Rapeseed swather and implement steering method

Abstract

This invention discloses a rapeseed harvester and its steering method that facilitates turning. The harvester includes a body, two sets of track mechanisms located on both sides of the body, and a cutting platform located in front of the body. A laying channel is provided between the two sets of track mechanisms. The cutting platform includes a reel and two sets of conveyor belts located on both sides of the front end of the laying channel. A blocking mechanism is located at the rear of the body, which can switch between a blocking state and a yielding state. In the yielding state, the rapeseed harvested by the cutting platform can pass through the laying channel; in the blocking state, the blocking mechanism closes the rear end of the laying channel. In this invention, by setting a blocking mechanism at the rear of the body, when the harvester needs to turn or make a U-turn in the field, the blocking mechanism can be switched from the yielding state to the blocking state in advance. This allows the rapeseed harvested by the cutting platform to be stored in the laying channel for a short distance, creating an open space behind the harvester. The harvester can then use this open space to turn without crushing the rapeseed laid on the ground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rapeseed harvesting machinery technology, and in particular to a rapeseed harvester and shrimp with easy steering and a steering method. Background Technology

[0002] Rapeseed is an important oilseed crop in my country, and mechanized harvesting (segmented harvesting) is an effective way to reduce rapeseed harvesting losses and increase yield. Among existing rapeseed harvesting equipment, tracked harvesters are widely used due to their low ground pressure and strong maneuverability. For example, patent application number CN201910716746.5 discloses a tracked self-propelled backpack rapeseed harvester, which includes a pair of walking tracks, a main frame, and a cutting and laying device located at the front. Its working principle is to use a transverse conveying mechanism to concentrate and transport the cut rapeseed to the reserved space between the two sets of walking tracks, and then lay it backward through an unobstructed laying channel. Although this design can utilize the ground clearance of the machine chassis during straight-line operation, it can avoid the walking tracks from crushing the laid rapeseed strips, achieving the effect of laying them on the stubble for air drying. However, the aforementioned existing technologies still have significant drawbacks in actual field operations: because these machines operate in a continuous mode, the harvested crops are continuously transported and laid out behind the machine, resulting in the ground immediately behind the machine still being covered with rapeseed crops when the machine is about to turn at the end of the field. During turns or U-turns at the end of the field, the tracked walking mechanism typically involves differential turning in place or repeated forward and backward maneuvers, causing the tracks to directly crush the rapeseed plants and pods laid out on the ground, resulting in severe rapeseed loss and hindering subsequent threshing and harvesting. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a rapeseed harvester and a machine turning method that can avoid crushing rapeseed crops laid on the ground when the machine turns or turns around.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a rapeseed harvester and shrimp that is easy to turn, comprising a machine body, two sets of track mechanisms disposed on both sides of the machine body, and a cutting platform disposed in front of the machine body; a laying channel is provided between the two sets of track mechanisms; the cutting platform includes a reel and two sets of conveyor belts disposed on both sides of the front end of the laying channel, the conveying direction of the conveyor belts being perpendicular to the forward direction of the machine, and both sets of conveyor belts conveying material towards the center;

[0005] The rear of the machine body has a blocking mechanism that can switch between blocking and avoidance states. In the avoidance state, the rapeseed harvested by the cutting platform can be evenly spread on the ground through the laying channel. In the blocking state, the blocking mechanism closes the rear end of the laying channel, and the cut rapeseed is temporarily placed in the space formed by the blocking mechanism and the laying channel.

[0006] Furthermore, the blocking mechanism includes a rotating component rotatably mounted relative to the machine body and a driving unit for driving the rotating component to rotate; in the avoidance state, the rotating component is raised upward; in the blocking state, the rotating component is lowered and blocks the rear side of the laying channel.

[0007] Furthermore, the rotating component is a mesh-like component composed of multiple longitudinal strips and multiple transverse strips, and the rotating component also includes a transverse rotating shaft located at the end of all the longitudinal strips and having a rotational relationship with the machine body.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive unit is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the cutting platform can be driven to rise and fall relative to the machine body by a lifting hydraulic cylinder. In one embodiment, during the preparation for turning, after an open space is formed behind the machine, the lifting hydraulic cylinder is controlled to raise the cutting platform, and then the machine moves backward. In this way, the material temporarily stored in the laying channel can come out from the front end of the laying channel and be laid in front of the machine.

[0010] Furthermore, in another embodiment, both sides of the laying channel have side baffles; the side baffles include a vertical plate portion that maintains verticality, and a rotating plate portion that is rotatably mounted on the lower side of the vertical plate portion, the rotating plate portion being driven by a driving mechanism to rotate relative to the vertical plate portion.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical plate can slide vertically relative to the machine body; the driving mechanism includes two swing arms rotatably mounted relative to the machine body and correspondingly connected to the two side baffles; the lower end of each swing arm is connected to the lower end of the rotating plate in the side baffle, and the first rotatable connection position of the swing arm to the machine body is higher than the second rotatable connection position of the vertical plate and the rotating plate; the swing arm can be driven by a driving element to rotate actively. In this solution, the driving element is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] During operation, in the initial state, both the rotating plate and the swing arm are in a vertical position. When it is necessary to turn the rapeseed in the laying channel, the drive element is controlled to operate, causing the lower ends of the two swing arms to converge in the middle, driving the two rotating plates to rotate inward, and at the same time causing the two vertical plates to slide downward. In this way, the rapeseed in the laying channel can be lifted upward a certain distance.

[0013] Based on the above-mentioned easy-to-steer rapeseed harvester steering method, the method includes:

[0014] Step S1: Before the machine body turns, control the blocking mechanism to switch from the avoidance state to the blocking state;

[0015] In step S2, the machine continues to travel along the current working direction, and the rapeseed harvested by the cutter is temporarily stored in the laying channel, thereby creating an empty area without crops behind the machine.

[0016] Step S3: The aircraft completes a turning maneuver within the open area;

[0017] Step S4: After the steering is completed, control the blocking mechanism to switch from the blocking state to the avoidance state.

[0018] Furthermore, the cutting platform can be driven to rise and fall relative to the machine body by a lifting hydraulic cylinder; in one embodiment, step S3 specifically includes:

[0019] Step S301: Control the operation of the lifting hydraulic cylinder to raise the cutting table to a high position;

[0020] Step S302: Control the track mechanism to reverse, so that the machine body moves backward to the open area. At the same time, the rapeseed crop that was temporarily stored in the laying channel comes out from the front end of the laying channel and is laid on the front side of the machine body.

[0021] Step S303: Control the two sets of track mechanisms to operate at different speeds, so that the machine body can move in the open area until it completes the turn.

[0022] Furthermore, in the second scheme, the turning of the rapeseed crop carried in the laying channel in step S3 specifically includes:

[0023] Step S311: Control the operation of the drive element so that the lower ends of the two swing arms converge towards the middle, driving the two rotating plates to rotate inward and lift the rapeseed in the laying channel upward.

[0024] Step S312: Control the track mechanism to reverse, so that the machine body moves backward to the open area;

[0025] Step S313: Control the two sets of track mechanisms to operate at different speeds, so that the machine body can move in the open area until the turning is completed;

[0026] The following steps are performed synchronously with step S4: control the operation of the drive element to restore the two pendulum rods to the vertical position.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The rapeseed harvester and drying machine and its steering method of the present invention, which facilitate steering, have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) In this invention, by setting a blocking mechanism on the rear side of the machine, when the machine needs to turn or turn around in the field, the blocking mechanism can be switched from the avoidance state to the blocking state in advance, so that the rapeseed crop cut by the cutting platform in the subsequent short distance is stored in the laying channel, so that the rear side of the machine forms an open space, and the machine uses the open space to turn. In this way, the machine will not crush the rapeseed on the ground when turning, thus avoiding losses.

[0029] (2) The present invention provides two turning methods: releasing temporarily stored rapeseed before turning and turning with rapeseed, which can meet different field operation needs. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of the rapeseed harvester in its first state.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a second-view structural diagram of the rapeseed harvester in its first state.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the rapeseed harvester in its second state.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the blocking mechanism;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a rear view of the rapeseed harvester in the preferred embodiment;

[0035] Figure 6 This diagram shows two possible combinations of states for laying the structure within the channel.

[0036] In the diagram: 1-Machine body; 2-Crawler mechanism; 3-Cutter head; 31-Reel; 32-Conveyor belt; 4-Laying channel; 41-Side baffle; 411-Vertical plate; 412-Rotating plate; 42-Drive mechanism; 421-Swing arm; 422-Drive element; 5-Blocking mechanism; 51-Rotating component; 51a-Longitudinal strip; 51b-Transverse strip; 51c-Transverse rotating shaft; 52-Drive unit; 6-Lifting hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2The rapeseed harvester shown is easy to turn and includes a body 1, two sets of track mechanisms 2 placed on both sides of the body 1, and a cutting platform 3 placed in front of the body 1; a laying channel 4 is provided between the two sets of track mechanisms 2; the cutting platform 3 includes a reel 31 and two sets of conveyor belts 32 placed on both sides of the front end of the laying channel 4, the conveying direction of the conveyor belts 32 is perpendicular to the forward direction of the machine, and both sets of conveyor belts 32 convey material to the middle;

[0039] The rear side of the body 1 has a blocking mechanism 5, which can switch between blocking and avoidance states; for example Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the avoidance state, the rapeseed harvested by the cutting platform 3 can pass through the laying channel 4 and be laid on the rear side of the machine body 1; as Figure 3 As shown, in the blocking state, the blocking mechanism 5 closes the rear end of the laying channel 4, and the rapeseed harvested by the cutting platform 3 is blocked in the laying channel 4, which can store some rapeseed.

[0040] In this invention, by setting a blocking mechanism 5 on the rear side of the machine body 1, when the machine needs to turn or turn around in the field, the blocking mechanism 5 can be switched from the avoidance state to the blocking state in advance, so that the rapeseed crop cut by the cutter 3 in the subsequent short distance is stored in the laying channel 4, so that an open space is formed behind the machine. The machine can use the open space to turn, so that the machine will not crush the rapeseed on the ground when turning, thus avoiding losses.

[0041] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, the blocking mechanism 5 includes a rotating component 51 rotatably mounted relative to the body 1 and a driving unit 52 that drives the rotating component 51 to rotate; in the avoidance state, the rotating component 51 is raised upward; in the blocking state, the rotating component 51 is lowered and blocks the rear side of the laying channel 4.

[0042] Preferably, the rotating component 51 is a mesh-like structure composed of multiple longitudinal strips 51a and multiple transverse strips 51b. The rotating component 51 also includes a transverse rotating shaft 51c located at the ends of all the longitudinal strips 51a and rotating in relation to the body 1. The rotating component 51 has a lightweight structure and can ensure a blocking effect.

[0043] Preferably, the drive unit 52 is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0044] Preferably, the cutting platform 3 can be driven by the lifting hydraulic cylinder 6 to rise and fall relative to the machine body 1. In one embodiment, during the preparation for turning, after an open space is formed behind the machine, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 6 is controlled to operate, causing the cutting platform 3 to rise, and then the machine moves backward. In this way, the material temporarily stored in the laying channel 4 can come out from the front end of the laying channel 4 and be laid in front of the machine.

[0045] Preferably, in another embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, both sides of the laying channel 4 have side baffles 41; the side baffles 41 include a vertical plate portion 411 that maintains verticality, and a rotating plate portion 412 that is rotatably installed on the lower side of the vertical plate portion 411. The rotating plate portion 412 can be driven by the driving mechanism 42 to rotate relative to the vertical plate portion 411.

[0046] Preferably, the vertical plate portion 411 is capable of sliding vertically relative to the machine body 1; the drive mechanism 42 includes two swing rods 421 rotatably mounted relative to the machine body 1 and correspondingly connected to the two side baffles 41; the lower end of each swing rod 421 is connected to the lower end of the rotating plate portion 412 in the side baffle 41, and the first rotatable connection position of the swing rod 421 with the machine body 1 is higher than the second rotatable connection position of the vertical plate portion 411 with the rotating plate portion 412; the swing rod 421 can be driven by the drive element 422 to rotate actively. In this embodiment, the drive element 422 is a hydraulic cylinder.

[0047] When doing homework, such as Figure 6 As shown by the solid line, in the initial state, both the rotating plate 412 and the swing arm 421 are in a vertical position. When it is necessary to turn the rapeseed crop in the laying channel 4, the control drive element 422 is activated, causing the lower ends of the two swing arms 421 to converge towards the center, driving the two rotating plate parts 412 to rotate inward, while simultaneously causing the two vertical plate parts 411 to slide downward. Figure 6 As shown by the dotted line, this allows the rapeseed crops laid in channel 4 to be lifted upwards a certain distance.

[0048] The structural design of the aforementioned side baffle 41 and drive mechanism 42 enables the rapeseed in the laying channel 4 to be lifted off the ground when the vehicle is turning, thus preventing it from being crushed. In this structure, the high hinge position of the swing arm 421 allows the rotating plate 412 to lift the rapeseed off the ground by a smaller distance and to fully enter the laying channel 4 laterally, placing it below the rapeseed.

[0049] Based on the above-mentioned easy-to-steer rapeseed harvester steering method, the method includes:

[0050] Step S1: Before the machine body 1 turns, control the blocking mechanism 5 to switch from the avoidance state to the blocking state;

[0051] In step S2, the machine body 1 continues to travel and operate along the current working direction, and the rapeseed harvested by the cutting platform 3 is temporarily stored in the laying channel 4, thereby forming an empty area without crops behind the machine body 1.

[0052] Step S3, the machine body 1 completes a turning maneuver in the open area;

[0053] Step S4: After the steering is completed, control the blocking mechanism 5 to switch from the blocking state to the avoidance state.

[0054] Preferably, the cutting platform 3 can be driven to move up and down relative to the machine body 1 by the lifting hydraulic cylinder 6; in one embodiment, step S3 specifically includes:

[0055] Step S301: Control the operation of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 6 to raise the cutting table 3 to a high position;

[0056] Step S302: Control the track mechanism 2 to reverse, so that the machine body 1 moves backward to the open area. At the same time, the rapeseed crop that was temporarily stored in the laying channel 4 comes out from the front end of the laying channel 4 and is laid on the front side of the machine body 1.

[0057] Step S303: Control the two sets of track mechanisms 2 to operate at different speeds, so that the machine body 1 can move around in the open area until it completes the turn.

[0058] Preferably, in the second embodiment, the step S3 of turning the rapeseed crop carried in the laying channel 4 specifically includes:

[0059] Step S311: Control the drive element 422 to operate so that the lower ends of the two swing rods 421 converge towards the middle, driving the two rotating plates 412 to rotate inward, lifting the rapeseed in the laying channel 4 upward.

[0060] Step S312: Control the track mechanism 2 to reverse, so that the machine body 1 moves backward to the open area;

[0061] Step S313: Control the two sets of track mechanisms 2 to operate at different speeds, so that the machine body 1 can move in the open area until the turning is completed;

[0062] The following steps are performed synchronously with step S4: control the operation of the drive element 422 so that the two swing arms 421 return to the vertical position.

[0063] This invention provides two turning methods: releasing temporarily stored rapeseed before turning and turning with rapeseed on board, which can meet different field operation needs.

[0064] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapeseed harvester with easy steering, comprising a body (1), two sets of track mechanisms (2) disposed on both sides of the body (1), and a cutting platform (3) disposed in front of the body (1); a laying channel (4) is provided between the two sets of track mechanisms (2); the cutting platform (3) includes a reel (31) and two sets of conveyor belts (32) disposed on both sides of the front end of the laying channel (4); Its features are: The rear side of the machine body (1) has a blocking mechanism (5), which can switch between blocking and avoidance states. In the avoidance state, the rapeseed harvested by the cutting platform (3) can be laid on the ground through the laying channel (4). In the blocking state, the blocking mechanism (5) closes the rear end of the laying channel (4), and the cut rapeseed is temporarily placed in the space formed by the blocking mechanism (5) and the laying channel (4).

2. The easy-to-steer rapeseed harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blocking mechanism (5) includes a rotating component (51) rotatably mounted relative to the body (1) and a driving unit (52) for driving the rotating component (51) to rotate; in the avoidance state, the rotating component (51) is raised upward; In the blocking state, the rotating member (51) droops down and blocks the rear side of the laying channel (4).

3. The easy-to-steer rapeseed harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating component (51) is a mesh-like component composed of multiple longitudinal strips (51a) and multiple transverse strips (51b). The rotating component (51) also includes a transverse rotating shaft (51c) located at the end of all the longitudinal strips (51a) and having a rotational relationship with the body (1).

4. The easy-to-steer rapeseed harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive unit (52) is a hydraulic cylinder.

5. The easy-to-steer rapeseed harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting table (3) can be driven to rise and fall relative to the machine body (1) by the lifting hydraulic cylinder (6).

6. The easy-to-steer rapeseed harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the laying channel (4) have side baffles (41); the side baffles (41) include a vertical plate portion (411) that maintains verticality, and a rotating plate portion (412) that is rotatably installed on the lower side of the vertical plate portion (411), the rotating plate portion (412) being driven by a driving mechanism (42) to rotate relative to the vertical plate portion (411).

7. The easy-to-steer rapeseed harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vertical plate (411) can slide vertically relative to the body (1); the drive mechanism (42) includes two swing rods (421) that are rotatably mounted relative to the body (1) and connected one-to-one with the two side baffles (41); the lower end of each swing rod (421) is connected to the lower end of the rotating plate (412) in the side baffle (41), and the first rotational connection position of the swing rod (421) with the body (1) is higher than the second rotational connection position of the vertical plate (411) with the rotating plate (412); the swing rod (421) can be driven by the drive element (422) to rotate actively.

8. A method for steering a rapeseed harvester based on claim 1, characterized in that, The methods include: Step S1: Before the machine body (1) turns, control the blocking mechanism (5) to switch from the avoidance state to the blocking state; In step S2, the machine body (1) continues to travel and operate along the current working direction, and the rapeseed harvested by the cutting platform (3) is blocked in the laying channel (4) for temporary storage, thereby forming an empty area without crop laying behind the machine body (1). Step S3, the machine body (1) completes a turning action in the open area; Step S4: After the steering is completed, control the blocking mechanism (5) to switch from the blocking state to the avoidance state.

9. The machine steering method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cutting table (3) can be driven to rise and fall relative to the machine body (1) by the lifting hydraulic cylinder (6); step S3 specifically includes: Step S301: Control the operation of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (6) to raise the cutting table (3) to a high position; Step S302: Control the track mechanism (2) to reverse, so that the machine body (1) moves backward to the open area. At the same time, the rapeseed crop that was temporarily stored in the laying channel (4) comes out from the front end of the laying channel (4) and is laid on the front side of the machine body (1). Step S303: Control the two sets of track mechanisms (2) to operate at different speeds, so that the machine body (1) can move around in the open area until the turning is completed.

10. The machine steering method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step S3, which involves turning the rapeseed crop carried in the laying channel (4), specifically includes: Step S311: Control the drive element (422) to operate so that the lower ends of the two swing rods (421) converge towards the middle, driving the two rotating plates (412) to rotate inward, and lifting the rapeseed in the laying channel (4) upward; Step S312: Control the track mechanism (2) to reverse, so that the machine body (1) moves backward to the open area; Step S313: Control the two sets of track mechanisms (2) to operate at different speeds, so that the machine body (1) can move in the open area until the turning is completed; The following steps are performed synchronously with step S4: control the operation of the drive element (422) to restore the two swing arms (421) to the vertical position.

Images