Orthogonal collaborative optimization layout method for flexible photovoltaic supports in bidirectional narrow plots

Abstract

This invention discloses an orthogonal collaborative optimization layout method for flexible photovoltaic (PV) supports on bidirectional, narrow plots. Based on two flexible support structure system schemes—east-west and north-south spans—this method employs a layout algorithm to combine these two schemes within the red line area. Then, using an optimization algorithm, the optimal combination of the two span flexible PV support schemes is determined across the entire site, aiming to minimize the overall cost per watt of the foundation and supports, while meeting the design requirements for the layout capacity. This invention improves the layout efficiency of flexible PV supports, determining the optimal layout scheme by optimizing the entire site layout while meeting capacity design requirements, thus reducing the overall cost per watt of the flexible supports and their foundations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar energy application technology, specifically to an orthogonal collaborative optimization arrangement method for flexible photovoltaic supports on bidirectional narrow plots. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the tightening of photovoltaic land use policies, flexible photovoltaic (PV) support systems, which are highly adaptable to complex sites and occupy a small area, have seen significant development. However, their advantage in terms of overall system cost per watt is not obvious, and further design optimization is urgently needed. Compared to conventional fixed PV support systems, the cost of flexible PV support systems is greatly affected by their layout scheme, and the layout of PV sites is often related to their boundary limits and restrictive factors. The shape of the boundary limits can be mainly divided into two types: narrow and long in the north-south direction and narrow and long in the east-west direction. The boundary limits often consist of multiple areas and have various shapes.

[0003] To adapt to different site shapes, current flexible photovoltaic (PV) support schemes used in engineering projects can be divided into two types: north-south span and east-west span. If the conventional east-west span flexible support scheme is still used within a narrow north-south boundary line, it will result in an excessive number of costly end supports and cable-stayed foundations, significantly increasing foundation costs and severely hindering the promotion and application of flexible PV systems. However, using a corresponding north-south span flexible support scheme within a narrow north-south boundary line can effectively solve the above problems and significantly reduce foundation costs; the same applies to narrow east-west boundary lines. However, for commonly seen bidirectional narrow engineering projects that simultaneously include both north-south and east-west narrow sites, there is currently no collaborative optimization method based on the bidirectional span flexible PV support scheme. The combined arrangement of the two schemes involves considerable subjectivity, and although it can meet design capacity requirements, it does not achieve optimal overall economic efficiency in terms of support and foundation.

[0004] Therefore, how to accurately and efficiently combine and arrange the entire field area based on the bidirectional span flexible support scheme, and further reduce the overall cost of the current flexible photovoltaic support system, is a key engineering and technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to propose an orthogonal collaborative optimization arrangement method for flexible photovoltaic supports on bidirectional narrow plots, so as to determine the optimal arrangement scheme of flexible photovoltaic supports under the premise of meeting the design capacity requirements, thereby reducing the overall cost per watt of supports and foundations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: Step 1: Input design boundary conditions, including project boundary, geological survey data, component parameters, component spacing, component tilt angle, ground clearance, foundation type, etc. Step 2: Determine the detailed design of two flexible support schemes: the north-south connecting span and the east-west connecting span; In step 2, the detailed layout of the two different continuous span flexible support schemes is determined by selecting key parameters such as span, row spacing, component parameters, foundation type, and foundation size. The cost of a single mid-support foundation for the north-south continuous span flexible support scheme is... The cost of a single end support foundation is The cost of a single cable-stayed foundation is The cost per tile of the flexible support structure for the north-south span is... In the formula The average number of spans in the north-south connected flexible support scheme; the cost of a single mid-support foundation in the east-west connected flexible support scheme is... The cost of a single end support foundation is The cost of a single cable-stayed foundation is The cost per watt of the flexible support structure for the east-west span is... In the formula The average number of spans in the east-west span flexible support scheme.

[0007] Step 3: Divide the project area into several land parcel units; The project area is determined by the project boundary line. The irregular project plot boundary line is divided into several rectangular blocks. During the division process, elements that intersect with road paths are filtered out, and restrictive factors such as unusable areas are excluded.

[0008] Step 4: Arrange the full-field bidirectional continuous span flexible support scheme using the layout algorithm; Based on the flexible support details determined in step 2, the layout scheme of the entire site is initially determined by the layout algorithm according to the plot units within the project boundary. The layout area is divided into a uniform grid, and the center of the span of the flexible photovoltaic support is located at the center of the grid.

[0009] Step 5: Based on the overall site layout, calculate the flexible support layout capacity of the east-west and north-south spans, the average number of spans, and the number of each type of foundation. The capacity of the flexible support scheme for the north-south span is The capacity of the east-west span flexible support scheme is... The quantities of different foundation types include the number of intermediate support foundations, end support foundations, and cable-stayed support foundations. The number of support foundations in the north-south span flexible support scheme is as follows: The number of end support foundations is The number of cable-stayed support foundations is The number of support foundations in the east-west span flexible support scheme is: The number of end support foundations is The number of cable-stayed support foundations is .

[0010] The capacity of the flexible support structure connecting the north and south spans is determined by the total power of the photovoltaic modules actually deployed under this scheme, specifically by multiplying the total number of modules within the north-south span support area by the rated power of a single photovoltaic module. The number of modules within the north-south span support area is calculated based on the span of the north-south span support, row spacing, module size, and deployment spacing. The capacity of the flexible support structure connecting the east and west spans is also determined by the total power of the photovoltaic modules actually deployed under this scheme, specifically by multiplying the total number of modules within the east-west span support area by the rated power of a single photovoltaic module. The number of modules within the east-west span support area is calculated based on the span of the east-west span support, row spacing, module size, and deployment spacing. The total deployment capacity is the sum of the north-south span deployment capacity and the east-west span deployment capacity.

[0011] Step 6: Calculate the cost per watt of the entire flexible support system (support and foundation). It can be calculated using the following formula: In the formula For the cost of the support structure, ; Cost of the basic components: ; Step 7: Use an optimization algorithm to determine the cost per watt of the flexible support system with the overall flexible support arrangement as the variable. If the minimum cost has not yet been reached, proceed to step 4 to adjust the flexible support combination arrangement scheme for the east-west and north-south connecting spans within the red line area. Repeat this process until the cost per tile of the flexible support system is minimized, then output the final arrangement. (Regarding the determination of the cost per tile...) The cost per watt is determined by whether the cost calculated using the particle swarm optimization algorithm after multiple iterations no longer decreases, or the cost decrease is less than a preset minimum threshold, or the maximum number of iterations is reached. Meeting any one of these conditions determines the cost per watt. To reach the minimum, proceed to step 4, which returns to the layout phase. Regenerate the overall layout plan, using the rectangular plots defined in step 3 as the basic adjustment units for each plot within the red line area. Adjust the combination layout of the east-west and north-south connecting flexible supports. For each plot unit, reselect either east-west or north-south connecting supports, and adjust the distribution ratio, location, and range of the two types of supports throughout the site. Under the premise of not exceeding the red line, not entering unusable areas, and meeting capacity constraints, traverse or search for a better combination layout. Specifically, on a plot-by-plot basis, redistribute some areas with east-west connecting supports and some areas with north-south connecting supports to generate a new layout. Calculate the cost again and compare until the minimum is reached.

[0012] The specific optimization model is as follows: Constraint functions:

[0013] Optimization equation:

[0014] In the formula, This refers to the minimum installed capacity requirement for the project, which is an external input parameter directly given during the project initiation and planning phase based on the actual needs of the project.

[0015] Furthermore, the component parameters input in step 1 include the size and weight of the photovoltaic module; the foundation type includes precast pile foundation, cast-in-place pile foundation, pile cap foundation, and expanded hole anchor bolt foundation.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 2, the north-south span flexible support scheme refers to a scheme in which the components are arranged facing south and the supporting cables are tensioned along the north-south direction; the east-west span flexible support scheme refers to a scheme in which the components are arranged facing south and the supporting cables are tensioned along the east-west direction.

[0017] Furthermore, in step 3, the rectangular blocks within the project's red line area are preferentially divided according to the elongated direction of the plot.

[0018] Furthermore, the arrangement algorithm in step 4 can adopt a north-south aligned arrangement algorithm. This algorithm divides the arrangement area into a uniform grid, with the center of the span of the flexible photovoltaic support located at the center of the grid, thereby ensuring that the middle piles and end piles of the flexible support are aligned in both row and column directions.

[0019] Furthermore, in step 5, the total capacity of the two flexible support schemes needs to be determined in conjunction with the component parameters and meet the minimum capacity requirements; different flexible support schemes and foundation types are set to belong to different layers or blocks to facilitate the counting of quantities.

[0020] Furthermore, the cost per watt of the support structure in step 6 is... , Subject to average number of consecutive spans , The more spans there are on average, the lower the cost per watt.

[0021] Furthermore, the optimization algorithm in step 7 can adopt the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, which takes the cost per watt of flexible support as the optimization target, and continuously adjusts the combination and arrangement scheme of flexible photovoltaic support according to the plot units within the red line to achieve the optimal cost per watt.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The method of this invention is based on two flexible support schemes with different span directions. Under the premise of meeting the design capacity requirements, an optimization algorithm is used to determine the optimal combination arrangement for the entire field, with the goal of minimizing the overall cost per watt of the flexible support and foundation. This invention has the advantage of improving the efficiency of combining multiple flexible photovoltaic support schemes. Under the premise of meeting the design capacity requirements, by optimizing the overall field arrangement, the optimal arrangement scheme is determined, thereby reducing the overall cost per watt of the support and foundation. The above beneficial effects demonstrate that this scheme has good engineering application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the orthogonal collaborative optimization layout method for bidirectional narrow plot photovoltaic flexible support according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This represents a typical red-line range distribution for the photovoltaic project of this invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a detailed drawing of the east-west span flexible support scheme of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a detailed drawing of the flexible support scheme for the north-south span of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall arrangement of the bidirectional spanning scheme of the present invention.

[0028] Among them: cable-stayed support 1; middle support 2; photovoltaic module 3; end support 4; compass 5. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The method of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Example: The boundary of a certain photovoltaic flexible support project is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, a monocrystalline bifacial double-glass 590Wp photovoltaic module is proposed, with module dimensions of 2278×1134×30mm. The lowest point of photovoltaic module 3 is 7m above the mud surface. The orthogonal collaborative optimization layout method for bidirectional narrow plot photovoltaic flexible support proposed in this invention will be used for the entire site layout. The specific process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown: Step 1: Determine the design boundary conditions for this project and obtain relevant geological survey data. The component tilt angle is set at 12°. Precast pipe pile foundations are used for the cable-stayed support 1, intermediate support 2, and end support 4. The boundary conditions can be input using MATLAB, Python, CAD, or photovoltaic design software.

[0031] Step 2: Determine the layout details of the north-south and east-west flexible support schemes based on the design boundary conditions. The layout details are standard layout unit diagrams including support span, row spacing, support location, foundation type, and cable arrangement. Determine the span and row spacing of the two schemes based on the elongated shape of the plot, component size, component tilt angle, ground clearance, and geological conditions. Determine the foundation type and size based on geological conditions to form foundation parameters. Determine the cost of each type of foundation based on foundation type, material usage, and market price. The cost per tile of the support is determined by comprehensively calculating the steel usage, cable usage, accessory usage, and average number of spans. The higher the average number of spans, the lower the cost per tile.

[0032] Based on the relevant boundary conditions of this project, the span of the north-south continuous flexible support scheme is 32m, the row spacing is 1.6m, the end pile spacing is 2.308m, and the middle pile spacing is 4.616m. The detailed layout of the design scheme is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the foundation of the intermediate support 2 uses PHC-400AB-95-15 high-strength precast pipe piles, with a single pile costing [amount missing]. The foundation of end support 4 uses PHC-400B-95-18 high-strength precast pipe piles, with a single pile costing [amount missing]. The foundation of cable-stayed support 1 uses PHC-600B-110-18 high-strength precast pipe piles, with a single pile costing [amount missing]. The east-west oriented continuous flexible support scheme has a span of 31.5m, a row spacing of 6.2m, an end pile spacing of 2.238m, and a middle pile spacing of 2.238m. The detailed layout of the design scheme is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the foundation of the intermediate support 2 uses PHC-400AB-95-14 high-strength precast pipe piles, with a single pile costing [amount missing]. The foundation of end support 4 uses PHC-400B-95-18 high-strength precast pipe piles, with a single pile costing [amount missing]. The foundation of cable-stayed support 1 uses PHC-600B-110-19 high-strength precast pipe piles, with a single pile costing [amount missing]. .

[0033] Step 3: Divide the irregular project site boundary into several rectangular blocks. A typical distribution of the boundary area for a photovoltaic project is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, during the partitioning process, elements intersecting with road paths are filtered out, and restrictive factors such as unusable areas are excluded. The long side of the rectangle is consistent with the narrow direction of the plot, and the size of the rectangle is adapted to the span and row spacing of the north-south or east-west connecting supports. The size of the rectangle is based on the principle of fully accommodating the smallest support unit and avoiding fragmentation.

[0034] Step 4: Based on the flexible support details of the two schemes determined in Step 2, a preliminary layout scheme for the entire site is determined using a layout algorithm within the project boundary area, based on plot units. The layout area is divided into a uniform grid, with the center of the flexible photovoltaic support span located at the center of the grid. This ensures that the central piles and end piles of the flexible support are aligned in both row and column directions. The detailed scheme of the east-west span flexible support is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the detailed design of the flexible support scheme for the north-south span is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the overall layout of the two-way continuous span scheme is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, Figures 3 to 5 The number 5 in the diagram represents the north arrow.

[0035] Step 5: Based on the initial site layout, calculate the layout capacity of the flexible support schemes for the east-west and north-south spans, the average number of spans, and the number of each type of foundation. The layout capacity of the flexible support scheme for the north-south span is... Average number of consecutive spans The basic quantity of the middle support 2 Number of foundations for end supports 4 Number of foundations for cable-stayed support 1 The capacity of the flexible support scheme for the east-west span is... Average number of consecutive spans The basic number of the middle support 2 is The number of foundations for end support 4 is The number of foundations for cable-stayed support 1 is In CAD or photovoltaic layout software, the north-south span support, east-west span support, middle support foundation, end support foundation, and inclined support foundation are placed in separate layers or blocks to achieve classified display, classified selection, and classified statistics, avoiding the mixing of different types of objects and facilitating quick and accurate statistics on the layout capacity of various support structures and the number of various foundations.

[0036] Step 6: Calculate the cost per tile of the flexible support system corresponding to the initial layout, including the support structure and foundation. , Cost of the support structure

[0037]

[0038] Cost of the basic components:

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] Cost per watt: Step 7: Use the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to determine the cost per watt of the flexible support system, taking the overall flexible support arrangement as a variable. If the minimum cost has not yet been reached, proceed to step 4 to adjust the flexible support combination arrangement scheme for the east-west and north-south connecting spans within the red line area. Repeat this process until the cost per tile of the flexible support system across the entire site is minimized. The specific optimization model is as follows: Constraint functions:

[0042] Optimization equation:

[0043] In the formula, This is the minimum capacity requirement for this project. .

[0044] After several iterations and optimizations, the optimal combination and arrangement scheme of the flexible support structure for this project is finally output as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0045] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main structural features of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples; various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An orthogonal collaborative optimization arrangement method for flexible photovoltaic supports in bidirectional narrow plots, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Input the project design boundary conditions; Step 2: Based on the design boundary conditions, determine the layout details of the north-south span flexible support scheme and the east-west span flexible support scheme, and clarify the span, row spacing, foundation parameters, cost of each type of foundation and cost per tile of the support for the two schemes; Step 3: Divide the project area into multiple rectangular plots and exclude unusable areas; Step 4: Based on the detailed designs of the two flexible support schemes, complete the combined arrangement of the flexible support system for the entire field in each rectangular plot unit; Step 5: Calculate the layout capacity, average number of spans, and number of foundations for the flexible supports in the north-south and east-west spans; Step 6: Calculate the overall cost per tile for the entire support structure and foundation based on the statistical results; Step 7: Using the combined layout as a variable, use an optimization algorithm to iteratively determine whether the overall cost per watt is minimized; if it is not minimized, return to step 4 to adjust the layout, and repeat steps 4 to 6; if it is minimized, output the optimal layout scheme.

2. The orthogonal collaborative optimization arrangement method for bidirectional narrow plot photovoltaic flexible support according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the layout details of the north-south span flexible support scheme and the east-west span flexible support scheme are determined based on the design boundary conditions. This includes determining the span and row spacing of the two schemes based on the narrow and long direction of the plot, component size, component tilt angle, ground clearance, and geological survey conditions; and determining the foundation type and size based on geological conditions to form foundation parameters.

3. The orthogonal collaborative optimization arrangement method for bidirectional narrow plot photovoltaic flexible support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement of the bidirectional span flexible support combination in step 4 includes dividing the arrangement area into a uniform grid, so that the center of the span of the flexible support coincides with the center of the grid, and the middle pile and the end pile are aligned in both row and column directions.

4. The orthogonal collaborative optimization arrangement method for bidirectional narrow plot photovoltaic flexible support according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the flexible support arrangement capacity of the north-south span is the total number of components actually arranged under the north-south span scheme multiplied by the rated power of a single component; the flexible support arrangement capacity of the east-west span is the total number of components actually arranged under the east-west span scheme multiplied by the rated power of a single component; the total arrangement capacity is the sum of the arrangement capacity of the north-south span and the arrangement capacity of the east-west span.

5. The orthogonal collaborative optimization arrangement method for bidirectional narrow plot photovoltaic flexible support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for calculating the overall cost per watt of the entire support structure and foundation in step 6 is as follows: In the formula For the cost of the support structure, ; Cost of the basic components; ； Indicates the cost per watt; This indicates the capacity of the flexible support structure for the north-south span; This indicates the capacity of the flexible support structure for the east-west span. This indicates the cost per tile of the support structure in the north-south span flexible support scheme. This indicates the cost per watt of the support structure in the east-west span flexible support scheme. This indicates the number of support foundations in the north-south span flexible support scheme; This indicates the cost of a single intermediate support foundation in the north-south span flexible support scheme; This indicates the number of end support foundations for the north-south span flexible support scheme; This indicates the cost of a single end support foundation for the north-south span flexible support scheme. This indicates the number of cable-stayed support foundations for the north-south span flexible support scheme; This indicates the cost of a single cable-stayed support foundation for the north-south span flexible support scheme; This indicates the number of support foundations in the east-west span flexible support scheme; This indicates the cost of a single intermediate support foundation in the east-west span flexible support scheme; This indicates the number of end support foundations for the east-west span flexible support scheme; This indicates the cost of a single end support foundation for the east-west span flexible support scheme. This indicates the number of cable-stayed support foundations for the east-west span flexible support scheme; This indicates the cost of a single cable-stayed support foundation for the east-west span flexible support scheme.

6. The orthogonal collaborative optimization arrangement method for bidirectional narrow plot photovoltaic flexible support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimization algorithm in step 7 is the particle swarm optimization algorithm, based on the overall cost per watt. The optimization objective is to minimize the project's minimum capacity, and iterative optimization is performed with this as the constraint. If the overall cost per watt is... If the minimum cost has not yet been reached, proceed to step 4 and adjust the flexible support combination arrangement scheme of the east-west and north-south connecting spans in sequence according to the plot units within the red line range. Repeat this process until the cost per tile of the flexible support system reaches the minimum, and output the final arrangement scheme. The specific optimization model is as follows: Constraint functions: ; Optimization equation: ; In the formula, This indicates the capacity of the flexible support structure for the north-south span; This indicates the capacity of the flexible support structure for the east-west span. This indicates the minimum capacity requirement for the project.

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