An immune inducer for inducing resistance of apple trees to aphids and use thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an immune elicitor for inducing the resistance of apple trees to aphids and application thereof, relates to the field of agricultural ecological technology, and aims to solve the technical problem of easy oxidation and inactivation of active components in the long-term storage process of the current immune elicitor for apple trees. The preparation mode of the elicitor is limited domain coating matrix construction, active elicitor system introduction and response regulation component introduction. In the spraying process of the response regulation component, the wettability and spreading ability of the pesticide solution on the surface of the apple tree leaves are improved through the organic silicon component. The three-dimensional composite network coating system composed of modified nanocellulose and sodium alginate is constructed, so that the active elicitor component is stably limited in a low diffusion environment. Meanwhile, the ion action mechanism of the response regulation component in the spraying process is combined, the gradual release of the active elicitor component in the application stage is realized, and the synergistic balance between the storage stability and the application effectiveness is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural ecological technology, and more specifically, to an immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, apple aphid control mainly relies on chemical pesticides, biological control, agricultural measures, and plant immunity inducers. Among these, chemical control is fast-acting but carries risks of pesticide resistance, pesticide residues, and ecological hazards; while biological and agricultural control are relatively environmentally friendly, their effectiveness is insufficient when the aphid population density is high.

[0003] Plant immune inducers can enhance aphid resistance in apple trees by stimulating their own defense response, showing promising application prospects. However, existing inducers generally suffer from the following problems: the active ingredients are easily oxidized, hydrolyzed, or structurally inactivated by oxygen, moisture, and ambient temperature during long-term liquid storage, leading to a shortened shelf life. Anaerobic slow-release components are used to address this issue. While these components can improve storage stability, their slow-release structure is difficult to quickly dissipate during foliar spraying, especially when apple leaves have a waxy layer, resulting in low release and absorption efficiency of the active ingredients and a slow initiation of the inducement effect. Therefore, it is difficult to simultaneously meet the multiple application requirements of long-term stable storage, rapid release, and foliar repair enhancement. In view of this, we propose an immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees and its application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, adapt to practical needs, and provide an immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees and its application, so as to solve the technical problem caused by the easy oxidation and inactivation of active components during long-term storage of current apple tree immune inducers.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees, the inducer being composed of the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 5:1 to 20:1: amino oligosaccharide and abscisic acid, and sodium alginate and modified nanocellulose in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 5:1.

[0006] It also includes organosilicon surface-active systems and three-dimensional composite network coating systems with a mass ratio of 1:5 to 1:6;

[0007] The organosilicon surface-active system contains magnesium ions and zinc ions, and the molar ratio of magnesium ions to zinc ions is 1:1 to 3:1.

[0008] The modified nanocellulose is surface-carboxylated or hydroxylated nanocellulose;

[0009] The organosilicon surface-active system is a polyether-modified organosilicon surfactant;

[0010] The three-dimensional composite network coating system is composed of a mixture of modified nanocellulose and sodium alginate.

[0011] Preferably, the particle size of the modified nanocellulose is 20–200 nm;

[0012] The sodium alginate forms a three-dimensional network structure in an aqueous solution, and the modified nanocellulose is distributed inside the three-dimensional network structure to form a composite coating system.

[0013] A method for preparing an immune inducer that induces aphid resistance in apple trees, the method being used to prepare any one of the above-mentioned immune inducers for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0014] S1: Construction of confined coating matrix: Modified nanocellulose was dispersed in sodium alginate aqueous solution and stirred to form a three-dimensional composite network coating system with ionic crosslinking characteristics, namely composite coating solution;

[0015] S2: Introduction of active induced resistance system: The active induced resistance system, i.e., the active induced resistance liquid, formed by combining amino oligosaccharide and abscisic acid is added to the three-dimensional composite network coating system, so that the active induced resistance system is uniformly dispersed and confined inside the composite network structure to form a coated induced resistance suspension;

[0016] S3: Introduction of response-regulating components: Add an organosilicon surface-active system containing magnesium and zinc ions to the system obtained in step S2, so that it forms a reversible ion interaction structure with the sodium alginate composite network, i.e., the response-regulating components;

[0017] After forming the response-regulating component, the response-regulating component is homogenized and dispersed to obtain an immune inducer that induces aphid resistance in apple trees, which is then applied by spraying.

[0018] In the process of spraying the response-regulating components, the atomization shearing and droplet dispersion effects are used to enable magnesium and zinc ions in the response-regulating components to undergo ion exchange with sodium alginate, thereby reducing the stability of the composite network structure and gradually releasing the confined active induced resistance system. The organosilicon component also enhances the wetting and spreading ability of the liquid on the surface of apple tree leaves.

[0019] Preferably, the amino oligosaccharide and abscisic acid are pre-mixed and dispersed before being added to the composite network coating system to form an active induced resistance system.

[0020] Preferably, the polyether-modified organosilicon surfactant is added to the system obtained in step S2 after forming a complex dispersion system with magnesium and zinc ions.

[0021] Preferably, in step S1, the stirring conditions are 20–40°C, the stirring speed is 300–800 r / min, and the stirring time is 20–60 min, so that the modified nanocellulose and sodium alginate form a uniform composite dispersion under continuous stirring conditions.

[0022] Preferably, the atomization pressure of the spray application is 0.3–0.6 MPa, and the liquid medicine forms a droplet shear dispersion state inside the nozzle. In response, the magnesium ions and zinc ions in the control component form an ion exchange state with sodium alginate during the atomization dispersion process.

[0023] Preferably, the magnesium ions and zinc ions are dispersed together within the organosilicon surface-active system to form a metal ion complex system.

[0024] Preferably, the organosilicon surfactant system forms a continuous film structure on the surface of apple tree leaves after spraying, and the continuous film covers the leaf surface and is distributed in the leaf area together with the released active induced and resistant components.

[0025] The application of an immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees includes any one of the above-described immune inducers for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees and its preparation method, wherein the inducer is applied in the field of aphid resistance in apple trees.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. This invention constructs a three-dimensional composite network coating system composed of modified nanocellulose and sodium alginate, which stably confines the active antagonistic component in a low-diffusion environment, thereby reducing the influence of external oxygen and moisture on the active component and improving its storage stability. At the same time, combined with the ionic interaction mechanism of the response regulation component during the spraying process, the active antagonistic component is gradually released during the application stage, thereby achieving a synergistic balance between storage stability and application effectiveness.

[0028] 2. This invention also introduces an organosilicon surface-active system containing magnesium and zinc ions into the system, which allows it to undergo ion exchange with sodium alginate under spray atomization and shearing action, thereby weakening the stability of the composite network structure and improving the release efficiency of the active induced antagonistic components; at the same time, the organosilicon components can reduce the surface tension of the leaves and improve the spreadability of the drug solution on the waxy surface of apple leaves, thereby improving the leaf absorption efficiency.

[0029] 3. The response-regulating component in this invention not only participates in the ion exchange process of the composite network structure during spraying and atomization, but also further forms a synergistic effect with the leaf environment after the release of the active antagonistic component. Among them, magnesium ions and zinc ions are distributed on the leaf surface along with the spread of the pesticide solution, and enter the leaf tissue with the active antagonistic component, so that the active antagonistic effect and the physiological regulation process of the leaf are carried out synchronously. At the same time, the organosilicon surfactant system forms a continuous film structure on the leaf surface, so that the released active antagonistic component can maintain a relatively uniform leaf surface distribution, reducing the local accumulation or loss of pesticide solution. Through synergistic cooperation, this invention not only has the function of inducing the apple tree's anti-aphid response, but also maintains the leaf surface stability and improves the recovery ability of the leaves after being attacked by aphids, thus forming a composite synergistic effect that combines induction, protection and leaf regulation.

[0030] 4. The inducer in this invention can still maintain a good overall effect under long-term storage conditions. Even if the active inducer component is slightly degraded, the leaf recovery ability can still be maintained through the compensation effect of magnesium and zinc ions and the film-forming effect of organosilicon. Thus, this invention achieves a comprehensive improvement on the condition of apple tree leaves through the synergistic effect of inducer, nutrient compensation and leaf protection, demonstrating the technical effect of multi-mechanism synergistic enhancement. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the preparation process of the inducing agent of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process for using the inducer of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, this invention relates to an immune inducer that induces aphid resistance in apple trees. The raw materials used in this inducer are all conventionally available materials in the art, wherein:

[0034] Amino oligosaccharides were purchased from commercially available agricultural inducer raw materials;

[0035] Abscisic acid is a plant growth regulator-grade raw material;

[0036] Sodium alginate is food-grade sodium alginate;

[0037] The modified nanocellulose is carboxylated nanocellulose;

[0038] Polyether-modified silicone surfactants are agricultural adjuvant-grade products;

[0039] Magnesium and zinc ions originate from soluble magnesium and zinc salts.

[0040] The preparation method of this inducing agent is as follows:

[0041] S1: Construction of confined coating matrix: Modified nanocellulose was dispersed in sodium alginate aqueous solution and stirred to form a three-dimensional composite network coating system with ionic crosslinking characteristics, namely composite coating solution;

[0042] The modified nanocellulose is surface-carboxylated or hydroxylated nanocellulose with a particle size of 20–200 nm;

[0043] The mass ratio of sodium alginate to modified nanocellulose is 1:1 to 5:1. Sodium alginate forms a three-dimensional network structure in aqueous solution, and modified nanocellulose is distributed inside the three-dimensional network structure to form a composite coating system.

[0044] The stirring conditions were 20–40℃, 300–800 r / min, and 20–60 min. Modified nanocellulose and sodium alginate formed a uniform composite dispersion under continuous stirring.

[0045] S2: Introduction of active induced resistance system: The active induced resistance system, i.e., the active induced resistance liquid, is formed by combining amino oligosaccharides and abscisic acid. This active induced resistance liquid is added to the three-dimensional composite network coating system, so that the active induced resistance system is uniformly dispersed and confined inside the composite network structure to form a coated induced resistance suspension.

[0046] The mass ratio of amino oligosaccharide to abscisic acid is 5:1 to 20:1. The amino oligosaccharide and abscisic acid are pre-mixed and dispersed before being added to the composite network coating system to form an active induced resistance system.

[0047] S3: Introduction of response-regulating components: Add an organosilicon surface-active system containing magnesium and zinc ions to the system obtained in step S2, so that it forms a reversible ionic interaction structure with the sodium alginate composite network, i.e., the response-regulating components;

[0048] The organosilicon surfactant system is a polyether-modified organosilicon surfactant. The polyether-modified organosilicon surfactant forms a complex dispersion system with magnesium ions and zinc ions and is then added to the system obtained in step S2.

[0049] The molar ratio of magnesium ions to zinc ions is 1:1 to 3:1. Magnesium ions and zinc ions are dispersed together in the organosilicon surface active system to form a metal ion complex system.

[0050] After forming the response-regulating component, the response-regulating component is homogenized and dispersed to obtain an immune inducer that induces aphid resistance in apple trees, which is then applied by spraying.

[0051] In the process of spraying the response-regulating components, the atomization shearing and droplet dispersion effects are used to enable magnesium and zinc ions in the response-regulating components to undergo ion exchange with sodium alginate, thereby reducing the stability of the composite network structure and gradually releasing the confined active induced resistance system. The organosilicon component also enhances the wetting and spreading ability of the liquid on the surface of apple tree leaves.

[0052] The atomization pressure for spray application is 0.3–0.6 MPa. The liquid drug forms a droplet shear dispersion state inside the nozzle. Magnesium ions and zinc ions in the response control component form an ion exchange state with sodium alginate during the atomization dispersion process.

[0053] After spraying, the organosilicon surfactant system forms a continuous film structure on the surface of apple tree leaves. The continuous film covers the leaf surface and is distributed in the leaf area together with the released active induced and resistant components.

[0054] Example 1: I. Preparation of Inducer

[0055] First, add 5 parts sodium alginate to 100 parts deionized water and stir at 500 r / min for 30 min at 30℃ to fully dissolve the sodium alginate and form a homogeneous solution.

[0056] Subsequently, 2 parts of carboxylated nanocellulose were added to the sodium alginate solution, and stirring was continued for 40 minutes to ensure that the modified nanocellulose was uniformly dispersed inside the sodium alginate system, forming a three-dimensional composite network coating system.

[0057] Subsequently, 8 parts of amino oligosaccharide and 1 part of abscisic acid were premixed to form an active induced system, and then added to the above composite network coating system. The mixture was stirred continuously for 20 minutes to confine and disperse the active induced component within the composite network.

[0058] Add 3 parts of polyether-modified organosilicon surfactant to the system, along with Mg²⁺. + and Zn² + , of which Mg² + With Zn² + The molar ratio is 2:1, forming a response-regulated immune inducer.

[0059] II. Test Conditions

[0060] Apple trees of the same age, with similar growth status and infested with apple aphids were selected for the experiment.

[0061] Comparative Example 1 used a common amino oligosaccharide inducer; Comparative Example 2 used a coated inducer containing only sodium alginate and nanocellulose coating system, but without response-regulating components.

[0062] Each group was sprayed with a 500-fold dilution, once every 7 days, for a total of 2 sprays.

[0063] III. Test Results

[0064] The test results are shown in the table below:

[0065] Activity retention rate / % Store at 40℃ for 90 days 91.6 63.4 87.9 Leaf contact angle / ° After spraying 41.3 78.6 69.4 SPAD value 10 days after spraying 52.4 38.7 44.5 <![CDATA[Photosynthetic rate / (μmol·m -2 ·s -1 )]]> 10 days after spraying 14.8 8.9 11.6 Aphid mortality rate / % 7 days after spraying 86.5 61.8 72.4

[0066] Table 1. Results of Basic Performance Tests for Inducers

[0067] As shown in Table 1, Example 1 of the present invention is significantly superior to Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 in terms of activity retention rate, SPAD value, photosynthetic rate and aphid mortality rate.

[0068] Before atomization 426 After atomization 183

[0069] Table 2. Results of particle size change detection in Example 1

[0070] As shown in Table 2, the particle size of the liquid medicine was significantly reduced after spraying and atomization.

[0071] 0 8.6 5.1 2 43.5 18.7 6 71.2 39.6 12 89.4 58.3

[0072] Table 3 Results of Encapsulation Release Rate Detection in Example 1

[0073] As shown in Table 3, Example 1 of the present invention has a high release efficiency of active components.

[0074] 1 12.4 38.7 3 29.8 64.5 6 47.6 82.3 12 61.2 91.5

[0075] Table 4. Results of release curve detection before and after atomization in Example 1

[0076] As shown in Table 4, the spraying atomization process can promote the release of active ingredients.

[0077] Before atomization 1608 After atomization 1589

[0078] Table 5. Results of sodium alginate complexation changes in Example 1

[0079] As shown in Table 5, the complex structure of sodium alginate changes after atomization.

[0080] Example 2: I. Preparation of Inducer

[0081] First, add 6 parts sodium alginate to 100 parts deionized water and stir at 600 r / min for 40 min at 35°C.

[0082] Subsequently, 2.5 parts of carboxylated nanocellulose were added, and stirring was continued for 50 minutes to form a composite network coating system;

[0083] Then, 10 parts of amino oligosaccharide and 1 part of abscisic acid were mixed and added to the system, and the mixture was stirred for 25 minutes.

[0084] Add 3.5 parts of polyether-modified silicone surfactant, and simultaneously add Mg²⁺. + and Zn² + , of which Mg² + With Zn² + The molar ratio is 3:1, forming a response-regulated immune inducer.

[0085] The prepared inducer was stored at room temperature and protected from light for 24 months before being tested.

[0086] Furthermore, the comparative example used the same components as in Example 1, and the storage time was the same as in Example 2.

[0087] II. Test Results

[0088] The test results are shown in the table below:

[0089] Activity retention rate / % Store at room temperature for 24 months 82.7 48.9 75.6 Leaf contact angle / ° After spraying 43.6 81.2 71.5 SPAD value 10 days after spraying 49.1 34.5 41.8 <![CDATA[Photosynthetic rate / (μmol·m -2 ·s -1 )]]> 10 days after spraying 13.5 7.6 10.8 Aphid mortality rate / % 7 days after spraying 81.3 55.2 68.7

[0090] Table 6. Basic performance test results of Example 2

[0091] As shown in Table 6, Example 2 of the present invention still maintains high activity and good leaf recovery effect after long-term storage.

[0092] Before atomization 438 After atomization 196

[0093] Table 7. Results of particle size change detection in Example 2

[0094] 0 7.4 4.6 2 39.6 16.8 6 68.5 35.4 12 85.7 52.9

[0095] Table 8 Results of Encapsulation Release Rate Detection in Example 2

[0096] 1 10.6 35.4 3 26.7 59.2 6 43.8 76.6 12 57.1 88.4

[0097] Table 9 Results of release curve detection before and after atomization in Example 2

[0098] Before atomization 1607 After atomization 1591

[0099] Table 10 Results of sodium alginate complexation changes in Example 2

[0100] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention achieves stable confined dispersion of active induced antagonistic components through a composite network coating system formed by sodium alginate and modified nanocellulose.

[0101] Meanwhile, the response-regulating components can promote changes in the composite network structure during spraying and atomization, improving the release efficiency of active components and leaf spreading ability. Furthermore, the present invention can maintain high SPAD values, photosynthetic rates, and aphid mortality rates even after long-term storage, indicating that the present invention has good comprehensive application effects in terms of long-term stability, resistance induction effect, and leaf recovery performance.

[0102] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An immune inducer for aphid resistance in apple trees, characterized in that, The inducer is composed of the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 5:1 to 20:1: amino oligosaccharide and abscisic acid, and sodium alginate and modified nanocellulose in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 5:

1. It also includes organosilicon surface-active systems and three-dimensional composite network coating systems with a mass ratio of 1:5 to 1:6; The organosilicon surface-active system contains magnesium ions and zinc ions, and the molar ratio of magnesium ions to zinc ions is 1:1 to 3:

1. The modified nanocellulose is surface-carboxylated or hydroxylated nanocellulose; The organosilicon surface-active system is a polyether-modified organosilicon surfactant; The three-dimensional composite network coating system is composed of a mixture of modified nanocellulose and sodium alginate.

2. The immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified nanocellulose has a particle size of 20–200 nm; The sodium alginate forms a three-dimensional network structure in an aqueous solution, and the modified nanocellulose is distributed inside the three-dimensional network structure to form a composite coating system.

3. A method for preparing an immune inducer to induce aphid resistance in apple trees, the method being used to prepare the immune inducer to induce aphid resistance in apple trees according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: S1: Construction of confined coating matrix: Modified nanocellulose was dispersed in sodium alginate aqueous solution and stirred to form a three-dimensional composite network coating system with ionic crosslinking characteristics, namely composite coating solution; S2: Introduction of active induced resistance system: The active induced resistance system, i.e., the active induced resistance liquid, formed by combining amino oligosaccharide and abscisic acid is added to the three-dimensional composite network coating system, so that the active induced resistance system is uniformly dispersed and confined inside the composite network structure to form a coated induced resistance suspension; S3: Introduction of response-regulating components: Add an organosilicon surface-active system containing magnesium and zinc ions to the system obtained in step S2, so that it forms a reversible ion interaction structure with the sodium alginate composite network, i.e., the response-regulating components; After forming the response-regulating component, the response-regulating component is homogenized and dispersed to obtain an immune inducer that induces aphid resistance in apple trees, which is then applied by spraying. In the process of spraying the response-regulating components, the atomization shearing and droplet dispersion effects are used to enable magnesium and zinc ions in the response-regulating components to undergo ion exchange with sodium alginate, thereby reducing the stability of the composite network structure and gradually releasing the confined active induced resistance system. The organosilicon component also enhances the wetting and spreading ability of the liquid on the surface of apple tree leaves.

4. An immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees according to claim 3, characterized in that, The amino oligosaccharide and abscisic acid are pre-mixed and dispersed before being added to the composite network coating system to form an active inducing and resisting system.

5. An immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees according to claim 3, characterized in that, The polyether-modified silicone surfactant forms a complex dispersion system with magnesium and zinc ions and is then added to the system obtained in step S2.

6. An immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S1, the stirring conditions are 20–40℃, the stirring speed is 300–800 r / min, and the stirring time is 20–60 min. The modified nanocellulose and sodium alginate form a uniform composite dispersion under continuous stirring conditions.

7. An immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees according to claim 3, characterized in that, The atomization pressure of the spray application is 0.3–0.6 MPa. The liquid medicine forms a droplet shear dispersion state inside the nozzle. Magnesium ions and zinc ions in the response control component form an ion exchange state with sodium alginate during the atomization dispersion process.

8. An immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees according to claim 3, characterized in that, The magnesium and zinc ions are dispersed together within the organosilicon surface active system to form a metal ion complex system.

9. An immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees according to claim 3, characterized in that, After spraying, the organosilicon surfactant system forms a continuous film structure on the surface of apple tree leaves. The continuous film covers the leaf surface and is distributed in the leaf area together with the released active induced and resistant components.

10. The application of an immune inducer for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees, comprising any one of the above-described immune inducers for inducing aphid resistance in apple trees and its preparation method, characterized in that, This inducer is used in the field of aphid control for apple trees.

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