An accurate sugarcane seedling sowing device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, and discloses a precise sugarcane seed stalk planting device, including a frame, a seed stalk input mechanism, a single stalk separation mechanism, a floating posture fixing mechanism, a center of gravity correction planting mechanism, and a seed furrow guiding mechanism. The invention features a floating posture fixing mechanism that carries the sugarcane seed stalk via a floating support frame. The torque generated by the weight distribution change of the sugarcane seed stalk drives the center of gravity adjustment component, allowing the sugarcane seed stalk to automatically complete its center of gravity balance adjustment before release. Simultaneously, an axial guide sleeve restricts lateral displacement of the seed stalk, maintaining a stable axial posture. The center of gravity correction planting mechanism then completes the release according to a set rhythm. This invention utilizes a mechanical adaptive method to replace complex detection and control, enabling the planting device to adapt to sugarcane seed stalks of different sizes, improving the consistency of seed stalk arrangement, the stability of planting depth, and the reliability of mechanized planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment technology, and in particular to a precise sugarcane seed stalk metering device. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of mechanized sugarcane planting, the cut sugarcane stalks need to be continuously put into the soil planting furrows at a certain interval, in a certain direction and at a certain depth to ensure that the buds of the stalks can germinate normally. Existing sugarcane planting equipment usually uses a conveyor chain, clamping wheel or rotating conveyor structure to transport and release the stalks, and continuous planting is achieved by controlling the mechanical movement cycle.

[0003] However, sugarcane seed stalks differ from ordinary seeds. They are long, strip-shaped agricultural planting materials, and in actual production, they have characteristics such as inconsistent length, significant diameter variations, uneven segment weight distribution, and natural curvature. Therefore, the same batch of sugarcane seed stalks cannot maintain a uniform geometric state. When using fixed clamping and fixed guiding methods for seeding, the seed stalks are prone to tilting, rotating, and axially shifting during transportation and release due to their own center of gravity shift. This results in inconsistent orientation of the seed stalks after entering the seed furrow, causing changes in the effective contact position of the buds with the soil, as well as fluctuations in plant spacing and a decrease in germination rate.

[0004] Existing technologies typically adjust the seed stem posture by improving the mechanical clamping accuracy or adding a visual inspection mechanism. However, rigid mechanical clamping methods are difficult to adapt to seed stems of different sizes, and complex detection and control systems are easily affected by dust, vibration, and continuous operation conditions in the field environment, leading to reduced equipment reliability.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention proposes a precise sugarcane seed stalk planting device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a precise sugarcane stalk planting device to solve the technical problem of how to automatically complete the center of gravity balance, axial correction and position adjustment of each sugarcane stalk with different structural characteristics before entering the soil during continuous mechanized planting, thereby avoiding the technical problems of planting direction deviation and unstable planting caused by individual differences in stalks.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device, comprising a frame, a seed stalk input mechanism, a single stalk separation mechanism, a floating posture fixing mechanism, a center of gravity correction planting mechanism, and a seed furrow guiding mechanism, wherein the seed stalk input mechanism, the single stalk separation mechanism, the floating posture fixing mechanism, the center of gravity correction planting mechanism, and the seed furrow guiding mechanism are sequentially installed on the frame along the sugarcane seed stalk movement direction; The single-root separation mechanism includes a rotating separation disk, a drive shaft, and multiple seed stalk receiving slots spaced apart along the circumference of the rotating separation disk. The rotating separation disk is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, and the seed stalk receiving slots are used to successively receive and transport single sugarcane seed stalks. The floating attitude-fixing mechanism is located on the output side of the rotating separation disk. The floating attitude-fixing mechanism includes a floating support frame, support rollers, an axial guide sleeve, and a center of gravity adjustment component. The floating support frame is rotatably connected to the machine frame via a rotating connecting shaft. The support rollers include a first support roller and a second support roller respectively located on both sides of the floating support frame along the axial direction of the sugarcane seed stalk, so that the sugarcane seed stalk output by the single-stalk separation mechanism is supported between the first support roller and the second support roller. The axial guide sleeve is located on the floating support frame and its guide axis corresponds to the predetermined planting direction of the sugarcane seed stalk. The center of gravity adjustment component is mounted on the floating support frame and includes a movable counterweight block that can move relative to the floating support frame and an elastic connector connected to the movable counterweight block, so that when the sugarcane seed stalks carried by the floating support frame deflect around the rotation connection axis due to uneven mass distribution, the movable counterweight block undergoes relative displacement and forms a compensating torque opposite to the deflection torque of the floating support frame. The center of gravity correction and seeding mechanism is located on the discharge side of the floating and fixed posture mechanism, and includes a flipping release frame rotatably mounted on the frame and a drive component for driving the flipping release frame to move periodically. The flipping release frame has a bearing state for receiving sugarcane seed stalks and a releasing state for releasing sugarcane seed stalks from the flipping release frame.

[0008] Preferably, the seed input mechanism includes a storage box, an inclined conveying trough, and a flexible conveying component. The outlet of the storage box is correspondingly arranged with the inlet end of the inclined conveying trough. An elastic flow-limiting baffle is provided at the outlet of the storage box. The flexible conveying component is arranged above the inclined conveying trough.

[0009] More preferably, the flexible feeding assembly includes a rotating shaft, a feeding disc fixed on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of elastic paddles spaced apart circumferentially along the feeding disc. The elastic paddles periodically enter the seed stalk conveying area of ​​the inclined conveying trough as the feeding disc rotates, so as to intermittently feed the sugarcane seed stalks.

[0010] Preferably, the single-strand separation mechanism further includes an elastic pressing component disposed around the rotating separation disk. The elastic pressing component includes an elastic pressing roller, a swing bracket, and a spring. One end of the swing bracket is rotatably connected to the frame, the elastic pressing roller is rotatably disposed at the other end of the swing bracket, and the spring acts on the swing bracket to press the elastic pressing roller toward the rotating separation disk.

[0011] The opening size of each stalk receiving trough is configured to allow a single sugarcane stalk to enter while restricting two sugarcane stalks to enter side by side. The elastic pressure roller is used to retain the sugarcane stalk in the stalk receiving trough after the corresponding stalk receiving trough leaves the feeding position.

[0012] Preferably, the floating support frame further includes a support frame and a limiting buffer. The support frame is rotatably connected to the frame via a rotating connecting shaft. The first support roller, the second support roller, the shaft alignment sleeve, and the center of gravity adjustment assembly are all disposed on the support frame. The limiting buffer is disposed between the support frame and the frame to limit the swing angle of the support frame around the rotating connecting shaft and to buffer the swing of the support frame.

[0013] Preferably, the first support roller and the second support roller are rotatably mounted on the floating support frame via rollers, and the outer periphery of the first support roller and the second support roller are provided with a flexible contact layer, so that the sugarcane seed stalk can generate a restricted displacement along its own axial direction under the support of the first support roller and the second support roller, and the contact impact between the support roller and the sugarcane seed stalk is buffered by the flexible contact layer.

[0014] Preferably, the axial guide sleeve includes a conical inlet and a guide channel connected sequentially along the sugarcane seed stalk conveying direction. The cross-section of the conical inlet gradually decreases in the direction toward the guide channel. The inner wall of the guide channel is provided with a flexible inner wall layer. The sugarcane seed stalk carried by the first support roller and the second support roller passes through the axial guide sleeve so that the sugarcane seed stalk that has shifted laterally moves toward the axial direction of the guide channel under the guidance of the conical inlet.

[0015] Preferably, the center of gravity adjustment component further includes a sliding guide rail disposed on the floating support frame, the movable counterweight block is slidably engaged with the sliding guide rail, one end of the elastic connector is connected to the movable counterweight block, and the other end is connected to the floating support frame.

[0016] More preferably, the sliding guide rail is disposed below the rotating connecting shaft and extends in the direction that can change the lever arm of the movable counterweight relative to the rotating connecting shaft, so that when the floating support frame deflects, the movable counterweight moves along the sliding guide rail and changes its position relative to the rotating connecting shaft, and the movement of the movable counterweight is elastically constrained and reset by the elastic connector.

[0017] Preferably, the flipping release frame includes a rotating shaft, a receiving plate, and a release drive arm. The receiving plate is rotatably connected to the frame via the rotating shaft, and the release drive arm is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0018] More preferably, the drive assembly includes a power input wheel, a drive shaft, a cam mechanism, and a return spring. The power input wheel is connected to the drive shaft, and the cam mechanism is mounted on the drive shaft and corresponding to the release drive arm. When the working contour of the cam mechanism acts on the release drive arm, it drives the receiving plate to rotate from the bearing state to the release state. After the cam mechanism releases the drive on the release drive arm, the return spring resets the receiving plate.

[0019] Preferably, the center of gravity correction and seeding mechanism further includes a synchronous limiting rod and a flexible guide cylinder. The synchronous limiting rod includes a swing rod, a limiting roller disposed on the swing rod, and an elastic reset member acting on the swing rod. The swing rod is linked with the flipping release frame so that when the flipping release frame is in the bearing state, the limiting roller is located on the side of the sugarcane seed stalk, and when the flipping release frame rotates to the release state, the limiting roller exits the release path of the sugarcane seed stalk. The flexible guide cylinder is disposed below the flipping release frame, and the inner side of the flexible guide cylinder forms an arc-shaped guide surface for continuously supporting and guiding the sugarcane seed stalk to fall.

[0020] The seed trench guiding mechanism is located in the lower region of the flexible guide and includes a contour wheel, a wheel axle, a floating connecting frame, and a seed dropping adjustment plate. The contour wheel is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the floating connecting frame via the wheel axle. The floating connecting frame includes a contour connecting arm, a rotating pin, and a buffer spring. The contour connecting arm is connected to the frame via the rotating pin, and the buffer spring is located between the contour connecting arm and the frame. The seed dropping adjustment plate includes an adjustment plate located at the outlet of the flexible guide cylinder and a guide sidewall located on the side of the adjustment plate.

[0021] A precise sugarcane seed stalk planting device further includes a power input shaft and a first drive sprocket, a second drive sprocket, and a third transmission sprocket mounted on the power input shaft. The first drive sprocket is driven to the rotating shaft of the seed stalk input mechanism, the second drive sprocket is driven to the drive shaft of the single stalk separation mechanism, and the third transmission sprocket is driven to the transmission shaft of the center-of-gravity correction planting mechanism, so that the feeding action of the seed stalk input mechanism, the single stalk separation action of the single stalk separation mechanism, and the release action of the center-of-gravity correction planting mechanism are coordinated and executed by the same power input shaft according to a predetermined transmission ratio.

[0022] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention transforms the traditional fixed bearing structure into a floating bearing frame with limited swing freedom. It directly utilizes gravitational potential energy, torque balance, and elastic recovery to achieve passive self-adaptation. This allows the bearing frame deflection caused by the eccentricity of the seed stalk mass to directly change the relative position of the counterweight blocks, and weakens the original deflection with a reverse torque. At the same time, the mutual interference between multiple seed stalks is eliminated in advance by single-stalk separation in the front stage, and the adjusted state is continuously maintained by synchronous limiting and flexible guidance in the rear stage. This invention solves the problem of unstable posture caused by the non-standardization of sugarcane seed stalks. The floating posture-fixing mechanism enables the seed stalk to automatically find a stable state, instead of relying on rigid clamping for forced positioning. The weight difference of the seed stalk, which is traditionally considered to affect the accuracy of seeding, is transformed into mechanical adjustment power. Automatic compensation is achieved through the center of gravity adjustment component, which improves the adaptability of the equipment. Moreover, this invention forms a continuous technology chain through single-stalk separation, floating posture fixation, and stable release, so that the sugarcane seed stalk remains in a controlled state from entering the equipment to entering the soil. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the seed stem input mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the single-root separation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the floating attitude-fixing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the center-of-gravity adjustment component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the center-of-gravity correction and seed metering mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall workflow of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 11. Longitudinal support beam; 12. Transverse connecting beam; 13. Mounting support; 2. Seed stem input mechanism; 21. Storage bin; 211. Elastic flow-limiting baffle; 22. Inclined conveying trough; 23. Flexible conveying assembly; 231. Rotating shaft; 232. Conveying disc; 233. Elastic paddle; 3. Single stem separation mechanism; 31. Rotating separation disc; 32. Drive shaft; 33. Seed stem receiving trough; 34. Elastic pressing assembly; 3 41. Elastic pressure roller; 342. Swinging bracket; 343. Spring; 4. Floating attitude-fixing mechanism; 41. Floating support frame; 411. Rotating connecting shaft; 412. Support frame; 413. Limiting buffer; 42. Support roller; 421. First support roller; 422. Second support roller; 423. Flexible contact layer; 43. Axial guide sleeve; 431. Conical inlet; 432. Guide channel; 433. Flexible inner wall layer; 44 441. Center of gravity adjustment assembly; 442. Sliding guide rail; 443. Moving counterweight; 4444. Elastic connector; 5. Center of gravity correction and seeding mechanism; 51. Tilting release frame; 511. Rotating shaft; 512. Support plate; 513. Connecting arm; 52. Drive assembly; 521. Power input wheel; 522. Transmission shaft; 523. Cam mechanism; 524. Return spring; 53. Synchronous limit rod; 531. Swing rod; 532. Limiting roller; 533. Elastic reset component; 54. Flexible guide cylinder; 541. Arc-shaped guide surface; 6. Seed furrow guide mechanism; 61. Contouring wheel; 611. Wheel axle; 62. Floating connecting frame; 621. Connecting arm; 622. Rotating pin; 623. Buffer spring; 63. Seed dropping adjustment plate; 631. Adjusting plate; 632. Guide sidewall; 8. Power input shaft; 81. First drive sprocket; 82. Second drive sprocket; 83. Third transmission sprocket. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device, which is mainly used to convert the sugarcane seed stalks after being cut into sections from the storage state to the single-stalk conveying state, the stable posture state, and the controlled planting state in sequence, so as to reduce the replanting, jamming, posture deviation and planting position fluctuation caused by individual differences in the length, diameter, curvature and axial mass distribution of sugarcane seed stalks.

[0027] The system includes a frame 1, a seed stalk input mechanism 2, a single stalk separation mechanism 3, a floating and posture-fixing mechanism 4, a center of gravity correction and seed metering mechanism 5, and a seed furrow guiding mechanism 6. The seed stalk input mechanism 2, the single stalk separation mechanism 3, the floating and posture-fixing mechanism 4, the center of gravity correction and seed metering mechanism 5, and the seed furrow guiding mechanism 6 are sequentially installed on the frame 1 along the direction of sugarcane seed stalk movement, and the discharge position of the previous stage mechanism corresponds to the receiving position of the next stage mechanism.

[0028] The seed stalk input mechanism 2 is located on the feeding side of the frame 1. The seed stalk input mechanism 2 includes a storage box 21, an inclined conveying trough 22, and a flexible conveying assembly 23. The outlet of the storage box 21 corresponds to the feeding end of the inclined conveying trough 22. An elastic flow-limiting baffle 211 is provided at the outlet of the storage box 21. The storage box 21 is used to accommodate sugarcane seed stalks after batch cutting. The bottom of the storage box 21 forms a gradually decreasing guiding surface on the side facing the inclined conveying trough 22, allowing the upper seed stalks to replenish the outlet area under their own weight. One end of the elastic flow-limiting baffle 211 is rotatably connected to the storage box 21, and the other end faces the outlet and forms a surface that can be... The flow-limiting part is opened by the seed stalk, and a pre-tightening force towards the closed position is applied by a torsion spring, tension spring or other elastic element. When multiple seed stalks gather at the outlet at the same time, the squeezing force exerted by the multiple seed stalks on the elastic flow-limiting baffle 211 increases, and the elastic flow-limiting baffle 211 makes limited clearance. After a single or a small number of seed stalks pass through, it automatically resets, thereby preventing a large number of seed stalks in the storage box 21 from being pressed into the inclined conveying trough 22 at the same time. The inclined conveying trough 22 is lowered towards the single-stalk separation mechanism 3 along the seed stalk conveying direction, and groove walls are formed on both sides to restrict the lateral spread of seed stalks. Its effective groove width allows sugarcane seed stalks to enter the separation area along the predetermined axis.

[0029] The flexible feeding assembly 23 is disposed above the inclined conveying trough 22. The flexible feeding assembly 23 includes a rotating shaft 231, a feeding disk 232 fixed on the rotating shaft 231, and a plurality of elastic paddles 233 spaced circumferentially along the feeding disk 232. The elastic paddles 233 periodically enter the seed stalk conveying area of ​​the inclined conveying trough 22 as the feeding disk 232 rotates to intermittently feed the sugarcane seed stalks. The elastic paddles 233 adopt a thin rubber sheet structure with elastic recovery capability. The depth of their insertion into the inclined conveying trough 22 is set to generate a forward thrust on a single seed stalk, while allowing the paddles to bend themselves when encountering sugarcane nodes with larger diameters, obvious bends, or local protrusions. The mechanism avoids using rigid teeth to directly press the stuck seed stalk downstream. After one elastic lever 233 completes the feeding and exits the inclined conveying trough 22, the next elastic lever 233 re-enters after a circumferential interval. This creates a periodic intermittent feeding under continuous rotational input, transforming the continuous rotational motion of the power input shaft 8 into a periodic discrete push of the seed stalk by the elastic lever 233. The elastic deformation is used to compensate for mechanical tolerances of different diameters and local bends. The resulting technical effect is to avoid the seed stalk being blocked by continuous rigid pressure and to create a certain time interval between adjacent sugarcane seed stalks before entering the single-root separation mechanism 3.

[0030] A single-stem separation mechanism 3 is located at the discharge end of the inclined conveying trough 22. The single-stem separation mechanism 3 includes a rotating separation disk 31, a drive shaft 32, and multiple seed stalk receiving troughs 33 spaced apart circumferentially along the rotating separation disk 31. The rotating separation disk 31 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 32. The seed stalk receiving troughs 33 are used to successively receive and convey single sugarcane seed stalks. To accommodate long, strip-shaped sugarcane seed stalks, the rotation axis of the rotating separation disk 31 is preferably substantially parallel to the predetermined axial direction of the sugarcane seed stalk. The various stalk receiving troughs 33 are spaced apart along the outer periphery of the rotating separation disk 31 and along the circumference of the sugarcane seed stalk. The sugarcane stalk is axially formed with an elongated groove that can support a single stalk, allowing the single stalk to enter the corresponding stalk receiving groove 33 with its axis basically parallel to the drive shaft 32. The opening size of the stalk receiving groove 33 is set according to the allowable diameter range of the stalk to be planted. Its effective opening width is greater than the maximum normal passage size of a single stalk within the allowable diameter range, and less than the combined width formed when two stalks enter side by side. This ensures that after the first stalk enters, the second stalk is blocked by the edge of the groove and remains in the feeding area, without moving together with the stalk receiving groove 33.

[0031] The single-root separation mechanism 3 also includes an elastic pressing component 34 disposed around the rotating separation disk 31. The elastic pressing component 34 includes an elastic pressing roller 341, a swing bracket 342, and a spring 343. One end of the swing bracket 342 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, and the elastic pressing roller 341 is rotatably disposed at the other end of the swing bracket 342. The spring 343 acts on the swing bracket 342 to press the elastic pressing roller 341 toward the rotating separation disk 31, so that the swing bracket 342 is always subjected to the elastic force that drives the elastic pressing roller 341 toward the rotating separation disk 31. When the seed stalk receiving groove 33 containing sugarcane seed stalks passes the elastic pressing roller 341, the sugarcane seed stalk pushes the elastic pressing roller 341 outward. The swing bracket 342 rotates around its connection position and compresses or stretches the spring 343. The spring 343 forms a recovery force. The combined force acts on the sugarcane seed stalk through the elastic pressure roller 341, keeping the seed stalk within the seed stalk receiving groove 33. When the diameter of the seed stalk or the local size of the sugarcane node changes, the elastic pressure roller 341 can automatically make radial clearance with the swing support 342, without damaging the bud eye due to too small a fixed gap or causing the seed stalk to fall out of the groove prematurely due to too large a fixed gap. When the seed stalk receiving groove 33 moves to the predetermined output position, the elastic pressure roller 341 gradually separates from the seed stalk. The seed stalk leaves the seed stalk receiving groove 33 under the combined action of gravity and the downstream receiving structure. The flexible holding force generated by the spring 343 can replace the fixed rigid clamping force, and the holding force only acts on the angle range of the rotating separation disc 31 that needs to hold the seed stalk. The resulting technical effect is to ensure reliable holding of seed stalks of different diameters and protection of the bud eye.

[0032] It is worth noting that the opening size of each stalk receiving groove 33 is configured to allow a single sugarcane stalk to enter while restricting two sugarcane stalks to enter side by side. The elastic pressure roller 341 is used to keep the sugarcane stalk in the corresponding stalk receiving groove 33 within the stalk receiving groove 33 after the corresponding stalk receiving groove 33 leaves the feeding position.

[0033] The floating attitude-fixing mechanism 4 is located on the output side of the rotating separation disk 31. The floating attitude-fixing mechanism 4 includes a floating support frame 41, a support roller 42, an axis guide sleeve 43, and a center of gravity adjustment component 44. The floating support frame 41 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 via a rotating connecting shaft 411. The support frame 412 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 via a rotating connecting shaft 411. The first support roller 421, the second support roller 422, the axis guide sleeve 43, and the center of gravity adjustment component 44 are all located on the support frame 412. The limiting buffer 413 is located between the support frame 412 and the frame 1 to limit the swing angle of the support frame 412 around the rotating connecting shaft 411 and to buffer the swing of the support frame 412.

[0034] A axial guide sleeve 43 is mounted on the floating support frame 41, and its guide axis corresponds to the predetermined planting direction of the sugarcane seed stalks. The floating support frame 41 also includes a support frame 412 and a limiting buffer 413. A rotatable connecting shaft 411 is located in the middle region of the support frame 412, and its axis is adapted to the swing direction corresponding to the posture to be corrected. When the support frame 412 is unloaded, the support frame 412 is maintained at a preset reference posture under the combined action of the center of gravity adjustment component 44 and the limiting buffer 413. The limiting buffer 413 is mounted on the support frame 412. The space between the load frame 412 and the frame 1 can be composed of elastic limiting blocks, elastic support members, or buffer members with damping effect located on both sides of the swing direction. When the load frame 412 deflects, it limits its maximum swing angle and absorbs the impact energy generated when the seed stalk falls from the rotating separation disk 31. This allows the load frame 412 to no longer act as a rigid fixed platform, but as a restricted degree of freedom member that can respond to the displacement of the seed stalk mass eccentricity. At the same time, the limiting buffer member 413 is used to prevent field vibrations from causing this degree of freedom to develop into uncontrolled large swing.

[0035] The support rollers 42 include a first support roller 421 and a second support roller 422 respectively disposed on both sides of the floating support frame 41 along the axial direction of the sugarcane stalk, so that the sugarcane stalk output by the single-stalk separation mechanism 3 is supported between the first support rollers 421 and the second support rollers 422. The first support rollers 421 and the second support rollers 422 are respectively rotatably disposed on the floating support frame 41 via rollers, and the outer periphery of the first support rollers 421 and the second support rollers 422 are provided with flexible contact layers 423, so that the sugarcane stalk can generate restricted displacement along its own axial direction under the support of the first support rollers 421 and the second support rollers 422, and the contact impact between the support rollers 42 and the sugarcane stalk is buffered by the flexible contact layers 423.

[0036] The axial distance between the two support rollers is set according to the length range of the sugarcane stalk to be planted. If necessary, the mounting base can change the spacing through the adjusting elongated hole on the bearing frame 412 so that sugarcane stalks of different lengths can be stably supported in two separate support areas. The flexible contact layer 423 is made of a material with friction and capable of producing local elastic deformation, so that the stalk will not directly collide with the metal roller after falling in. At the same time, when the stalk is guided by the axial guide sleeve 43, it can generate limited axial adjustment by rotating the support roller 42, instead of forcibly sliding on the fixed support surface. The output position of the rotating separation disk 31 is located above the receiving area formed by the two support rollers, so that the seed stalks that have been separated from the seed stalk receiving groove 33 are preferentially supported by the first support roller 421 and the second support roller 422. The actual mass distribution of the sugarcane seed stalks acting on the bearing frame 412 can be converted into a perceptible difference in support reaction force by two mutually separated flexible rolling fulcrums. At the same time, it allows the seed stalks to make small position corrections during the alignment process. This avoids the use of rigid clamps to artificially change the natural stress state of the seed stalks and reduces jamming and bud abrasion caused by excessive dry friction during the posture adjustment process.

[0037] The axial guide sleeve 43 includes a conical inlet 431 and a guide channel 432 connected sequentially along the sugarcane seed stalk conveying direction. The cross-section of the conical inlet 431 gradually decreases along the direction towards the guide channel 432. The inner wall of the guide channel 432 is provided with a flexible inner wall layer 433. The sugarcane seed stalks carried by the first support roller 421 and the second support roller 422 pass through the axial guide sleeve 43, so that the sugarcane seed stalks that are laterally offset move towards the axial direction of the guide channel 432 under the guidance of the conical inlet 431. Specifically, the axial guide sleeve 43 adopts a split guide structure with a material discharge opening on the upper side. The end of the conical inlet 431 near the rotating separation disc 31 forms the conical inlet 431. The effective guiding cross-section of the conical inlet 431 gradually decreases along the direction towards the guide channel 432 and eventually connects with the guide channel 432. The effective width of the guide channel 432 is slightly larger than the diameter of the sugarcane stalk within the allowable range, so as to allow the axial movement of the stalk while limiting its excessive lateral deviation. The inner wall of the guide channel 432 is provided with a flexible inner wall layer 433. When the stalk falls from the rotating separation disc 31 into the space between the two support rollers and its axis deviates from the predetermined planting direction, the stalk first contacts the inclined guide surface of the conical inlet 431. As the stalk rolls or moves slightly axially on the support rollers 42, the inclined guide surface generates a component force pointing towards the center of the guide channel 432, so that the stalk gradually enters the guide channel 432 and its lateral swing is restricted by the flexible inner wall layer 433. The random lateral deviation can be gradually transformed into a smaller central deviation by using the geometric constraint from wide to narrow, instead of directly clamping the stalk through a suddenly narrowed rigid inlet.

[0038] The center of gravity adjustment assembly 44 is mounted on the floating support frame 41 and includes a movable counterweight 442 that can move relative to the floating support frame 41 and an elastic connector 443 connected to the movable counterweight 442. This allows the movable counterweight 442 to undergo relative displacement and generate a compensating torque opposite to the deflection torque of the floating support frame 41 when the sugarcane seed stalks it carries deflect around the rotational connecting shaft 411 due to uneven mass distribution. The center of gravity adjustment assembly 44 also includes a sliding guide rail 441 mounted on the floating support frame 41 and the movable counterweight... 442 is slidably engaged with the sliding guide rail 441. One end of the elastic connector 443 is connected to the movable counterweight 442, and the other end is connected to the floating support frame 41. The sliding guide rail 441 is located below the rotating connecting shaft 411 and extends in the direction that can change the lever arm of the movable counterweight 442 relative to the rotating connecting shaft 411. When the floating support frame 41 deflects, the movable counterweight 442 moves along the sliding guide rail 441 and changes its position relative to the rotating connecting shaft 411. The elastic connector 443 elastically constrains and resets the movement of the movable counterweight 442.

[0039] Specifically, to ensure that the moving counterweight 442 generates a reverse restoring torque instead of a unidirectional aggravating torque when the floating support frame 41 deflects, this embodiment sets the sliding guide rail 441 as an arc-shaped guide rail with the center of curvature near the axis of the rotating connecting shaft 411. The moving counterweight 442 is located below the rotating connecting shaft 411 and can move circumferentially along the arc-shaped guide rail. A low-friction slider is provided between the sliding guide rail 441 and the moving counterweight 442. One end of the elastic connector 443 is connected to the moving counterweight 442, and the other end is connected to the floating support frame 41, so that the moving counterweight 442 is subjected to an elastic preload towards the middle position of the arc-shaped guide rail when the support frame 412 is in the reference posture. The elastic connector 443 adopts a set of symmetrically arranged tension springs. When one end of the sugarcane stalk is thicker, has a higher water content, or has a larger mass in a local segment, causing the support frame 412 to deflect around the rotating connecting shaft 411 to that side, the arc-shaped sliding guide rail 442... 1. The moving counterweight 442 deflects synchronously with the bearing frame 412, and under its own gravity, it tends to remain at the lowest potential energy position below the rotating connecting shaft 411. Therefore, the moving counterweight 442 moves relative to the already deflected bearing frame 412 along the arc-shaped sliding guide rail 441 to the side opposite to the sinking side of the bearing frame 412. This relative movement changes the gravitational lever arm of the moving counterweight 442 relative to the rotating connecting shaft 411 and forms a restoring torque opposite to the original deflection torque. The elastic connector 443 limits the moving speed of the moving counterweight 442 and pulls it back to the center position when the external deflection load decreases. This can directly convert the mass eccentricity that originally caused the planting error of the sugarcane seed stalk into the trigger amount of the mechanical compensation action, so that the bearing frame 412 tends to the preset planting posture without the need for electronic weighing, attitude sensors and active servo actuators, while avoiding the structural defects of simple free counterweight sliding to the lower side and further amplifying the tilt.

[0040] It should be noted that at the instant the sugarcane seed enters the floating posture-fixing mechanism 4, the impact of the falling seed is first absorbed by the flexible contact layer 423 and the limiting buffer 413. Subsequently, the position of the actual center of mass of the seed relative to the rotating connecting shaft 411 determines the initial deflection torque of the bearing frame 412. After the bearing frame 412 swings at a small angle, it drives the center of gravity adjustment component 44 to generate reverse compensation. At the same time, the axial guide sleeve 43 applies gradually increasing geometric constraints to the lateral position of the seed. Therefore, the floating posture-fixing mechanism 4 does not simply restore the bearing frame to a horizontal position, but rather, in the same bearing stage, it converges the axial position and support posture of the seed to the allowable range. The limiting buffer 413 and the elastic connector 443 also dampen the entire convergence process, preventing the moving counterweight 442 and the bearing frame 412 from continuously swinging back and forth after approaching the reference position. By using passive mechanical negative feedback, the change in the restoring torque formed by the counterweight is more obvious when the deflection is greater, while the restoring torque decreases when the bearing frame 412 approaches the reference posture.

[0041] It is worth noting that the key to the center of gravity adjustment component 44 is that the position and extension of the sliding guide rail 441 relative to the rotating connecting shaft 411 can ensure that the moving counterweight 442 forms a restoring torque opposite to the direction of deflection when the bearing frame 412 deflects. Furthermore, this embodiment adopts an arc-shaped sliding guide rail whose curvature center corresponds to the vicinity of the rotating connecting shaft 411 and is located below the rotating connecting shaft 411. This allows the gravity effect of the counterweight tending towards the lowest potential energy position to be converted into a tendency to move in the opposite direction relative to the bearing frame 412 after the bearing frame 412 deflects. This avoids the problem of ordinary lateral free sliders sliding to the lower side after the support surface tilts, which further aggravates the tilt.

[0042] Moreover, the floating attitude-fixing mechanism 4 is not set up in isolation, but must take the single-root input formed by the previous single-root separation mechanism 3 as the working premise, and take the subsequent center of gravity correction and seeding mechanism 5 with a definite mechanical phase as the result output path. If the floating support frame 41 simultaneously bears two seed stems in contact with each other, its deflection cannot reflect the mass distribution of any single seed stem, and the center of gravity compensation will lose its meaning. Therefore, this embodiment ensures that the single-root capacity limit of the seed stem receiving groove 33 and the elastic holding component 34 ensure that the seed stem entering the floating attitude-fixing area is a single seed stem. If the seed stem after completing the attitude fixation is released by high-speed throwing or high-altitude free fall, its attitude fixation result will be destroyed again. Therefore, this invention uses the cam mechanism 523 to control the flipping of the receiving plate 512, and uses the synchronous limit rod 53 and the flexible guide cylinder 54 to keep the seed stem in a controlled motion state from the completion of the attitude fixation until it enters the trench.

[0043] The center-of-gravity correction and seeding mechanism 5 is located on the discharge side of the floating and attitude-fixing mechanism 4, and includes a flipping release frame 51 rotatably mounted on the frame 1 and a drive assembly 52 for driving the flipping release frame 51 to periodically move. The flipping release frame 51 has a bearing state for receiving sugarcane seed stalks and a releasing state for releasing sugarcane seed stalks from the flipping release frame 51. The flipping release frame 51 includes a rotating shaft 511, a receiving plate 512, and a release drive arm 513. The receiving plate 512 is connected to the frame 1 via the rotating shaft 511. The dynamic connection releases the drive arm 513 and the rotating shaft 511. When the flipping release frame 51 is in the load-bearing state, the load-bearing surface of the receiving plate 512 corresponds to the discharge direction of the floating attitude-fixing mechanism 4 and forms a load-bearing position that can support the entire sugarcane seed stalk. When the flipping release frame 51 enters the release state, the receiving plate 512 rotates around the rotating shaft 511 toward the flexible guide cylinder 54, so that the inclination angle of the receiving plate 512 increases to the point that the sugarcane seed stalk can overcome static friction and detach from the receiving plate 512 under its own weight.

[0044] Drive assembly 52 includes a power input wheel 521, a drive shaft 522, a cam mechanism 523, and a return spring 524. The power input wheel 521 is connected to the drive shaft 522. The cam mechanism 523 is mounted on the drive shaft 522 and corresponds to the release drive arm 513. When the working contour of the cam mechanism 523 acts on the release drive arm 513, it drives the receiving plate 512 to rotate from the bearing state to the release state. After the cam mechanism 523 releases the drive on the release drive arm 513, the return spring 524 resets the receiving plate 512. The cam mechanism 523 has a base circle holding area, a lift area, and a return area. When the base circle holding area corresponds to the release drive arm 513, the tilting release frame 51 maintains the bearing state under the action of the return spring 524. When the cam mechanism 523 enters the lift area... Its working contour pushes the release drive arm 513, causing the rotating shaft 511 to drive the receiving plate 512 to gradually rotate in the release direction. When the cam mechanism 523 passes the maximum stroke and enters the return zone, the constraint on the release drive arm 513 is gradually released, and the return spring 524 drives the receiving plate 512 back to the bearing position. The effective stroke angle of the cam mechanism 523 matches the rotation phase of the rotating separation disk 31 driven by the second active sprocket 82. Whenever a seed stalk receiving groove 33 completes a single output and the seed stalk is basically stable after passing through the floating and fixed posture mechanism 4, the cam mechanism 523 enters the corresponding release stroke, converting the continuous rotational motion of the transmission shaft 522 into an intermittent flipping motion with holding, opening and resetting stages, and establishing a one-to-one correspondence with the rotating separation disk 31 through mechanical phase.

[0045] The center-of-gravity correction and seeding mechanism 5 also includes a synchronous limiting rod 53 and a flexible guide cylinder 54. The synchronous limiting rod 53 includes a swing rod 531, a limiting roller 532 disposed on the swing rod 531, and an elastic reset member 533 acting on the swing rod 531. Specifically, a set of swing rods 531 are respectively disposed on both sides of the sugarcane seed stalk. Each swing rod 531 is rotatably connected to the frame 1 or the flipping release frame 51 through a pin, and a limiting roller 532 is rotatably installed at the end facing the sugarcane seed stalk. The elastic reset member 533 applies a spring force to the swing rod 531 to bring the limiting roller 532 closer to the side of the seed stalk. The swing rod 531 and the flipping release frame 51 are linked through a mechanical abutment part. A push part that moves synchronously with the flipping action is disposed on the drive arm 513. When the receiving plate 512 When in the load-bearing state, the pushing part does not act on the swing rod 531. The limiting roller 532 is located on the side of the seed stem and restricts its lateral rolling under the action of the elastic reset member 533. When the receiving plate 512 rotates to the release state, the pushing part gradually pushes the swing rod 531 away, causing the limiting roller 532 to swing away from the seed stem and exit the release path. After the receiving plate 512 is reset, the elastic reset member 533 causes the limiting roller 532 to enter the lateral restriction position of the next seed stem again. The displacement of the flip release frame 51 itself is used as the mechanical trigger signal for the release of the limit, so that the release of the lateral constraint and the formation of the falling angle are automatically synchronized in the same driving action, preventing the limiting mechanism from opening too early and causing the seed stem to roll down prematurely, and also avoiding the limiting mechanism from opening too late and clamping the seed stem that is being released.

[0046] The flexible guide cylinder 54 is positioned below the flipping release frame 51, and its inner side forms an arc-shaped guide surface 541 for continuous support and guidance of the sugarcane seed stalk as it falls. Its upper opening covers the movement area of ​​the sugarcane seed stalk when it detaches from the receiving plate 512, and its lower end extends above the seed furrow. The arc-shaped guide surface 541 gradually changes the direction of the seed stalk's movement from top to bottom, smoothly transitioning the seed stalk from a near-horizontal or slightly inclined state on the receiving plate 512 to a suitable falling trajectory for entering the seed furrow. The flexible guide cylinder 54 uses a flexible material in its inner wall area, where it frequently contacts the seed stalk, ensuring continuous support during its fall rather than contact with multiple separation barriers. As the plates collide repeatedly, when the seed stalk slides out of the receiving plate 512, its front end first enters the flexible guide cylinder 54. The arc-shaped guide surface 541 provides a guiding reaction force to the front end of the seed stalk in the direction of the seed furrow. As the seed stalk gradually enters, the rear end of the seed stalk is still constrained by the receiving plate 512 or the upper area of ​​the guide cylinder. Therefore, the seed stalk will not undergo a large-scale overturning in a completely free fall state. It can transform the instantaneous free fall into a constrained sliding process along a continuous curved surface, thereby reducing the proportion of gravitational acceleration converted into irregular rotation, better maintaining the axial posture formed by the floating posture mechanism 4, and reducing the lateral placement and rebound caused by the front end impact when the seed stalk enters the soil.

[0047] The seed furrow guide mechanism 6 is located in the lower region of the flexible guide cylinder 54. It includes a contour wheel 61, a wheel axle 611, a floating connecting frame 62, and a seed dropping adjustment plate 63. The contour wheel 61 is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the floating connecting frame 62 via the wheel axle 611. The floating connecting frame 62 includes a contour connecting arm 621, a rotating pin 622, and a buffer spring 623. The contour connecting arm 621 is connected to the frame 1 via the rotating pin 622 and can swing up and down with the undulations of the ground around the rotating pin 622. The buffer spring 623 is located between the contour connecting arm 621 and the frame 1 and applies a preload to the contour wheel 61 towards the ground. The seed dropping adjustment plate 63 is connected to the floating connecting frame 62, so that when the contour wheel 61 rises or falls, the lower part of the flexible guide cylinder 54 can bend accordingly due to its own flexibility. The seed dropping adjustment plate 63 includes an adjustment plate 631 located at the outlet of the flexible guide cylinder 54 and a guide sidewall 632 located on the side of the adjustment plate 631. The adjustment plate 631 can change its tilt angle or front and back position through elongated holes and fasteners. The guide sidewall 632 is used to limit the lateral movement of the seed stalk after it leaves the flexible guide cylinder 54. The contour wheel 61, which is in direct contact with the ground, converts the undulation of the ground into the mechanical displacement of the floating connecting frame 62. The flexible guide cylinder 54 allows relative displacement between the upper and lower installation ends, reducing the impact of the overall bumps of the planting machine frame on the actual seed dropping height. This ensures that the seed stalk, after the aforementioned precise orientation and controlled release, will not have a new dropping point deviation due to the fluctuating distance between the outlet and the ground during the final ditch entry stage.

[0048] A precise sugarcane seed stalk planting device further includes a power input shaft 8 and a first drive sprocket 81, a second drive sprocket 82, and a third transmission sprocket 83 mounted on the power input shaft 8. The first drive sprocket 81 is connected to the rotating shaft 231 of the seed stalk input mechanism 2 via a first transmission chain. The second drive sprocket 82 is connected to the drive shaft 32 of the single stalk separation mechanism 3 via a second transmission chain. The third transmission sprocket 83 is connected to the power input wheel 521 of the center-of-gravity correction planting mechanism 5 via a third transmission chain. The power input wheel 521 then drives the transmission shaft 522 to rotate. The power of the entire device comes from the mechanical power output end of the sugarcane planter, and it is connected to the power input shaft 8 so that the feeding action of the seed stalk input mechanism 2, the single stalk separation action of the single stalk separation mechanism 3, and the release action of the center-of-gravity correction planting mechanism 5 are coordinated and executed by the same power input shaft 8 according to a predetermined transmission ratio.

[0049] The power input shaft 8 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 via a bearing housing. The gear ratios between the first drive sprocket 81, the second drive sprocket 82, and the third transmission sprocket 83 and their respective driven sprockets are matched according to the single feeding amount, the number of seed stalk receiving slots 33 on the rotating separation disk 31, and the effective release count per revolution of the cam mechanism 523. After a seed stalk receiving slot 33 moves to the output position of the rotating separation disk 31, the cam mechanism 523 drives the flipping release frame 51 to complete one release action after a predetermined phase delay. The phase delay at least covers the transfer of the sugarcane seed stalk from the rotating separation disk 31 to the floating fixed posture mechanism 4. It essentially stops the mechanical stabilization process required for oscillation. During installation and commissioning, the above-mentioned action matching can be achieved by changing the sprocket transmission ratio or adjusting the circumferential assembly phase of the sprocket and the transmission shaft. By using the same power input shaft 8 to establish a definite mechanical phase relationship between feeding, separating and releasing, the seeding rhythm is mainly determined by the mechanical transmission relationship rather than relying on the real-time synchronous control of multiple independent actuators. This can reduce the impact of field dust, vibration and fluctuations in the state of electrical components on the seeding sequence. At the same time, it ensures that after the previous seed stalk completes its fixed posture and is released, the next seed stalk enters the floating fixed posture area, thereby reducing the probability of interference between the two seed stalks.

[0050] In practical use, firstly, adjust the support distance between the first support roller 421 and the second support roller 422 according to the length and diameter range of the sugarcane seed stalk to be planted, and check whether the guide channel 432 of the axial guide sleeve 43 can allow a single seed stalk within the target diameter range to pass through. At the same time, select the transmission ratio between the power input shaft 8 and the rotating shaft 231, the drive shaft 32 and the transmission shaft 522 according to the target seed pitch and the number of seed stalk receiving slots 33 on the rotating separation disk 31. Adjust the initial mechanical phase between the rotating separation disk 31 and the cam mechanism 523 so that after a seed stalk receiving slot 33 reaches the output position, the cam mechanism 523 drives the flipping release frame 51 to move after the seed stalk enters the floating posture fixing mechanism 4 and has passed a predetermined stabilization time. Then, adjust the initial center position of the moving counterweight block 442, the pre-tightening degree of the elastic connecting piece 443 and the allowable swing range of the limiting buffer piece 413 so that the floating bearing frame 41 maintains the preset reference posture in the unloaded state.

[0051] After adjustment, the sugarcane stalks that have been cut into sections are placed into the storage bin 21. After the power output of the sugarcane planter is started, the power input shaft 8 begins to rotate and synchronously drives the flexible conveying component 23, the rotating separation disc 31, and the cam mechanism 523. The stalks in the storage bin 21 first move towards the outlet under the action of gravity. The elastic flow limiting baffle 211 prevents multiple stalks from entering the inclined conveying trough 22 at the same time. The rotating shaft 231 drives the conveying disc 232 to rotate. Each elastic pawl 233 pushes the stalks located in the inclined conveying trough 22 towards the rotating separation disc 31 in sequence. When the stalks in front encounter local bending or large sugarcane nodes and the movement resistance increases, the elastic pawl 233 can give way and will not continue to rigidly squeeze. The stalks are provided to the single separation mechanism 3 in a low-impact, intermittent manner, maintaining the continuity of the supply while reducing congestion and bud damage at the downstream inlet.

[0052] When an empty seed stalk receiving trough 33 on the rotating separating disc 31 rotates to the feeding area, the first single sugarcane seed stalk enters the seed stalk receiving trough 33. The second seed stalk following behind cannot enter at the same time due to the limited capacity of the trough opening. As the rotating separating disc 31 continues to rotate, the elastic pressure roller 341, under the action of the spring 343, presses the seed stalk that has entered the seed stalk receiving trough 33 and automatically moves aside as the diameter of the seed stalk changes, so that the seed stalk moves stably with the rotating separating disc 31 to the output side. When the corresponding seed stalk receiving trough 33 reaches the output position, the elastic pressure roller 341 gradually moves away from the seed stalk. Under the action of gravity, the seed stalk leaves the seed stalk receiving trough 33 and falls into the receiving area formed by the first support roller 421 and the second support roller 422.

[0053] After a single sugarcane stalk enters the floating posture-fixing mechanism 4, the stalk is initially supported by two support rollers. If the center of mass of the stalk is close to the predetermined position, the supporting frame 412 will only experience a small oscillation. If the mass of one end increases significantly due to a larger diameter, concentrated sugarcane nodes, or differences in moisture content, the supporting frame 412 will deflect around the rotating connecting shaft 411 under the action of the support reaction force on that side. At the same time, the arc-shaped sliding guide rail 441 will deflect along with the supporting frame 412. The moving counterweight 442 will move to the opposite side relative to the supporting frame 412 as it tends to maintain a low potential energy position below the rotating connecting shaft 411, thereby generating a restoring torque to counteract the original deflection. The elastic connector 443 and the limiting buffer 413 limit and attenuate the movement. At the same time, if there is a lateral deviation between the seed stem axis and the predetermined seeding axis, the conical inlet 431 forms a gradually enhanced centering effect on the seed stem. The first support roller 421 and the second support roller 422 allow the seed stem to undergo necessary micro-axial movement through their own rotation until the seed stem enters the position range defined by the guide channel 432. The mechanical reverse compensation is directly driven by the eccentricity of the actual mass of the seed stem, and the planar position is limited by geometric correction. Without the need to pre-measure the weight and length of each seed stem, adaptive posture stabilization can be completed for random individual differences.

[0054] After the seed stem has completed its orientation, it moves slowly along the discharge direction of the axial guide sleeve 43 to the receiving plate 512. At this time, the cam mechanism 523 is still in the base circle holding area, and the return spring 524 keeps the receiving plate 512 in a bearing state. Under the action of the elastic return member 533, the synchronous limit rod 53 keeps the limit rollers 532 on both sides of the seed stem to prevent the seed stem from rolling laterally prematurely due to the vibration of the planting machine. When the release time corresponding to the seed stem is reached, the lift area of ​​the cam mechanism 523 acts on the release drive arm 513, driving the rotating shaft 511. The receiving plate 512 flips downwards, and at the same time, the linkage push part on the receiving plate 512 drives the swing rod 531 to rotate outwards, so that the limit roller 532 exits the release path in sync. As the tilt angle of the receiving plate 512 increases, the seed stalk slides along the receiving plate 512 towards the flexible guide cylinder 54 under its own gravity. The action driven by a cam simultaneously completes the formation of the release tilt angle and the release of the lateral limit operation, ensuring that the seed stalk that has completed the fixed posture is released only at the specified seeding time, and avoiding the error in the sequence of actions caused by setting two actuators separately.

[0055] After the sugarcane seed stalk enters the flexible guide cylinder 54, the arc-shaped guide surface 541 continuously supports its front and gradually changes its falling direction. The seed stalk does not directly enter the completely free fall from the receiving plate 512, but slides down in a controlled manner along the inner wall of the guide cylinder. At the same time, the contour wheel 61 continuously conforms to the field surface. When the ground protrudes, the contour wheel 61 and the floating connecting frame 62 move upward, and when the ground sinks, it moves downward. The lower end of the flexible guide cylinder 54 and the seed dropping adjustment plate 63 change their height accordingly, so that the final seed dropping outlet remains relatively stable relative to the bottom of the seed furrow. After the seed stalk leaves the flexible guide cylinder 54, it enters the seed furrow under the restriction of the guide side wall 632. Subsequently, the planting machine completes the subsequent soil covering operation. The flexible continuous guide maintains the seed stalk release posture, and the mechanical contouring isolates the ground height change from the seed dropping height, so that the single-stalk and fixed posture effect already achieved upstream can be maintained in the seed furrow, and the position will not be re-dispersed due to the large free fall distance in the last section.

[0056] After the first seed stalk completely leaves the receiving plate 512, the cam mechanism 523 enters the return zone. The reset spring 524 restores the flip release frame 51 to the bearing state. The synchronous limit rod 53 resets under the action of the elastic reset member 533. The next seed stalk receiving slot 33 on the rotating separation plate 31 then reaches the output position according to the set mechanical phase. Since the above actions are driven by the same power input shaft 8 according to a determined transmission ratio, when the device's forward speed and power input speed change accordingly, the relative timing between the mechanisms still maintains mechanical synchronization. The periodic mechanical transmission forms a continuous repeating seeding cycle, making the device suitable for long-term continuous field operations and reducing missed and repeated seeding caused by the drift of the cycle of each mechanism.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precise seed metering device for sugarcane stalks, characterized in that: The device includes a frame (1), a seed stalk input mechanism (2), a single stalk separation mechanism (3), a floating posture fixing mechanism (4), a center of gravity correction and seed metering mechanism (5), and a seed furrow guiding mechanism (6). The seed stalk input mechanism (2), the single stalk separation mechanism (3), the floating posture fixing mechanism (4), the center of gravity correction and seed metering mechanism (5), and the seed furrow guiding mechanism (6) are installed sequentially on the frame (1) along the direction of sugarcane seed stalk movement. The single-root separation mechanism (3) includes a rotating separation disk (31), a drive shaft (32), and a plurality of seed stalk receiving grooves (33) arranged circumferentially along the rotating separation disk (31). The rotating separation disk (31) is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft (32), and the seed stalk receiving grooves (33) are used to successively receive and transport single sugarcane seed stalks. The floating posture fixing mechanism (4) is located on the output side of the rotating separation disk (31). The floating posture fixing mechanism (4) includes a floating support frame (41), support rollers (42), an axial guide sleeve (43), and a center of gravity adjustment component (44). The floating support frame (41) is rotatably connected to the frame (1) via a rotating connecting shaft (411). The support rollers (42) include a first support roller (421) and a second support roller (422) respectively located on both sides of the floating support frame (41) along the axial direction of the sugarcane seed stalk, so that the sugarcane seed stalk output by the single-stalk separation mechanism (3) is supported between the first support roller (421) and the second support roller (422). The axial guide sleeve (43) is located on the floating support frame (41), and its guide axis corresponds to the predetermined planting direction of the sugarcane seed stalk. The center of gravity adjustment component (44) is disposed on the floating support frame (41) and includes a movable counterweight (442) that can move relative to the floating support frame (41) and an elastic connector (443) connected to the movable counterweight (442), so that when the floating support frame (41) deflects around the rotating connecting shaft (411) due to uneven mass distribution of the sugarcane seed stalks it carries, the movable counterweight (442) will undergo relative displacement and form a compensating torque opposite to the deflection torque of the floating support frame (41); The center of gravity correction and seeding mechanism (5) is located on the discharge side of the floating posture mechanism (4) and includes a flip release frame (51) rotatably mounted on the frame (1) and a drive assembly (52) for driving the flip release frame (51) to perform periodic actions. The flip release frame (51) has a bearing state for receiving sugarcane seed stalks and a release state for releasing sugarcane seed stalks from the flip release frame (51).

2. The sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed input mechanism (2) includes a storage box (21), an inclined conveying trough (22) and a flexible conveying component (23). The outlet of the storage box (21) is correspondingly provided with the inlet end of the inclined conveying trough (22). An elastic flow limiting baffle (211) is provided at the outlet of the storage box (21). The flexible conveying component (23) is located above the inclined conveying trough (22). The flexible feeding assembly (23) includes a rotating shaft (231), a feeding disk (232) fixed on the rotating shaft (231), and a plurality of elastic paddles (233) spaced circumferentially along the feeding disk (232). The elastic paddles (233) periodically enter the seed stalk conveying area of ​​the inclined conveying trough (22) as the feeding disk (232) rotates, so as to intermittently feed the sugarcane seed stalks.

3. The sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-root separation mechanism (3) further includes an elastic pressing component (34) disposed around the rotating separation disk (31). The elastic pressing component (34) includes an elastic pressing wheel (341), a swing bracket (342) and a spring (343). One end of the swing bracket (342) is rotatably connected to the frame (1). The elastic pressing wheel (341) is rotatably disposed at the other end of the swing bracket (342). The spring (343) acts on the swing bracket (342) to press the elastic pressing wheel (341) toward the rotating separation disk (31). The opening size of each stalk receiving trough (33) is configured to allow a single sugarcane stalk to enter while restricting two sugarcane stalks to enter side by side. The elastic pressure roller (341) is used to retain the sugarcane stalk in the stalk receiving trough (33) after the corresponding stalk receiving trough (33) leaves the feeding position.

4. The sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating support frame (41) further includes a support frame (412) and a limiting buffer (413). The support frame (412) is rotatably connected to the frame (1) via a rotating connecting shaft (411). The first support roller (421), the second support roller (422), the axial guide sleeve (43), and the center of gravity adjustment component (44) are all disposed on the support frame (412). The limiting buffer (413) is disposed between the support frame (412) and the frame (1) to limit the swing angle of the support frame (412) around the rotating connecting shaft (411) and to buffer the swing of the support frame (412).

5. The sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first support roller (421) and the second support roller (422) are respectively mounted on the floating support frame (41) via rollers. The outer periphery of the first support roller (421) and the second support roller (422) is provided with a flexible contact layer (423) so that the sugarcane seed stalk can generate a restricted displacement along its own axis under the support of the first support roller (421) and the second support roller (422), and the contact impact between the support roller (42) and the sugarcane seed stalk is buffered by the flexible contact layer (423).

6. The sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial guide sleeve (43) includes a conical inlet (431) and a guide channel (432) connected sequentially along the sugarcane seed stalk conveying direction. The cross-section of the conical inlet (431) gradually decreases in the direction toward the guide channel (432). The inner wall of the guide channel (432) is provided with a flexible inner wall layer (433). The sugarcane seed stalk carried by the first support roller (421) and the second support roller (422) passes through the axial guide sleeve (43) so that the sugarcane seed stalk that has shifted laterally moves toward the axial direction of the guide channel (432) under the guidance of the conical inlet (431).

7. The sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of gravity adjustment component (44) also includes a sliding guide rail (441) disposed on the floating support frame (41), the movable counterweight (442) is slidably engaged with the sliding guide rail (441), and one end of the elastic connector (443) is connected to the movable counterweight (442) and the other end is connected to the floating support frame (41). The sliding guide rail (441) is located below the rotating connecting shaft (411) and extends in the direction that can change the lever arm of the movable counterweight (442) relative to the rotating connecting shaft (411). When the floating support frame (41) deflects, the movable counterweight (442) moves along the sliding guide rail (441) and changes its position relative to the rotating connecting shaft (411). The movement of the movable counterweight (442) is elastically constrained and reset by the elastic connector (443).

8. The sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flip release frame (51) includes a rotating shaft (511), a receiving plate (512) and a release drive arm (513). The receiving plate (512) is rotatably connected to the frame (1) through the rotating shaft (511), and the release drive arm (513) is connected to the rotating shaft (511). The drive assembly (52) includes a power input wheel (521), a drive shaft (522), a cam mechanism (523), and a return spring (524). The power input wheel (521) is connected to the drive shaft (522). The cam mechanism (523) is mounted on the drive shaft (522) and is correspondingly mounted to the release drive arm (513). When the working contour of the cam mechanism (523) acts on the release drive arm (513), it drives the receiving plate (512) to rotate from the bearing state to the release state. After the cam mechanism (523) releases the drive on the release drive arm (513), the return spring (524) resets the receiving plate (512).

9. The sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of gravity correction and seeding mechanism (5) further includes a synchronous limiting rod (53) and a flexible guide cylinder (54). The synchronous limiting rod (53) includes a swing rod (531), a limiting roller (532) disposed on the swing rod (531), and an elastic reset member (533) acting on the swing rod (531). The swing rod (531) is linked with the flip release frame (51) so that when the flip release frame (51) is in the bearing state, the limiting roller (532) is located on the side of the sugarcane seed stalk, and when the flip release frame (51) rotates to the release state, the limiting roller (532) exits the release path of the sugarcane seed stalk. The flexible guide cylinder (54) is disposed below the flip release frame (51), and the inner side of the flexible guide cylinder (54) forms an arc-shaped guide surface (541) for continuously supporting and guiding the sugarcane seed stalk to fall.

10. The sugarcane seed stalk precision planting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The seed trench guiding mechanism (6) is located in the lower region of the flexible guide (54). It includes a contour wheel (61), a wheel axle (611), a floating connecting frame (62), and a seed dropping adjustment plate (63). The contour wheel (61) is rotatably mounted on the lower end of the floating connecting frame (62) via the wheel axle (611). The floating connecting frame (62) includes a contour connecting arm (621), a rotating pin (622), and a buffer spring (623). The contour connecting arm (621) is connected to the frame (1) via the rotating pin (622). The buffer spring (623) is located between the contour connecting arm (621) and the frame (1). The seed dropping adjustment plate (63) includes an adjustment plate (631) located at the outlet of the flexible guide cylinder (54) and a guide sidewall (632) located on the side of the adjustment plate (631).

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