Land surveying and mapping device and method of use thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a land surveying and measurement device and its usage method, relating to the field of land surveying technology. It includes a surveying instrument and a tripod assembly and an adjustable toe assembly that provide support for the instrument. The adjustable toe assembly can be switched to adapt to the setup needs of hard and soft ground. The adjustable toe assembly includes a foot spike unit, a rubber foot unit, and a quick-lock unit. This invention, by setting up an adjustable toe assembly, allows for purely foot-based operation: stepping on a second pedal to lower and lock the instrument, and stepping on a linkage deflection component to unlock and reset it. Combined with the fact that the hands only need to lift and lower the support frame, it completely liberates the surveyor's waist. In long-distance operations with frequent terrain changes, it significantly reduces physical exertion. Furthermore, through the linkage structure of the "pedal + quick-lock unit," the lowering and locking or unlocking and resetting of the rubber foot covers can be completed simultaneously within seconds, greatly shortening the instrument setup time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of land surveying technology, specifically a land surveying and measuring device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Land surveying and measurement equipment is a fundamental tool in land surveying, engineering layout, cadastral registration, and other surveying operations. It mainly includes traditional measuring tools such as steel tape measures, optical and electronic instruments such as levels and total stations, satellite positioning equipment such as RTK and handheld GPS devices, and UAV aerial remote sensing platforms. Among these, optical and electronic instruments, represented by total stations, are widely used in scenarios requiring the establishment of high-precision control networks and detailed topographic mapping due to their combined distance and angle measurement functions, high accuracy, and wide applicability. These instruments are erected and supported by a tripod. During erection, the three supporting legs of the tripod must be extended and fixed above the survey station. Then, centering and leveling operations must be performed to ensure that the instrument axis is strictly aligned with the ground survey station before subsequent measurements can be taken.

[0003] In actual land surveying operations, survey routes often traverse various terrain types, frequently requiring measurements to be taken along boundaries extending from concrete roads and asphalt roads to farmland, sand, or grassland. The methods for stabilizing a tripod vary significantly depending on the terrain: on soft surfaces such as farmland, sand, and grassland, metal spikes are inserted deep into the soil, relying on the engagement of the spikes with the soil to prevent the instrument from slowly sinking under its own weight, ensuring a stable elevation benchmark during the measurement process. However, on hard surfaces such as concrete roads, asphalt, and rocks, spikes cannot be inserted and the contact area is extremely small, making slippage and even tipping a significant safety hazard. In such cases, the metal spikes need to be retracted, and rubber pads or base plates should be used to increase friction and achieve stable support. Therefore, surveyors need to frequently switch the tripod's toe working mode according to the hardness of the ground during actual operations.

[0004] Traditional tripod toe switching operations typically require surveyors to bend over, use tools to remove metal foot spikes and replace them with rubber foot pads, or use a rotating sleeve to lower and raise the rubber foot pads. This method has significant inconveniences: each switch requires the surveyor to bend over and manually tighten the locking mechanism. In long-distance surveying operations, each support leg needs to be operated individually, and adjustments are required both during setup and dismount. Tripods for precision instruments such as total stations also require re-alignment and leveling after toe switching, resulting in considerable accumulated operation time. More importantly, frequent bending puts a significant strain on the surveyor's lumbar spine, significantly increasing physical exertion during long-term fieldwork, especially in long-distance surveying tasks that require repeatedly traversing different terrains. Furthermore, in collaborative surveying tasks, if the toe position of one support leg is inconsistent with the others, it may cause the instrument to tilt or shift, affecting measurement accuracy or even damaging the instrument. Traditional methods lack quick confirmation and unified adjustment methods for toe position, further increasing the difficulty of the operation.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a land surveying and measurement device that can quickly switch the tripod toes through simple foot operation, so as to reduce the labor intensity of surveyors, improve the efficiency of setup, and meet the needs of field surveying operations with frequent changes in terrain. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a land surveying and measurement device and its usage method in order to solve the problems mentioned above.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a land surveying and measuring device, comprising a surveying instrument and a tripod assembly for supporting the surveying instrument. The tripod assembly includes a mounting base, a support frame, a connecting sleeve, a telescopic frame, and adjusting bolts. The support frame is provided in three sets and is circumferentially rotatably connected to the periphery of the mounting base. The connecting sleeve is fixed to the bottom end of the support frame. The telescopic frame passes through the upper and lower ends of the connecting sleeve and is slidably connected by a connection. The adjusting bolts are threaded to one side of the connecting sleeve and pass through the connecting sleeve, tightly fitting the telescopic frame to achieve the locking operation of the telescopic frame. An adjustable toe assembly is installed at the bottom of the telescopic frame. The adjustable toe assembly can be switched to adapt to the erection needs of hard and soft ground respectively. The adjustable toe assembly includes a toe spike unit, a rubber foot unit, and a quick-lock unit; The foot spike unit is designed to adapt to the needs of erection on soft ground; The rubber foot unit is designed to accommodate rigid installations. The quick-lock unit is used to lock the rubber foot unit in the downward state, and at the same time realizes the convenient unlocking operation of the rubber foot unit.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the foot spike unit includes a connecting foot base, a metal foot spike, a mating groove, a first pedal, and a first reinforcing rib; The metal feet are fixed to the bottom of the connecting feet, the mating groove is formed on the top of the connecting feet, and the connecting feet are sleeved to the bottom of the telescopic frame by the metal feet. The first pedal is fixed to the top front end face of the connecting foot seat, the first reinforcing rib is fixed between the bottom of the first pedal and the front end face of the connecting foot seat, and a screw hole communicating with the inner cavity of the mating groove is formed at the intersection of the first reinforcing rib and the first pedal. The rear end face of the connecting foot and the telescopic frame are provided with through holes aligned with the screw holes. Bolts are passed through the through holes and threadedly connected to the screw holes and tightened to fix the connecting foot and the telescopic frame. Metal spikes are inserted into the soil to ensure the stable installation of the tripod assembly on soft ground.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the rubber foot unit includes a hard rubber foot cover, a second pedal, a second reinforcing rib, a horizontal mounting slot, a through hole, a horizontal connecting column, a connecting bolt, and a vertical spring; The hard rubber foot cover is vertically slidably sleeved on the outside of the connecting foot seat, the second pedal is fixed to the top front end face of the hard rubber foot cover, and the second reinforcing rib is fixed between the bottom end of the second pedal and the front end face of the hard rubber foot cover. The horizontal mounting slot is opened at the top of one side of the hard rubber foot cover and passes through the hard rubber foot cover to the inside of the other side of the hard rubber foot cover. The through hole is opened at the top of the other side of the hard rubber foot cover and passes through the hard rubber foot cover and communicates with the horizontal mounting slot. A screw hole is provided at the position where the connecting foot is aligned with the horizontal mounting hole groove, and a vertical guide groove is provided in the middle of the screw hole; The horizontal connecting post extends horizontally through the horizontal mounting slot and screw hole from one side of the metal foot nail. The horizontal connecting post and the screw hole are slidably connected. The connecting bolt extends through the through hole from the other side of the metal foot nail and is threadedly connected to the horizontal connecting post and tightened. This is used to assemble and fix the through hole and the hard rubber foot sleeve, as well as to assemble the hard rubber foot sleeve and the connecting foot base. The vertical spring is installed inside the vertical guide groove and presses against the bottom of the horizontal connecting column to provide an upward thrust to the horizontal connecting column, thereby making the bottom of the hard rubber foot cover higher than the metal foot nail. By moving the hard rubber foot cover down and protruding to the bottom of the metal foot nail, the tripod assembly can be stably erected on a hard ground.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the quick-lock unit includes a vertical slot, a horizontal spring, and a side-inverted T-shaped locking block; The vertical slot is opened at the top of the second pedal and passes through the second pedal, the second reinforcing rib and the inside of the hard rubber foot cover; The connecting foot has a horizontal mounting groove below the vertical mounting hole. One end of the horizontal mounting groove extends to the rear end of the connecting foot and is fixed with a fixing back block. The other end of the horizontal mounting groove has a horizontal guide groove extending to the front end of the connecting foot. The horizontal spring and the side-inverted T-shaped locking block are disposed inside the horizontal mounting groove, and the small part of the side-inverted T-shaped locking block extends to the inside of the horizontal guide groove. The horizontal spring is tightly pressed with the large part of the side-inverted T-shaped locking block and the fixed back block. The horizontal spring is used to provide a thrust towards the front end of the side-inverted T-shaped locking block. When the hard rubber foot sleeve moves down to the bottom of the vertical groove, which is lower than the bottom of the horizontal guide groove, the side-inverted T-shaped locking block pops out under the action of the horizontal spring and locks into the inside of the vertical groove to lock the downward movement of the hard rubber foot sleeve.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the quick-lock unit also includes a linkage deflection component; The linkage deflector is rotatably installed inside the vertical slot, and the lower half of the linkage deflector at the center of rotation extends close to the bottom of the vertical slot and fits against the outside of the connecting foot. The upper half of the linkage deflector at the center of rotation extends obliquely close to the upper surface of the second pedal, and the second reinforcing rib is fixed inside the vertical slot with a limiting block that contacts the lower surface of the upper half of the linkage deflector. The side-tilting T-shaped locking block pops out and pushes the linkage deflector to deflect, so that the top of the linkage deflector protrudes from the top of the second pedal. By stepping on the linkage deflector, the side-tilting T-shaped locking block is squeezed to retract, thereby locking the hard rubber foot cover and the connecting foot seat.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the second pedal is located directly below the first pedal and the front end of the second pedal protrudes beyond the front end of the first pedal; The vertical slot is aligned with the first reinforcing rib. When the hard rubber foot is at its highest point, the first reinforcing rib is inserted into the inside of the vertical slot and contacts the linkage deflection component.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the top of the vertical mounting hole groove is connected to the docking groove, and the bottom of the vertical mounting hole groove is lower than the bottom of the vertical guide groove; The inner diameter of the vertical mounting hole is greater than the width of the vertical guide groove, and the outer diameter of the vertical spring matches the inner diameter of the vertical mounting hole.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the overall length of the side-inverted T-shaped locking block is less than the length of the horizontal mounting groove, and the height from the top of the fixed back block to the top of the inner wall of the horizontal mounting groove is greater than the height of the large-size component of the side-inverted T-shaped locking block.

[0015] A method for using a land surveying and measurement device, wherein during the setup of the tripod assembly, the hard rubber foot covers are initially at their highest position, with the bottom of the hard rubber foot covers higher than the metal foot spikes. This allows for direct setup on soft ground using the metal foot spikes. If the ground to be set up is hard, the hard rubber foot covers are switched, as detailed below: Step 1: Step on the part of the second pedal that protrudes from the first pedal with your foot. The second pedal, the hard rubber foot cover, and the horizontal connecting column move down as a whole and compress the vertical spring to contract. Step two: With the hard rubber foot cover in contact with the ground, manually lift the connecting sleeve and telescopic frame corresponding to this adjustable toe assembly slightly upwards, so that the hard rubber foot cover, which is equivalent to the connecting foot seat, moves further downwards. The metal foot nails retract completely into the hard rubber foot cover and separate from the ground. At this time, the side-inverted T-shaped locking block aligns with the bottom of the vertical slot and protrudes and locks into the vertical slot under the elastic force of the horizontal spring, thereby fixing the position of the hard rubber foot cover. At this time, the hard rubber foot cover is in contact with the hard ground. Step 3: The side-tilting T-shaped locking block pops out and pushes the linkage deflection component to deflect, so that the upper part of the linkage deflection component protrudes above the second pedal, and provides a trigger switch for the unlocking and upward movement of the hard rubber foot cover; Step 4: When the tripod assembly is moved to a soft ground, the hard rubber feet that were previously switched to the lowest position need to be moved back to the initial state. At this time, first manually support the support frame, and then step on the second pedal directly with your feet to step on the upper part of the linkage deflection component, causing the linkage deflection component to deflect and squeeze the side T-shaped locking block to retract, thereby achieving the locking state between the side T-shaped locking block and the vertical slot. At this time, slowly release the lifting force on the support frame, and the support frame, metal feet, connecting feet, and metal feet will move down as a whole. Step 5: When the metal foot nail moves down to contact the ground, the stepping on the second pedal is released, and the second pedal, hard rubber foot cover, and horizontal connecting column as a whole move up to reset to the initial state under the elastic force of the vertical spring. Step six: After the hard rubber foot cover is reset, step on the first pedal to insert the metal foot nail into the soil of the soft ground.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Purely foot-operated switching eliminates back strain for surveyors. This invention utilizes a second pedal and a quick-lock unit in tandem. Surveyors simply step on the second pedal to lower the hard rubber foot cover, and stepping on the linkage deflector releases the lock, automatically resetting with the help of a vertical spring. The entire switching process requires no bending or manual tightening of any fasteners; the only necessary actions are lifting the support frame when locking and lowering it when unlocking. Compared to traditional methods that require bending or manually rotating the sleeve, this invention significantly reduces physical exertion and the risk of back strain for surveyors during long-distance surveying operations with frequent terrain changes.

[0017] 2. The switching operation is highly efficient and quick, significantly reducing setup time. This invention utilizes a structural design of "pedal-driven downward movement + spring-loaded automatic reset," combined with the instant locking of the quick-lock unit and the one-button unlocking of the linkage deflection component. This allows the downward locking or unlocking reset of the hard rubber foot covers to be completed within seconds. Furthermore, the three support legs can be operated independently and quickly without any auxiliary tools. Compared to traditional solutions that require individual tightening of bolts or rotation of sleeves, this significantly reduces the time required to switch tripod setup modes between different ground types, improving the overall efficiency of field surveying operations.

[0018] 3. Clear locking and unlocking states enhance operational safety. In this invention, when the hard rubber foot cover switches to the downward position, the side-tilting T-shaped locking block pops out and engages with the vertical slot, pushing the upper half of the linkage deflection component to protrude from the upper surface of the second pedal, forming a clear tactile and visual indication. Surveyors can perceive the current mode status of their toes without bending over to observe. Simultaneously, when the hard rubber foot cover is in its highest position, the first reinforcing rib inserts into the vertical slot and contacts the linkage deflection component, limiting the linkage deflection component and preventing loosening or deflection during transportation and walking, ensuring the reliability of the device in non-use mode.

[0019] 4. The usage method has a clear logic and is highly compatible with the device structure. This invention also provides a usage method that matches the above-mentioned device. This method uses the initial high position of the hard rubber foot cover as a reference and switches the toes according to the cyclical logic of "stepping down → lifting and locking → stepping to unlock → putting down and resetting". The steps are closely connected and the cause-and-effect relationship is clear. Surveyors only need to follow the stepping and lifting / putting sequence to complete the switching without additional judgment or adjustment, which reduces the probability of human error and allows the structural advantages of the device to be fully utilized in actual operation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hard rubber foot cover of the present invention in the upward state; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hard rubber foot cover of the present invention in the downward state; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the location at point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the hard rubber foot sleeve of the present invention in its lowered state; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the hard rubber foot sleeve of the present invention in its upward-moving state; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional exploded view of the internal structure of the connecting foot of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the hard rubber foot cover of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a side view of the hard rubber foot sleeve of the present invention without the horizontal connecting post installed.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Surveying instrument; 2. Tripod assembly; 201. Mounting base; 202. Support frame; 203. Connecting sleeve; 204. Telescopic frame; 205. Adjusting bolt; 3. Adjustable toe assembly; 301. Connecting foot; 302. Metal foot spike; 303. Connecting groove; 304. First footplate; 305. First reinforcing rib; 306. Screw hole; 307. Vertical guide groove; 308. Vertical mounting hole groove; 309. Water... 310. Horizontal guide groove; 311. Fixed back block; 312. Hard rubber foot cover; 313. Second pedal; 314. Second reinforcing rib; 315. Vertical groove; 316. Limiting block; 317. Horizontal mounting hole groove; 318. Through hole; 319. Horizontal connecting column; 320. Connecting bolt; 321. Vertical spring; 322. Horizontal spring; 323. Side-tilting T-shaped locking block; 324. Linkage deflection component. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," and "set up" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The following describes embodiments of the invention based on its overall structure.

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 9 In this embodiment of the invention, a land surveying and measuring device includes a surveying instrument 1 and a tripod assembly 2 that provides support for the surveying instrument 1. The tripod assembly 2 includes a mounting base 201, a support frame 202, a connecting sleeve 203, a telescopic frame 204, and an adjusting bolt 205. The support frame 202 is provided with three sets and is circumferentially rotatably connected to the periphery of the mounting base 201. The connecting sleeve 203 is fixed to the bottom end of the support frame 202. The telescopic frame 204 passes through the upper and lower ends of the connecting sleeve 203 and is slidably connected to the telescopic frame 204 through the connection. The adjusting bolt 205 is threaded to one side of the connecting sleeve 203 and passes through the connecting sleeve 203 and is tightly fitted to the telescopic frame 204 to realize the locking operation of the telescopic frame 204. An adjustable toe assembly 3 is installed at the bottom of the telescopic frame 204. The adjustable toe assembly 3 can be switched to adapt to the erection needs of hard and soft ground respectively.

[0025] The adjustable toe assembly 3 includes a toe spike unit, a rubber foot unit, and a quick-lock unit; the toe spike unit is used to adapt to the erection needs on soft ground; the rubber foot unit is used to adapt to the erection needs on hard ground.

[0026] The quick-lock unit is used to lock the rubber foot unit in its lowered state and simultaneously enable convenient unlocking of the rubber foot unit. The foot spike unit includes a connecting foot base 301, a metal foot spike 302, a mating groove 303, a first pedal 304, and a first reinforcing rib 305. The metal foot spike 302 is fixed to the bottom end of the connecting foot base 301, and the mating groove 303 is formed on the top of the connecting foot base 301. The connecting foot base 301 is sleeved onto the bottom of the telescopic frame 204 via the metal foot spike 302. The first pedal 304 is fixed to the top front face of the connecting foot base 301, and the first reinforcing rib 305 is fixed between the bottom of the first pedal 304 and the front face of the connecting foot base 301. A screw hole 306 communicating with the inner cavity of the mating groove 303 is formed at the intersection of the first reinforcing rib 305 and the first pedal 304. The rear end face of the connecting foot 301 and the telescopic frame 204 are provided with through holes aligned with the screw holes 306. Bolts are passed through the through holes and threadedly connected to the screw holes 306 and tightened to fix the connecting foot 301 and the telescopic frame 204. Metal foot nails 302 are inserted into the soil to ensure the stable erection of the tripod assembly 2 on soft ground.

[0027] The rubber foot unit includes a hard rubber foot sleeve 312, a second pedal 313, a second reinforcing rib 314, a horizontal mounting slot 317, a through hole 318, a horizontal connecting post 319, a connecting bolt 320, and a vertical spring 321. The hard rubber foot sleeve 312 is vertically slidably sleeved on the outside of the connecting foot base 301. The second pedal 313 is fixed to the top front face of the hard rubber foot sleeve 312. The second reinforcing rib 314 is fixed between the bottom end of the second pedal 313 and the front face of the hard rubber foot sleeve 312. The horizontal mounting slot 317 is opened at the top of one side of the hard rubber foot sleeve 312 and extends through the hard rubber foot sleeve 312 to the inside of the other side of the hard rubber foot sleeve 312. The through hole 318 is opened at the other side of the hard rubber foot sleeve 312. The top of one side of the hard rubber foot sleeve 312 is connected to the horizontal mounting hole 317; the connecting foot 301 is provided with a screw hole 306 at the position where it is aligned with the horizontal mounting hole 317, and a vertical guide groove 307 is provided in the middle of the screw hole 306; the horizontal connecting post 319 extends horizontally from one side of the metal foot nail 302 through the horizontal mounting hole 317 and the screw hole 306, and the horizontal connecting post 319 and the screw hole 306 are slidably connected; the connecting bolt 320 extends from the other side of the metal foot nail 302 through the through hole 318 and is threadedly connected to the horizontal connecting post 319 and tightened, so as to realize the assembly and fixation of the through hole 318 and the hard rubber foot sleeve 312, and the assembly of the hard rubber foot sleeve 312 and the connecting foot 301.

[0028] The vertical spring 321 is installed inside the vertical guide groove 307 and presses against the bottom of the horizontal connecting column 319 to provide an upward thrust to the horizontal connecting column 319, thereby making the bottom of the hard rubber foot cover 312 higher than the metal foot nail 302. By moving the hard rubber foot cover 312 down and protruding to the bottom of the metal foot nail 302, the tripod assembly 2 is stably erected on a hard ground.

[0029] The quick-lock unit includes a vertical slot 315, a horizontal spring 322, and a side-tilted T-shaped locking block 323. The vertical slot 315 is opened at the top of the second pedal 313 and passes through the second pedal 313, the second reinforcing rib 314, and extends to the inside of the hard rubber foot cover 312. The connecting foot 301 has a horizontal mounting groove 309 located below the vertical mounting hole groove 308. One end of the horizontal mounting groove 309 extends to the rear end of the connecting foot 301 and is fixed with a fixing back block 311. The other end of the horizontal mounting groove 309 has a horizontal guide groove 310 extending to the front end of the connecting foot 301.

[0030] A horizontal spring 322 and a side-tilted T-shaped locking block 323 are disposed inside the horizontal mounting groove 309, and the small part of the side-tilted T-shaped locking block 323 extends to the inside of the horizontal guide groove 310. The horizontal spring 322 is tightly pressed against the large part of the side-tilted T-shaped locking block 323 and the fixed back block 311. The horizontal spring 322 is used to provide a thrust towards the front end of the side-tilted T-shaped locking block 323.

[0031] When the hard rubber foot cover 312 moves down to the bottom of the vertical slot 315, which is lower than the bottom of the horizontal guide slot 310, the side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323 pops out and locks into the inside of the vertical slot 315 under the elastic force of the horizontal spring 322, so as to lock the downward movement of the hard rubber foot cover 312.

[0032] The quick-lock unit also includes a linkage deflector 324; the linkage deflector 324 is rotatably mounted inside the vertical slot 315, and the lower half of the linkage deflector 324 at the center of rotation extends close to the bottom of the vertical slot 315 and fits against the outside of the connecting foot 301. The upper half of the linkage deflector 324 at the center of rotation extends obliquely close to the upper surface of the second pedal 313, and the second reinforcing rib 314 is fixed inside the vertical slot 315 with a limiting block 316 that contacts the lower surface of the upper half of the linkage deflector 324.

[0033] The side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323 pops out and pushes the linkage deflector 324 to deflect so that the top of the linkage deflector 324 protrudes from the top of the second pedal 313. By stepping on the linkage deflector 324, the side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323 is squeezed to retract, thereby achieving the locking between the hard rubber foot cover 312 and the connecting foot seat 301.

[0034] A method for using a land surveying and measurement device: During the setup of the tripod assembly 2, the hard rubber foot covers 312 are initially at their highest position, with the bottom of the hard rubber foot covers 312 higher than the metal foot spikes 302. The metal foot spikes 302 allow for direct setup on soft ground. If the setup surface is hard, the hard rubber foot covers 312 are switched, as detailed below: Step 1: Step on the part of the second pedal 313 that protrudes from the first pedal 304 with your foot. The second pedal 313, the hard rubber foot cover 312, and the horizontal connecting column 319 move down as a whole and compress the vertical spring 321 to retract. Step 2: With the hard rubber foot cover 312 in contact with the ground, manually lift the connecting sleeve 203 and telescopic frame 204 corresponding to this adjustable toe assembly 3 slightly upwards, so that the hard rubber foot cover 312, which is equivalent to the connecting foot seat 301, moves further downwards. The metal foot nail 302 retracts completely into the hard rubber foot cover 312 and separates from the ground. At this time, the side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323 aligns with the bottom of the vertical slot 315 and protrudes and locks into the vertical slot 315 under the elastic force of the horizontal spring 322, thereby fixing the position of the hard rubber foot cover 312. At this time, the hard rubber foot cover 312 is in contact with the hard ground. Step 3: The side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323 pops out and pushes the linkage deflector 324 to deflect, so that the upper part of the linkage deflector 324 protrudes above the second pedal 313, and provides a trigger switch for the unlocking and upward movement of the hard rubber foot cover 312. Step 4: When the tripod assembly 2 is moved to a soft ground, the hard rubber foot covers 312, which were originally switched to the lowest position, need to be moved back to the initial state. At this time, first manually support the support frame 202, and then step on the second pedal 313 directly with your feet to step on the upper part of the linkage deflector 324, so that the linkage deflector 324 deflects and squeezes the side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323 to retract, thereby achieving the locking state between the side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323 and the vertical slot 315. At this time, slowly release the lifting force on the support frame 202, and the support frame 202, metal foot spikes 302, connecting foot base 301, and metal foot spikes 302 move down as a whole. Step 5: When the metal foot nail 302 moves down to contact the ground, the stepping on the second pedal 313 is released. The second pedal 313, the hard rubber foot cover 312, and the horizontal connecting column 319 move up to return to their initial state under the elastic force of the vertical spring 321. Step six: After the hard rubber foot cover 312 is reset, step on the first pedal 304 to insert the metal foot nail 302 into the soil of the soft ground.

[0035] In this embodiment, it should be noted that: the surveying instrument 1 is a commonly used optical surveying electronic instrument (such as a level, theodolite, or total station), and the tripod assembly 2 is a commercially available general-purpose surveying tripod. The connection structure between the surveying instrument 1 and the mounting base 201, as well as the leveling structure of the mounting base 201, are all existing technical structures. Therefore, they will not be described in detail here.

[0036] When using this tripod assembly 2, stability can be achieved by switching between hard and soft surfaces using the adjustable toe assembly 3. Hard ground: The hard rubber feet 312 are in contact with the ground, and the metal spikes 302 are stored inside the hard rubber feet 312. The hard rubber feet 312 have a large contact area with the ground, which can greatly increase the friction with the ground and make the tripod assembly 2 stand more stably. Soft ground: The hard rubber foot cover 312 moves upward and the metal foot nail 302 is inserted into the soil. At the same time, as the metal foot nail 302 goes deeper, the hard rubber foot cover 312 finally contacts the ground. This can effectively prevent the instrument from slowly sinking due to its own weight during measurement and ensure accurate readings.

[0037] In the above operation, the steps for moving the hard rubber foot cover 312 downward are as follows: step on the second pedal 313 to move the hard rubber foot cover 312 downward → when the hard rubber foot cover 312 contacts the ground, manually pull up the support frame 202 → the side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323 pops out and engages in the vertical slot 315, and squeezes and pushes the linkage deflection tip 324 to rotate, and the upper half of the linkage deflection part 324 protrudes out of the second pedal 313 → release the step on the second pedal 313.

[0038] The steps for resetting the hard rubber foot cover 312 are as follows: Step on the second pedal 313 and the upper half of the linkage deflector 324 → The upper half of the linkage deflector 324 deflects downward and is stored in the vertical slot 315, and the lower half of the linkage deflector 324 deflects upward and presses the side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323 to retract and release the lock with the vertical slot 315 → Manually and slowly lower the support frame 202 so that the metal foot nail 302 contacts the ground → Release the step on the second pedal 313, and the hard rubber foot cover 312 resets and moves upward under the elastic force of the vertical spring 321.

[0039] Thus, the entire operation does not require bending over; one only needs to step on the pedal, lift or lower the support frame 202. The operation is simple, convenient and efficient, and can be well adapted to surveying operations with frequent changes in terrain.

[0040] Please refer to this carefully. Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The second pedal 313 is located directly below the first pedal 304 and the front end of the second pedal 313 protrudes from the front end of the first pedal 304; the vertical slot 315 is aligned with the first reinforcing rib 305; when the hard rubber foot cover 312 is at its highest point, the first reinforcing rib 305 is inserted into the inner side of the vertical slot 315 and contacts the linkage deflection component 324.

[0041] In this embodiment: the structure of the second pedal 313 protruding from the first pedal 304 facilitates the independent use of the second pedal 313 without interfering with the first pedal 304; the first reinforcing rib 305 is inserted into the inner side of the vertical slot 315 and contacts the linkage deflector 324, cooperating with the lower surface of the upper half of the linkage deflector 324 to fit against the limiting block 316 (e.g. Figure 6 This can achieve state limit of the linkage deflection component 324, and prevent the linkage deflection component 324 from becoming loose or deflected during daily transportation and transfer.

[0042] Additionally, it should be noted that the upper half of the limiting block 316 has a greater weight than the lower half. That is, when the tripod assembly 2 is in the erected state, the limiting block 316 can be naturally stored in the vertical slot 315 under the action of the upper half's weight.

[0043] Please refer to this carefully. Figures 5 to 9 The top of the vertical mounting hole 308 is connected to the mating groove 303, and the bottom of the vertical mounting hole 308 is lower than the bottom of the vertical guide groove 307; the inner diameter of the vertical mounting hole 308 is greater than the width of the vertical guide groove 307, and the outer diameter of the vertical spring 321 matches the inner diameter of the vertical mounting hole 308; the overall length of the side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323 is less than the length of the horizontal mounting groove 309, and the height from the top of the fixed back block 311 to the top of the inner wall of the horizontal mounting groove 309 is greater than the height of the large-size component of the side-tilting T-shaped locking block 323.

[0044] In this embodiment: the vertical guide groove 307 is positioned lower than the bottom of the screw hole 306, and the inner diameter of the vertical guide groove 307 is greater than the width of the screw hole 306, and the outer diameter of the vertical spring 321 matches the inner diameter of the vertical guide groove 307, thus enabling the vertical spring 321 to be positioned and installed; the vertical mounting hole groove 308 is connected to the docking groove 303, thus facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the vertical spring 321; the overall length of the side-tilted T-shaped locking block 323 is less than the length of the horizontal mounting groove 309, and the height from the top of the fixed back block 311 to the top of the inner wall of the horizontal mounting groove 309 is greater than the height of the large-size component of the side-tilted T-shaped locking block 323, thus facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the side-tilted T-shaped locking block 323 and the horizontal mounting groove 309.

[0045] In addition, the detachable structure of the connecting foot 301 and the telescopic frame 204, as well as the detachable connection structure of the horizontal connecting column 319 and the hard rubber foot sleeve 312, enables the easy assembly and disassembly of the adjustable component 3, and each part can be replaced independently, which facilitates later maintenance operations.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A land surveying and measuring device, comprising a surveying instrument (1) and a tripod assembly (2) providing support for the surveying instrument (1), the tripod assembly (2) comprising a mounting base (201), a support frame (202), a connecting sleeve (203), a telescopic frame (204), and an adjusting bolt (205), wherein the support frame (202) is provided in three sets and circumferentially rotatably connected to the periphery of the mounting base (201), the connecting sleeve (203) is fixed to the bottom end of the support frame (202), the telescopic frame (204) passes through the upper and lower ends of the connecting sleeve (203) and is slidably connected by a connection, and the adjusting bolt (205) is threaded to one side of the connecting sleeve (203) and passes through the connecting sleeve (203) and is tightly fitted with the telescopic frame (204) to realize the locking operation of the telescopic frame (204), characterized in that, The bottom of the telescopic frame (204) is equipped with an adjustable toe assembly (3), which can be switched to adapt to the erection needs of hard and soft ground respectively. The adjustable toe assembly (3) includes a foot spike unit, a rubber foot unit, and a quick-lock unit; The foot spike unit is designed to adapt to the needs of erection on soft ground; The rubber foot unit is designed to accommodate rigid installations. The quick-lock unit is used to lock the rubber foot unit in the downward state, and at the same time realizes the convenient unlocking operation of the rubber foot unit.

2. The land surveying and measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The foot spike unit includes a connecting foot base (301), a metal foot spike (302), a docking groove (303), a first pedal (304), and a first reinforcing rib (305); The metal foot nail (302) is fixed to the bottom of the connecting foot (301), the docking groove (303) is formed on the top of the connecting foot (301), and the connecting foot (301) is sleeved on the bottom of the telescopic frame (204) by the metal foot nail (302); The first pedal (304) is fixed to the top front end face of the connecting foot (301), the first reinforcing rib (305) is fixed between the bottom of the first pedal (304) and the front end face of the connecting foot (301), and a screw hole (306) communicating with the inner cavity of the mating groove (303) is formed at the intersection of the first reinforcing rib (305) and the first pedal (304). The connecting foot (301) and the telescopic frame (204) are provided with through holes aligned with the screw hole (306). Bolts are passed through the through holes and threadedly connected to the screw hole (306) and tightened to fix the connecting foot (301) and the telescopic frame (204). Metal spikes (302) are inserted into the soil to achieve stable erection of the tripod assembly (2) on soft ground.

3. A land surveying and measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rubber foot unit includes a hard rubber foot cover (312), a second pedal (313), a second reinforcing rib (314), a horizontal mounting slot (317), a through hole (318), a horizontal connecting column (319), a connecting bolt (320), and a vertical spring (321). The hard rubber foot cover (312) is vertically slidably sleeved on the outside of the connecting foot seat (301), the second pedal (313) is fixed to the top front end face of the hard rubber foot cover (312), and the second reinforcing rib (314) is fixed between the bottom end of the second pedal (313) and the front end face of the hard rubber foot cover (312). The horizontal mounting slot (317) is opened at the top of one side of the hard rubber foot cover (312) and passes through the hard rubber foot cover (312) to the inside of the other side of the hard rubber foot cover (312). The through hole (318) is opened at the top of the other side of the hard rubber foot cover (312) and passes through the hard rubber foot cover (312) and communicates with the horizontal mounting slot (317). A screw hole (306) is provided at the position where the connecting foot (301) is aligned with the horizontal mounting hole (317), and a vertical guide groove (307) is provided in the middle of the screw hole (306). The horizontal connecting post (319) extends horizontally through the horizontal mounting slot (317) and screw hole (306) from one side of the metal foot nail (302). The horizontal connecting post (319) and screw hole (306) are slidably connected. The connecting bolt (320) extends through the through hole (318) from the other side of the metal foot nail (302) and is threadedly connected to the horizontal connecting post (319) and tightened. This is used to assemble and fix the through hole (318) and hard rubber foot sleeve (312) and the hard rubber foot sleeve (312) and connecting foot base (301). The vertical spring (321) is installed inside the vertical guide groove (307) and presses against the bottom of the horizontal connecting column (319) to provide an upward thrust to the horizontal connecting column (319), thereby making the bottom of the hard rubber foot cover (312) higher than the metal foot nail (302). By moving the hard rubber foot cover (312) down and protruding to the bottom of the metal foot nail (302), the tripod assembly (2) is stably erected on a hard ground.

4. A land surveying and measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The quick-lock unit includes a vertical slot (315), a horizontal spring (322), and a side-inverted T-shaped locking block (323). The vertical slot (315) is opened at the top of the second pedal (313) and passes through the second pedal (313), the second reinforcing rib (314) and extends to the inside of the hard rubber foot cover (312); The connecting foot (301) has a horizontal mounting groove (309) located below the vertical mounting hole (308) inside. One end of the horizontal mounting groove (309) extends through to the rear end of the connecting foot (301) and is fixed with a fixing back block (311). The other end of the horizontal mounting groove (309) has a horizontal guide groove (310) extending through to the front end of the connecting foot (301). The horizontal spring (322) and the side-inverted T-shaped locking block (323) are disposed inside the horizontal mounting groove (309), and the small part of the side-inverted T-shaped locking block (323) extends to the inside of the horizontal guide groove (310). The horizontal spring (322) is tightly pressed with the large part of the side-inverted T-shaped locking block (323) and the fixed back block (311). The horizontal spring (322) is used to provide a thrust towards the front end of the side-inverted T-shaped locking block (323). When the hard rubber foot cover (312) moves down to the bottom of the vertical slot (315) and is lower than the bottom of the horizontal guide slot (310), the side-tilted T-shaped locking block (323) pops out and locks into the inside of the vertical slot (315) under the elastic force of the horizontal spring (322), so as to lock the downward movement of the hard rubber foot cover (312).

5. A land surveying and measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The quick-lock unit also includes a linkage deflector (324). The linkage deflector (324) is rotatably mounted inside the vertical slot (315), and the lower half of the linkage deflector (324) at the center of rotation extends close to the bottom of the vertical slot (315) and fits against the outside of the connecting foot (301). The upper half of the linkage deflector (324) at the center of rotation extends obliquely close to the upper surface of the second pedal (313), and the second reinforcing rib (314) is fixed with a limiting block (316) that contacts the lower surface of the upper half of the linkage deflector (324) inside the vertical slot (315). The side-tilting T-shaped locking block (323) pops out and pushes the linkage deflector (324) to deflect so that the top of the linkage deflector (324) protrudes from the top of the second pedal (313). By stepping on the linkage deflector (324), the side-tilting T-shaped locking block (323) is squeezed to retract, thereby achieving the locking between the hard rubber foot cover (312) and the connecting foot seat (301).

6. A land surveying and measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second pedal (313) is located directly below the first pedal (304) and the front end of the second pedal (313) protrudes from the front end of the first pedal (304); The vertical slot (315) is aligned with the first reinforcing rib (305). When the hard rubber foot sleeve (312) is at its highest point, the first reinforcing rib (305) is inserted into the inside of the vertical slot (315) and contacts the linkage deflection component (324).

7. A land surveying and measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical mounting slot (308) The top is connected to the docking groove (303), and the bottom of the vertical mounting hole groove (308) is lower than the bottom of the vertical guide groove (307); The inner diameter of the vertical mounting slot (308) is greater than the width of the vertical guide slot (307), and the outer diameter of the vertical spring (321) matches the inner diameter of the vertical mounting slot (308).

8. A land surveying and measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The overall length of the side-inverted T-shaped locking block (323) is less than the length of the horizontal mounting groove (309), and the height from the top of the fixed back block (311) to the top of the inner wall of the horizontal mounting groove (309) is greater than the height of the large-sized component of the side-inverted T-shaped locking block (323).

9. A method of using a land surveying and measuring device employing any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, During the setup of the tripod assembly (2), the hard rubber foot cover (312) is initially at its highest position. At this time, the bottom of the hard rubber foot cover (312) is higher than the metal foot spike (302). The metal foot spike (302) can be used directly for setup on soft ground. If the setup ground is hard ground, the hard rubber foot cover (312) is switched. The specific operation is as follows: Step 1: Step on the part of the second pedal (313) that protrudes from the first pedal (304) with your foot. The second pedal (313), the hard rubber foot cover (312), and the horizontal connecting column (319) move down as a whole and compress the vertical spring (321) to retract. Step 2: The hard rubber foot cover (312) contacts the ground. Manually lift the connecting sleeve (203) and telescopic frame (204) corresponding to this adjustable toe assembly (3) slightly upwards, so that the hard rubber foot cover (312) is equivalent to the connecting foot seat (301) moving further downwards. The metal foot nail (302) is completely retracted into the hard rubber foot cover (312) and separated from the ground. At this time, the side-tilted T-shaped locking block (323) is aligned with the bottom of the vertical slot (315) and protrudes into the vertical slot (315) under the elastic force of the horizontal spring (322), thereby fixing the position of the hard rubber foot cover (312). At this time, the hard rubber foot cover (312) contacts the hard ground. Step 3: The side-tilting T-shaped locking block (323) pops out and pushes the linkage deflector (324) to deflect, so that the upper part of the linkage deflector (324) protrudes above the second pedal (313), and provides a trigger switch for the unlocking and upward movement of the hard rubber foot cover (312); Step 4: When the tripod assembly (2) is moved to a soft ground, the hard rubber foot cover (312) that was originally switched to the lowest position needs to be moved up to the initial state. At this time, first manually support the support frame (202), and then step on the second pedal (313) directly with your foot and step on the upper part of the linkage deflection part (324) to deflect the linkage deflection part (324) and squeeze the side T-shaped locking block (323) to retract, so as to achieve the locking state of the side T-shaped locking block (323) and the vertical slot (315). At this time, slowly release the lifting force on the support frame (202), and the support frame (202), metal foot nail (302), connecting foot base (301), and metal foot nail (302) move down as a whole. Step 5: When the metal foot nail (302) moves down to contact the ground, the stepping on the second pedal (313) is released. The second pedal (313), the hard rubber foot cover (312), and the horizontal connecting column (319) move up to reset to the initial state under the elastic force of the vertical spring (321). Step six: After the hard rubber foot cover (312) is reset, step on the first pedal (304) to insert the metal foot nail (302) into the soil of the soft ground.

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