A wire rod, arc-spraying wire and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This application relates to a wire rod, an arc-sprayed wire, and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of arc-sprayed materials. The chemical composition of the wire rod, by mass fraction, is: C: 0.08%~0.14%, Si: 0.10%~0.60%, Mn: 1.50%~2.00%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.020%, Cr≤0.10%, Ni≤0.10%, Mo≤0.05%, Cu≤0.10%, Ti≤0.010%, Al≤0.020%, N≤0.010%, TO≤0.010%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. The wire is prepared by optimizing the chemical composition of the alloy wire rod through processes such as smelting, continuous casting, rolling, surface treatment, rough drawing, copper plating, and fine drawing. The mass fraction of Cu is 0.10%~0.25%, and the other elements are the same as those in the wire rod. This wire material has excellent wear and corrosion resistance and adhesion strength to the aluminum alloy substrate. It can form a stable protective coating on the inner wall of the engine cylinder, taking into account both the advantages of engine lightweighting and high performance requirements, and effectively supporting long-term service.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of arc spraying materials technology, and in particular to a wire rod, an arc spraying wire, and a preparation method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloys possess excellent thermal conductivity, which can improve engine operating efficiency and service life. Furthermore, aluminum alloys offer significant lightweight advantages, being 30% to 40% lighter than traditional cast steel engines, contributing to reduced fuel consumption and emissions, making them a mainstream material for engine blocks. However, aluminum alloys have low structural strength, poor wear resistance and corrosion resistance, are prone to deformation during prolonged operation, and have a high coefficient of friction, which may lead to a decrease in the fit between the cylinder wall and piston, causing power leakage. To resolve the contradiction between "lightweight aluminum alloys" and "high strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of cast steel," existing technology uses arc spraying to prepare an iron-based coating with a thickness ≤0.2mm on the inner wall of the aluminum alloy engine cylinder. This retains the lightweight advantages of aluminum alloys while improving the wear and corrosion resistance of the cylinder block through the iron-based coating. Additionally, the oil reservoirs in the coating enhance lubrication between the cylinder wall and piston, improving the power transmission efficiency of the aluminum alloy.

[0003] Arc spraying is a highly efficient and convenient thermal spraying technology. The principle of arc spraying is to melt a continuously fed metal wire with an electric arc, and then use a high-speed airflow to atomize the molten metal and spray it onto the workpiece surface to form a coating. It has been widely used in engineering fields such as steel structure corrosion protection, wear protection of mechanical parts, and equipment maintenance. However, automotive engines face harsh operating conditions, including temperatures reaching hundreds of degrees Celsius, chemical corrosion from fuel and lubricating oil, and high-frequency mechanical friction between the piston and cylinder wall. This places higher demands on arc spraying wire materials. The composition and performance of existing wire materials are insufficient to meet the coating requirements of "high wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and long-term stability," and cannot guarantee the reliability of the coating during the long-term service of the engine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a wire rod, an arc-sprayed solid filament, and a preparation method thereof to solve the following technical problem: how to improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the filament.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a wire rod, the chemical composition of which, by mass fraction, is: C: 0.08%~0.14%, Si: 0.10%~0.60%, Mn: 1.50%~2.00%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.020%, Cr≤0.10%, Ni≤0.10%, Mo≤0.05%, Cu≤0.10%, Ti≤0.010%, Al≤0.020%, N≤0.010%, TO≤0.010%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

[0006] Optionally, the chemical composition of the wire rod, by mass fraction, includes: C: 0.10%~0.13%, Si: 0.25%~0.40%, Mn: 1.60%~1.80%, N≤0.008%.

[0007] Optionally, the wire rod meets at least one of the following properties: tensile strength of 500MPa~800MPa, yield strength of 400MPa~700MPa, and reduction of area ≥60%. Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an arc spraying wire, the wire comprising a wire substrate made of the aforementioned wire rod and a copper plating layer covering the surface of the wire substrate.

[0008] Optionally, the total copper mass fraction of the wire is 0.10% to 0.25%.

[0009] Optionally, the filament material satisfies at least one of the following properties: tensile strength of 1050MPa~1400MPa, yield strength of 850MPa~1200MPa, and yield strength ratio ≥0.75.

[0010] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a method for preparing the filament described in the second aspect, the method comprising: Through smelting and refining, molten steel with the following chemical composition is obtained: C: 0.08%~0.14%, Si: 0.10%~0.60%, Mn: 1.50%~2.00%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.020%, Cr≤0.10%, Ni≤0.10%, Mo≤0.05%, Cu≤0.10%, Ti≤0.010%, Al≤0.020%, N≤0.010%, TO≤0.010%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities; The molten steel is then continuously cast and rolled to obtain wire rod; The wire rod is subjected to surface treatment, rough drawing, copper plating and fine drawing in sequence to obtain wire material.

[0011] Optionally, the smelting is carried out using at least one of a converter and an electric furnace.

[0012] Optionally, the refining is carried out by at least one of a ladle refining furnace and a vacuum degassing furnace.

[0013] Optionally, the temperature of the molten steel in the continuous casting tundish is 1535℃~1560℃.

[0014] Optionally, the initial rolling temperature is 950℃~1150℃, and the final rolling temperature is 900℃~1000℃.

[0015] Optionally, the diameter of the wire rod is φ5.5mm~φ6.5mm.

[0016] Optionally, the surface treatment includes at least one of pickling and mechanical peeling.

[0017] Optionally, the drawing speed of the rough drawing is 5m / s to 15m / s.

[0018] Optionally, the thickness of the copper plating layer is 0.1μm to 3.0μm.

[0019] Optionally, the speed of the thinning process is 15m / s to 35m / s.

[0020] Optionally, the diameter of the wire is φ1.55mm~φ1.60mm.

[0021] The technical solutions provided in this application have the following advantages compared with the prior art: This application provides a wire rod, an arc-sprayed filament, and a preparation method thereof. The chemical composition of the wire rod, by mass fraction, is: C: 0.08%~0.14%, Si: 0.10%~0.60%, Mn: 1.50%~2.00%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.020%, Cr≤0.10%, Ni≤0.10%, Mo≤0.05%, Cu≤0.10%, Ti≤0.010%, Al≤0.020%, N≤0.010%, TO≤0.010%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Through precise control of composition and synergistic control of purity, the problem of insufficient wear and corrosion resistance of the filament is solved from the source of the material. First, by setting the main element ranges of 0.08wt%~0.14wt% C, 0.10wt%~0.60wt% Si, and 1.50wt%~2.00wt% Mn, a high-strength matrix framework is constructed while ensuring the processing plasticity of the wire: C balances the strength and toughness of the wire, Si strengthens ferrite and assists in deoxidation, and Mn improves the hardenability and impact toughness of the wire, jointly providing basic mechanical support for wear and corrosion resistance. Second, by strictly controlling the upper limits of impurity elements such as P, S, N, and TO, the purity of the wire is significantly improved: reducing the brittleness tendency caused by S and P grain boundary segregation, and reducing the risk of inducing fatigue crack initiation by oxide and nitride inclusions, thereby enhancing the durability of the wire under corrosive media and alternating stress. Finally, by limiting the content of alloying elements such as Cr, Ni, and Mo, corrosion resistance is moderately optimized while suppressing costs: a small amount of alloying elements can strengthen the matrix through solid solution and increase the electrode potential, while strictly controlling the upper limits avoids the increased processing difficulty and carbide coarsening problems caused by high alloying.

[0022] In summary, this composition design, through the synergistic effect of multiple elements, enables the final filament material to possess high purity, uniform microstructure, and stable mechanical properties, thereby forming a dense, high-bonding-strength coating during the arc spraying process, directly addressing the challenges of high-temperature wear and corrosion failure of the inner wall of aluminum alloy engine cylinders. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a wire rod, an arc-sprayed wire, and a preparation method provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] The range descriptions used herein, such as numerical ranges and proportional ranges, include all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within that range. For example, the range descriptions of "1 to 6" or "1~6" cover all sub-ranges between 1 and 6 (such as 1 to 3, 2 to 5, etc.) and single numbers (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). Unless otherwise specified, the terms "including" and "contains" used herein mean "including but not limited to"; relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different entities or operations and do not imply an actual order or relationship. "And / or" indicates that multiple situations can exist individually or simultaneously. Expressions such as "at least one," "multiple," and "at least one" refer to any combination of the corresponding objects, including combinations of single or multiple objects. The proportional relationships mentioned herein, such as mass ratios and molar ratios, should be understood as the correspondence between the first and second terms of a proportional formula, according to the order of description. The raw materials, reagents, instruments, and equipment used herein can all be obtained through commercial purchase or prepared using existing methods.

[0028] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a wire rod, the chemical composition of which, by mass fraction, is: C: 0.08%~0.14%, Si: 0.10%~0.60%, Mn: 1.50%~2.00%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.020%, Cr≤0.10%, Ni≤0.10%, Mo≤0.05%, Cu≤0.10%, Ti≤0.010%, Al≤0.020%, N≤0.010%, TO≤0.010%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

[0029] In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the wire rod, by mass fraction, includes: C: 0.10%~0.13%, Si: 0.25%~0.40%, Mn: 1.60%~1.80%, N≤0.008%.

[0030] The positive effects of limiting the mass fraction of carbon (C) to 0.08%~0.14% include: C can balance the strength, wear resistance, and processing plasticity of the wire, while ensuring the adhesion strength to the aluminum alloy matrix, meeting the demanding service conditions required by automotive engine blocks. Preferably, the mass fraction of C is 0.10%~0.13%. For example, the mass fraction of C can be 0.08%, 0.09%, 0.10%, 0.11%, 0.12%, 0.13%, 0.14%, etc.

[0031] The positive effects of limiting the Si mass fraction to 0.10%~0.60% include: Si can optimize metallurgical quality through deoxidation, improve the strength and hardness of wire materials, and enhance the density, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of coatings, thus adapting to the harsh service conditions of automotive aluminum alloy engine blocks. Preferably, the Si mass fraction is 0.25%~0.40%. Exemplary examples include Si mass fractions of 0.10%, 0.20%, 0.30%, 0.40%, 0.50%, and 0.60%.

[0032] The positive effects of limiting the mass fraction of Mn to 1.50%~2.00% include: Mn can improve the strength, toughness, and thermal stability of the wire, and enhance the wear resistance of the coating to adapt to the mechanical friction conditions of the engine block. Preferably, the mass fraction of Mn is 1.60%~1.80%. For example, the mass fraction of Mn can be 1.50%, 1.60%, 1.70%, 1.80%, 1.90%, 2.00%, etc.

[0033] The positive effects of limiting the mass fraction of phosphorus (P) to ≤0.020% include: reducing elemental segregation, improving the plasticity and toughness of the wire, and preventing brittle fracture during coating service. For example, the mass fraction of P can be 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.015%, 0.020%, etc.

[0034] The positive effects of limiting the mass fraction of sulfur (S) to ≤0.020% include: S can reduce the content of sulfide inclusions, improve the purity of the wire, and enhance the corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of the coating. For example, the mass fraction of S can be 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.015%, 0.020%, etc.

[0035] The positive effects of limiting the Cr mass fraction to ≤0.10% are: Cr can ensure the corrosion resistance of the coating while avoiding excessive Cr from increasing the brittleness of the wire, affecting processing performance and adhesion strength. For example, the Cr mass fraction can be 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.10%, etc.

[0036] The positive effects of limiting the Ni mass fraction to ≤0.10% include: Ni can slightly improve the toughness and corrosion resistance of the wire, while avoiding the increased cost and processing difficulty caused by excessive Ni. For example, the Ni mass fraction can be 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.10%, etc.

[0037] The positive effects of limiting the mass fraction of Mo to ≤0.05% include: Mo can enhance the high-temperature strength and wear resistance of wires, making them suitable for the high-temperature working environment of engine blocks. For example, the mass fraction of Mo can be 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.05%, etc.

[0038] The positive effects of limiting the mass fraction of Cu to ≤0.10% include: Cu can slightly improve the corrosion resistance of the wire, avoiding thermal brittleness caused by excessive Cu, which would affect the wire's processing and service performance. For example, the mass fraction of Cu can be 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.10%, etc.

[0039] The positive effects of limiting the Ti mass fraction to ≤0.010% include: Ti can refine grains, improve the strength and toughness of the wire, and prevent the formation of coarse carbides that affect coating quality. For example, the Ti mass fraction can be 0.002%, 0.004%, 0.006%, 0.008%, 0.010%, etc.

[0040] The positive effects of limiting the Al mass fraction to ≤0.020% include: Al can control the amount of deoxidation products, reduce alumina inclusions, and improve the purity of the filament to enhance coating adhesion strength. For example, the Al mass fraction can be 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.015%, 0.020%, etc.

[0041] The positive effects of limiting the mass fraction of N to ≤0.010% include: N can reduce nitride inclusions, improve the plasticity and toughness of the wire, and prevent cracking of the coating during service. Preferably, the mass fraction of N is ≤0.008%. For example, the mass fraction of N can be 0.002%, 0.004%, 0.006%, 0.008%, 0.010%, etc.

[0042] The positive effects of limiting the mass fraction of TO to ≤0.010% include: TO can reduce the total oxide inclusion content, improve the purity of the wire material, and enhance the wear and corrosion resistance of the coating and its adhesion strength to the aluminum alloy substrate. For example, the mass fraction of TO can be 0.002%, 0.004%, 0.006%, 0.008%, 0.010%, etc.

[0043] Fe is a matrix element, and the specific content / range of Fe can be obtained through the upper and lower limit formulas of the component, that is: The sum of the percentages of all components in a composition should equal 100%, and the content ranges of several components should meet the following conditions: the upper limit of a certain component + the lower limit of other components ≤ 100; the lower limit of a certain component + the upper limit of other components ≥ 100. Furthermore, the specific content of Fe is made up to 100% by the actual detected values ​​of the other chemical components mentioned above, together with any unlisted active elements and / or impurity elements, and Fe must constitute the absolute proportion as a matrix element.

[0044] In some embodiments, the wire rod satisfies at least one of the following properties: tensile strength of 500MPa~800MPa, yield strength of 400MPa~700MPa, and reduction of area ≥60%.

[0045] Tensile strength: The maximum tensile stress a material can withstand in a tensile test, it is a core indicator of the wire rod's resistance to fracture. The tensile strength of the wire rod is between 500 MPa and 800 MPa, ensuring structural integrity during transportation, storage, and initial drawing, while avoiding excessively high strength that would increase the external load during drawing. For example, the tensile strength of the wire rod can be 500 MPa, 600 MPa, 700 MPa, 800 MPa, etc. Yield strength: The critical stress at which a material transitions from elastic deformation to plastic deformation, reflecting the wire rod's ability to resist permanent deformation. The yield strength of the wire rod is between 400 MPa and 700 MPa. If the yield strength is too low, the wire rod is prone to permanent deformation during transportation or pretreatment, affecting subsequent processing accuracy; if the yield strength is too high, greater external force is required during drawing, potentially causing surface damage to the wire or overloading the drawing equipment. For example, the yield strength of the wire rod can be 400 MPa, 500 MPa, 600 MPa, 700 MPa, etc. Reduction of area (RA): The ratio of the maximum reduction in cross-sectional area after tensile fracture to the original cross-sectional area, is a key indicator for measuring the plastic deformation capacity of wire rod. A RA ≥ 60% indicates that the wire rod can withstand significant plastic deformation without fracturing, ensuring the continuity of the wire drawing process and the quality of the wire. For example, the RA of wire rod can be 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, etc.

[0046] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an arc spraying wire, the wire comprising a wire substrate made of the aforementioned wire rod and a copper plating layer covering the surface of the wire substrate.

[0047] The wire substrate, made from wire rods, provides basic wear and corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, while the copper plating on the surface improves the conductivity of the wire to ensure the stability of the arc spraying process and enhances the adhesion strength to the aluminum alloy engine block.

[0048] In some embodiments, the total copper mass fraction of the wire is 0.10% to 0.25%.

[0049] The total copper mass fraction of the wire is between 0.10% and 0.25%, which ensures the conductivity and adhesion of the copper plating while avoiding excessive copper mass fraction that could reduce the mechanical properties of the wire or increase costs. For example, the total copper mass fraction of the wire can be 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25%, etc.

[0050] In some embodiments, the filament satisfies at least one of the following properties: tensile strength of 1050MPa~1400MPa, yield strength of 850MPa~1200MPa, and yield-to-tensile ratio ≥0.75.

[0051] The tensile strength of the wire is between 1050 MPa and 1400 MPa, ensuring its fracture resistance during wire drawing and arc spraying. For example, the tensile strength of the wire can be 1050 MPa, 1100 MPa, 1150 MPa, 1200 MPa, 1250 MPa, 1300 MPa, 1350 MPa, 1400 MPa, etc. The yield strength of the wire is between 850 MPa and 1200 MPa. The high yield strength of the wire gives it excellent resistance to deformation. Therefore, the operation is more stable during spraying, and it also helps to improve the utilization rate of the wire. For example, the yield strength of the wire can be 850 MPa, 900 MPa, 950 MPa, 1000 MPa, 1050 MPa, 1100 MPa, 1150 MPa, 1200 MPa, etc. The yield strength ratio of the filament is ≥0.75, ensuring that the coating made of the filament is not prone to plastic deformation under harsh conditions such as high temperature and friction in the engine, maintaining the integrity of the coating to improve wear and corrosion resistance and long service life. For example, the yield strength ratio of the filament can be 0.75, 0.80, 0.82, 0.85, 0.88, 0.90, etc.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a wire rod, an arc-sprayed wire, and a preparation method provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 Thirdly, this application provides a method for preparing the filament described in the second aspect, the method comprising: S1. Through smelting and refining, molten steel with the following chemical composition is obtained: C: 0.08%~0.14%, Si: 0.10%~0.60%, Mn: 1.50%~2.00%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.020%, Cr≤0.10%, Ni≤0.10%, Mo≤0.05%, Cu≤0.10%, Ti≤0.010%, Al≤0.020%, N≤0.010%, TO≤0.010%, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities; S2. The molten steel is continuously cast and rolled in sequence to obtain wire rod; S3. The wire rod is subjected to surface treatment, rough drawing, copper plating and fine drawing in sequence to obtain wire material.

[0054] In some embodiments, the smelting is carried out using at least one of a converter and an electric furnace.

[0055] Converter: A metallurgical steelmaking furnace without an external heat source, using molten iron as the main raw material. High-pressure oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and other gases is blown into the furnace, and the heat released from the reaction of carbon, silicon, manganese, and other elements in the molten iron with oxygen maintains the smelting temperature, achieving the purpose of removing impurities and adjusting the composition of the molten steel. Electric Furnace: A metallurgical furnace using electricity as a heat source. Raw materials may include scrap steel, pig iron, alloys, etc. The furnace charge is melted by electricity, and the chemical composition and purity of the molten steel are precisely controlled by adding alloying elements and adjusting the slag composition.

[0056] In some embodiments, the refining is carried out by at least one of a ladle refining furnace and a vacuum degassing furnace.

[0057] Ladle refining furnace: A metallurgical device that uses a ladle as a container to perform secondary refining of molten steel through processes such as electric arc heating and slag formation, adjusting composition, removing inclusions, and homogenizing temperature. Vacuum degassing furnace: A metallurgical device that removes gases from molten steel and improves its purity by reducing the surface gas pressure in a vacuum environment, causing dissolved gases to precipitate out.

[0058] In some embodiments, the temperature of the molten steel in the continuous casting tundish is 1535°C to 1560°C.

[0059] The temperature of molten steel in the continuous casting tundish is maintained between 1535℃ and 1560℃ to ensure smooth pouring while maintaining billet quality. While excessively low temperatures can improve the internal quality of the billet, they can also lead to premature solidification, potentially causing "freezing" and production interruptions. Conversely, excessively high temperatures can exacerbate defects such as segregation and shrinkage cavities in the billet. These billet defects can be inherited by subsequent wire rods and wires: firstly, this can cause frequent breakages during wire drawing; secondly, the inheritance of defects can ultimately affect the performance of the coating, resulting in uneven distribution of coating composition and structure. For example, the temperature of molten steel in the continuous casting tundish can be 1535℃, 1540℃, 1545℃, 1550℃, 1555℃, or 1560℃.

[0060] In some embodiments, the initial rolling temperature is 950°C to 1150°C, and the final rolling temperature is 900°C to 1000°C.

[0061] The initial rolling temperature is between 950℃ and 1150℃. Too high an initial rolling temperature leads to coarse grains in the wire rod, reducing its mechanical properties and wasting energy. Too low an initial rolling temperature results in insufficient plasticity, easily inducing defects such as rolling cracks, which in turn affects the processing stability and wire quality of subsequent drawing processes. Examples of initial rolling temperatures include 950℃, 1000℃, 1050℃, 1100℃, and 1150℃. The final rolling temperature is between 900℃ and 1000℃. As a key factor affecting the initial austenite grain size and distribution of the wire rod, the final rolling temperature directly determines the final microstructure and properties of the wire rod, and is also an important step in ensuring the consistency of wire rod performance. Examples of final rolling temperatures include 900℃, 920℃, 940℃, 960℃, 980℃, and 1000℃. In some embodiments, the diameter of the wire rod is φ5.5mm to φ6.5mm.

[0062] The diameter of the wire rod is between φ5.5mm and φ6.5mm to accommodate the deformation requirements of subsequent drawing processes, ensuring stability during the drawing process and the quality of the wire, while also taking into account the convenience of transportation and storage. For example, the diameter of the wire rod can be φ5.5mm, φ6.0mm, φ6.5mm, etc.

[0063] In some embodiments, the surface treatment includes at least one of pickling and mechanical peeling.

[0064] Pickling: A chemical surface treatment method that uses acid solutions to remove oxide scale, rust, and impurities from the surface of wire rods, improving surface smoothness to facilitate subsequent processing. Mechanical peeling: A physical surface treatment method that uses mechanical force to remove oxide scale from the surface of wire rods, avoiding chemical contamination while preserving the properties of the substrate.

[0065] In some embodiments, the drawing speed of the roughing process is 5 m / s to 15 m / s.

[0066] The drawing speed for rough drawing is between 5 m / s and 15 m / s. This is to balance the smoothness of the production process and good production efficiency in wire rod production, taking into account the drawing performance of the wire rod. For example, the rough drawing speed can be 5 m / s, 15 m / s, etc.

[0067] In some embodiments, the thickness of the copper plating layer is 0.1 μm to 3.0 μm.

[0068] The copper plating thickness is between 0.1μm and 3μm to ensure excellent wire feeding performance during the spraying process, guarantee stable conductivity, and provide reliable rust protection for the wire during storage. For example, the copper plating thickness can be 0.1μm, 0.5μm, 1.0μm, 1.6μm, 2.0μm, 2.4μm, 3.0μm, etc.

[0069] In some embodiments, the speed of the thinning process is 15 m / s to 35 m / s.

[0070] The fine drawing speed is between 15 m / s and 35 m / s. The purpose is to optimize the drawing performance of the wire rod and intermediate wire while ensuring smooth production and good processing efficiency. For example, the fine drawing speed can be 15 m / s, 20 m / s, 25 m / s, 30 m / s, 35 m / s, etc.

[0071] In some embodiments, the diameter of the filament is φ1.55mm to φ1.60mm.

[0072] The wire diameter is between φ1.55mm and φ1.60mm to adapt to the wire feeding requirements of arc spraying equipment, ensuring a stable arc and uniform atomization of molten metal during the spraying process, thereby forming a coating that meets the high wear and corrosion resistance requirements of aluminum alloy engine blocks. For example, the wire diameter can be φ1.55mm, φ1.56mm, φ1.57mm, φ1.58mm, φ1.59mm, φ1.60mm, etc.

[0073] The product prepared by the method of preparing the filament is the aforementioned filament. Since the method of preparing the filament adopts some or all of the technical solutions of the filament embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the aforementioned embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0074] The present application is further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally determined according to national standards / industry standards / the disclosure herein; if there are no corresponding national standards / industry standards / the disclosure herein, they are performed according to generally accepted international standards, conventional conditions, or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0075] The chemical composition (mass percentage / %) of the examples and comparative examples is shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1

[0077] Example 1 Through smelting and refining, molten steel with the chemical composition described in Example 1 of Table 1 was obtained; The molten steel is continuously cast in a tundish at a temperature of 1540°C. The molten steel is then rolled at an initial rolling temperature of 980°C and a final rolling temperature of 950°C to obtain a wire rod with a diameter of φ5.5mm. The wire rod is surface treated by pickling; then it is rough drawn at a speed of 7 m / s; subsequently, it is copper plated to a thickness of 2 μm; finally, it is fine drawn at a speed of 18 m / s to obtain a wire with a diameter of φ1.59 mm.

[0078] Example 2 Through smelting and refining, molten steel with the chemical composition described in Example 2 of Table 1 was obtained; The molten steel is continuously cast in a tundish at a temperature of 1542°C. The steel is then rolled at an initial rolling temperature of 1000°C and a final rolling temperature of 990°C to obtain a wire rod with a diameter of φ5.5mm. The wire rod is surface treated by pickling; then it is rough drawn at a speed of 7 m / s; subsequently, it is copper plated to a thickness of 2 μm; finally, it is fine drawn at a speed of 18 m / s to obtain a wire with a diameter of φ1.58 mm.

[0079] Example 3 Through smelting and refining, molten steel with the chemical composition described in Example 3 of Table 1 was obtained; The molten steel is continuously cast in a tundish at a temperature of 1545°C. The steel is then rolled at an initial rolling temperature of 1020°C and a final rolling temperature of 980°C to obtain a wire rod with a diameter of φ5.5mm. The wire rod is surface treated by pickling; then it is rough drawn at a speed of 10 m / s; subsequently, it is copper plated to a thickness of 1.6 μm; finally, it is fine drawn at a speed of 25 m / s to obtain a wire with a diameter of φ1.58 mm.

[0080] Example 4 Through smelting and refining, molten steel with the chemical composition described in Example 4 of Table 1 was obtained; The molten steel is continuously cast in a tundish at a temperature of 1540°C. The molten steel is then rolled at an initial rolling temperature of 1030°C and a final rolling temperature of 1000°C to obtain a wire rod with a diameter of φ6.5mm. The wire rod is surface treated by pickling; then it is rough drawn at a speed of 8 m / s; subsequently, it is copper plated to a thickness of 2 μm; finally, it is fine drawn at a speed of 25 m / s to obtain a wire with a diameter of φ1.59 mm.

[0081] Example 5 Through smelting and refining, molten steel with the chemical composition described in Example 5 of Table 1 was obtained; The molten steel is continuously cast in a tundish at a temperature of 1542°C. The steel is then rolled at an initial rolling temperature of 980°C and a final rolling temperature of 970°C to obtain a wire rod with a diameter of φ5.5mm. The wire rod is surface treated by pickling; then it is rough drawn at a speed of 7 m / s; subsequently, it is copper plated to a thickness of 2.5 μm; finally, it is fine drawn at a speed of 20 m / s to obtain a wire with a diameter of φ1.56 mm.

[0082] Comparative Example 1 Through smelting and refining, molten steel with the chemical composition described in Comparative Example 1 in Table 1 was obtained; The molten steel is continuously cast in a tundish at a temperature of 1550°C. The molten steel is then rolled at an initial rolling temperature of 1020°C and a final rolling temperature of 990°C to obtain a wire rod with a diameter of φ6.5mm. The wire rod is surface treated by pickling; then it is rough drawn at a speed of 7 m / s; subsequently, it is copper plated to a thickness of 2.2 μm; finally, it is fine drawn at a speed of 20 m / s to obtain a wire with a diameter of φ1.56 mm.

[0083] Comparative Example 2 Through smelting and refining, molten steel with the chemical composition described in Comparative Example 2 in Table 1 was obtained; The molten steel is continuously cast in a tundish at a temperature of 1552°C. The steel is then rolled at an initial rolling temperature of 1020°C and a final rolling temperature of 980°C to obtain a wire rod with a diameter of φ5.5mm. The wire rod is surface treated by pickling; then it is rough drawn at a speed of 10 m / s; subsequently, it is copper plated to a thickness of 1.6 μm; finally, it is fine drawn at a speed of 25 m / s to obtain a wire with a diameter of φ1.58 mm.

[0084] The mechanical properties of the wire rods in the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 2.

[0085] Table 2

[0086] The mechanical properties of the wires in the examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 3.

[0087] Table 3

[0088] The data tables above provide a clear comparison of the differences between various embodiments and comparative examples. The following conclusions can be drawn: As can be seen from the data in Tables 2 and 3, the wire rod provided in the embodiments of this application has a yield strength of 574 MPa to 633 MPa, a tensile strength of 688 MPa to 754 MPa, and a reduction of area of ​​68.2% to 74.1%; the wire provided in the embodiments of this application has a yield strength of 953 MPa to 1050 MPa, a tensile strength of 1177 MPa to 1235 MPa, and a yield strength ratio of 0.804 to 0.850.

[0089] As demonstrated in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-2, to ensure the processing and coating performance of the sprayed wire, precise chemical composition design combined with process control is necessary to achieve suitable mechanical properties in the wire rod, ensuring the stability of the drawing process. The work hardening effect generated during the drawing process further enhances the strength and yield strength ratio of the wire, thereby optimizing the wire feeding smoothness and coating stability. Simultaneously, the uniformity of the wire's microstructure directly affects the wire feeding state and indirectly influences the overall performance of the sprayed coating, including mechanical properties, wear and corrosion resistance, and bonding strength with the substrate. Since chemical composition is a decisive factor in the coating's service performance, strict and stable control of the chemical composition is the core key to achieving high-performance wire in this technical solution.

[0090] One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The present invention provides a wire rod and an arc-sprayed wire material. By optimizing the chemical composition of the alloy wire rod and the preparation processes such as smelting, refining, surface treatment, copper plating, and drawing, the resulting arc-sprayed wire material possesses excellent wear and corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and adhesion strength to aluminum alloy engine cylinder blocks. It can adapt to the harsh operating conditions of engines such as high temperature, corrosion, and mechanical friction, effectively solving the problem that existing wire materials cannot meet the requirements for long-term stable service, and taking into account the requirements of engine lightweighting and high performance.

[0091] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A wire rod, characterized in that, The chemical composition of the wire rod in mass fraction is: C: 0.08% to 0.14%, Si: 0.10% to 0.60%, Mn: 1.50% to 2.00%, P ≤ 0.020%, S ≤ 0.020%, Cr ≤ 0.10%, Ni ≤ 0.10%, Mo ≤ 0.05%, Cu ≤ 0.10%, Ti ≤ 0.010%, Al ≤ 0.020%, N ≤ 0.010%, T.O ≤ 0.010%, and the rest is Fe and inevitable impurities.

2. The rod as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The chemical composition of the wire rod in mass fraction includes: C: 0.10% to 0.13%, Si: 0.25% to 0.40%, Mn: 1.60% to 1.80%, N ≤ 0.008%.

3. The rod as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The wire rod satisfies at least one of the following properties: tensile strength of 500 MPa to 800 MPa, yield strength of 400 MPa to 700 MPa, and reduction of area ≥ 60%.

4. An arc-spraying wire, characterized in that The wire material includes a wire material substrate made of the wire rod of claim 1 and a copper plating layer coated on the surface of the wire material substrate.

5. The solid wire of claim 4, wherein The total copper mass fraction of the wire material is 0.10% to 0.25%.

6. The solid wire of claim 4, wherein The wire material satisfies at least one of the following properties: tensile strength of 1050 MPa to 1400 MPa, yield strength of 850 MPa to 1200 MPa, and yield strength / tensile strength ratio ≥ 0.

75.

7. A method for producing the wire of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by, The method includes: melting and refining to obtain molten steel with the chemical composition of any one of claims 1 to 6; sequentially performing continuous casting and rolling on the molten steel to obtain a wire rod; sequentially performing surface treatment, rough drawing, copper plating, and fine drawing on the wire rod to obtain a wire material.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The melting is performed by at least one of a converter and an electric furnace; and / or, The refining is performed by at least one of a ladle refining furnace and a vacuum degassing furnace.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein, The temperature of the molten steel in the continuous casting tundish is 1535 ℃ to 1560 ℃; and / or, The opening rolling temperature of the rolling is 950 ℃ to 1150 ℃, and the finish rolling temperature of the rolling is 900 ℃ to 1000 ℃; and / or, The diameter of the wire rod is φ5.5 mm to φ6.5 mm.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein, The surface treatment includes at least one of pickling and mechanical peeling; and / or, The drawing speed of the rough drawing is 5 m / s to 15 m / s; and / or, The plating thickness of the copper plating is 0.1 μm to 3.0 μm; and / or, The speed of the fine drawing is 15 m / s to 35 m / s; and / or, The diameter of the wire material is φ1.55 mm to φ1.60 mm.

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