An electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis

Abstract

This invention discloses an electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis. The invention relates to the field of thermoelectric exchange technology for heat source batteries, and includes a waste heat recovery module, a TGC module, a RED module, and a power output module. The waste heat recovery module absorbs waste heat and transfers it to the TGC module, while simultaneously recording the total amount of waste heat to obtain the total input heat. This invention achieves power generation by adding a thermosensitive material to the TGC electrolyte, which combines with specific ions to form ion solutions with high and low ion concentrations, and pumping these solutions into the RED module. The ion solution after the reaction in the RED module is completed is then pumped back to the TGC, allowing ions to reach the positive electrode more quickly for further reaction, thus improving the redox reaction rate of the battery. This invention achieves joint power generation by the TGC and RED modules. The solution after power generation in the RED module is returned to the TGC module, promoting ion transfer within the TGC module, fully developing the potential for thermoelectric power generation, and further improving the power output of waste heat thermoelectric power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermoelectric exchange technology for heat source batteries, specifically to an electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis. Background Technology

[0002] A thermoelectric cell (TGC) is a battery driven by a spatial temperature difference. It generates a temperature gradient by applying different temperatures to two symmetrical electrodes. Based on the pyrogen effect, a potential difference is achieved. The oxidation reaction releases electrons to one electrode, while the reduction reaction absorbs electrons from the other electrode. Thus, the electrons flowing between the two electrodes and the ions moving in the battery form a closed loop that can generate continuous electrical energy. Reverse electrodialysis (RED) systems utilize the salinity difference between high- or low-ion solutions to generate electricity. These systems consist of several cation and anion exchange membranes (CEMs), feed chambers between the ion exchange membranes, and electrode chambers with an electrode on each side. The cation exchange membranes (CEMs) are permeable only to positive ions, while the anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are permeable only to negative ions. By stacking multiple CEMs and AEMs and alternately supplying high-concentration and low-concentration salt solutions to the chambers between these membranes, membrane voltage accumulates. The overall voltage of the reverse electrodialysis stack is proportional to the number of cell units. One cell unit consists of a CEM, a high-concentration chamber, an AEM, and a low-concentration chamber. When an external load is connected to the electrodes, ions are pumped from the high-salt solution into the low-salt solution, and the ion current is converted into current at the electrodes. This transfer process continues until the concentrations in the high- or low-concentration chambers are equal. Since the positive and negative electrodes of the TGC undergo opposite redox reactions, the oxidation reaction produces ions, which are then reduced by the reduction reaction. However, the flow of ions inside the TGC is slow, which affects the oxidation / reduction reaction rate of the TGC and limits its power generation to a certain extent. This leads to problems such as incomplete utilization of waste heat and energy waste. Therefore, its efficiency in heat energy collection still needs to be further improved. At the same time, for RED, if the ion solution in the high or low concentration compartment is not replenished, recycling cannot be achieved. To address this, we propose an electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system that combines reverse electrodialysis. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system that combines reverse electrodialysis to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis, comprising a waste heat recovery module, a TGC module, a RED module, and an energy output module; The waste heat recovery module is used to absorb waste heat and transfer it to the TGC module, while recording the total amount of waste heat to obtain the total input heat. The TGC module includes positive and negative symmetrical electrode units and TGC electrolyte, which are used to generate ions of different concentrations. The RED module, comprising compartment one and compartment two, is used to generate ion energy; The power output module is used to receive the electrical energy generated by the salinity difference and output it, while calculating the power generation efficiency of generating electricity using the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment.

[0005] As a further aspect of the present invention: after receiving residual heat, the TGC electrolyte will undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction to generate ions. When a thermosensitive material is added to the TGC electrolyte, the cold end of the thermosensitive material will combine with the ions to form a complex. When the thermosensitive material is at the hot end, the complex will separate back into the thermosensitive material and ions, promoting the oxidation-reduction reaction at both ends of the TGC electrolyte and forming a high-concentration ion solution and a low-concentration ion solution with a salinity difference at the hot and cold ends of the TGC electrolyte. The RED module is connected to the TGC module via a conduit. The received high-concentration ion solution and low-concentration ion solution are then injected into compartment 1 and compartment 2, respectively. The high-concentration and low-concentration ion solutions generate electricity in compartment 1 and compartment 2 due to the salinity difference. This continues until the concentrations of the high-concentration and low-concentration ion solutions in compartment 1 and compartment 2 are equal, resulting in a uniformly concentrated ion solution. This uniformly concentrated ion solution is then pumped into the positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit to continue participating in the redox reaction.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the waste heat recovery module includes a heat exchange device, which is composed of heat exchange plates for receiving heat transferred from the waste heat collection module.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit includes positive and negative symmetrical electrodes, and the positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit contains a heat storage medium inside. The heat storage medium is used to store heat, so that the positive and negative symmetrical electrodes have a stable temperature difference, and their temperature information is collected, and the continuous output of electrical energy is achieved by utilizing the pyrogen effect.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the ion transfer process starts at the negative end of the high-concentration ions, passes through the conduit device—the first compartment of RED, the low-concentration ions pass through the conduit—the second compartment of RED, and the ion solution after the reaction passes through the conduit device—the middle position of the positive and negative electrodes of TGC—the positive end of the reaction ions.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: when the RED module pumps an ion solution of uniform concentration into the positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit, it will pump the ion solution of uniform concentration into the middle position of the positive and negative symmetrical electrode. The RED module is located outside the TGC module, and the specific placement method is that its upper and lower midpoints are flush with the midpoint of the TGC module, and the conjugate can fall freely under the action of gravity.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: when the power output module outputs power, it extracts temperature information, plots a temperature change graph based on the temperature information, extracts peak and valley temperature information from the temperature change graph, obtains thermoelectric figure of merit information, and calculates average temperature information. Let the power generation efficiency formula be... ;

[0011] The power generation efficiency is calculated based on the above formula, where This is peak temperature information. It is the valley temperature information. The thermoelectric figure of merit, i.e., the amount of electricity generated by the material. for:

[0012] The power generation of the material is calculated using the above formula. .

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: after calculating the power generation from the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment, the power output module needs to collect information on the valence of ions, general gas constants, cation exchange membranes, anion exchange membranes, Faraday constants, and activity coefficients in the TGC electrolyte. Simultaneously, the open-circuit voltage of the RED module is set to... ;

[0014] Where α is the selectivity coefficient of the ion exchange membrane. It is a cation exchange membrane. It is an anion exchange membrane, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the reaction temperature. It is determined by the valence of the ions, which refers to the number of charges carried by the ions. F is the Faraday constant, γ is the activity coefficient, C is the concentration of the ion solution, and the subscripts H and L refer to high-concentration and low-concentration ion solutions, respectively. Let the internal resistance of RED be... By obtaining the selectivity information of the RED membrane, it is found that the internal resistance of the RED membrane is positively correlated with its selectivity, as well as the temperature and flow rate of the ion solution. Let the power generation of the RED membrane after obtaining a high or low ion concentration ion solution be denoted as... ;

[0015] The power generation of RED after receiving TGC ion solution is calculated using the above formula. 。

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: when calculating the power generation generated by utilizing the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment, the power output module acquires the pump's current information, pump voltage information, and the total operating time of a single pump cycle. Let the total energy consumption of pumping the ion solution from the TGC module into the RED module, generating electricity in the RED module, and then pumping it back to the TGC module be... ;

[0017] The total energy consumption for pumping the ion solution from the TGC module into the RED module, generating electricity in the RED module, and then pumping it back to the TGC module is calculated based on the above formula. Let V be the pump current, V be the pump voltage, and t be the total operating time of a single pump cycle. Assume the increased power generation efficiency is... ;

[0018] in, , .

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention adds a thermosensitive material to the TGC electrolyte, which binds with specific ions to form ion solutions with high and low ion concentrations. These solutions are then pumped into the RED module to generate electricity. This achieves combined power generation from both the TGC and RED modules. The generated solution is then returned to the TGC module, promoting ion transfer within the module and fully exploiting its thermoelectric potential. This further increases the power output of waste heat thermoelectric power generation. Simultaneously, the thermosensitive material further enhances the ion concentration gradient, thereby increasing the power generation capacity. 2. This invention provides a stable waste heat input source for the entire system through a waste heat recovery module, ensuring sufficient energy supply for subsequent energy conversion processes and enabling further utilization of waste heat. The positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit enables continuous output of electrical energy, improving the stability and reliability of power generation. The RED module improves the utilization rate of ion solutions, further enhancing power generation efficiency. The power output module accurately calculates the power generation efficiency of generating electricity using the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment, helping operators understand the working status and make targeted adjustments. 3. This invention enables the system to quantitatively evaluate its own power generation capacity through the power output module, facilitating comparison with other power generation systems. It also provides important data support for the system's energy management and application, allows for in-depth analysis of various influencing factors in the RED module's power generation process, provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the RED module's performance, identifies potential energy loss points and makes improvements, and clarifies the improvement of the system's power generation efficiency under different operating conditions, providing intuitive evaluation indicators for system performance optimization. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system flow in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of ion distribution in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0022] Please see Figures 1 to 2 The first embodiment provided by the present invention: An electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combining reverse electrodialysis includes a waste heat recovery module, a TGC module, a RED module, and an energy output module; The waste heat recovery module is used to absorb waste heat and transfer it to the TGC module, while recording the total amount of waste heat to obtain the total input heat. The TGC module is used to generate ions of different concentrations. It includes positive and negative symmetrical electrode units and TGC electrolyte. After receiving residual heat, the TGC electrolyte will undergo a redox reaction to generate ions. When a thermosensitive material is added to the TGC electrolyte, the cold end of the thermosensitive material will combine with the ions to form a compound. When the thermosensitive material is at the hot end, the compound will separate back into the thermosensitive material and ions, promoting the redox reaction at both ends of the TGC electrolyte and forming a high-concentration ion solution and a low-concentration ion solution with a salinity difference at the hot and cold ends of the TGC electrolyte. The RED module, used to generate ionized electricity, is connected to the TGC module via a conduit. The RED module includes a first compartment and a second compartment. High-concentration and low-concentration ion solutions are then injected into the first and second compartments, respectively. The high-concentration and low-concentration ion solutions generate electricity in the first and second compartments due to the salinity difference, until the concentrations of the high-concentration and low-concentration ion solutions in the first and second compartments are equal, resulting in a uniformly concentrated ion solution. This uniformly concentrated ion solution is then pumped into the positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit to continue participating in the redox reaction.

[0023] In fact, all ionic solutions with ionic concentration differences are applicable and fall within the scope of this patent. The power output module receives and outputs electrical energy generated by salinity differences, while simultaneously calculating the power generation efficiency of generating electricity using the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment. High-concentration ionic solutions and low-concentration ionic solutions are applied to the connection points between all modules using thermally conductive adhesive. The adhesive is mainly composed of silicone, with the addition of fillers, thermally conductive materials and other polymer materials, giving it superior thermal conductivity and excellent bonding strength, without considering heat loss caused by the thermally conductive adhesive. Specific workflow: Absorb waste heat and conduct the heat to the TGC module. At this time, the temperature difference between the waste heat recovery module and the external environment can be utilized by the TGC module. Under the action of temperature difference, the TGC module reaches high voltage based on the pyrogen effect and enters continuous working mode. The TGC module undergoes redox reactions in the positive and negative symmetrical electrode units respectively. At the cold end, the ions generated by oxidation combine with the heat-sensitive material in large quantities. This combination is decomposed by heat at the hot end, resulting in high-concentration ion solutions and low-concentration ion solutions with large salinity differences at the hot and cold ends of the TGC. The high-concentration ion solution at the hot end and the low-concentration ion solution at the cold end are pumped into compartment 1 and compartment 2 respectively. The ion solutions generate electricity in compartment 1 and compartment 2 due to the salinity difference until the concentration in compartment 1 and compartment 2 is the same. The solution of the same concentration that has undergone ion exchange in the RED module is pumped back into the positive and negative symmetrical electrode units to continue to participate in the redox reaction. After completing this cycle, the pumping solution power generation cycle is repeated many times. Furthermore, by adding thermosensitive materials to the TGC electrolyte, and through their binding with specific ions, an ion solution with high and low ion concentrations is formed, thereby enabling the TGC module and the RED module to generate electricity together. The solution after power generation will be transported back to the TGC module, promoting the transfer of ions inside the TGC module, fully developing the potential of thermoelectric power generation, and further improving the power output of waste heat thermoelectric power generation.

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 2 The second embodiment provided by the present invention: Based on Embodiment 1, the waste heat recovery module includes a heat exchange device, which is composed of heat exchange plates and is used to receive heat transferred from the waste heat collection module. The positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit includes positive and negative symmetrical electrodes, and the positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit contains a heat storage medium inside. The heat storage medium is used to store heat, so that the positive and negative symmetrical electrodes have a stable temperature difference, and collect their temperature information, and use the pyrogen effect to realize the continuous output of electrical energy. The ion transport process starts from the negative end where ions are generated, and proceeds through the conduit device—the first compartment of RED—the second compartment of RED—the middle position between the positive and negative electrodes of TGC—the positive end where the ions react. When the RED module pumps an ion solution of uniform concentration into the positive and negative symmetric electrode unit, it will pump the ion solution of uniform concentration into the middle position of the positive and negative symmetric electrodes. The RED module is located outside the TGC module, and the specific placement method is that its upper and lower midpoints are flush with the midpoint of the TGC module. Specific workflow: The heat exchanger consists of heat exchange plates that receive heat from the waste heat collection module. Simultaneously, it utilizes the internal heat storage medium of the positive and negative symmetrical electrode units to store heat, ensuring a stable temperature difference and voltage between the electrodes. Meanwhile, the thermistor material reacts with ions at the cold end, causing them to combine, while this combination decomposes at the hot end. Therefore, ions start from the negative end with high concentration ions, passing through the conduit device—RED compartment one, and low concentration ions pass through the conduit device—RED compartment two. The ion solution with consistent concentration is pumped into the middle position of the positive and negative symmetrical electrodes. Temperature information is extracted, and a temperature change graph is plotted based on this information. Peak and valley temperature information are extracted from the temperature change graph to calculate the power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the waste heat recovery module provides a stable waste heat input source for the entire system, ensuring sufficient energy supply for subsequent energy conversion processes and enabling further utilization of waste heat. The positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit enables continuous output of electrical energy, improving the stability and reliability of power generation. The RED module improves the utilization rate of ion solutions, further enhancing power generation efficiency. The power output module accurately calculates the power generation efficiency of generating electricity using the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment, helping operators understand the working status and make targeted adjustments.

[0025] Please see Figures 1 to 2 The third embodiment provided by the present invention: Based on Example 2, the power output module extracts temperature information when outputting power, and plots a temperature change graph based on the temperature information. It then extracts peak and valley temperature information from the temperature change graph to obtain thermoelectric figure of merit information and calculates average temperature information. The power generation efficiency formula is given as follows: ;

[0026] The power generation efficiency is calculated based on the above formula, where This is peak temperature information. It is the valley temperature information. The thermoelectric figure of merit is the amount of electricity generated by a thermoelectric system under different operating conditions. and They are respectively:

[0027] Calculated according to the above formula ; After calculating the power generation from the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment, the power output module needs to collect information on the valence of ions, general gas constants, cation exchange membranes, anion exchange membranes, Faraday constants, and activity coefficients in the TGC electrolyte. Simultaneously, the open-circuit voltage of the RED module is set to... ;

[0028] Where α is the selectivity coefficient of the ion exchange membrane. It is a cation exchange membrane. It is an anion exchange membrane, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the reaction temperature. It is determined by the valence of the ions, which refers to the number of charges carried by the ions. F is the Faraday constant, γ is the activity coefficient, C is the concentration of the ion solution, and the subscripts H and L refer to high-concentration and low-concentration ion solutions, respectively. Let the internal resistance of RED be... By obtaining the selectivity information of the RED membrane, it is found that the internal resistance of the RED membrane is positively correlated with its selectivity, as well as the temperature and flow rate of the ion solution. Let the power generation of the second method, which utilizes the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment, be denoted as... ;

[0029] The power generation of RED after receiving TGC ion solution is calculated using the above formula. .

[0030] When calculating the power generation from the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment, the power output module acquires the pump's current information, pump voltage information, and the total operating time of a single pump cycle. Let's assume the total energy consumption of pumping the ion solution from the TGC module into the RED module, generating electricity in the RED module, and then pumping it back to the TGC module is... ;

[0031] The total energy consumption for pumping the ion solution from the TGC module into the RED module, generating electricity in the RED module, and then pumping it back to the TGC module is calculated based on the above formula. Let V be the pump current, V be the pump voltage, t be the total operating time of a single pump cycle, and the increased power generation efficiency be... ;

[0032] The improved power generation efficiency is derived based on the above method; Specific workflow: Then utilize and The power generation from the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment was calculated. The internal resistance of the RED membrane was positively correlated with the selectivity of the RED membrane and the temperature and flow rate of the ion solution. Then, the power generation was utilized... Calculate the total energy consumption of pumping the ion solution from the TGC module into the RED module, generating electricity in the RED module, and then pumping it back to the TGC module. Determine the improved power generation efficiency and obtain the improved power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the power output module enables the system to quantitatively evaluate its own power generation capacity, facilitating comparison with other power generation systems. It also provides important data support for the system's energy management and application, allows for in-depth analysis of various influencing factors in the RED module's power generation process, provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the RED module's performance, identifies potential energy loss points and makes improvements, and clarifies the improvement in the system's power generation efficiency under different operating conditions, providing intuitive evaluation indicators for system performance optimization.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis, characterized in that: This includes a waste heat recovery module, a TGC module, a RED module, and an energy output module; The waste heat recovery module is used to absorb waste heat and transfer it to the TGC module, while recording the total amount of waste heat to obtain the total input heat. The TGC module includes positive and negative symmetrical electrode units and TGC electrolyte, which are used to generate ions of different concentrations. The RED module, comprising compartment one and compartment two, is used to generate ion energy; The power output module is used to receive the electrical energy generated by the salinity difference and output it, while calculating the power generation efficiency of generating electricity using the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment.

2. The electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: After receiving residual heat, the TGC module will undergo a redox reaction to generate ions in the TGC electrolyte. When a thermosensitive material is added to the TGC electrolyte, the cold end of the thermosensitive material will combine with the ions to form a complex. When the thermosensitive material is at the hot end, the complex will separate back into thermosensitive material ions, promoting the redox reaction at both ends of the TGC electrolyte and forming a high-concentration ion solution and a low-concentration ion solution with a salinity difference at the hot and cold ends of the TGC electrolyte. The RED module is connected to the TGC module via a conduit. The received high-concentration ion solution and low-concentration ion solution are then injected into compartment 1 and compartment 2, respectively. The high-concentration and low-concentration ion solutions generate electricity in compartment 1 and compartment 2 due to the salinity difference. This continues until the concentrations of the high-concentration and low-concentration ion solutions in compartment 1 and compartment 2 are equal, resulting in a uniformly concentrated ion solution. This uniformly concentrated ion solution is then pumped into the positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit to continue participating in the redox reaction.

3. The electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat recovery module includes a heat exchange device, which consists of heat exchange plates and is used to receive heat transferred from the waste heat collection module.

4. The electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit includes positive and negative symmetrical electrodes, and the positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit contains a heat storage medium inside. The heat storage medium is used to store heat, so that the positive and negative symmetrical electrodes have a stable temperature difference, and its temperature information is collected. The continuous output of electrical energy is achieved by utilizing the pyrogen effect.

5. The electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion transfer process begins at the negative end of the high-concentration ion conduit device, passes through the first compartment of the RED, the low-concentration ion conduit passes through the second compartment of the RED, and the ion solution after the reaction passes through the middle position of the positive and negative electrodes of the TGC conduit device to the positive end of the reaction ion conduit device.

6. The electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the RED module pumps an ion solution of uniform concentration into the positive and negative symmetrical electrode unit, it will pump the ion solution of uniform concentration into the middle position of the positive and negative symmetrical electrode. The RED module is located outside the TGC module, and the specific placement method is that its upper and lower midpoints are flush with the midpoint of the TGC module, and the conjugate can fall freely under the action of gravity.

7. The electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the power output module outputs power, it extracts temperature information and plots a temperature change graph based on this information. It then extracts peak and valley temperature information from the graph to obtain thermoelectric figure of merit information and calculates average temperature information. The power generation efficiency formula is given by... ; ； The power generation efficiency is calculated based on the above formula, where This is peak temperature information. It is the valley temperature information. The thermoelectric figure of merit, i.e., the amount of electricity generated by the material. for: ； The power generation of the material is calculated using the above formula. .

8. The electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis according to claim 7, characterized in that: After calculating the power generation from the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment, the power output module needs to collect information on the valence of ions, general gas constants, cation exchange membranes, anion exchange membranes, Faraday constants, and activity coefficients in the TGC electrolyte. Simultaneously, the open-circuit voltage of the RED module is set to... ; ； Where α is the selectivity coefficient of the ion exchange membrane. It is a cation exchange membrane. It is an anion exchange membrane, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the reaction temperature. It is determined by the valence of the ions, which refers to the number of charges carried by the ions. F is the Faraday constant, γ is the activity coefficient, C is the concentration of the ion solution, and the subscripts H and L refer to high-concentration ion solutions and low-concentration ion solutions, respectively. Let the internal resistance of RED be... By obtaining the selectivity information of the RED membrane, it is found that the internal resistance of the RED membrane is positively correlated with its selectivity, as well as the temperature and flow rate of the ion solution. Let the power generation of the RED membrane after obtaining a high or low ion concentration ion solution be denoted as... ; ； The power generation of RED after receiving TGC ion solution is calculated using the above formula. .

9. The electrochemical thermoelectric conversion system combined with reverse electrodialysis according to claim 8, characterized in that: When calculating the power generation from the temperature difference between the heat source and the environment, the power output module acquires the pump's current information, pump voltage information, and the total operating time of a single pump cycle. Let the total energy consumption of pumping the ion solution from the TGC module into the RED module, generating electricity in the RED module, and then pumping it back to the TGC module be... ; ； The total energy consumption for pumping the ion solution from the TGC module into the RED module, generating electricity in the RED module, and then pumping it back to the TGC module is calculated based on the above formula. Let V be the pump current, V be the pump voltage, and t be the total operating time of a single pump cycle. Assume the increased power generation efficiency is... ; ； in, , .

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