Rubik's cube array piezoelectric energy harvester
By combining flow-induced vibration and magneto-induced vibration with a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester, the problems of high starting flow velocity, narrow bandwidth, and low unidirectional energy harvesting efficiency are solved, achieving efficient energy harvesting in low flow velocity and multi-directional fluid environments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610749110.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-25
AI Technical Summary
Existing flow-induced vibration piezoelectric energy harvesters have high start-up flow velocities, narrow bandwidths, and low unidirectional energy harvesting efficiency, making it difficult to efficiently capture energy in low-flow-rate and multi-directional fluid environments.
A cube array piezoelectric energy harvester was designed, combining flow-induced vibration and magneto-induced vibration. Through arraying and structural optimization, magnetic coupling was formed by placing magnets on the vibrating blunt body component, which enhanced the vibration response and broadened the operating frequency band.
Significantly improves energy conversion efficiency and environmental adaptability in low-flow-rate and multi-directional fluid environments, enhances vibration response, and improves the energy capture capability of traditional devices in complex flow fields.
Smart Images
Figure CN122639735A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of new energy technology, specifically relating to a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), low-power sensors, wireless network nodes, and environmental monitoring equipment, a large number of microelectronic devices are being widely deployed in natural environments, urban infrastructure, and industrial systems. These devices are typically characterized by wide distribution, dispersed installation locations, and long operating cycles. Providing them with a continuous, stable, and low-maintenance power supply has become a significant factor restricting their long-term autonomous operation. Traditional battery-powered systems suffer from limited lifespan, difficult maintenance and replacement, environmental pollution, and high maintenance costs in remote or hazardous areas. Therefore, directly obtaining energy from the environment in which the devices are located and achieving self-powering has become a promising technological approach.
[0003] Fluid kinetic energy in the environment, such as wind energy, water flow energy, and fluid-induced structural vibration energy, is widely distributed and sustainably accessible, making it suitable for powering micro-power electronic devices. Among existing energy conversion methods, vibration energy harvesting technology based on the piezoelectric effect has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages such as compact structure, high energy density, no need for external power supply excitation, and ease of integration with microelectronic systems. A typical flow-induced vibration piezoelectric energy harvester usually adopts a "blunt body-cantilever beam-piezoelectric element" structure. When wind or water flows over a non-streamlined bluff body, periodic vortices are generated behind the bluff body, thereby applying periodic fluid forces to the bluff body, inducing vibration of the bluff body and the cantilever beam connected to it. This, in turn, causes the piezoelectric element set on the cantilever beam to undergo alternating stretching and compression deformation, and outputs electrical energy through the positive piezoelectric effect.
[0004] However, existing flow-induced vibration piezoelectric energy harvesters still have certain limitations in practical applications. First, traditional linear or weakly nonlinear energy harvesting structures typically have high initiation flow velocities. Only when the incoming flow velocity reaches a certain threshold can the device generate significant vibration and effectively output electrical energy. However, wind speeds and water flow velocities in natural environments are often low and unstable, causing the device to remain stationary or in a state of slight vibration under many operating conditions, thus limiting its energy output capability. Second, existing flow-induced vibration energy harvesters generally exhibit narrow-band operating characteristics. Their high output usually depends on the matching between the eddy current frequency and the structure's natural frequency. Once changes in environmental flow velocity cause the excitation frequency to deviate from the resonance region, the output power will decrease significantly, making it difficult to adapt to complex and variable actual flow fields.
[0005] Furthermore, existing energy traps are mostly designed for unidirectional flow, and their blunt body structures and installation orientations are usually fixed, resulting in a weak response to fluid excitation from other directions. This makes it difficult to effectively capture energy in multidirectional, unsteady flow fields. In real-world environments such as urban wind fields, rivers, ocean currents, and building bypass flows, the direction and intensity of fluids may change over time. Unidirectionally sensitive energy trap structures will reduce spatial energy utilization and overall energy capture efficiency.
[0006] To address these issues, existing technologies have attempted to broaden the operating bandwidth of energy harvesters by introducing nonlinear mechanisms such as magnetic coupling. By placing permanent magnets between the vibrating component and the fixed support component, nonlinear magnetic forces can be generated using the attractive or repulsive forces between the magnets. This creates a bistable or multistable potential well near the static equilibrium position of the structure, allowing the system to generate large-amplitude vibrations even under lower external excitations. This helps reduce the initiation velocity and improve broadband response. However, existing magnetic nonlinear energy harvesting schemes mostly focus on optimizing single bluff bodies or single cantilever beam structures, resulting in limited energy harvesting area, insufficient space utilization, and difficulty in further increasing the overall output power per unit volume.
[0007] Meanwhile, existing technologies still fall short in the synergistic design of fluid excitation, structural vibration, and magnetic coupling. Some solutions focus only on bluff body shape optimization, others only on magnetic nonlinear design, and still others only adjust the stiffness or natural frequency of the cantilever beam. There is a lack of a comprehensive system design that integrates bluff body surface flow field control, cantilever beam structural dynamics optimization, magnetic nonlinear coupling, and spatial array layout. Especially when multiple energy-harvesting units are arrayed, how to achieve multi-directional fluid energy harvesting within a compact space, reduce adverse flow field interference, and utilize favorable vortex interactions to improve overall energy harvesting efficiency remains a problem to be solved by existing technologies.
[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a piezoelectric energy harvesting device that combines flow-induced vibration, magneto-induced vibration, array layout, and structural optimization, enabling it to achieve more efficient and stable energy harvesting in low-flow-rate, variable-flow-rate, and multi-directional fluid environments, in order to meet the long-term power supply needs of devices such as wireless sensors, environmental monitoring equipment, and low-power IoT nodes. Summary of the Invention
[0009] The purpose of this application is to design a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester to solve the problems of high start-up velocity, narrow bandwidth and low unidirectional energy harvesting efficiency in the prior art. By combining flow-induced vibration and magneto-induced vibration and adopting an array-based and structurally optimized design, the energy conversion efficiency and environmental adaptability are significantly improved.
[0010] Technical solution to achieve the purpose of this application: This application provides a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester, including a support structure, a flow-induced vibration module, a piezoelectric module, and a magneto-induced vibration module; The support structure includes an m-grid frame and a top seat disposed on the top of the m-grid frame; The flow-induced vibration module includes multiple vibrating blunt body components, which are disposed within the m-grid frame and arranged in multiple spatial orientations to generate flow-induced vibration under the action of fluid. The piezoelectric module includes a piezoelectric sheet and a hollowed-out cantilever beam. One end of the hollowed-out cantilever beam is connected to the top seat, and the other end is connected to the vibrating blunt body assembly. The piezoelectric sheet is disposed on the hollowed-out cantilever beam. The magnetostrictive vibration module includes a first moving magnet, a first fixed magnet, a third moving magnet, a third fixed magnet, a second moving magnet, and a second fixed magnet; The first moving magnet, the third moving magnet, and the second moving magnet are mounted on the vibrating blunt body assembly and move with the vibrating blunt body assembly; The first fixed magnet, the third fixed magnet, and the second fixed magnet are fixedly mounted on the m-grid frame; The moving magnet and the fixed magnet work together to generate magnetic coupling, which causes the vibrating blunt body assembly to superimpose magnetostrictive vibration on the flow-induced vibration, and drives the piezoelectric sheet to deform through the hollowed-out cantilever beam to output electrical energy.
[0011] Optionally, the m-grid frame has a top, a bottom, and side walls, where m is n. 2 n is a positive integer; the top seat is set at the top of the m-grid frame, the first fixed magnet and the third fixed magnet are respectively set on the left and right inner side walls of the m-grid frame, and the second fixed magnet is set on the bottom inner side of the m-grid frame.
[0012] Optionally, each of the vibrating blunt body components is provided with a set of magnetostrictive vibration modules; wherein the first moving magnet and the third moving magnet are built-in moving magnets arranged in the vertical direction, and the second moving magnet is an external moving magnet arranged in the horizontal direction.
[0013] Optionally, the first moving magnet is arranged parallel to and opposite to the first fixed magnet, the third moving magnet is arranged parallel to and opposite to the third fixed magnet, and the second moving magnet is arranged parallel to and opposite to the second fixed magnet.
[0014] Optionally, the first moving magnet and the first fixed magnet, and the third moving magnet and the third fixed magnet are arranged with the same magnetic poles facing each other to generate a repulsive force; the second moving magnet and the second fixed magnet are arranged with opposite magnetic poles facing each other to generate an attractive force, thereby forming a magnetic coupling structure with horizontal attraction and vertical repulsion.
[0015] Optionally, the magnetic coupling structure with horizontal attraction and vertical repulsion forms a bistable magnetic potential well on both sides of the static position of the vibrating blunt body assembly, so that the vibrating blunt body assembly generates cross-well jumping vibration under the action of fluid excitation and magnetic coupling.
[0016] Optionally, multiple vibrating blunt body components are arranged in at least four directions—east, west, south, and north—within the m-grid frame to form a cube-array energy-harvesting structure.
[0017] Optionally, the blunt body shapes of the plurality of said vibrating blunt body components may be the same or different, and the blunt body shapes include one or more of the following: cylinder, regular triangular prism, square prism, regular pentagonal prism, regular hexagonal prism and sector prism.
[0018] Optionally, the surface of the vibrating blunt body assembly is provided with a metasurface pattern, which is formed by a periodic arrangement of multiple graphic units, and the concave and convex directions of adjacent graphic units are opposite.
[0019] Optionally, the hollowed-out cantilever beam has hollowed-out holes on its beam body, which are used to adjust the stiffness, mass distribution and natural frequency of the hollowed-out cantilever beam.
[0020] The beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows: This application discloses a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester. By arranging a first moving magnet, a third moving magnet, and a second moving magnet on a vibrating blunt body assembly, and correspondingly arranging a first fixed magnet, a third fixed magnet, and a second fixed magnet on an m-grid frame, a magnetic coupling effect is formed between the moving and fixed magnets. This magnetic coupling effect allows the vibrating blunt body assembly to superimpose magnetostrictive vibration on top of flow-induced vibration, thereby enhancing the vibration response. This enables the device to more easily enter an effective vibration state even under low wind or water flow conditions, improving upon the problem of high start-up flow velocity in traditional flow-induced vibration energy harvesters. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a single component structure of a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a single component of a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a single-grid structure of a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a 4-grid structure of a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a 9-grid structure of a Rubik's Cube array piezoelectric energy harvester; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a hollowed-out cantilever beam for a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the metasurface pattern of a vibrating blunt body component of a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester; In the picture: 1-Top base, 2-m grid frame, 3-First moving magnet, 4-First fixed magnet, 5-Vibrating blunt body assembly, 6-Piezoelectric sheet, 7-Hollowed cantilever beam, 8-Third moving magnet, 9-Third fixed magnet, 10-Second moving magnet, 11-Second fixed magnet. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments described in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a cube array piezoelectric energy harvester, which includes a support structure, a flow-induced vibration module, a piezoelectric module, and a magnetostrictive vibration module. The support structure is used to install and support each functional module; the flow-induced vibration module is used to generate vibration under the action of fluid; the piezoelectric module is used to convert the mechanical energy of vibration into electrical energy; the magnetostrictive vibration module is used to form a magnetic coupling with the flow-induced vibration module, so that the vibrating blunt body component 5 is superimposed with magnetostrictive vibration on the basis of flow-induced vibration, thereby improving vibration response and energy conversion efficiency.
[0024] Specifically, the supporting structure includes a top base 1 and an m-grid frame 2. The m-grid frame 2 is a frame structure with a top, bottom, and side walls, where m is n. 2 n is a positive integer. The top seat 1 is disposed on the top of the m-grid frame 2. In one embodiment, the top seat 1 can be fixed to the top of the m-grid frame 2 by means of a threaded connection, so as to facilitate disassembly and maintenance. The m-grid frame 2 is used to accommodate and support multiple energy-harvesting units, so that multiple vibrating blunt body components 5 can be arranged in an array within the same frame.
[0025] The flow-induced vibration module includes multiple vibrating blunt body components 5. These components 5 are housed within the m-grid frame 2 and can be arranged in multiple spatial orientations. When airflow, water flow, or other environmental fluids pass through the vibrating blunt body components 5, vortices or galloping effects are generated around them, causing the components to vibrate under fluid excitation. The vibrating blunt body components 5 can be one of the non-streamlined blunt body structures such as cylinders, regular triangular prisms, square prisms, regular pentagonal prisms, regular hexagonal prisms, or fan-shaped columns. Alternatively, various combinations of blunt body shapes can be used to enhance the device's adaptability to different flow velocities and directions, depending on the flow field environment.
[0026] The piezoelectric module includes a piezoelectric element 6 and a hollowed-out cantilever beam 7. One end of the hollowed-out cantilever beam 7 is connected to the top seat 1, and the other end is connected to the vibrating blunt body assembly 5. The piezoelectric element 6 is disposed on the hollowed-out cantilever beam 7. In one embodiment, the piezoelectric element 6 can be glued to the upper or lower surface of the hollowed-out cantilever beam 7. When the vibrating blunt body assembly 5 vibrates under the action of fluid, its vibration is transmitted to the piezoelectric element 6 through the hollowed-out cantilever beam 7, causing the piezoelectric element 6 to undergo periodic stretching, compression, or bending deformation, thereby outputting electrical energy through the positive piezoelectric effect.
[0027] The hollowed-out cantilever beam 7 has hollowed-out holes on its beam body. These holes can be located in the central region of the beam body or in other regions depending on the actual vibration modes and structural strength requirements. The shape of the hollowed-out holes can be circular, equilateral triangle, square, regular pentagon, regular hexagon, sector, or a combination of these shapes. By setting these hollowed-out holes, the stiffness, mass distribution, and natural frequency of the hollowed-out cantilever beam 7 can be altered, making it easier to match the eddy current frequency at a specific flow velocity. Simultaneously, it generates greater bending deformation under the same fluid excitation conditions, thereby increasing the strain amplitude and electrical energy output capability of the piezoelectric element 6.
[0028] The magnetostrictive vibration module includes a first moving magnet 3, a first fixed magnet 4, a third moving magnet 8, a third fixed magnet 9, a second moving magnet 10, and a second fixed magnet 11. The first moving magnet 3, the third moving magnet 8, and the second moving magnet 10 are mounted on the vibrating blunt body assembly 5 and can move synchronously with it. The first fixed magnet 4, the third fixed magnet 9, and the second fixed magnet 11 are fixedly mounted on the m-grid frame 2. Thus, a magnetic coupling effect is formed between the moving magnets and the fixed magnets, causing the vibrating blunt body assembly 5 to be further subjected to magnetic force on top of the flow-induced vibration, thereby forming a composite vibration mode that couples flow-induced vibration and magnetostrictive vibration.
[0029] In one specific embodiment, the first movable magnet 3 and the third movable magnet 8 are built-in movable magnets arranged vertically, and the second movable magnet 10 is an external movable magnet arranged horizontally. The first fixed magnet 4 and the third fixed magnet 9 are respectively fixedly arranged on the left and right inner sidewalls of the m-grid frame 2, and the second fixed magnet 11 is fixedly arranged on the bottom inner side of the m-grid frame 2. The first movable magnet 3 is parallel to and opposite to the first fixed magnet 4, the third movable magnet 8 is parallel to and opposite to the third fixed magnet 9, and the second movable magnet 10 is parallel to and opposite to the second fixed magnet 11. The vibrating blunt body assembly 5 is located between the first fixed magnet 4 and the third fixed magnet 9, and the second movable magnet 10 is located on the side of the vibrating blunt body assembly 5 closer to the second fixed magnet 11.
[0030] Furthermore, the first moving magnet 3 and the first fixed magnet 4 are arranged with their like poles facing each other, and the third moving magnet 8 and the third fixed magnet 9 are arranged with their like poles facing each other to generate a repulsive force; the second moving magnet 10 and the second fixed magnet 11 are arranged with their opposite poles facing each other to generate an attractive force. Through the above magnetic pole arrangement, the magnetostrictive vibration module forms a magnetic coupling structure with horizontal attraction and vertical repulsion. This magnetic coupling structure with horizontal attraction and vertical repulsion can form a bistable magnetic potential well on both sides of the rest position of the vibrating blunt body component 5, so that the vibrating blunt body component 5 can generate cross-well jumping vibration under the action of fluid excitation and magnetic coupling. Compared with the traditional linear cantilever beam energy trapping structure, this structure can increase the vibration amplitude of the vibrating blunt body component 5, reduce the flow velocity required for the device to start oscillating, and broaden the effective operating frequency band.
[0031] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the Rubik's Cube array structure of this application can be configured with different numbers of grids according to the application scenario. For example, the m-grid frame 2 can be a 1-grid structure, a 4-grid structure, or a 9-grid structure, and can also be expanded to other n-grid structures as needed. 2 A grid structure. Multiple vibrating blunt body components 5 can be respectively set in different grid positions within the m-grid frame 2, and arranged along at least four directions such as east, west, south, and north to form a multi-directional energy harvesting array. Through the above array layout, this application can capture fluid kinetic energy from different directions, improve space utilization, and overcome the problem of insufficient adaptability of traditional unidirectional energy harvesting devices to complex flow fields.
[0032] When multiple vibrating bluff body components 5 are arranged in an array, vortex interaction regions can be formed between adjacent vibrating bluff body components 5. When fluid flows through multiple vibrating bluff body components 5, the vortices generated behind each vibrating bluff body component 5 may interact, merge, or enhance disturbance, thereby improving the fluid-structure interaction in the central region of the array. This structure is beneficial for enhancing the overall vibration response and improving the energy capture capability per unit volume.
[0033] like Figure 7As shown, the surface of the vibrating blunt body assembly 5 is provided with a metasurface pattern. This metasurface pattern can be formed by a periodic arrangement of multiple graphic units, which can be circles, equilateral triangles, squares, regular pentagons, regular hexagons, sectors, or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the concave and convex directions of adjacent graphic units are opposite, i.e., adjacent graphic units are arranged in an alternating pattern of one convex and one concave shape. This metasurface pattern structure can disturb the boundary layer on the surface of the vibrating blunt body assembly 5, promoting vortex generation and regular shedding, thereby enhancing vortex-induced vibration or galloping response and improving the conversion efficiency of fluid kinetic energy to mechanical vibration energy.
[0034] In this embodiment, the piezoelectric element 6 is preferably a macrofiber composite material piezoelectric element. Macrofiber composite material piezoelectric elements have good flexibility and fatigue resistance, and can adapt to the periodic deformation of the hollowed-out cantilever beam 7 during long-term vibration. The piezoelectric element 6 can be connected to a rectifier, energy storage, or load circuit via wires to rectify, store, or directly supply the output AC power to low-power electronic devices.
[0035] The working process of this application is as follows: When airflow or water flows through the cube array piezoelectric energy harvester, the fluid first acts on the vibrating blunt body assembly 5, causing the vibrating blunt body assembly 5 to generate vortex-induced vibration or galloping. The vibration of the vibrating blunt body assembly 5 is transmitted to the piezoelectric element 6 through the hollowed-out cantilever beam 7, causing the piezoelectric element 6 to generate periodic deformation and output electrical energy. At the same time, the first moving magnet 3, the third moving magnet 8, and the second moving magnet 10 installed on the vibrating blunt body assembly 5 move synchronously with the vibrating blunt body assembly 5, and generate magnetic coupling with the first fixed magnet 4, the third fixed magnet 9, and the second fixed magnet 11 fixed on the m-grid frame 2, respectively. When the vibrating blunt body assembly 5 deviates from the equilibrium position, the magnetic coupling generates a nonlinear attraction or repulsion effect on the vibrating blunt body assembly 5, making it easier for it to cross the bistable magnetic potential well, thereby achieving a larger amplitude jump vibration, increasing the deformation of the piezoelectric element 6 and the output electrical energy.
[0036] Therefore, this application converts wind or water energy in the environment into electrical energy through the synergistic effect of a flow-induced vibration module, a piezoelectric module, and a magnetostrictive vibration module. Through the array structure of the m-grid frame 2, this application can also achieve multi-directional, multi-unit fluid energy capture, improving energy harvesting efficiency in complex flow fields. This application can be applied to scenarios such as low-wind-speed wind energy harvesting, river or ocean water flow energy harvesting, and wind energy recovery around building structures. It can also be used to provide continuous micro-energy for wireless sensor networks, environmental monitoring equipment, and low-power IoT nodes.
[0037] The present application has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present application. All content not described in detail in this application can be derived from existing technology.
Claims
1. A cube array piezoelectric energy harvester, characterized in that, This includes a support structure, a flow-induced vibration module, a piezoelectric module, and a magneto-induced vibration module; The supporting structure includes an m-grid frame (2) and a top seat (1) disposed on the top of the m-grid frame (2); The flow-induced vibration module includes multiple vibration blunt body components (5), which are disposed within the m-grid frame (2) and arranged in multiple spatial orientations to generate flow-induced vibration under the action of fluid; The piezoelectric module includes a piezoelectric sheet (6) and a hollow cantilever beam (7). One end of the hollow cantilever beam (7) is connected to the top seat (1), and the other end is connected to the vibration blunt body assembly (5). The piezoelectric sheet (6) is disposed on the hollow cantilever beam (7). The magnetostrictive vibration module includes a first moving magnet (3), a first fixed magnet (4), a third moving magnet (8), a third fixed magnet (9), a second moving magnet (10), and a second fixed magnet (11). The first moving magnet (3), the third moving magnet (8), and the second moving magnet (10) are mounted on the vibrating blunt body assembly (5) and move with the vibrating blunt body assembly (5); The first fixed magnet (4), the third fixed magnet (9), and the second fixed magnet (11) are fixedly disposed on the m-grid frame (2); The moving magnet and the fixed magnet work together to generate magnetic coupling, so that the vibrating blunt body assembly (5) is superimposed with magnetostrictive vibration on the basis of flow-induced vibration, and the piezoelectric sheet (6) is deformed by the hollow cantilever beam (7) to output electrical energy.
2. The cube array piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The m-grid frame (2) has a top, a bottom, and side walls, where m is n. 2 , n is a positive integer; the top seat (1) is set on the top of the m grid frame (2), the first fixed magnet (4) and the third fixed magnet (9) are respectively set on the left and right inner walls of the m grid frame (2), and the second fixed magnet (11) is set on the bottom inner side of the m grid frame (2).
3. The cube array piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the vibration blunt body components (5) is provided with a set of magnetostrictive vibration modules; wherein the first moving magnet (3) and the third moving magnet (8) are built-in moving magnets arranged in the vertical direction, and the second moving magnet (10) is an external moving magnet arranged in the horizontal direction.
4. The cube array piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first moving magnet (3) is arranged parallel to and opposite to the first fixed magnet (4), the third moving magnet (8) is arranged parallel to and opposite to the third fixed magnet (9), and the second moving magnet (10) is arranged parallel to and opposite to the second fixed magnet (11).
5. The cube array piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first moving magnet (3) and the first fixed magnet (4) and the third moving magnet (8) and the third fixed magnet (9) are arranged with the same magnetic poles facing each other to generate a repulsive force; the second moving magnet (10) and the second fixed magnet (11) are arranged with opposite magnetic poles facing each other to generate an attractive force, thereby forming a magnetic coupling structure with horizontal attraction and vertical repulsion.
6. The cube array piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that, The magnetic coupling structure with horizontal attraction and vertical repulsion forms a bistable magnetic potential well on both sides of the static position of the vibrating blunt body assembly (5), causing the vibrating blunt body assembly (5) to generate cross-well jumping vibration under the action of fluid excitation and magnetic coupling.
7. The cube array piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple vibrating blunt body components (5) are arranged in at least four directions—east, west, south, and north—within the m-grid frame (2) to form a cube array-type energy-harvesting structure.
8. The cube array piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that, The blunt body shapes of the plurality of said vibrating blunt body components (5) are the same or different, and the blunt body shapes include one or more of the following: cylinder, regular triangular prism, square prism, regular pentagonal prism, regular hexagonal prism and fan prism.
9. The cube array piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the vibration blunt body component (5) is provided with a metasurface pattern, which is formed by a periodic arrangement of multiple graphic units, and the concave and convex directions of adjacent graphic units are opposite.
10. The cube array piezoelectric energy harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollowed-out cantilever beam (7) has hollowed-out holes on its beam body, which are used to adjust the stiffness, mass distribution and natural frequency of the hollowed-out cantilever beam (7).