Offshore wind turbine tower device and environmental control method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of offshore power generation, in particular to an offshore wind turbine tower device and an environment control method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: determining internal condensation risk values of each layer platform based on a tower external temperature sequence in a current control period and internal environment parameters of each layer platform; determining an external environment influence degree based on a change trend of the tower external temperature sequence in the current control period and a change state of wind turbine operation parameters; determining condensation risk evaluation indexes of each layer platform based on the external environment influence degree and the internal condensation risk values of each layer platform; and generating a control instruction based on the condensation risk evaluation indexes of each layer platform, wherein the control instruction is used for scheduling environment regulation execution mechanisms of each layer platform of the tower to execute environment regulation actions. The method can improve the timeliness and accuracy of offshore wind turbine tower internal environment control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of offshore power generation technology, specifically to an offshore wind turbine tower device and its environmental control method. Background Technology

[0002] As the offshore wind power industry continues to develop towards deep-sea and large-megawatt units, the wind turbine tower, as a key structure supporting core electrical equipment such as transformers, frequency converters, and large-section cables, faces increasingly harsh operating environments. Towers are typically situated in the high-temperature, high-salt-spray, and high-humidity marine atmospheric environment, and the internal equipment generates enormous heat during operation, resulting in a complex and variable microclimate within the tower. This makes it highly susceptible to condensation due to temperature fluctuations, which in turn threatens electrical insulation safety. Therefore, effectively controlling the internal environment of the tower has become a crucial technical challenge for ensuring the long-term stable operation of offshore wind turbines.

[0003] Currently, environmental control for offshore wind turbine towers largely relies on single-dimensional, passive threshold-triggered logic. For example, dehumidification, heating, or ventilation equipment is only activated when temperature and humidity sensors detect that local parameters exceed set thresholds.

[0004] However, the above methods have a strong control lag, often intervening only after condensation has formed and adhered to the surface of electrical cabinets or cable insulation. This cannot meet the stringent requirements of high reliability of the internal microenvironment for large megawatt units, resulting in greater operational risks for electrical equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problem of significant dehumidification lag in existing offshore wind turbine tower technologies, this application aims to provide an offshore wind turbine tower device and its environmental control method. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows: This application provides a method for controlling the environment of an offshore wind turbine tower, comprising: acquiring the external temperature sequence of the tower, wind turbine operating parameters, and internal environmental parameters of each platform within the tower during the current control period; determining the internal condensation risk value of each platform based on the external temperature sequence of the tower and the internal environmental parameters of each platform during the current control period; determining the degree of external environmental influence based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower and the changing state of the wind turbine operating parameters during the current control period, wherein the degree of external environmental influence is used to characterize the combined promoting effect of external cold source intrusion and wind turbine heat source changes on condensation risk; determining the condensation risk assessment index of each platform based on the degree of external environmental influence and the internal condensation risk value of each platform, wherein the condensation risk assessment index is used to characterize the comprehensive condensation risk level of the corresponding platform under the current environmental conditions and operating state; and generating control commands based on the condensation risk assessment index of each platform, wherein the control commands are used to schedule the environmental regulation actuators of each platform within the tower to perform environmental regulation actions.

[0006] Optionally, the internal environmental parameters of each platform include an internal temperature time series and an internal humidity time series. The above-mentioned determination of the internal condensation risk value of each platform based on the external temperature series of the tower in the current control cycle and the internal environmental parameters of each platform includes: determining the condensation probability of each platform based on the internal temperature time series, the internal humidity time series, and the external temperature series of the tower, and determining the condensation probability of the bottom platform as the internal condensation risk value of the bottom platform; if the internal condensation risk value of the bottom platform is greater than the preset inter-layer influence threshold, determining the inter-layer influence factor based on the internal condensation risk value of the bottom platform and the preset inter-layer influence threshold; and correcting the condensation probability of other platforms other than the bottom platform based on the inter-layer influence factor to obtain the internal condensation risk value of each other platform.

[0007] Optionally, the determination of the condensation probability of each platform based on the internal temperature time series, the internal humidity time series, and the external temperature series of each platform includes: determining the dew point temperature series of each platform based on the internal temperature time series and the internal humidity time series, where the dew point temperature is the critical temperature at which moisture in the air begins to condense; determining the difference series between the dew point temperature series of each platform and the external temperature series of the tower, and identifying a warning difference value from the difference series where the difference value is less than a preset safety threshold; and determining the condensation probability of each platform based on the proportion of the warning difference value and the average of all warning differences.

[0008] Optionally, determining the degree of external environmental influence based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower and the changing state of the fan operating parameters within the current control cycle includes: determining the degree of influence of the external cold source based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower within the current control cycle, which is used to characterize the degree of condensation influence of the external cold source on each platform; determining the degree of influence of the fan heat source based on the changing state of the fan operating parameters, which is used to characterize the degree of condensation influence of the fan heat source on each platform; and determining the degree of external environmental influence based on the degree of influence of the external cold source and the degree of influence of the fan heat source.

[0009] Optionally, the degree of influence of the external cold source is determined based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower within the current control cycle, including: determining the slope of the change of the external temperature sequence of the tower within the current control cycle; when the slope is negative and its absolute value is greater than a preset slope threshold, determining the degree of influence of the external cold source based on the absolute value of the slope and the external temperature of the tower at the current moment; when the slope is positive, or the slope is negative but its absolute value is less than or equal to the preset slope threshold, determining the degree of influence of the external cold source to be zero.

[0010] Optionally, the fan operating parameters include the fan's operating speed. The determination of the fan's heat source influence based on the changes in the fan operating parameters includes: determining the switching direction and amplitude between the fan's operating speed in the current control cycle and the operating speed in the previous control cycle; when the switching direction is from a high-power operating speed to a low-power operating speed, determining the fan's heat source influence based on the switching amplitude and the current external tower temperature; when the switching direction is from a low-power operating speed to a high-power operating speed or the operating speed remains unchanged, determining the fan's heat source influence to be zero.

[0011] Optionally, the above-mentioned generation of control instructions based on the condensation risk assessment index of each platform includes: generating control instructions when the condensation risk assessment index of any platform is greater than a preset risk threshold.

[0012] Optionally, after generating control instructions based on the condensation risk assessment index of each platform, the method further includes: continuously monitoring the condensation risk assessment index of the corresponding platform during the execution of environmental control actions by the environmental control actuator; and issuing an equipment fault alarm signal if the condensation risk assessment index does not drop below a preset risk threshold within a preset time period.

[0013] Optionally, the aforementioned environmental control actuator includes at least two of the following: motorized louvers, anti-salt spray ventilator, industrial dehumidifier, and anti-condensation heater. The aforementioned control command is used to control at least two of the following: opening the motorized louvers, starting the anti-salt spray ventilator, turning off the industrial dehumidifier, and turning off the anti-condensation heater.

[0014] This application provides an offshore wind turbine tower device, including a data acquisition module, a risk determination module, and a control module. The data acquisition module acquires the external temperature sequence of the tower, wind turbine operating parameters, and internal environmental parameters of each platform within the tower during the current control cycle. The risk determination module determines the internal condensation risk value of each platform based on the external temperature sequence and internal environmental parameters during the current control cycle. This module also determines the degree of external environmental influence based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence and the changing state of the wind turbine operating parameters during the current control cycle; this degree of external environmental influence characterizes the combined promoting effect of external cold source intrusion and wind turbine heat source changes on condensation risk. Furthermore, based on the degree of external environmental influence and the internal condensation risk value of each platform, this module determines a condensation risk assessment index for each platform; this condensation risk assessment index characterizes the comprehensive condensation risk level of the corresponding platform under current environmental conditions and operating status. The control module generates control commands based on the condensation risk assessment index of each platform; these control commands are used to schedule the environmental regulation actuators of each platform within the tower to perform environmental regulation actions.

[0015] This application has the following beneficial effects: By collecting external temperature sequences of the wind turbine tower, wind turbine operating parameters, and internal environmental parameters of each platform within the tower, the internal condensation risk value of each platform is determined based on the deviation between internal and external environmental parameters. Simultaneously, the degree of external environmental influence is determined by integrating the changing trends of the external temperature sequence and changes in wind turbine operating status. These two factors are then combined to generate a condensation risk assessment index for each platform, constructing a two-dimensional risk quantification system of "internal static deviation assessment + external dynamic trend assessment." This system enables quantitative prediction of condensation risk for each platform before condensation actually forms. Finally, based on this condensation risk assessment index, control commands are generated to schedule environmental adjustment actions for each platform. This achieves a fundamental shift from passive response to proactive feedforward control, significantly improving the timeliness and accuracy of internal environmental control within the offshore wind turbine tower, thereby enhancing the operational safety of electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an environmental control method for an offshore wind turbine tower provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for environmental control of offshore wind turbine towers provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for environmental control of offshore wind turbine towers, provided as an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this application to achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of an offshore wind turbine tower device and its environmental control method proposed in this application. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0020] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details a specific scheme for an offshore wind turbine tower device and its environmental control method provided in this application.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of an environmental control method for an offshore wind turbine tower according to an embodiment of this application.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for controlling the environment of an offshore wind turbine tower includes S101-S105.

[0023] S101. Obtain the external temperature sequence of the tower, the operating parameters of the fan, and the internal environmental parameters of each platform inside the tower within the current control cycle.

[0024] Optionally, the external temperature sequence of the tower during the current control cycle can be obtained by a weather station deployed outside the tower. This external temperature sequence contains multiple external temperature data points collected at fixed sampling intervals (e.g., 5 seconds) during the current control cycle, which are used to characterize the temperature fluctuation trend of the external environment.

[0025] The wind turbine operating parameters are obtained through the communication interface of the wind turbine main control system. These parameters include real-time power generation and operating speed data of the wind turbine within the current control cycle.

[0026] The internal environmental parameters of each platform are acquired by deploying temperature and humidity sensor arrays in layers within the tower. The internal environmental parameters of each platform include internal temperature time series and internal humidity time series, which correspond to multiple internal temperature values ​​and internal humidity values ​​collected at fixed sampling intervals within the current control cycle of each platform.

[0027] In one alternative implementation, to avoid data abrupt changes caused by external wind gusts or internal electromagnetic interference, sliding window filtering can be performed to denoise the external temperature sequence of the tower and the internal environmental parameters of each platform.

[0028] For example, the length of the sliding window can be set to 1 minute. The data generated in the past minute at each moment is determined as the sliding window data at that moment. After removing the highest and lowest values ​​in the sliding window, the arithmetic mean of the data in the sliding window is calculated, and the arithmetic mean is used as the final value at that moment.

[0029] S102. Based on the external temperature sequence of the tower and the internal environmental parameters of each platform during the current control cycle, determine the internal condensation risk value of each platform.

[0030] Among them, the internal condensation risk value is used to characterize the degree of condensation formation tendency of the corresponding platform under the current environmental conditions.

[0031] Specifically, for each platform inside the tower, the coupling relationship between the internal air state and the external cold source can be analyzed based on the internal temperature and humidity time series of that platform, combined with the external temperature series of the tower, to determine the internal condensation risk value of that platform.

[0032] Since the bottom platform is directly affected by sea surface moisture, its moisture may migrate to the middle and top layers through diffusion or airflow disturbance. Therefore, when determining the internal condensation risk value of each platform, the interlayer influence of the bottom platform on the upper platform should also be considered, so that the internal condensation risk value of the middle and top platforms can reflect the coupling effect of interlayer moisture diffusion.

[0033] S103. Based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower and the changing status of the fan operating parameters within the current control cycle, determine the degree of influence of the external environment.

[0034] Among them, the degree of influence of the external environment is used to characterize the combined promoting effect of external cold source intrusion and changes in fan heat source on condensation risk.

[0035] In this embodiment of the application, the combined promoting effect of the external environment on the risk of condensation inside the tower is evaluated from two dimensions: changes in the external environment and changes in the heat source of the fan.

[0036] S104. Based on the degree of influence of the external environment and the internal condensation risk value of each platform, determine the condensation risk assessment index of each platform.

[0037] The condensation risk assessment index is used to characterize the overall condensation risk level of the corresponding platform under current environmental conditions and operating status. The higher the condensation risk assessment index, the greater the overall condensation risk faced by the platform at the current moment.

[0038] Specifically, the internal condensation risk value can be understood as the basic risk baseline, and the degree of influence of the external environment can be understood as the dynamic adjustment term. A maximum adjustment value can be set, and the actual adjustment value can be obtained through the dynamic adjustment term and the maximum adjustment value. Then, the internal condensation risk value and the actual adjustment value are superimposed to obtain the condensation risk assessment index of each platform.

[0039] Optionally, the condensation risk assessment index satisfies the following formula: in, Indicates the first Condensation risk assessment index of the layer platform Indicates the first Internal condensation risk value of the layer platform Indicates the degree of influence of the external environment. This represents the maximum adjustment range, which can be 0.5 for example. This indicates the actual adjustment amplitude.

[0040] S105, Control instructions for generating condensation risk assessment index based on each platform layer.

[0041] Among them, the control commands are used to schedule the environmental regulation actuators of each platform of the tower to perform environmental regulation actions.

[0042] In one alternative implementation, the control instruction can be generated if the condensation risk assessment index of any platform layer exceeds a preset risk threshold.

[0043] It should be understood that the preset risk threshold is used to determine whether the current condensation risk has reached a critical level that requires active intervention. For example, the preset risk threshold can be set to 0.7.

[0044] Understandably, if the condensation risk assessment index of a certain platform is greater than the preset risk threshold, it indicates that the platform faces a high overall condensation risk under the current environmental conditions and operating status, and control intervention should be implemented immediately. If the condensation risk assessment index of all platforms is less than or equal to the preset risk threshold, the current monitoring status should be maintained, and no new control instructions should be generated.

[0045] Optionally, control commands can be sent to the corresponding environmental control actuators so that the environmental control actuators can perform the corresponding environmental control actions.

[0046] In this embodiment of the application, the environmental control actuator includes at least two of the following: electric louvers, anti-salt spray ventilator, industrial dehumidifier, and anti-condensation heater distributed on each layer of the tower. The control command is specifically used to control at least two of the following: opening the electric louvers, starting the anti-salt spray ventilator, closing the industrial dehumidifier, and closing the anti-condensation heater.

[0047] For example, the control command can be used to control the opening of the electric louvers and the start of the anti-salt spray ventilator, to achieve large-scale circulation inside and outside the tower through forced ventilation, and to suppress condensation formation by utilizing air circulation and the self-heating of the fan operation.

[0048] Alternatively, control the industrial dehumidifier to shut down and the anti-condensation heater to avoid conflict with the forced ventilation cooling logic and prevent the equipment from operating ineffectively under strong ventilation conditions.

[0049] Alternatively, all four environmental adjustment actions mentioned above can be performed simultaneously.

[0050] Optionally, during the environmental control action performed by the environmental control actuator, the condensation risk assessment index of the corresponding platform can be continuously monitored; if the condensation risk assessment index does not drop below the preset risk threshold within a preset time period, an equipment failure alarm signal is issued.

[0051] Understandably, if the condensation risk assessment index does not drop below the preset risk threshold within the preset time period, it indicates that the environmental adjustment action has failed to effectively alleviate the condensation trend and the effectiveness of the current control strategy is low. In this case, it can be determined that the current hardware capability is insufficient or the environmental adjustment actuator has malfunctioned, and an equipment fault alarm signal is issued and pushed to the wind turbine main control system so that maintenance personnel can intervene and handle it in a timely manner.

[0052] Optionally, if the condensation risk assessment index drops below the preset risk threshold within a preset time period, it indicates that the environmental adjustment action is effective, the condensation risk is being eliminated, and the current control strategy can be maintained.

[0053] For example, the preset duration can be 2 hours.

[0054] In one optional implementation, environmental parameters and equipment status records can also be recorded before and after the environmental adjustment action is performed, for maintenance engineers to trace and analyze.

[0055] The methods provided in S101-S105 above collect external temperature sequences of the wind turbine tower, wind turbine operating parameters, and internal environmental parameters of each platform inside the tower. Based on the deviation between internal and external environmental parameters, the internal condensation risk value of each platform is determined. At the same time, the degree of external environmental influence is determined by comprehensively considering the changing trend of the external temperature sequence and the changes in wind turbine operating status. The two are then integrated to generate a condensation risk assessment index for each platform, constructing a two-dimensional risk quantification system of "internal static deviation assessment + external dynamic trend assessment". This system can quantitatively predict the condensation risk of each platform before condensation actually forms. Finally, based on the condensation risk assessment index, control commands are generated to schedule environmental adjustment actions of each platform. This achieves a fundamental shift from passive response to active feedforward control, significantly improving the timeliness and accuracy of internal environmental control of offshore wind turbine towers, and thus improving the operational safety of electrical equipment.

[0056] Combination Figure 1 ,like Figure 2 As shown, in one implementation of this application embodiment, the above-mentioned determination of the internal condensation risk value of each platform based on the external temperature sequence of the tower in the current control cycle and the internal environmental parameters of each platform can be specifically implemented through S201-S203.

[0057] S201. Based on the internal temperature time series of each platform, the internal humidity time series of each platform, and the external temperature series of the tower, determine the condensation probability of each platform, and determine the condensation probability of the bottom platform as the internal condensation risk value of the bottom platform.

[0058] In one optional implementation, the dew point temperature sequence of each platform can be determined based on the internal temperature time series and internal humidity time series of each platform. The difference sequence between the dew point temperature sequence of each platform and the external temperature sequence of the tower can be determined, and the warning difference value that is less than the preset safety threshold can be determined from the difference sequence. Based on the proportion of the warning difference value and the average value of all warning differences, the condensation probability of each platform can be determined.

[0059] It should be understood that the dew point temperature is the critical temperature at which moisture in the air begins to condense. That is, when the surface temperature of an object drops to this critical temperature, water vapor in the air will condense into water droplets on the surface of the object.

[0060] Understandably, the Magnus approximation formula is used to quickly calculate the critical temperature at which water vapor in the air begins to condense into liquid water, given the current air temperature and relative humidity. Therefore, for each platform, a dew point temperature value can be calculated based on each corresponding data point (i.e., the temperature and humidity at a given moment) in its internal temperature and humidity time series, as well as the Magnus approximation formula, thus forming the dew point temperature series of that platform.

[0061] Alternatively, a mapping table between temperature and humidity and dew point temperature can be generated based on the Magnus approximation formula and stored. Then, the dew point temperature corresponding to each set of data points can be queried from the mapping table. If the temperature and humidity value does not completely match the record in the mapping table, the temperature and humidity value is mapped to the closest temperature and humidity value in the mapping table to find the corresponding dew point temperature.

[0062] Then, for each platform, each dew point temperature value in the dew point temperature sequence of that platform is compared with the corresponding external temperature value in the external temperature sequence of the tower, and the difference between the two is calculated to obtain the difference sequence of that platform.

[0063] It should be understood that the difference in the difference sequence is used to characterize the safety margin of the air state inside the platform relative to the external cold source. The smaller the difference, the closer the platform is to the critical state of condensation.

[0064] It is understandable that the preset safety threshold is used to determine whether the platform is in a critical state of condensation. For example, the threshold can be set to 5 degrees Celsius. When a certain difference in the difference sequence is less than the preset safety threshold, it means that the internal environment of the platform is in a condensation warning state at that moment. At this time, the difference can be marked as a warning difference.

[0065] Then, count the number of warning differences marked in the difference sequence of each platform, as well as the total number of difference sequences of that platform, and calculate the ratio of the number of warning differences to the total number. The larger the ratio, the more frequently the internal environment of that platform is on the dangerous edge of high humidity and low temperature during the current control cycle, the more serious the overall condensation tendency, and the greater the condensation risk.

[0066] At the same time, the mean of all warning differences is calculated. The mean of the warning differences is used to characterize the overall safety margin of the platform relative to the condensation critical state within the current control cycle. When the mean of the warning difference is greater than zero, it indicates that condensation has not yet occurred on the current platform, but the safety margin has narrowed. When the mean of the warning difference is less than or equal to zero, it indicates that the current platform is in a state of condensation or that condensation has been ongoing.

[0067] Optionally, the risk intensity can be determined based on the mean of the warning difference, and the condensation probability can be determined based on the ratio of the risk intensity to the warning difference.

[0068] Optionally, when the mean of the warning difference is less than or equal to zero, the risk intensity is set to a preset maximum risk intensity, for example, an empirical value of 50.

[0069] Optionally, when the mean of the warning difference is greater than zero, the risk intensity of each platform level satisfies the following formula: in, Indicates the first The risk intensity of the layer platform Indicates the first The mean of all warning differences in the layer platform; This indicates taking the absolute value.

[0070] Optionally, the condensation probability of each platform layer satisfies the following formula: in, Indicates the first The possibility of condensation on the platform; Indicates the first The number of warning differences marked in the difference sequence of the layer platform; Indicates the first The total number of difference sequences on the layer platform; This indicates the percentage of the warning difference; Indicates the first The risk intensity of the layer platform; This represents a normalization function, such as max-min normalization.

[0071] Optionally, a maximum and minimum value can be preset, when When this occurs, it indicates that no sampling point has entered the warning state, and the current state will be... The minimum value is determined to be 0. The maximum value is 1. The maximum value is 50, therefore, it can be... The maximum value is set to 50.

[0072] Calculated under special circumstances When it is greater than 50, it can be Take 1.

[0073] In this formula, The ratio represents the scope or extent of the impact of condensation risk. The larger the ratio, the wider the coverage of environmental degradation and the greater the likelihood of condensation. The degree or intensity of condensation risk is characterized by multiplying the two, which means that the final condensation probability must be assessed as high only when both the scope of impact and the intensity of risk are present and both are large.

[0074] It should be noted that since the bottom platform is directly exposed to sea surface moisture and is the source of moisture inside the tower, its condensation probability can directly reflect the actual condensation risk of the platform. Therefore, the condensation probability of the bottom platform is directly determined as the internal condensation risk value of the bottom platform.

[0075] S202. When the internal condensation risk value of the underlying platform is greater than the preset interlayer influence threshold, the interlayer influence factor is determined based on the internal condensation risk value of the underlying platform and the preset interlayer influence threshold.

[0076] A preset interlayer impact threshold is used to determine whether the diffusion of moisture in the lower layer is sufficient to significantly affect the upper layer platform. For example, this threshold can be set to 0.7. If the internal condensation risk value of the lower layer platform is greater than the preset interlayer impact threshold, it indicates that the moisture content in the lower layer is high. After a period of diffusion or airflow disturbance, the humidity of the middle and upper layers will also increase, and interlayer correction needs to be initiated.

[0077] For example, the interstratum influence factor can be determined in the following way: in, Indicates the interlayer influence factor. This indicates the internal condensation risk value of the underlying platform; This indicates the preset interlayer influence threshold; This represents the preset correction intensity coefficient, which can be 0.7 for example.

[0078] In this formula, This represents the absolute extent to which the underlying risk exceeds the preset inter-layer impact threshold. This represents the baseline sum of the underlying risk and the preset inter-layer impact threshold, ensuring... The value of is in the range [0, 1). This represents the underlying risk transcendence ratio, which varies with... The rate of transcendence increases monotonically with the increase of the underlying risk, meaning that the higher the underlying risk, the greater the transcendence ratio, which is positively correlated with the final inter-layer impact factor. This indicates the actual correction magnitude. Adding 1 ensures that the interlayer influence factor is always greater than or equal to 1, meaning that the interlayer correction is always an upward correction and will not reduce the risk value. This aligns with the physical law that the upward diffusion of moisture from the lower layers only increases the risk of condensation and does not reduce the risk.

[0079] Optionally, if the internal condensation risk value of the bottom platform is less than or equal to the preset interlayer influence threshold, it indicates that the moisture content of the bottom layer is low and the diffusion of moisture in the bottom layer is insufficient to have a significant impact on the upper platform. In this case, there is no need to calculate the interlayer influence factor, and the condensation probability of each other platform can be directly determined as its own internal condensation risk value.

[0080] S203. Based on the interlayer influence factor, the condensation probability of other platforms besides the bottom platform is corrected to obtain the internal condensation risk value of each other platform.

[0081] Optionally, the condensation probability of other platforms is multiplied by the interlayer influence factor to obtain the internal condensation risk value of each other platform. The corrected internal condensation risk value is greater than the condensation probability before correction, thus more accurately reflecting the actual impact of moisture diffusion from the lower layer on the upper layer platform.

[0082] Optionally, a risk ceiling value can be set. When the product of the condensation probability and the interlayer influence factor is greater than the risk ceiling value, the internal condensation risk value is determined as the risk ceiling value.

[0083] For example, the risk ceiling can be set to 1.0 to ensure that the internal condensation risk value is always within the normalized range.

[0084] This application's embodiments establish a coupling relationship between the condensation risk of the bottom platform and other platforms by introducing an interlayer influence factor. Combined with the moisture diffusion effect in the vertical space inside the tower, the condensation risk assessment of the middle and top platforms can reflect the actual impact of moisture in the bottom layer, significantly improving the accuracy of determining the internal condensation risk value.

[0085] Combination Figure 1 ,like Figure 3 As shown, the degree of influence of the external environment is determined based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower and the changing status of the fan operating parameters within the current control cycle. This can be specifically achieved through S301-S303.

[0086] S301. Based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower within the current control cycle, determine the degree of influence of the external cold source.

[0087] Among them, the degree of influence of external cold source is used to characterize the degree of influence of external cold source on condensation on each platform.

[0088] In one optional implementation, the slope of the change in the external temperature sequence of the tower during the current control cycle can be determined; when the slope is negative and its absolute value is greater than a preset slope threshold, the degree of influence of the external cold source is determined based on the absolute value of the slope and the external temperature of the tower at the current moment; when the slope is positive, or the slope is negative but its absolute value is less than or equal to the preset slope threshold, the degree of influence of the external cold source is determined to be zero.

[0089] Optionally, the external temperature sequence of the tower can be linearly fitted (e.g., least squares fitting) to obtain a straight line of external temperature fluctuation, and then the slope of the change of the straight line of external temperature fluctuation can be obtained.

[0090] Understandably, the preset slope threshold is a safety threshold used to determine whether the external cooling rate has reached a dangerous rate, which can be exemplarily set at 0.7 degrees Celsius per minute. When the slope is negative and its absolute value is greater than the preset slope threshold, it indicates that the external temperature is dropping rapidly and the external cold source is rapidly surrounding the tower. At this point, it is necessary to determine the degree of influence of the external cold source based on the absolute value of the slope and the current external temperature of the tower.

[0091] It should be understood that the degree of influence of the external cold source is positively correlated with the absolute value of the slope of change and negatively correlated with the current external temperature of the tower. That is, the faster the cooling rate and the lower the external temperature, the greater the degree of influence of the external cold source.

[0092] For example, when the slope of the change is negative and its absolute value is greater than a preset slope threshold, the degree of influence of the external cold source can be determined by the following formula: in, Indicates the degree of influence of external cold sources; This indicates the slope of the change in the external temperature sequence of the tower within the current control cycle. When the slope is negative, it specifically refers to the cooling rate. This indicates a preset slope threshold; Indicates and The reference slope in the same unit is 1℃ / min for example; This indicates the current external temperature of the tower. This is the preset minimum value, and its unit is... The same value, 0.01, is used to prevent the denominator from being zero; This represents the normalization of the Sigmoid function, expressed as follows: , express , Indicates the center offset. Indicates the steepness coefficient. and The value can be determined based on historical condensation event data and the desired response bandwidth. Specifically, it involves extracting the control cycle in which each actual condensation event occurred. Distribution, take the median as An example value could be 0.15. The unit is ℃, and the value can be adjusted according to the desired response sensitivity. For example, 20 can be used.

[0093] In this formula, Dimensionless The dimension is 1 / ℃. The dimension is eliminated by a normalization function, and the value is mapped to the range of [0, 1].

[0094] In this formula, This represents the absolute amount by which the cooling rate exceeds the safety threshold. It applies when the absolute value of the slope of change is greater than a preset slope threshold. , The larger, The larger the value, the closer the external temperature is to 0°C, the higher the physical risk of condensation and freezing. Regardless of whether the external temperature is positive or negative, the smaller its absolute value (the closer to 0°C), the greater the influence of the external cold source under the same cooling rate.

[0095] Optionally, when the slope of the change is positive, or when the slope of the change is negative but its absolute value is less than or equal to the preset slope threshold, it indicates that the external temperature is in a stable or rising state, the risk of external cold source intrusion is low, and the degree of influence of external cold source is determined to be zero.

[0096] S302. Determine the degree of influence of the fan heat source based on the changes in the fan operating parameters.

[0097] Among them, the degree of influence of the fan heat source is used to characterize the degree of influence of the fan heat source on the condensation of each platform.

[0098] In one optional implementation, the switching direction and amplitude between the operating gear of the fan in the current control cycle and the operating gear of the previous control cycle can be determined; when the switching direction is from high power operating gear to low power operating gear, the degree of influence of the fan heat source is determined based on the switching amplitude and the external temperature of the tower at the current moment; when the switching direction is from low power operating gear to high power operating gear or the operating gear remains unchanged, the degree of influence of the fan heat source is determined to be zero.

[0099] It should be understood that the switching direction is used to characterize the changing trend of the wind turbine power status, and the switching amplitude is used to characterize the drastic degree of gear change.

[0100] It is understandable that when the switching direction is from high power operation to low power operation, it indicates that the heat source inside the fan is decaying, the temperature inside the tower will drop in a short time, and the risk of condensation will increase sharply. At this time, the degree of influence of the fan heat source can be determined based on the switching range and the current external temperature of the tower.

[0101] It should be understood that the larger the switching range and the closer the external temperature is to 0°C, the faster the internal heat dissipates under the same power reduction range, and the easier it is to approach the condensation critical point. Regardless of whether the external temperature is positive or negative, the smaller its absolute value (the closer it is to 0°C), the greater the impact of the fan's heat source.

[0102] Alternatively, the degree of influence of the fan heat source satisfies the following formula: in, Indicates the degree of influence of the fan heat source; Indicates the range of operation speed switching of the fan. Indicates taking the absolute value; This indicates the current external temperature of the tower. This is the preset minimum value, and its unit is... The value is the same, and is 0.01, used to prevent the denominator from being zero. This represents the normalization of the Sigmoid function. In this formula, the center offset can be 0.2 and the kurtosis coefficient can be 15.

[0103] Optionally, when the switching direction is from low power operation mode to high power operation mode or the operation mode remains unchanged, it indicates that the internal heat source of the fan is increasing or remaining stable, and the internal temperature is rising or remaining unchanged, which is conducive to suppressing condensation formation and confirming that the influence of the fan heat source is zero.

[0104] In this embodiment, the degree of heat source impact is calculated based on the switching range and the current external temperature only when the fan switches from a high-power operating position to a low-power operating position. When the power is increased, the degree of impact is determined to be zero. This fully combines the physical characteristics of the fan as the main heat source inside the tower, and incorporates the high-risk condensation condition of fan shutdown or reduced power operation into the comprehensive risk assessment, effectively preventing condensation events caused by sudden loss of heat source.

[0105] S303. Determine the degree of influence of the external environment based on the degree of influence of the external cold source and the degree of influence of the fan heat source.

[0106] Optionally, the degree of influence from the external cold source and the degree of influence from the fan heat source can be summed and then subjected to maximum-minimum normalization to obtain the degree of influence from the external environment.

[0107] It is understandable that the values ​​of the influence of external cold sources and the influence of fan heat sources are both between 0 and 1, with their maximum and minimum values ​​being 1 and 0, respectively. Therefore, it can be determined that the maximum and minimum values ​​used in the normalization process are 2 and 0, respectively. After normalization, the value range of the influence of external environment is mapped to [0, 1].

[0108] This summation and normalization method can integrate two independent influence dimensions, objectively reflecting the combined promoting effect of external cold sources and fan heat sources on condensation risk.

[0109] The methods provided in S301-S303 above achieve refined quantification of external driving factors of condensation risk by separately assessing the intensity of external cold source intrusion and the degree of heat source attenuation of the fan. This enables the prediction of sudden changes in condensation risk caused by drastic changes in external climate and switching of fan operating status, significantly improving the foresight of the control strategy.

[0110] This application also provides an offshore wind turbine tower device, including a data acquisition module, a risk determination module, and a control module.

[0111] The data acquisition module is used to acquire the external temperature sequence of the tower, the operating parameters of the fan, and the internal environmental parameters of each platform inside the tower during the current control cycle.

[0112] The risk determination module is used to determine the internal condensation risk value of each platform based on the external temperature sequence of the tower and the internal environmental parameters of each platform during the current control cycle.

[0113] The risk assessment module is also used to determine the degree of impact of the external environment based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower and the changing status of the fan operating parameters within the current control cycle.

[0114] The degree of external environmental impact is used to characterize the combined promoting effect of external cold source intrusion and changes in fan heat source on condensation risk.

[0115] The risk determination module is also used to determine the condensation risk assessment index of each platform based on the degree of influence of the external environment and the internal condensation risk value of each platform.

[0116] The condensation risk assessment index is used to characterize the overall condensation risk level of the corresponding platform under the current environmental conditions and operating status.

[0117] The control module is used to generate control commands based on the condensation risk assessment index of each platform. These control commands are used to schedule the environmental regulation actuators of each platform in the tower to perform environmental regulation actions.

[0118] It should be noted that the order of the embodiments described above is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0119] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for environmental control of offshore wind turbine towers, characterized in that, include: Acquire the external temperature sequence of the tower, the operating parameters of the fan, and the internal environmental parameters of each platform inside the tower within the current control cycle; Based on the external temperature sequence of the tower and the internal environmental parameters of each platform during the current control cycle, the internal condensation risk value of each platform is determined. Based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower and the changing status of the fan operating parameters within the current control cycle, the degree of influence of the external environment is determined. The degree of influence of the external environment is used to characterize the combined promoting effect of external cold source intrusion and fan heat source changes on condensation risk. Based on the degree of influence of the external environment and the internal condensation risk value of each platform, a condensation risk assessment index for each platform is determined. The condensation risk assessment index is used to characterize the comprehensive condensation risk level of the corresponding platform under the current environmental conditions and operating status. Control commands are generated based on the condensation risk assessment index of each platform. These control commands are used to schedule the environmental regulation actuators of each platform in the tower to perform environmental regulation actions.

2. The offshore wind turbine tower environmental control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal environmental parameters of each platform include an internal temperature time series and an internal humidity time series. The determination of the internal condensation risk value for each platform, based on the external temperature series of the tower within the current control cycle and the internal environmental parameters of each platform, includes: Based on the internal temperature time series of each platform, the internal humidity time series of each platform, and the external temperature series of the tower, the condensation probability of each platform is determined, and the condensation probability of the bottom platform is determined as the internal condensation risk value of the bottom platform. When the internal condensation risk value of the underlying platform is greater than the preset interlayer impact threshold, the interlayer impact factor is determined based on the internal condensation risk value of the underlying platform and the preset interlayer impact threshold. Based on the interlayer influence factor, the condensation probability of other platforms besides the bottom platform is corrected to obtain the internal condensation risk value of each other platform. If the internal condensation risk value of the underlying platform is less than or equal to the preset inter-layer influence threshold, the condensation probability of each other platform is determined as its own internal condensation risk value.

3. The offshore wind turbine tower environmental control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of condensation probability for each platform, based on the internal temperature time series, internal humidity time series, and external temperature series of each platform, includes: Based on the internal temperature and humidity time series of each platform, the dew point temperature series of each platform is determined. The dew point temperature is the critical temperature at which moisture in the air begins to condense. Determine the difference sequence between the dew point temperature sequence of each platform and the external temperature sequence of the tower, and determine the warning difference value from the difference sequence that is less than a preset safety threshold; Based on the proportion of the aforementioned warning differences and the average of all warning differences, the condensation probability of each platform is determined.

4. The offshore wind turbine tower environmental control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the degree of external environmental influence based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower and the changing status of the fan operating parameters within the current control cycle includes: Based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower during the current control cycle, the degree of influence of the external cold source is determined. The degree of influence of the external cold source is used to characterize the degree of condensation impact of the external cold source on each platform. Based on the changing state of the fan operating parameters, the degree of influence of the fan heat source is determined, and the degree of influence of the fan heat source is used to characterize the degree of condensation influence of the fan heat source on each platform. The degree of influence of the external cold source and the degree of influence of the fan heat source are used to determine the degree of influence of the external environment.

5. The offshore wind turbine tower environmental control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower within the current control cycle, the degree of influence of the external cold source is determined, including: Determine the slope of the change in the external temperature sequence of the tower during the current control cycle; When the slope of the change is negative and its absolute value is greater than the preset slope threshold, the degree of influence of the external cold source is determined based on the absolute value of the slope of the change and the current external temperature of the tower. When the slope of the change is positive, or when the slope of the change is negative but its absolute value is less than or equal to the preset slope threshold, the influence of the external cold source is determined to be zero.

6. The offshore wind turbine tower environmental control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fan operating parameters include the fan's operating speed. Determining the degree of influence of the fan heat source based on the changes in these operating parameters includes: Determine the switching direction and amplitude between the operating level of the fan in the current control cycle and the operating level of the previous control cycle; When the switching direction is from high power operation mode to low power operation mode, the degree of influence of the fan heat source is determined based on the switching amplitude and the current external temperature of the tower. When the switching direction is from low power operation mode to high power operation mode or the operation mode remains unchanged, the influence of the fan heat source is determined to be zero.

7. The offshore wind turbine tower environmental control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control instructions for generating condensation risk assessment indices based on each platform layer include: If the condensation risk assessment index of any platform exceeds the preset risk threshold, a control instruction is generated.

8. The offshore wind turbine tower environmental control method according to claim 7, characterized in that, After generating control instructions based on the condensation risk assessment index of each platform layer, the method further includes: During the execution of environmental regulation actions by environmental regulation implementing agencies, the condensation risk assessment index of the corresponding platform is continuously monitored; If the condensation risk assessment index does not drop below the preset risk threshold within a preset time period, an equipment fault alarm signal will be issued.

9. The method for environmental control of offshore wind turbine towers according to claim 7, characterized in that, The environmental control actuator includes at least two of the following: an electric louver, a salt spray ventilator, an industrial dehumidifier, and an anti-condensation heater. The control command is used to control at least two of the following: opening the electric louver, starting the salt spray ventilator, turning off the industrial dehumidifier, and turning off the anti-condensation heater.

10. An offshore wind turbine tower device, characterized in that, It includes a data acquisition module, a risk assessment module, and a control module; The data acquisition module is used to acquire the external temperature sequence of the tower, the operating parameters of the fan, and the internal environmental parameters of each platform inside the tower within the current control cycle. The risk determination module is used to determine the internal condensation risk value of each platform based on the external temperature sequence of the tower and the internal environmental parameters of each platform within the current control cycle. The risk determination module is also used to determine the degree of influence of the external environment based on the changing trend of the external temperature sequence of the tower and the changing status of the fan operating parameters within the current control cycle. The degree of influence of the external environment is used to characterize the combined promoting effect of external cold source intrusion and fan heat source changes on condensation risk. The risk determination module is also used to determine the condensation risk assessment index of each platform based on the degree of influence of the external environment and the internal condensation risk value of each platform. The condensation risk assessment index is used to characterize the comprehensive condensation risk level of the corresponding platform under the current environmental conditions and operating status. The control module is used to generate control commands based on the condensation risk assessment index of each platform. The control commands are used to schedule the environmental regulation actuators of each platform in the tower to perform environmental regulation actions.

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