A metal cutting wire cutting machine tool for automobile accessory machining

Abstract

The application discloses a metal cutting line cutting machine for automobile accessory machining and belongs to the technical field of automobile accessory machining equipment, which comprises an electric spark cutting machine unit, a workbench and a workpiece positioning frame.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts processing equipment technology, and more specifically, to a metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for automotive parts processing. Background Technology

[0002] Wire EDM machines are core equipment for precision machining of automotive metal parts. They rely on the electro-erosion effect generated by the pulse discharge of the electrode wire to perform wire cutting on metal workpieces. They can efficiently complete precision cutting of automotive metal parts with irregular contours, high-precision holes and grooves, and complex curved surfaces. They are widely used in the precision machining processes of automotive stamping parts, precision structural parts, mold parts and other components.

[0003] Currently, in the wire EDM process used for automotive parts processing, the electrode wire in the machine is subjected to high-frequency pulse discharge for a long time. Due to the extremely high instantaneous temperature in the discharge area, the metal on the surface of the electrode wire will vaporize instantly. This causes the electrode wire to gradually thin during the cutting process, resulting in a continuous decrease in its current carrying capacity and structural strength. This makes it very easy for the electrode wire to overheat and melt during the cutting process, resulting in wire breakage. This not only causes abnormal discharge during the wire EDM process, affecting the processing effect, but also forces the processing to be interrupted. Operators need to spend time re-threading the wire and starting the process from scratch, which undoubtedly wastes a lot of time, prolongs the production cycle, and affects the processing efficiency of automotive parts.

[0004] In view of this, we propose a metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical problems to be solved The purpose of this invention is to provide a metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] Technical solution The present invention provides a metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts, comprising: An electrical discharge machining unit includes a base and a machine arm fixedly mounted on the base. A receiving cavity is provided on one side of the machine arm, and a controller is provided on the machine arm. The workbench is movably mounted on the base, and a liquid receiving tank is opened on the top of the workbench, in which a workpiece positioning frame is installed. The wire guide assembly includes a wire guide crossbar, a wire guide stand, a wire guide tube, a wire guide wheel assembly, and a wire winding roller; The electrode wire has one end wound around the outside of the winding roller and the other end movably inserted into the inside of the guide tube and the guide cross frame and fixedly connected to the winding roller. The winding roller is wound around the outside of the guide wheel assembly. The tension adjustment assembly includes an adjustment component installed in a receiving cavity and a tension detection component installed on the adjustment component, the detection end of which is in contact with the electrode wire; The working fluid circulation filtration assembly includes a liquid supply pipe, a liquid guide pipe, a liquid drain seat, and a circulation liquid supply component. The liquid drain seat is sleeved outside the electrode wire and connected to the bottom of the guide wire stand. The liquid guide pipe is connected to the liquid drain seat. A liquid flow control assembly includes a liquid flow housing that is connected through the machine arm, a liquid flow chamber inside the liquid flow housing, a liquid supply pipe and a liquid guide pipe connected through the liquid flow chamber, an adjustment component for adjusting the inner diameter of the liquid flow chamber installed inside the liquid flow housing, the top of the adjustment component extending into the receiving cavity and connected to the adjustment component, and a liquid flow detection component inside the adjustment component. The adjustment component, tension detection component, circulating liquid supply component, and liquid flow detection component are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0007] Preferably, the guide roller assembly and the winding roller are both installed in the receiving cavity, the guide crossbeam and the guide stand are both fixedly installed on the machine arm, and the guide crossbeam and the guide stand are both connected to the inside of the receiving cavity. The guide tube slides vertically through the guide stand. A clearance groove is provided at the top of the liquid receiving tank. The end of the guide crossbeam extends into the liquid receiving tank. An air vent is provided at the top of the guide crossbeam and on the side away from the machine arm, which is connected to the inside of the guide crossbeam. The guide tube is located directly above the guide hole. A cover plate for sealing the opening end of the receiving cavity is fixedly installed on the machine arm by screws.

[0008] Preferably, the adjusting component includes a mounting frame fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the receiving cavity, with horizontal telescopic rods symmetrically fixed on the mounting frame, and connecting blocks fixedly connected to the ends of the two telescopic rods. An electric cylinder fixedly installed on the mounting frame and connected to the connecting blocks is also fixedly mounted. The tension detection component includes a limiting slide rod, a bracket, a tensioning wheel, and a pressure sensor. A horizontally oriented limiting slide rod is symmetrically fixed on the connecting block. A bracket is slidably connected to the two limiting slide rods. A tensioning wheel is rotatably connected to the bracket. An electrode wire is wound around the outside of the tensioning wheel. A pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the connecting block and fits against the bracket. A spring is sleeved on the outside of both limiting slide rods.

[0009] Preferably, the circulating liquid supply component includes a liquid storage tank fixedly installed on the base, and a first pump fixedly installed on the liquid storage tank. The inlet end of the first pump is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the outlet end is fixedly installed with a connecting pipe. The supply pipe is fixedly installed on the machine arm, and the connecting pipe is connected to the supply pipe. A second pump is fixedly installed on the base. The outlet end of the second pump is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the inlet end is detachably connected to a filter. The other end of the filter is detachably connected to a corrugated hose, and the other end of the corrugated hose is connected through a liquid receiving tank.

[0010] Preferably, the adjusting component includes an adjusting plate, a sliding connector, a blocking block, and a connecting frame. The adjusting plate is vertically slidably connected to the liquid passage chamber. A sliding connector is installed at the bottom of the adjusting plate, and a blocking block is installed at the bottom of the sliding connector. The outer side wall of the blocking block is in contact with the inner side wall of the liquid passage chamber. A connecting frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting block. The top of the adjusting plate extends to the inner side of the connecting frame. An inclined guide hole is provided on the side wall of the adjusting plate and located inside the connecting frame. A bolt is installed on the connecting frame that movably passes through the guide hole, and the bolt is slidably hinged to the guide hole. The liquid passage detection component is located inside the sliding connector.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding connector includes a horizontal plate fixedly connected to the adjusting plate, with two limiting slide rods 2 moving vertically through the horizontal plate, and the sealing block being fixedly connected to the bottom of the two limiting slide rods 2. The liquid flow detection component includes a pressure sensor 2 fixedly installed at the bottom of the horizontal plate, with the bottom of the pressure sensor 2 in contact with the sealing block.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting bracket is equipped with a wear anomaly detection component, the bracket can abut against the wear anomaly detection component, and the wear anomaly detection component is communicatively connected to the controller; The wear anomaly detection component includes a mounting plate fixedly mounted on a mounting bracket, with one end of the mounting plate extending to the side of the bracket away from the telescopic rod and a pressure sensor fixedly mounted thereon.

[0013] Preferably, the controller includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, a database module, a data analysis module, a control module, and an alarm module; The data acquisition module is used to collect monitoring data from pressure sensor 1, pressure sensor 2, and pressure sensor 3. The data transmission module is used to process the data collected by the data acquisition module. The data processing module is used to process the data transmitted by the data transmission module. The database module has preset monitoring pressure thresholds for pressure sensor 1 and pressure sensor 3. The data analysis module is used to compare and analyze the data processed by the data processing module with the corresponding preset monitoring pressure thresholds in the database module. The control module controls the electric cylinder, liquid pump 1, liquid pump 2, and alarm module. The specific control process of the control module is as follows: The data analysis module compares and analyzes the real-time monitoring data of the pressure sensor collected by the data acquisition module with the corresponding preset monitoring pressure threshold in the database module, and controls the electric cylinder to move through the control module. The data analysis module compares and analyzes the real-time monitoring data of the pressure sensor three collected by the data acquisition module with the corresponding preset monitoring pressure threshold in the database module, and controls the liquid pump one and liquid pump two to operate synchronously through the control module. When the data analysis module analyzes the monitoring data of pressure sensor 2 collected by the data acquisition module and converts it into a positive value, it controls the liquid pump 1 and liquid pump 2 to stop through the control module, controls the electric cylinder to drive the connecting block to slide and reset along the telescopic rod, and controls the warning module to work.

[0014] Preferably, the drain seat includes a drain shell fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide wire support. An annular liquid passage pipe is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drain shell. Multiple drain pipes are connected in a ring array on the inner side of the annular liquid passage pipe. One end of the guide pipe passes through the drain shell and is connected in a continuous manner to the annular liquid passage pipe. The guide pipe is connected to one side of the liquid passage shell through a flexible pipe joint. The end of the drain pipe extending to the inner side of the annular liquid passage pipe is tapered. The guide wire tube can movably pass through the inner side of the multiple drain pipes.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the drain shell is equipped with a flow guiding assembly sleeved outside the electrode wire, which includes two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped flow guiding plates. One side of one arc-shaped flow guiding plate is fixed with a guide rod, and the other arc-shaped flow guiding plate has a locking hole on one side. The guide rod can be inserted into the locking hole and fits with the cross section of the arc-shaped flow guiding plate. Magnets are fixed on the sides of the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates that are close to each other. The bottom of the outer side wall of the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates is provided with mating threads, and the bottom of the inner side wall of the drain shell is provided with mating screw grooves. When the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates are in contact, the two magnets are attracted to each other, and the mating threads on the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates can engage with the mating screw grooves.

[0016] Beneficial effects One or more technical solutions provided in this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. During the machining of automotive metal parts, the tension adjustment component ensures real-time tension of the electrode wire, effectively reducing the vibration amplitude of the electrode wire and maintaining a stable position in space, thereby reducing machining errors and ensuring machining accuracy. Simultaneously, the effective tension of the electrode wire during wire EDM of automotive parts prevents high-frequency vibrations caused by loosening. Furthermore, when the working fluid is sprayed onto the electrode wire surface during wire EDM, a dynamic liquid film is stably formed on the surface for cooling, achieving efficient and stable liquid cooling of the electrode wire. This effectively reduces the temperature around the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire and slows down the rate at which the electrode wire thins during machining.

[0017] 2. By designing the liquid flow control component, when the current liquid cooling flow rate is insufficient to match the high temperature generated in the electrode wire discharge area, leading to gradual wear and thinning of the electrode wire due to overheating, the connecting block is moved towards the support by an electric cylinder. This keeps the electrode wire taut, increases the cross-sectional area of ​​the medium flow in the liquid flow chamber, increases the working fluid discharge volume, and enhances the cooling capacity of the electrode wire discharge area. This achieves dynamic cooling regulation of the electrode wire discharge area, suppressing further temperature increases in the electrode wire discharge area. This effectively prevents local overheating and melting of the electrode wire, reduces the wire breakage rate, and helps improve the cutting efficiency of automotive parts. Furthermore, increasing the working fluid flow rate enhances the flushing ability of the kerf, promptly washing out the etched products cut from the kerf. This further prevents the accumulation of etched products in the kerf, which could cause micro-short circuits in the discharge area, resulting in concentrated discharge energy, further increasing the temperature of the electrode wire discharge area, and accelerating wire breakage.

[0018] 3. Utilizing a special design in the drain seat that includes an annular liquid passage pipe and multiple drain pipes, when the electrode wire becomes thinner due to wear, the dust generated during cutting will adsorb onto the electrode wire surface under the action of the inter-electrode discharge electric field, forming an adhesion layer. When the working fluid is discharged through the drain pipe, it is sprayed onto the electrode wire, and the synchronously increased liquid cooling flow effectively enhances the removal effect of the dust adhering to the electrode wire surface. Thus, when the electrode wire moves inside the multiple drain pipes, the working fluid can effectively flush and clean the charged impurity particles adhering to the electrode wire surface. This effectively avoids the dust adhering to the electrode wire surface interfering with the stability of the spark discharge channel in the electrode wire discharge area, causing localized continuous short circuits, uneven discharge, and further heat concentration in the electrode wire discharge area, which could lead to electrode wire breakage.

[0019] 4. By setting up a flow guiding component, when the working fluid is discharged through multiple drain pipes, it flows downward along the inner wall of the two arc-shaped flow guide plates, thereby converging the flowing working fluid and allowing it to flow downward along the electrode wire. This helps to stably form a dynamic liquid film on the surface of the electrode wire for cooling, improving the cooling effect on the electrode wire. This, in turn, helps to reduce the temperature around the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire, further slowing down the rate at which the electrode wire thins during processing, and helping to reduce the wire breakage rate.

[0020] 5. When the bracket comes into contact with pressure sensor three, it indicates that the electrode wire has worn to its limit and needs to be replaced, or the electrode wire has broken. The data analysis module converts the analysis results of the monitoring data of pressure sensor two collected by the data acquisition module into a positive value. The control module then controls the liquid pump one and liquid pump two to stop, controls the electric cylinder to drive the connecting block to slide and reset along the telescopic rod, and controls the warning module to activate the external alarm to sound an alarm, thereby reminding the staff to replace the electrode wire. This facilitates quick intervention by the staff for maintenance, thus helping to improve the efficiency of machining automotive parts. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the tension adjustment component and the fluid flow control component of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tension adjustment component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the structure in section A.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the fluid flow control component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the adjustment plate and the connecting frame of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the sliding connector of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the drain seat of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the drain seat of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guiding component of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is a system block diagram of the controller of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) unit; 11. Base; 12. Machine arm; 121. Receiving cavity; 122. Cover plate; 2. Flow guiding assembly; 21. Arc-shaped flow guide plate; 22. Guide rod; 23. Magnet; 24. Connecting thread; 3. Workbench; 31. Liquid receiving tank; 32. Workpiece positioning frame; 4. Wire guide assembly; 41. Wire guide crossbar; 42. Wire guide stand; 43. Wire guide tube; 44. Wire guide wheel assembly; 45. Wire winding roller; 5. Electrode wire; 6. Tension adjustment assembly; 61. Adjustment component; 611. Mounting bracket; 612. Connecting block; 613. Electric cylinder; 62. Tension detection component; 621. Limiting slide bar one; 622. Bracket; 623. Tensioning wheel; 624. Pressure sensor one; 625. Spring; 7. Working fluid circulation filtration assembly; 71. Supply pipe; 72. Guide pipe; 73. Drain seat; 731. Drain shell; 732. Annular liquid passage pipe; 733. Drain pipe; 74. Circulating supply component; 741. Storage tank; 742. Pump 1; 743. Connecting pipe; 744. Filter; 745. Pump 2; 8. Liquid flow control component; 81. Liquid flow housing; 82. Adjustment component; 821. Adjusting plate; 8211. Guide slide hole; 822. Sliding connector; 8221. Horizontal plate; 8222. Limiting slide rod II; 823. Sealing block; 824. Connecting frame; 825. Bolts; 83. Liquid flow detection component; 831. Pressure sensor II; 84. Liquid flow chamber; 9. Wear anomaly detection component; 91. Mounting plate; 92. Pressure sensor three. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or a link; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] Reference Figures 1 to 12 This invention provides a metal wire cutting machine tool for processing automotive parts, comprising: The electric discharge cutting machine unit 1 includes a base 11 and a machine arm 12 fixedly mounted on the base 11. A receiving cavity 121 is opened on one side of the machine arm 12, and a controller is provided on the machine arm 12. The worktable 3 is movably mounted on the base 11. A liquid receiving tank 31 is provided on the top of the worktable 3, and a workpiece positioning frame 32 is installed in the liquid receiving tank 31. It is worth noting that the worktable 3 and the workpiece positioning frame 32 are existing structures, and the installation structure of the worktable 3 and the workpiece positioning frame 32, as well as the controller controlling the worktable 3 to translate in the X-axis or Y-axis direction, are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The wire guide assembly 4 includes a wire guide crossbeam 41, a wire guide stand 42, a wire guide tube 43, a wire guide wheel assembly 44, and a wire winding roller 45; Electrode wire 5, which is made of molybdenum wire, has one end wrapped around the outside of the winding roller 45 and the other end movably inserted into the inside of the guide tube 43 and the guide cross frame 41 and fixedly connected to the winding roller 45. The winding roller 45 is wrapped around the outside of the guide wheel assembly 44. The tension adjustment assembly 6 includes an adjustment component 61 installed in the receiving cavity 121 and a tension detection component 62 installed on the adjustment component 61, the detection end of which is in contact with the electrode wire 5. The working fluid circulation filtration assembly 7 includes a liquid supply pipe 71, a liquid guide pipe 72, a liquid drain seat 73, and a circulation liquid supply component 74. The liquid drain seat 73 is sleeved outside the electrode wire 5 and connected to the bottom of the guide wire stand 42. The liquid guide pipe 72 is connected to the liquid drain seat 73. The liquid flow control assembly 8 includes a liquid flow housing 81 that is connected through the arm 12. The liquid flow housing 81 is provided with a liquid flow chamber 84. The liquid supply pipe 71 and the liquid guide pipe 72 are connected through the liquid flow chamber 84. An adjustment component 82 for adjusting the inner diameter of the liquid flow chamber 84 is installed in the liquid flow housing 81. The top of the adjustment component 82 extends into the receiving cavity 121 and is connected to the adjustment component 61. A liquid flow detection component 83 is provided in the adjustment component 82. The adjusting component 61, tension detection component 62, circulating liquid supply component 74, and liquid flow detection component 83 are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0038] By designing the liquid flow control component 8, when the current liquid cooling flow rate is insufficient to match the high temperature generated in the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5, causing the electrode wire 5 to gradually wear down and become thinner due to overheating, the electric cylinder 613 drives the connecting block 612 to move towards the bracket 622. This keeps the electrode wire 5 in a taut state, increases the cross-sectional area of ​​the medium flow in the liquid flow chamber 84, increases the working fluid discharge, enhances the cooling capacity of the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5, and achieves dynamic cooling regulation of the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5. This suppresses further temperature increases in the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5, effectively preventing local overheating and melting of the electrode wire 5, reducing the wire breakage rate, and thus helping to improve the cutting efficiency of automotive parts. Furthermore, increasing the working fluid flow rate enhances the flushing ability of the kerf, promptly washing out the etched products cut from the kerf, further preventing the accumulation of etched products in the kerf, which could cause micro-short circuits in the discharge area, leading to concentrated discharge energy, further increasing the temperature of the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5, and accelerating the wire breakage.

[0039] In this embodiment, both the guide roller assembly 44 and the winding roller 45 are installed within the receiving cavity 121. The installation structure of the winding roller 45 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The guide roller assembly 44 includes multiple guide rollers rotatably connected within the receiving cavity 121. The electrode wire 5 is sequentially wound around the outer sides of the multiple guide rollers. The winding method of the electrode wire 5 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The guide crossbeam 41 and the guide stand 42 are both fixedly installed on the machine arm 12, and both the guide crossbeam 41 and the guide stand 42 are within the receiving cavity 121. The guide wire support 42 is connected to the guide wire support 42, and the guide wire tube 43 slides vertically through it. The installation structure between the guide wire tube 43 and the guide wire support 42 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The top of the liquid receiving tank 31 is provided with a clearance groove. The end of the guide wire crossbeam 41 extends into the liquid receiving tank 31. The top of the guide wire crossbeam 41 and the side away from the machine arm 12 is provided with a vent hole that communicates with its interior. The guide wire tube 43 is located directly above the guide wire hole. A cover plate 122 for sealing the opening end of the receiving cavity 121 is fixedly installed on the machine arm 12 by screws.

[0040] In this embodiment, the adjusting component 61 includes a mounting frame 611 fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the receiving cavity 121. Horizontal telescopic rods are symmetrically fixed on the mounting frame 611, and connecting blocks 612 are fixedly connected to the ends of the two telescopic rods. An electric cylinder 613 fixedly installed on the mounting frame 611 and fixedly connected to the connecting blocks 612 is also fixedly mounted on the mounting frame 611.

[0041] The tension detection component 62 includes a limiting slide bar 621, a bracket 622, a tensioning wheel 623, and a pressure sensor 624. The horizontally oriented limiting slide bars 621 are symmetrically fixed on the connecting block 612. The bracket 622 is slidably connected to the two limiting slide bars 621. The tensioning wheel 623 is rotatably connected to the bracket 622. The tensioning wheel 623 is located between two guide wheels in the guide wheel assembly 44. The electrode wire 5 is wound around the outside of the tensioning wheel 623. The pressure sensor 624, which is in contact with the bracket 622, is fixedly installed on the connecting block 612. Springs 625 are sleeved on the outside of the two limiting slide bars 621.

[0042] In this embodiment, the circulating liquid supply component 74 includes a liquid storage tank 741 fixedly installed on the base 11, and a first pump 742 fixedly installed on the liquid storage tank 741. The inlet end of the first pump 742 is connected to the liquid storage tank 741, and the outlet end is fixedly installed with a connecting pipe 743. The supply pipe 71 is fixedly installed on the arm 12, and the connecting pipe 743 is connected to the supply pipe 71. A second pump 745 is fixedly installed on the base 11. The outlet end of the second pump 745 is connected to the liquid storage tank 741, and the inlet end is detachably connected to a filter 744. The other end of the filter 744 is detachably connected to a corrugated hose, and the other end of the corrugated hose is connected through the liquid receiving tank 31.

[0043] In this embodiment, the adjusting component 82 includes an adjusting plate 821, a sliding connector 822, a blocking block 823, and a connecting frame 824. The adjusting plate 821 is vertically slidably connected to the liquid passage cavity 84. The sliding connector 822 is installed at the bottom of the adjusting plate 821, and the blocking block 823 is installed at the bottom of the sliding connector 822. The outer side wall of the blocking block 823 is in contact with the inner side wall of the liquid passage cavity 84. The connecting frame 824 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting block 612. The top of the adjusting plate 821 extends to the inner side of the connecting frame 824. An inclined guide hole 8211 is provided on the side wall of 21 and inside the connecting frame 824. A bolt 825 is installed on the connecting frame 824 and moves through the guide hole 8211. The bolt 825 is slidably hinged to the guide hole 8211. The outer side wall of the screw part of the bolt 825 is in contact with the inner side wall of the guide hole 8211. The bolt 825 can rotate in the guide hole 8211 and slide along the guide hole 8211. The liquid flow detection component 83 is located inside the sliding connector 822.

[0044] In this embodiment, the sliding connector 822 includes a horizontal plate 8221 fixedly connected to the adjusting plate 821. Two limiting slide rods 8222 move vertically through the horizontal plate 8221. The sealing block 823 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the two limiting slide rods 8222. The liquid flow detection component 83 includes a pressure sensor 831 fixedly installed at the bottom of the horizontal plate 8221. The bottom of the pressure sensor 831 is in contact with the sealing block 823.

[0045] In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 611 is equipped with a wear anomaly detection component 9, the bracket 622 can abut against the wear anomaly detection component 9, and the wear anomaly detection component 9 is communicatively connected to the controller; The wear anomaly detection component 9 includes a mounting plate 91 fixedly mounted on a mounting bracket 611. The end of the mounting plate 91 extends to the side of the bracket 622 away from the telescopic rod and a pressure sensor 92 is fixedly mounted thereon. When the bracket 622 comes into contact with the pressure sensor 92, it indicates that the electrode wire 5 has worn to its limit and needs to be replaced or that the electrode wire 5 has broken. The data analysis module converts the analysis results of the monitoring data of the pressure sensor 831 collected by the data acquisition module into a positive value. The control module controls the liquid pump 742 and the liquid pump 745 to stop, controls the electric cylinder 613 to drive the connecting block 612 to slide and reset along the telescopic rod, and controls the warning module to work, causing the external alarm to sound an alarm, thereby reminding the staff to replace the electrode wire 5. This facilitates quick intervention by the staff for maintenance, thereby helping to improve the efficiency of machining automotive parts.

[0046] In this embodiment, the controller includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, a database module, a data analysis module, a control module, and an alarm module. In this embodiment, the EDM machine unit 1 is also equipped with an alarm, and the alarm module is communicatively connected to the alarm. The data acquisition module is used to collect monitoring data from pressure sensor 624, pressure sensor 831, and pressure sensor 92. The data transmission module is used to process the data collected by the data acquisition module. The data processing module is used to process the data transmitted by the data transmission module. The database module has preset monitoring pressure thresholds for pressure sensor 624 and pressure sensor 92. Specifically, the database module has preset monitoring pressure thresholds for multiple pressure sensors 624, and these multiple monitoring pressure thresholds for pressure sensors 624 are connected to the electric cylinder 613 for drive. The displacement distance of block 612 is inversely proportional to the displacement distance of electric cylinder 613 driving connecting block 612. That is, the shorter the displacement distance of electric cylinder 613 driving connecting block 612, the higher the corresponding pressure threshold among the monitoring pressure thresholds of multiple pressure sensors 624. The data acquisition module is also used to collect the displacement distance of electric cylinder 613 driving connecting block 612. The data analysis module is used to compare and analyze the data processed by the data processing module with the corresponding monitoring pressure threshold preset in the database module, and to control the electric cylinder 613, liquid pump 742, liquid pump 745 and the alarm module through the control module. The specific control process of the control module is as follows: The data analysis module compares and analyzes the real-time monitoring data of the pressure sensor 624 collected by the data acquisition module with the corresponding preset monitoring pressure threshold in the database module, and controls the electric cylinder 613 to move through the control module. The data analysis module compares and analyzes the real-time monitoring data of pressure sensor 392 collected by the data acquisition module with the corresponding preset monitoring pressure threshold in the database module, and controls the liquid pump 1742 and liquid pump 2745 to operate synchronously through the control module. When the data analysis module analyzes the monitoring data of pressure sensor 831 collected by the data acquisition module and converts it into a positive value, it controls the liquid pump 742 and liquid pump 745 to stop through the control module, controls the electric cylinder 613 to drive the connecting block 612 to slide and reset along the telescopic rod, and controls the warning module to work.

[0047] In this embodiment, the drain seat 73 includes a drain shell 731 fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide wire support 42. An annular liquid passage tube 732 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drain shell 731. Multiple drain tubes 733 are connected in an annular array on the inner side of the annular liquid passage tube 732. One end of the drain tube 733 extending into the inner side of the annular liquid passage tube 732 has a frustum-shaped structure. One end of the guide tube 72 passes through the drain shell 731 and is connected to the annular liquid passage tube 732. The guide tube 72 is connected to one side of the liquid passage shell 81 through a flexible tube connector. The end of the drain tube 733 extending into the inner side of the annular liquid passage tube 732 is tapered. The guide wire tube 43 can movably pass through the inner side of the multiple drain tubes 733. The drain seat 73 utilizes the special design of including the annular liquid passage tube 732 and multiple drain tubes 733. When the electrode wire 5 becomes thinner due to wear, the dust generated during the cutting process will be adsorbed onto the surface of the electrode wire 5 under the action of the electric field of the inter-electrode discharge, forming an adhesion layer. When the working fluid is discharged through the drain pipe 733, it is sprayed horizontally onto the electrode wire 5, and the liquid cooling flow rate is increased simultaneously, which effectively enhances the removal effect of the dust adhering to the surface of the electrode wire 5. Thus, when the electrode wire 5 moves inside the multiple drain pipes 733, the working fluid can effectively flush and clean the charged impurity particles adhering to the surface of the electrode wire 5. This effectively avoids the dust adhering to the surface of the electrode wire 5 from interfering with the stability of the spark discharge channel, causing local continuous short circuits and uneven discharge, which would lead to further heat concentration and increase in the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5, and cause the electrode wire 5 to break.

[0048] In this embodiment, a flow guiding assembly 2, sleeved outside the electrode wire 5, is installed at the bottom of the drain shell 731. This assembly includes two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped flow guiding plates 21. A guide rod 22 is fixed to one side of one arc-shaped flow guiding plate 21, and a locking hole is opened on one side of the other arc-shaped flow guiding plate 21. The guide rod 22 can be inserted into the locking hole and its cross-section fits against the arc-shaped flow guiding plate 21. Magnets 23 are fixed to the sides of the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates 21 that are close to each other. A mating thread 24 is opened at the bottom of the outer sidewall of both arc-shaped flow guiding plates 21, and a mating thread groove is opened at the bottom of the inner sidewall of the drain shell 731. When the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates 21 are in contact, the two magnets... The 23-phase magnetic attraction is achieved, and the mating threads 24 on the two arc-shaped guide plates 21 can engage with the mating screw grooves. The longitudinal section of the two arc-shaped guide plates 21 located below the drain shell 731 forms an inverted frustum shape. By setting the guide assembly 2, when the working fluid is discharged through multiple drain pipes 733, it flows downward along the inner sidewall of the two arc-shaped guide plates 21, which helps the working fluid to flow downward along the electrode wire 5. This helps to stably form a dynamic liquid film on the surface of the electrode wire 5 for cooling, improves the cooling effect on the electrode wire 5, and further helps to reduce the temperature around the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5, further slowing down the rate at which the electrode wire 5 becomes thinner during processing, and helping to reduce the wire breakage rate.

[0049] Working principle and usage process of this invention: When using this wire EDM machine to perform metal cutting on automotive parts: The workpiece positioning frame 32 positions the automotive parts to be cut, and then the EDM machine unit 1 is controlled to work. The drive part of the wire winding roller 45 in the EDM machine unit 1 causes the wire winding roller 45 to reciprocate and rotate, which in turn moves the electrode wire 5. During this process, the workpiece is connected to the positive terminal of the pulse power supply through the workpiece positioning frame 32, and the electrode wire 5 is connected to the negative terminal of the high-frequency pulse power supply as a tool electrode. The part is cut by spark discharge. The pulse power supply provides processing energy, and an instantaneous high temperature heat source is formed in the electrode gap, causing local metal melting and vaporization. The controller controls the worktable 3 to move and feed in the X-axis or Y-axis direction, so that the automotive metal parts can be cut according to the preset cutting trajectory. During the machining of automotive metal parts, the pump 742 draws working fluid from the reservoir 741 and delivers it to the supply pipe 71 via the connecting pipe 743. From there, it is delivered through the supply pipe 71, the liquid passage chamber 84, and the guide pipe 72 to the drain seat 73. The fluid is then discharged through the drain seat 73 onto the electrode wire 5 and flows downwards along it. When a pulse voltage is applied between the electrode wire 5 and the workpiece, the working fluid is broken down, forming a discharge channel. The working fluid compresses the discharge channel, limiting its expansion and concentrating the discharge energy in a very small area. This enhances the etching effect and improves processing accuracy. Simultaneously, it absorbs and removes a large amount of heat, preventing the electrode wire 5 from burning out due to overheating and preventing localized annealing of the workpiece surface. Furthermore, the working fluid enters the kerf, using its flushing action to quickly remove the etching products from the processing area, preventing product accumulation that could clog the discharge gap or cause secondary discharge, ensuring continuous processing. After flowing downwards into the receiving tank 31, the working fluid flows through the corrugated hose towards the second pump 745. The second pump 745 is then controlled to operate, thereby removing the etching products from the workpiece. The working fluid is transported to the storage tank 741. During this process, the filter 744 filters out the powder entrained in the working fluid, thereby achieving the circulation and filtration effect of the working fluid and ensuring the cleanliness of the working fluid discharged through the drain seat 73. Furthermore, during the machining of automotive metal parts, the tension adjustment component 6 ensures real-time tension of the electrode wire 5, effectively reducing the vibration amplitude of the electrode wire 5 and maintaining a stable position in space, thereby reducing machining errors and ensuring machining accuracy. At the same time, during the wire cutting of automotive parts, the effective tension of the electrode wire 5 effectively prevents high-frequency vibration caused by loosening during the wire cutting process. When the working fluid is sprayed onto the surface of the electrode wire 5 during the wire cutting process, a dynamic liquid film can be stably formed on the surface of the electrode wire 5 for cooling, thereby achieving efficient and stable liquid cooling of the electrode wire 5. This effectively reduces the temperature around the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5 and slows down the rate at which the electrode wire 5 thins during the machining process.

[0050] During the continuous cutting and machining of automotive metal parts, when electrode wire 5 is corroded by discharge, causing electrode wear and gradually thinning, the overall tension of electrode wire 5 changes. At this time, the holding force of electrode wire 5 on tension wheel 623 decreases, and under the elastic force of spring 625, it exerts a resisting force on bracket 622. Simultaneously, the signal detected by pressure sensor 624 changes. The data acquisition module in the controller acquires the signal detected by pressure sensor 624, transmits it through the data transmission module to the data processing module for processing, and obtains the real-time pressure value. The data analysis module then analyzes the pressure... The sensor 624 performs real-time pressure value analysis. At this time, the real-time pressure value of the pressure sensor 624 is lower than the corresponding monitoring pressure threshold preset in the database module. The control module controls the electric cylinder 613 to drive the connecting block 612 to move towards the bracket 622, causing the tension wheel 623 to come into contact with the electrode wire 5. According to the displacement length of the connecting block 612 driven by the electric cylinder 613, until the real-time pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor 624 reaches the corresponding monitoring pressure threshold preset in the database module, the control module controls the electric cylinder 613 to stop working, thereby ensuring the tension of the electrode wire 5.

[0051] By designing the liquid flow control component 8, when the current liquid cooling flow rate is insufficient to match the high temperature generated in the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5, causing the electrode wire 5 to gradually wear down and become thinner due to overheating, the electric cylinder 613 drives the connecting block 612 to move towards the bracket 622 to keep the electrode wire 5 taut. At the same time, the connecting frame 824 drives the bolt 825 to move synchronously. The bolt 825 moves along the guide slide hole 8211 towards the lowest end of the guide slide hole 8211, thereby driving the adjusting plate 821 to move upward along the liquid flow shell 81. The two limit slide rods 8222 drive the sealing block 823. The upward movement increases the cross-sectional area for medium flow within the liquid passage chamber 84. At this time, the pressure exerted by the working fluid flowing within the liquid passage chamber 84 on the sealing block 823 decreases, causing a change in the detection signal of pressure sensor 831. The data acquisition module in the controller then acquires the detection signal from pressure sensor 831, which is transmitted to the data processing module via the data transmission module. The data processing module then analyzes the real-time pressure value of pressure sensor 831. If the real-time pressure value of pressure sensor 831 is lower than the corresponding preset monitoring pressure threshold in the database module, the control module synchronously controls the pump. The operating parameters of pump 742 and pump 745 are adjusted to synchronously increase the flow rate and speed of the working fluid. As the flow rate and speed of the working fluid increase, the pressure applied to the sealing block 823 increases when the working fluid flows into the liquid passage chamber 84. The real-time pressure value monitored by pressure sensor 831 reaches the corresponding monitoring pressure threshold preset in the database module. The control module maintains the operating parameters of pump 742 and pump 745. At this time, the flow rate of the working fluid discharged through the drain seat 73 increases, increasing the amount of working fluid discharged and enhancing the cooling capacity of the discharge area of ​​electrode wire 5. The dynamic cooling adjustment of the discharge area of ​​electrode wire 5 suppresses further temperature rise in the discharge area, effectively preventing local overheating and melting of electrode wire 5, reducing the wire breakage rate, and thus helping to improve the cutting efficiency of automotive parts. In addition, increasing the working fluid flow rate can enhance the flushing ability of the kerf, promptly flushing out the etched products cut out of the kerf, further preventing the accumulation of etched products in the kerf, which could cause micro-short circuits in the discharge area, resulting in concentrated discharge energy, further increasing the temperature of the discharge area of ​​electrode wire 5, and accelerating the occurrence of electrode wire breakage.

[0052] Utilizing the special design of the drain seat 73, which includes an annular liquid passage pipe 732 and multiple drain pipes 733, when the electrode wire 5 becomes thinner due to wear, the dust generated during cutting will adsorb onto the surface of the electrode wire 5 under the action of the inter-electrode discharge electric field, forming an adhesion layer. When the working fluid is discharged through the drain pipe 733, it is sprayed onto the electrode wire 5, and the synchronously increased liquid cooling flow effectively enhances the removal effect of the dust adhering to the surface of the electrode wire 5. Thus, when the electrode wire 5 moves inside the multiple drain pipes 733, the working fluid can effectively flush and clean the charged impurity particles adhering to the surface of the electrode wire 5. This effectively avoids the dust adhering to the surface of the electrode wire 5 interfering with the stability of the spark discharge channel in the electrode wire discharge area, causing local continuous short circuits and uneven discharge, which would lead to further heat concentration and increase in the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5, and cause the electrode wire 5 to break.

[0053] By setting the flow guiding component 2, when the working fluid is discharged through multiple drain pipes 733, it flows downward along the inner sidewall of the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates 21, thereby converging the flowing working fluid and allowing it to flow downward. This helps the working fluid to flow downward along the electrode wire 5, improving the cooling effect on the electrode wire 5, which in turn helps to reduce the temperature around the discharge area of ​​the electrode wire 5, further slowing down the rate at which the electrode wire 5 becomes thinner during processing, and helping to reduce the wire breakage rate. When the bracket 622 comes into contact with the pressure sensor 92, it indicates that the electrode wire 5 has worn to its limit and needs to be replaced, or the electrode wire 5 has broken. The data analysis module converts the analysis results of the monitoring data of the pressure sensor 831 collected by the data acquisition module into a positive value. The control module controls the liquid pump 742 and the liquid pump 745 to stop, controls the electric cylinder 613 to drive the connecting block 612 to slide and reset along the telescopic rod, and controls the warning module to work, so that the external alarm sounds, thereby reminding the staff to replace the electrode wire 5. This facilitates the staff to quickly intervene in maintenance, thereby helping to improve the efficiency of cutting and processing automotive parts.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts, characterized in that... ,include: An electrical discharge machining unit includes a base and a machine arm fixedly mounted on the base. A receiving cavity is provided on one side of the machine arm, and a controller is provided on the machine arm. The workbench is movably mounted on the base, and a liquid receiving tank is opened on the top of the workbench, in which a workpiece positioning frame is installed. The wire guide assembly includes a wire guide crossbar, a wire guide stand, a wire guide tube, a wire guide wheel assembly, and a wire winding roller; The electrode wire has one end wound around the outside of the winding roller and the other end movably inserted into the inside of the guide tube and the guide cross frame and fixedly connected to the winding roller. The winding roller is wound around the outside of the guide wheel assembly. The tension adjustment assembly includes an adjustment component installed in a receiving cavity and a tension detection component installed on the adjustment component, the detection end of which is in contact with the electrode wire; The working fluid circulation filtration assembly includes a liquid supply pipe, a liquid guide pipe, a liquid drain seat, and a circulation liquid supply component. The liquid drain seat is sleeved outside the electrode wire and connected to the bottom of the guide wire stand. The liquid guide pipe is connected to the liquid drain seat. A liquid flow control assembly includes a liquid flow housing that is connected through the machine arm, a liquid flow chamber inside the liquid flow housing, a liquid supply pipe and a liquid guide pipe connected through the liquid flow chamber, an adjustment component for adjusting the inner diameter of the liquid flow chamber installed inside the liquid flow housing, the top of the adjustment component extending into the receiving cavity and connected to the adjustment component, and a liquid flow detection component inside the adjustment component. The adjustment component, tension detection component, circulating liquid supply component, and liquid flow detection component are all communicatively connected to the controller.

2. The metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide roller assembly and the winding roller are both installed in the receiving cavity. The guide crossbeam and the guide stand are both fixedly installed on the machine arm, and the guide crossbeam and the guide stand are connected to the inside of the receiving cavity. The guide tube slides vertically through the guide stand. A clearance groove is opened at the top of the liquid receiving tank. The end of the guide crossbeam extends into the liquid receiving tank. An air vent is opened at the top of the guide crossbeam and on the side away from the machine arm, which is connected to the inside of the guide crossbeam. The guide tube is located directly above the guide hole. A cover plate for sealing the opening end of the receiving cavity is fixedly installed on the machine arm by screws.

3. The metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment component includes a mounting bracket fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the receiving cavity, with horizontal telescopic rods symmetrically fixed on the mounting bracket, and connecting blocks fixedly connected to the ends of the two telescopic rods. An electric cylinder fixedly installed on the mounting bracket and connected to the connecting blocks is also fixedly mounted. The tension detection component includes a limiting slide rod, a bracket, a tensioning wheel, and a pressure sensor. A horizontally oriented limiting slide rod is symmetrically fixed on the connecting block. A bracket is slidably connected to the two limiting slide rods. A tensioning wheel is rotatably connected to the bracket. An electrode wire is wound around the outside of the tensioning wheel. A pressure sensor is fixedly installed on the connecting block and fits against the bracket. A spring is sleeved on the outside of both limiting slide rods.

4. The metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circulating liquid supply component includes a liquid storage tank fixedly installed on the base, and a first pump fixedly installed on the liquid storage tank. The inlet end of the first pump is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the outlet end is fixedly installed with a connecting pipe. The supply pipe is fixedly installed on the machine arm, and the connecting pipe is connected to the supply pipe. A second pump is fixedly installed on the base. The outlet end of the second pump is connected to the liquid storage tank, and the inlet end is detachably connected to a filter. The other end of the filter is detachably connected to a corrugated hose, and the other end of the corrugated hose is connected to a liquid receiving tank.

5. The metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment component includes an adjustment plate, a sliding connector, a blocking block, and a connecting frame. The adjustment plate is vertically slidably connected to the liquid passage chamber. A sliding connector is installed at the bottom of the adjustment plate, and a blocking block is installed at the bottom of the sliding connector. The outer side wall of the blocking block is in contact with the inner side wall of the liquid passage chamber. A connecting frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting block. The top of the adjustment plate extends to the inner side of the connecting frame. An inclined guide hole is opened on the side wall of the adjustment plate and inside the connecting frame. A bolt is installed on the connecting frame that movably passes through the guide hole, and the bolt is slidably hinged to the guide hole. The liquid passage detection component is located inside the sliding connector.

6. The metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding connector includes a horizontal plate fixedly connected to the adjusting plate, with two limiting slide rods 2 moving vertically through the horizontal plate. The sealing block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the two limiting slide rods 2. The liquid flow detection component includes a pressure sensor 2 fixedly installed at the bottom of the horizontal plate, with the bottom of the pressure sensor 2 in contact with the sealing block.

7. The metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting bracket is equipped with a wear anomaly detection component. The bracket can abut against the wear anomaly detection component, and the wear anomaly detection component is communicatively connected to the controller. The wear anomaly detection component includes a mounting plate fixedly mounted on a mounting bracket, with one end of the mounting plate extending to the side of the bracket away from the telescopic rod and a pressure sensor fixedly mounted thereon.

8. The metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The controller includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module, a database module, a data analysis module, a control module, and an alarm module. The data acquisition module is used to collect monitoring data from pressure sensor 1, pressure sensor 2, and pressure sensor 3. The data transmission module is used to process the data collected by the data acquisition module. The data processing module is used to process the data transmitted by the data transmission module. The database module has preset monitoring pressure thresholds for pressure sensor 1 and pressure sensor 3. The data analysis module is used to compare and analyze the data processed by the data processing module with the corresponding preset monitoring pressure thresholds in the database module. The control module controls the electric cylinder, liquid pump 1, liquid pump 2, and alarm module. The specific control process of the control module is as follows: The data analysis module compares and analyzes the real-time monitoring data of the pressure sensor collected by the data acquisition module with the corresponding preset monitoring pressure threshold in the database module, and controls the electric cylinder to move through the control module. The data analysis module compares and analyzes the real-time monitoring data of the pressure sensor three collected by the data acquisition module with the corresponding preset monitoring pressure threshold in the database module, and controls the liquid pump one and liquid pump two to operate synchronously through the control module. When the data analysis module analyzes the monitoring data of pressure sensor 2 collected by the data acquisition module and converts it into a positive value, it controls the liquid pump 1 and liquid pump 2 to stop through the control module, controls the electric cylinder to drive the connecting block to slide and reset along the telescopic rod, and controls the warning module to work.

9. The metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drain seat includes a drain shell fixedly installed at the bottom of the guide wire support. An annular liquid passage pipe is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drain shell. Multiple drain pipes are connected in an annular array on the inner side of the annular liquid passage pipe. One end of the guide pipe passes through the drain shell and is connected to the annular liquid passage pipe. The guide pipe is connected to one side of the liquid passage shell through a flexible pipe joint. The end of the drain pipe extending to the inner side of the annular liquid passage pipe is tapered. The guide wire tube can movably pass through the inner side of the multiple drain pipes.

10. The metal cutting wire EDM machine tool for processing automotive parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom of the drain shell is equipped with a flow guiding assembly sleeved on the outside of the electrode wire. It includes two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped flow guiding plates. One side of one arc-shaped flow guiding plate is fixed with a guide rod, and the other arc-shaped flow guiding plate has a locking hole on one side. The guide rod can be inserted into the locking hole and fits with the cross section of the arc-shaped flow guiding plate. Magnets are fixed on the sides of the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates that are close to each other. The bottom of the outer side wall of the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates is provided with mating threads, and the bottom of the inner side wall of the drain shell is provided with mating screw grooves. When the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates are in contact, the two magnets are attracted to each other, and the mating threads on the two arc-shaped flow guiding plates can engage with the mating screw grooves.

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