Green protonic ionic liquid lubricant additive, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of green proton type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive and its preparation method and application, including the following preparation steps: S1, trioctylamine is mixed with ethanol, heated and stirred, and uniform yellow clear solution I is obtained;S2, in the solution I obtained in S1 step, drop phosphorus dibutyl ester, heated and stirred, and light yellow clear solution II is obtained;S3, the solution II obtained in S2 step is rotary evaporated, and light yellow viscous liquid is obtained, and green proton type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive is obtained after separation and drying.Compared with prior art, the present application uses trioctylamine and phosphorus dibutyl ester as starting material, and a kind of green proton type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive NP is prepared, which has good lubricating capacity and antiwear property promotion to PAO4, PAO6 and PAO10 and other base lubricating oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of lubricating oil additive technology, and relates to a green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Ionic liquid lubricant additives are highly designable and applicable in fields such as electrochemistry, nanotechnology, analytical chemistry, and extraction processes. Their excellent non-volatility, low vapor pressure, and non-flammability make them a promising alternative to volatile organic additives in the lubrication field.

[0003] Traditional ionic liquid lubricant additives face challenges such as the need for precise design and the potential generation of halogen elements. In response to stringent environmental requirements, there is an urgent need to develop greener and more environmentally friendly ionic liquid lubricant additives.

[0004] Proton-type ionic liquid lubricant additives have significantly reduced production costs by overcoming the drawbacks of oil solubility. However, their raw materials are expensive, and they also suffer from high friction. Therefore, there is an urgent need to further improve proton-type ionic liquid lubricant additives so that they can overcome the problem of high sourcing while also reducing the friction of lubricating oil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive, its preparation method and application.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: One of the technical solutions of this invention is to provide a green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive, the structural formula of which is: .

[0007] The second technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive as described in one of the above technical solutions, comprising the following steps: S1. Mix trioctylamine with ethanol, heat and stir to obtain a uniform, clear yellow solution I; S2. Add dibutyl phosphate dropwise to solution I obtained in step S1, heat and stir to obtain a pale yellow clear solution II; Solution II obtained from step S3 and rotary evaporation of step S2 yields a viscous, pale yellow liquid. After separation and drying, a green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive is obtained.

[0008] In some specific embodiments, in step S1, the heating and stirring method is oil bath heating and stirring, the stirring speed is 200~400 r / min, the heating temperature is 60~65℃, and the reaction time is 5~15 min.

[0009] In some specific embodiments, in step S2, the molar ratio of trioctylamine to dibutyl phosphate is 1:1.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, step S2 involves stirring using magnetic stirring under sealed conditions.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, in step S2, the stirring speed is 400~600 r / min, the temperature is 60~65℃, and the reaction time is 8-10 h.

[0012] In some specific embodiments, step S3 involves vacuum drying with a vacuum degree of 0.1 MPa, a drying temperature of 60-70°C, and a drying time of 10-12 h.

[0013] The third technical solution of the present invention is to provide an application of the green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive as described in one of the above technical solutions in the preparation of lubricating oil.

[0014] The fourth technical solution of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil comprising the following components by mass percentage: Green proton-type ionic liquid lubricant additive, 1-4%; Base oil, 96-99%.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, the base oil is selected from any one of PAO4, PAO6, and PAO10.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The present invention uses trioctylamine and dibutyl phosphate as starting materials to prepare a green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive NP, which has good lubrication ability and anti-wear performance enhancement for basic lubricating oils such as PAO4, PAO6 and PAO10.

[0017] (2) The process of preparing green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive NP is simple and does not involve elements such as halogens and sulfur in the synthesis process. Even if there is an addition of 1 wt% in the base oil (which reflects extremely low phosphorus elements), the lubricating oil can still have a significant anti-wear and friction reduction effect, and has the advantages of being green and environmentally friendly.

[0018] (2) The liquid lubricant prepared by the present invention has better lubrication performance than the base oil. The good tribological properties of the lubricant indicate that NP has potential application prospects as a lubricant additive in reducing friction and wear. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 The infrared spectrum of the green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive prepared according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 Wear scar diagrams for PAO4 base oil, lubricating oil of Example 7, lubricating oil of Example 8, and lubricating oil of Example 9.

[0021] Figure 3 Wear scar diagrams for PAO6 base oil, lubricating oil of Example 7, lubricating oil of Example 8, and lubricating oil of Example 9.

[0022] Figure 4 Wear scar diagrams for PAO10 base oil, lubricating oil of Example 7, lubricating oil of Example 8, and lubricating oil of Example 9. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and processes described in the following embodiments or examples are conventional materials and processes used in the art to achieve the corresponding functions.

[0026] Example 1 This embodiment provides a green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive, the preparation method of which includes the following steps: (1) First, dissolve trioctylamine in ethanol, heat and stir in an oil bath at a temperature of about 62°C for 10 min, and stir at a speed of about 300 r / min to obtain a uniform yellow clear solution I. (2) Add dibutyl phosphate to solution I. The molar ratio of trioctylamine to dibutyl phosphate is 1:1. The reaction is carried out under closed conditions with magnetic heating and stirring. The heating temperature is about 62℃, the reaction time is about 9 h, and the stirring speed is 500 r / min, so as to obtain a light yellow clear solution II. (3) The solution II obtained by rotary evaporation yielded a viscous, pale yellow liquid. After separation, the product was placed in an oven and vacuum dried at about 65°C for about 11 hours to obtain the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP.

[0027] The structure of the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP is as follows: .

[0028] like Figure 1 The image shown is the infrared spectrum of the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP, at a wavelength of 1460 cm⁻¹. -1 and 3460 cm -1 The appearance of bending and stretching vibration peaks of NH at the point proves that the green proton-type ionic liquid was successfully synthesized.

[0029] Example 2 This embodiment provides a lubricating oil comprising the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP and PAO4 base oil prepared in Example 1, and includes the following steps: 0.2 g of green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP was added directly to 20 g of PAO4 base oil. The mixture was stirred at room temperature until the additive was completely dissolved. The mixture was then sonicated for 30 min to promote uniform dispersion of the additive. After standing for 30 min, a lubricating oil sample containing 1 wt% NP PAO4 was obtained.

[0030] Example 3 This embodiment provides a lubricating oil comprising the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP and PAO4 base oil prepared in Example 1, and includes the following steps: Add 0.4 g of green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP directly to 20 g of PAO4 base oil, stir at room temperature until the additive is completely dissolved, continue to sonicate for 30 min to promote uniform dispersion of the additive, and after standing for 30 min, obtain a lubricating oil sample containing 2 wt% NPPAO4.

[0031] Example 4 This embodiment provides a lubricating oil comprising the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP and PAO4 base oil prepared in Example 1, and includes the following steps: 0.8 g of green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP was added directly to 20 g of PAO4 base oil. The mixture was stirred at room temperature until the additive was completely dissolved. The mixture was then sonicated for 30 min to promote uniform dispersion of the additive. After standing for 30 min, a lubricating oil sample containing 4 wt% NP PAO4 was obtained.

[0032] Example 5 This embodiment provides a lubricating oil comprising the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP and PAO6 base oil prepared in Example 1, and includes the following steps: Add 0.2 g of green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP directly to 20 g of PAO6 base oil, stir at room temperature until the additive is completely dissolved, continue to sonicate for 30 min to promote uniform dispersion of the additive, and after standing for 30 minutes, obtain a lubricating oil sample containing 1 wt% NP PAO6.

[0033] Example 6 This embodiment provides a lubricating oil comprising the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP and PAO6 base oil prepared in Example 1, and includes the following steps: Add 0.4 g of green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP directly to 20 g of PAO4 base oil, stir at room temperature until the additive is completely dissolved, continue to sonicate for 30 min to promote uniform dispersion of the additive, and after standing for 30 minutes, obtain a PAO6 lubricating oil sample containing 2 wt% NP.

[0034] Example 7 This embodiment provides a lubricating oil comprising the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP and PAO6 base oil prepared in Example 1, and includes the following steps: Add 0.8 g of green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP directly to 20 g of PAO4 base oil, stir at room temperature until the additive is completely dissolved, continue to sonicate for 30 min to promote uniform dispersion of the additive, and after standing for 30 minutes, obtain a PAO6 lubricating oil sample containing 4 wt% NP.

[0035] Example 8 This embodiment provides a lubricating oil comprising the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP and PAO10 base oil prepared in Example 1, and includes the following steps: Add 0.2 g of green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP directly to 20 g of PAO10 base oil, stir at room temperature until the additive is completely dissolved, continue to sonicate for 30 min to promote uniform dispersion of the additive, and after standing for 30 minutes, obtain a lubricating oil sample containing 1 wt% NP PAO10.

[0036] Example 9 This embodiment provides a lubricating oil comprising the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP and PAO10 base oil prepared in Example 1, and includes the following steps: Add 0.4 g of green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP directly to 20 g of PAO10 base oil, stir at room temperature until the additive is completely dissolved, continue to sonicate for 30 min to promote uniform dispersion of the additive, and after standing for 30 minutes, obtain a lubricating oil sample containing 2 wt% NPPAO10.

[0037] Example 10 This embodiment provides a lubricating oil comprising the green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP and PAO10 base oil prepared in Example 1, and includes the following steps: Add 0.8 g of green proton-type ionic liquid additive NP directly to 20 g of PAO10 base oil, stir at room temperature until the additive is completely dissolved, continue to sonicate for 30 min to promote uniform dispersion of the additive, and after standing for 30 minutes, obtain a lubricating oil sample containing 4 wt% NP PAO10.

[0038] The lubricating oils prepared in Examples 2-10 were tested using a friction and wear testing machine. The test conditions were: rotation speed 1450 r / min, load 30 kgf (294 N). The average wear scar diameters of the three balls are shown in Tables 1-3 below. An exemplary single-ball wear scar diagram is shown below. Figures 2-4 As shown.

[0039] Table 1. Friction properties of lubricating oils based on PAO4.

[0040] Table 2. Friction properties of lubricating oils based on PAO6.

[0041] Table 3. Friction properties of lubricating oils based on PAO10 base oil

[0042] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green proton-type ionic liquid lubricant additive, characterized in that, Its structural formula is: 。 2. A method for preparing the green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Mix trioctylamine with ethanol, heat and stir to obtain a uniform, clear yellow solution I; S2. Add dibutyl phosphate dropwise to solution I obtained in step S1, heat and stir to obtain a pale yellow clear solution II; Solution II obtained from step S3 and rotary evaporation of step S2 yields a viscous, pale yellow liquid. After separation and drying, a green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive is obtained.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1, the heating method for heating and stirring is oil bath heating, the stirring speed is 300 r / min, the heating temperature is 60~65℃, and the time is 10 min.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the molar ratio of trioctylamine to dibutyl phosphate is 1:

1.

5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the stirring method is magnetic stirring under closed conditions at a speed of 500 r / min.

6. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the heating temperature is 60~65℃ and the reaction time is 8~10 h.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S3 involves vacuum drying at a vacuum level of 0.1 MPa, a drying temperature of 60-70℃, and a drying time of 10-12 h.

8. The application of the green proton-type ionic liquid lubricating oil additive as described in claim 1 in the preparation of lubricating oil.

9. A lubricating oil, characterized in that, Components including the following mass percentages: Green proton-type ionic liquid lubricant additive, 1-4%; Base oil, 96-99%.

10. The lubricating oil according to claim 9, characterized in that, The base oil is selected from any one of PAO4, PAO6, and PAO10.

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