Railway vehicle electrostatic precipitation grid

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of rail vehicle dust removal, in particular to a rail vehicle electrostatic dust removal grid for installing at the air inlet or air outlet of a rail vehicle to remove dust, comprising: a main body having an ionization space for gas flow and ionization and a dust collection space for dust collection, the dust collection space being located below the ionization space and being in communication with each other; an electrostatic grid arranged in the ionization space; a dust collection plate arranged on one side of the electrostatic grid and extending from the ionization space to the dust collection space. The rail vehicle electrostatic dust removal grid provided by the present application adopts a modular lightweight design, has light overall quality, is convenient to disassemble and assemble, is simple to maintain, has strong narrow space adaptation capability, and solves the pain points of narrow air duct space of the rail vehicle and difficult maintenance operation. In the process of daily ventilation operation of the vehicle, air circulation and purification can be completed in real time, ventilation and dust removal can be realized at the same time, and the quality of flowing air in the vehicle compartment can be continuously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust removal technology for rail vehicles, and more particularly to an electrostatic dust removal grid for rail vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, dust and impurities gradually accumulate inside the air ducts of urban rail vehicles during long-term operation, and the cleanliness of the air ducts directly affects the air quality inside the carriages. Currently, the supply and return air grilles of subway vehicles generally adopt a purely mechanical grille structure, which can only achieve basic foreign object interception and does not have active dust removal capabilities.

[0003] With a large number of urban rail vehicles entering their major overhaul cycles, the demand for duct cleaning and maintenance has increased significantly. Due to the limited internal space of the vehicles, the operating space inside the ducts is cramped. Without disassembling and removing the vehicles, it is difficult to effectively clean the large amounts of dust accumulated inside the ducts. If disassembly and maintenance is carried out, not only is the workload large, but it also involves special processes such as bonding, which consumes a lot of manpower, material resources, and financial resources, significantly extending the maintenance cycle. At the same time, this type of maintenance work has strict requirements for operators and the working environment, and must also meet relevant regulations and standards, making the maintenance work quite difficult to implement.

[0004] In addition, the external ventilation environment varies in different regions. The air duct system of rail vehicles has a complex structure and a large number of parts, making assembly and disassembly difficult. Air duct cleaning involves a lot of disassembly and assembly work, which not only brings the cost of replacing parts, but also easily generates unnecessary economic losses and occupies the maintenance and production cycle.

[0005] Therefore, in order to achieve high-efficiency maintenance, shorten maintenance cycles, and improve the air purification effect in the carriage, the development of an electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles is of great practical significance for solving the existing dust removal and maintenance problems in air ducts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide an electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles, which simplifies the cleaning and maintenance of rail vehicle ventilation ducts.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention provide an electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles, used for dust removal at the air inlet or outlet of rail vehicles, comprising: The main body has an ionization space for gas to flow through and ionize and a dust collection space for dust collection, the dust collection space being located below the ionization space and interconnected with it; An electrostatic grid is disposed within the ionization space; A dust collection plate is disposed on one side of the electrostatic grid and extends from the ionization space to the dust collection space.

[0008] For example, the electrostatic dust removal grid for rail vehicles provided in at least one embodiment of this disclosure further includes: The filter grids are provided on both sides of the ionization space, and the electrostatic grid is located between the two filter grids.

[0009] For example, the electrostatic dust removal grid for rail vehicles provided in at least one embodiment of this disclosure further includes: A dust collection box cover, which is flipped up and disposed on one side of the dust collection space.

[0010] For example, in at least one embodiment of this disclosure, a rail vehicle electrostatic dust removal grid is provided, wherein the dust collection plates are a plurality of plates arranged sequentially in a horizontal direction.

[0011] For example, in at least one embodiment of this disclosure, an electrostatic dust removal grid for rail vehicles is provided, wherein the dust collection plate has an angle with the vertical plane and is arranged perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the dust collection plates on both sides are symmetrically arranged about the middle of the dust collection space.

[0012] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an electrostatic dust removal grid for rail vehicles, wherein the dust collection plate is anodized aluminum plate and has a dielectric coating.

[0013] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an electrostatic dust removal grid for rail vehicles, wherein the electrostatic grid has a plurality of power conduction rods and discharge electrode needles, the plurality of power conduction rods are obliquely intersecting to form a grid, and the plurality of discharge electrode needles are sequentially arranged on the power conduction rods.

[0014] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an electrostatic dust removal grid for rail vehicles, wherein the discharge electrode needle is perpendicular to the power conduction rod.

[0015] For example, in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the electrostatic dust removal grid for rail vehicles has the discharge electrode needle and the dust collection plate located on the same side of the power conduction rod, such that the discharge electrode needle faces the dust collection plate.

[0016] For example, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides an electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles, wherein both sides of the lower end of the electrostatic grille have power connectors.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles provided in this invention has significant technical advantages: it is the first integrated unit for automatic cleaning of electrified air circulation in rail vehicles, adopting a modular and lightweight design. It is lightweight, easy to assemble and disassemble, and simple to maintain, possessing strong adaptability to confined spaces. This solves the pain points of limited air duct space and difficult maintenance operations in rail vehicles. The equipment can complete air circulation and purification in real time during the vehicle's daily ventilation operation, achieving simultaneous ventilation and dust removal, and continuously improving the air quality in the carriage.

[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of this application and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrostatic dust removal grille for a rail vehicle in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Internal structure diagram of the electrostatic dust removal grille (excluding filter grille) for medium-speed rail vehicles; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A side view of the electrostatic dust removal grid (excluding filter grid) for medium-speed rail vehicles; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the middle AA section; In the figure: main body 100, ionization space 110, dust collection space 120, electrostatic grid 200, power conduction rod 210, discharge electrode needle 220, power connector 230, dust collection plate 300, filter grid 400, and box cover 500. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] To keep the drawings concise, each figure only schematically shows the parts relevant to the invention, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some figures, components with the same structure or function are shown only schematically, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one."

[0023] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly set on the other element or indirectly set on the other element. It should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

[0025] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a number" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-4 This invention illustrates an electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles, primarily designed for use at the air inlets and outlets of various urban rail vehicles and subway cars. Addressing the problems of existing rail vehicle ventilation grilles, which only offer basic foreign object interception and lack active dust removal capabilities, resulting in severe dust accumulation in ducts, difficulty in cleaning confined spaces, and large, time-consuming, costly, and incomplete centralized maintenance of the entire vehicle, this device pioneers an integrated automatic air circulation cleaning unit for electrified rail vehicles. Through electrostatic ionization dust removal, zoned dust collection, a self-falling dust collection structure, and a modular quick-connect assembly design, it achieves real-time ventilation and dust removal, and air circulation purification during vehicle operation. This transforms the traditional centralized duct overhaul model into a balanced routine maintenance model, fundamentally improving cabin air quality, reducing duct dust accumulation, and significantly shortening maintenance costs and cycles. It meets the diverse needs of rail vehicles, including limited installation space, lightweight modular modifications, and routine air purification.

[0027] The main structure of this electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles includes a main body 100, an electrostatic grille 200, and a dust collection plate 300. The whole structure adopts an integrated design, which is compact and lightweight. It is suitable for the narrow assembly space of rail vehicle air ducts and can be directly adapted to the needs of existing vehicle retrofitting and new vehicle mass production assembly.

[0028] The main body 100 is an integral frame structure made of lightweight aluminum alloy, featuring high overall strength, light weight, and strong resistance to deformation, making it suitable for long-term vibration conditions on-board. The main body 100 undergoes powder coating insulation treatment, providing excellent surface insulation performance and effectively preventing electrostatic leakage and charge overflow. Simultaneously, the entire main frame is grounded, forming an equipotential protection and electrostatic shielding structure, ensuring the equipment casing remains completely unenergized, guaranteeing safe and reliable operation and fully meeting the electrical safety specifications for rail vehicles. The main body 100 adopts a quick-connect interface design, allowing for direct plug-and-play assembly and disassembly at the air inlet or outlet of the rail vehicle. No special tools or disassembly of the air duct structure are required, facilitating easy assembly and modification, and adapting to the needs of large-scale upgrades and retrofits of existing vehicles.

[0029] The interior space of the main body 100 is divided into an ionization space 110 and a dust collection space 120 that are connected vertically. The ionization space 110 is located in the upper area and serves as the core area for airflow and dust ionization and charging, allowing the circulating airflow in the carriage to pass smoothly and complete the electrostatic ionization operation. The dust collection space 120 is located below the ionization space 110. The two are connected to each other and serve as a dust accumulation area for dust settling and centralized collection, realizing centralized dust collection and unified cleaning, solving the problem of scattered dust accumulation and difficult cleaning in traditional air ducts.

[0030] An electrostatic grid 200 is fixedly installed inside the ionization space 110. The electrostatic grid 200 is the core component for ionization and charging of this device. This device adopts a safe low-voltage power supply scheme, equipped with a DC24V low-voltage safety power supply module. The electrostatic grid 200 is connected to a 24V pulsed negative high voltage, which can form a uniform corona electric field inside the ionization space 110, and perform negative ion charging treatment on the dust particles flowing through it, so that the suspended dust particles are uniformly carrying negative ions, providing the basic conditions for subsequent electrostatic adsorption dust removal. At the same time, the power supply module has built-in charge discharge and overload protection functions. During the start-up, shutdown and power-off processes of the equipment, residual charge can be automatically discharged to eliminate the risk of static electricity residue, making it safe and reliable to use.

[0031] The dust collection plate 300 is arranged on one side of the electrostatic grid 200, and the entire dust collection plate 300 is connected across the grid, extending from the upper ionization space 110 to the lower dust collection space 120, achieving full coverage of ionization, adsorption, and sedimentation. The dust collection plate 300 adopts a pure grounded 0V design, ensuring absolute safety and eliminating the risk of the outer shell becoming electrified. It forms a stable high-voltage electrostatic field with the negatively charged electrostatic grid 200. Dust particles in the airflow become negatively charged after passing through the electrostatic grid 200, and are then directionally adsorbed onto the surface of the dust collection plate 300 under the action of the electric field, achieving effective separation of airflow and dust, and completing the air purification and dust removal operation.

[0032] The electrostatic grid 200 and dust collection plate 300 are integrally fixed inside the main body 100 by epoxy resin insulating material components. This provides excellent insulation performance and strong support stability, effectively isolating the high-voltage electric field from the external frame structure, preventing leakage, short circuits, and electric field leakage, and ensuring long-term safe and stable operation of the equipment. This device achieves an integrated layout of the ionization zone and dust collection zone, with high structural integration, a neat layout, and strong adaptability.

[0033] The dust collection plate 300 features a low-roughness surface treatment, resulting in a smooth and flat surface. Once dust accumulates to a certain thickness, it automatically falls off due to gravity and settles naturally into the dust collection space 120 below, achieving autonomous dust removal and automatic dust settling without frequent manual cleaning. Simultaneously, the electrostatic grille 200 generates its own operating temperature, which assists in sterilizing and inhibiting the growth of bacteria and microorganisms on the plate surface and accumulated dust, further optimizing the air quality in the carriage. The equipment can be expanded with temperature sensors and switch short-circuit circuits to achieve real-time temperature monitoring, overload protection, and fault self-diagnosis, enhancing the equipment's intelligence and operational stability. An ozone filter can also be installed inside the main body 100 to further improve the air sterilization and disinfection effect.

[0034] This device adopts a modular and lightweight design, making it lightweight, easy to assemble and disassemble, and simple to maintain. It possesses excellent adaptability to confined spaces, solving the pain points of limited space and difficult maintenance operations in rail vehicle ventilation ducts. The equipment can perform real-time air circulation and purification during the vehicle's daily ventilation operation, achieving simultaneous ventilation and dust removal, and continuously improving the air quality within the carriage. It transforms the traditional centralized overhaul and cleaning mode of ventilation ducts into a daily, balanced maintenance mode, continuously purifying the internal environment of the ventilation ducts and avoiding the problem of long-term dust and dirt accumulation that cannot be thoroughly cleaned. This solves the industry problems of incomplete cleaning, high operational difficulty, high cost, and long cycle associated with traditional centralized cleaning.

[0035] This device is the first integrated unit for automatic cleaning of air circulation in electrified rail vehicles. It breaks through the limitations of traditional pure mechanical grilles that only intercept but do not remove dust. It achieves active dust removal through the principle of electrostatic ionization adsorption, which can purify the circulating air in the carriage in real time, effectively reduce the content of PM2.5 and suspended dust in the carriage, improve the internal environmental pollution of the carriage, and greatly enhance passenger comfort.

[0036] It adopts a safe circuit structure with 24V low-voltage safety power supply, negative high-voltage pulse ionization and 0V grounding of dust collection plate, coupled with epoxy resin insulation support and frame grounding electrostatic shielding design. The equipment shell is not charged throughout the process and can automatically discharge residual charge, with high electrical safety and fully meeting the stringent electrical safety specifications of rail vehicles.

[0037] The main body 100 adopts a lightweight aluminum alloy powder-coated insulating frame quick-connect interface structure, which is lightweight, high-strength, and easy to assemble and disassemble. It does not require disassembling the air duct or getting off the vehicle to disassemble it, making it suitable for working in confined spaces in the air duct. It can be directly adapted to the transformation and upgrading of existing large-scale rail vehicles, with low transformation cost and strong adaptability.

[0038] The 300mm low-roughness dust collection plate, combined with a gravity-fed automatic dust collection structure, allows dust to settle and be collected in the 120mm dust collection space. Combined with a 200mm electrostatic grille, the system's operating temperature rise aids in sterilization, providing both dust removal and antibacterial effects to continuously maintain clean air in the ducts and vehicle cabin. It can be expanded with temperature sensors and short-circuit protection circuits, further enhancing the equipment's intelligence, safety, and stability. This transforms the traditional high-difficulty, high-cost, and low-efficiency centralized overhaul mode into a routine, low-load, and balanced maintenance mode, continuously purifying the duct environment, avoiding the problem of incomplete cleaning due to long-term dust accumulation in the ducts, significantly reducing the manpower, material, and financial costs of centralized overhauls, and shortening vehicle maintenance cycles.

[0039] It continuously purifies the air inside the duct, reducing dust accumulation inside the duct and electrical cabinet, effectively improving the dust-electric balance within the cabinet, and preventing short circuits, aging, and malfunctions of electrical components caused by dust accumulation. This reduces the failure rate of electrical equipment in rail vehicles and improves vehicle operational stability. Its overall modular, lightweight, and integrated design specifically addresses industry pain points such as difficulty in adapting to confined spaces in rail vehicles, poor airflow quality, and cumbersome equipment disassembly and maintenance. With its compact structure, stable operation, and wide applicability, it possesses extremely high practical and promotional value.

[0040] In some examples, filter grilles 400 are installed on the left and right sides of the ionization space 110, with an electrostatic grille 200 positioned between the two filter grilles 400. The filter grilles 400 serve two purposes: firstly, they uniformly distribute the airflow entering the ionization space, ensuring a more even distribution of airflow velocity within the ionization field region, thus guaranteeing stable dust ionization and preventing a decrease in dust removal efficiency due to excessively high local airflow velocities; secondly, they physically isolate and intercept flammable and large debris such as leaves and debris, preventing direct impact from external objects onto the electrostatic grille 200, providing reliable protection for the internal electrostatic grille. Simultaneously, the filter grilles 400 provide lateral support for internal components, enhancing the structural stability of the entire ionization area and reducing the risk of component loosening due to vehicle vibrations.

[0041] A flip-openable cover 500 is provided on one side of the dust collection space 120, and the cover 500 and the dust collection space 120 together form a dust collection box structure. Dust particles that fall off and settle from the dust collection plate 300 are uniformly collected inside the dust collection box. There is no need to disassemble the entire dust removal grid body. The dust accumulated inside the box can be emptied and cleaned simply by opening the flip-open cover 500. The maintenance operation is simple and quick. There is no need to disassemble the vehicle body air duct. It fits the maintenance concept of balanced repair and avoids the inherent defects of difficult cleaning of dust inside the air duct.

[0042] The dust collection box can be equipped with ultraviolet light irradiation components to sterilize the collected dust during equipment operation, inhibiting the growth of bacteria and microorganisms within the dust and further optimizing the cleanliness of the circulating air. Depending on the actual operating conditions of different lines, this device can also be optionally equipped with a PM2.5 detection module to monitor the PM2.5 value of the ventilation airflow in real time. This not only provides feedback on the current air purification status but also indirectly determines the amount of dust accumulation, outputting cleaning reminder signals to remind maintenance personnel to promptly clean the dust collection box, achieving intelligent operation and maintenance prompts.

[0043] The ionization space is flanked by paired filter grilles 400, with an electrostatic grille 200 positioned between them. This design achieves uniform airflow, stabilizing the airflow within the electric field and ensuring high electrostatic dust removal efficiency. It also isolates large, flammable debris, protecting the electrostatic grille from impact damage and providing lateral support to enhance the overall structural stability under vibration conditions. The dust collection space features a flip-up cover forming a dust collection box. Dust automatically falls into the box, allowing for easy cleaning simply by opening the cover, eliminating the need to disassemble the entire grille assembly. This minimizes maintenance workload, increases efficiency, and solves the problem of difficult dust removal deep within the air duct by avoiding intervention in the ductwork.

[0044] The dust collection box is equipped with a UV light irradiation component to sterilize settled dust, inhibit microbial growth, and further improve the hygiene conditions of the circulating air in the carriage. It can be expanded to include a PM2.5 detection module for real-time monitoring of air quality indicators and can also provide equipment cleaning status reminders, helping maintenance personnel to identify maintenance opportunities, achieving intelligent operation and maintenance management, and better adapting to the routine operation and maintenance system of urban rail vehicles.

[0045] In some examples, the dust collection plates 300 are set in multiple quantities, and multiple dust collection plates 300 are arranged evenly in sequence along the horizontal direction to form an array-type dust collection structure. Compared with the traditional integral single-plate dust collection structure, the multi-plate array arrangement can significantly increase the effective dust collection and adsorption area, match the global electric field distribution of the ionization space 110, so that an effective electrostatic adsorption area can be formed in the area through which the airflow passes, avoiding the problems of local electric field blanks and dust removal dead corners, significantly improving the overall air dust removal and purification efficiency, and greatly enhancing the ability to capture fine dust and suspended particulate matter.

[0046] The dust collection plate 300 adopts an inclined installation structure, with its surface forming a preset angle with the vertical plane. Simultaneously, the entire plate surface remains perpendicular to the horizontal plane, creating an inclined electrostatic adsorption working surface while ensuring smooth vertical airflow. This structure allows charged dust particles to adhere stably to the plate surface and settle orderly under the combined effects of electric field adsorption force and their own gravity, effectively avoiding dust suspension and accumulation, and dust retention on the plate surface. Furthermore, the inclined plate structure optimizes the automatic dust detachment path; once the accumulated dust reaches a critical thickness, it can quickly slide down the plate surface into the dust collection space 120 below, ensuring long-term stable and reliable self-cleaning function.

[0047] The dust collection plates 300, located on both sides, are symmetrically arranged about the center of the dust collection space 120, making the overall dust collection array structure regular, with uniform electric field distribution and symmetrical force. The symmetrical arrangement can achieve a balanced dust removal effect in the approximately 110 area of ​​the ionization space, avoiding the problem of uneven airflow purification caused by the deviation in dust removal efficiency on one side. At the same time, it ensures the symmetry of the center of gravity of the overall equipment structure, effectively resists the interference of vehicle vibration, avoids structural displacement and component loosening caused by long-term vibration, and improves the operational stability of the equipment.

[0048] The dust collection plate 300 uses anodized aluminum plate as the base material, and a high-performance dielectric coating is applied to the surface of the plate. The anodized aluminum plate base has the advantages of being lightweight, having high structural strength, being resistant to deformation, corrosion-resistant, and having good thermal conductivity, which meets the design requirements of lightweight and modular equipment and is suitable for assembly in the confined space of vehicles and long-term vibration conditions. The surface dielectric coating can effectively optimize the uniformity of the electric field on the plate surface, avoid local charge concentration and discharge arcing, and improve the stability of the electrostatic field. At the same time, the dense and smooth surface of the dielectric coating has low roughness, which further enhances the automatic dust removal performance, reduces dust adhesion and residue, reduces the probability of stubborn dust adhesion on the plate, and significantly reduces the frequency of manual cleaning.

[0049] The multi-array, tilted and symmetrical structure, combined with the anodized dielectric coating, gives the dust collection plate 300 a large adsorption area, uniform electric field distribution, smooth self-dust removal performance, and excellent insulation and weather resistance. Together with the negative electrostatic grid 200, it forms a more stable, efficient, and durable electrostatic dust removal system, continuously ensuring the air circulation and purification effect of the rail vehicle duct.

[0050] The dust collection plate 300 adopts a multi-plate horizontal array structure, significantly expanding the effective dust collection and adsorption area, eliminating dust removal dead corners, and matching the full-area ionization electric field to significantly improve the overall dust removal efficiency of the equipment, effectively enhancing the capture and purification capabilities of PM2.5 and suspended particulate matter. The inclined structure design of the dust collection plate 300, which forms an angle with the vertical plane and is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, optimizes the dust adsorption and gravity settling path. While ensuring smooth airflow, it enhances the automatic sliding effect of accumulated dust, strengthens the equipment's self-cleaning performance, and reduces dust residue on the plate.

[0051] The symmetrical arrangement of the 300mm dust collection plates on both sides ensures a uniform electric field distribution and symmetrical structural stress within the equipment, resulting in balanced and consistent dust removal performance. This also enhances the overall vibration resistance and stability of the equipment, preventing structural shifts and loosening caused by long-term vehicle vibrations, making it suitable for complex on-board operating conditions. The anodized aluminum substrate is lightweight, has high structural strength, is corrosion-resistant, and not easily deformed, meeting the requirements of lightweight modular design and adapting to the confined space and long-term operation conditions of rail vehicles.

[0052] The dielectric coating on the plate surface uniformly distributes the electric field, eliminates localized charge concentration and arcing, and improves the stability of electrostatic dust removal. Simultaneously, it reduces surface roughness, further optimizing the automatic dust removal effect, reducing stubborn dust adhesion, and lowering equipment maintenance frequency and costs. After overall structural optimization, while retaining the core advantages of quick-connect assembly, balanced maintenance, and real-time circulating dust removal, it further improves dust removal efficiency, operational stability, and service life, comprehensively enhancing the overall performance of the electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles.

[0053] In some examples, the electrostatic grid 200, as the core component for negative ion ionization, mainly consists of multiple sets of power conduction rods 210, discharge electrode needles 220, and power connectors 230, forming an overall discharge electrode structure. Several power conduction rods 210 are arranged obliquely to each other, forming an overall grid-like conductive frame structure. Compared to a horizontal and vertical orthogonal grid structure, the oblique grid layout further enhances the overall integrity and structural strength of the frame structure, resulting in more uniform stress distribution. This effectively resists continuous vibration during the operation of the rail vehicle, preventing electrode rods from loosening, deforming, or breaking. Simultaneously, it increases the electrode density, achieving full conductive coverage within the ionization space 110, providing a stable conductive foundation for uniform discharge ionization.

[0054] Multiple sets of discharge electrode needles 220 are sequentially and evenly arranged on the power conduction rod 210, with the discharge electrode needles 220 positioned perpendicular to the power conduction rod 210. This ensures that the electrode needles are neatly arranged, evenly spaced, and uniformly discharged. The vertical assembly structure precisely fixes the extension angle of the electrode needles, avoiding local electric field distortion and uneven discharge caused by electrode needle skewing or offset. This allows each discharge electrode needle 220 to independently, stably, and uniformly release negative ions, ensuring a uniform electric field distribution within the ionization space 110, with no discharge blind spots or localized high-voltage concentrations.

[0055] All discharge electrode needles 220 and the dust collection plate 300 are arranged on the same side of the power conduction rod 210, so that the discharge end of the discharge electrode needle 220 is precisely oriented towards the dust collection plate 300. This same-side oriented layout structure allows the negative ions released by the electrode needles to diffuse directly towards the dust collection plate 300. Dust particles in the airflow complete the charge modification within the shortest path and migrate directionally to the surface of the dust collection plate 300 under the adsorption of positive and negative electric fields. This significantly improves the dust ionization efficiency and adsorption dust removal effect, avoids energy loss and dust removal efficiency decay caused by disordered diffusion of negative ions, and achieves directional, efficient, and precise electrostatic dust removal.

[0056] Power connectors 230 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the lower end of the electrostatic grid 200, serving as the external power supply input terminals for the entire electrostatic grid 200, used to stably connect to a 24V low-voltage safety power supply module. The dual-sided power connector 230 power supply structure, compared to single-sided single-point power supply, effectively reduces line conduction resistance, avoids problems such as poor contact on one side, excessive line voltage drop, and local power instability, and ensures balanced voltage and high discharge consistency across the entire grid-like power conduction rod 210. Simultaneously, the dual-sided connector structure provides redundant power supply, ensuring normal overall power supply even in the event of abnormal contact on one side, improving the long-term power supply stability and reliability of the equipment, and adapting to complex operating conditions such as vehicle vibration and large temperature variations.

[0057] This structure, through the coordinated use of a grid-based oblique conductive frame, vertical array electrode needles, directional discharge layout, and dual-sided power supply structure, constructs a uniform, directional, efficient, and stable electrostatic ionization system. Combined with a front-end filtration and uniform flow structure and a lower dust collection structure, it further enhances the equipment's air purification capabilities and continuously realizes the functional advantages of ventilation, dust removal, and circulating purification in rail vehicle ducts.

[0058] The power conduction rod 210 adopts a diagonal grid structure, which has high overall structural strength and excellent vibration resistance, making it less susceptible to deformation and loosening due to vehicle vibration. Simultaneously, it achieves full-area conductive coverage of the ionization space, providing a stable structural foundation for uniform discharge ionization. The discharge electrode needles 220 are vertically arranged on the power conduction rod 210 in an array, with uniform electrode orientation and spacing, enabling uniform discharge across the entire area. This effectively eliminates electric field blind spots, avoids localized charge concentration, and improves the overall ionization effect of dust in the airflow of the duct.

[0059] The discharge electrode needle 220 and the dust collection plate 300 are oriented on the same side, enabling directional release of negative ions and directional adsorption of dust. This shortens the ionization and adsorption path, reduces energy loss, significantly improves electrostatic dust removal efficiency, and enhances the purification capabilities for PM2.5 and fine particulate matter. The system employs a dual-sided power connector 230 at the lower end, ensuring more stable power contact and a more balanced voltage distribution across the entire range. It also features power redundancy protection, effectively avoiding faults such as poor single-point power contact and abnormal voltage drop, significantly improving the reliability of long-term continuous operation.

[0060] The overall electrode structure is compact, with high discharge efficiency and strong stability. While retaining the core advantages of lightweight, modular, quick-disassembly maintenance, and balanced maintenance, it further optimizes the core performance of electrostatic ionization, improves the air circulation and purification quality of the rail vehicle duct, reduces the dust accumulation rate in the duct, and effectively alleviates the pressure of centralized overhaul operations.

[0061] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention applied herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary technical means not disclosed herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0062] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, but various modifications can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles, characterized in that, Used for dust removal at the air inlet or outlet of rail vehicles, including: The main body (100) has an ionization space (110) for gas to flow through and ionize and a dust collection space (120) for dust collection, the dust collection space (120) being located below the ionization space (110) and communicating with each other; An electrostatic grid (200) is disposed within the ionization space (110); A dust collection plate (300) is disposed on one side of the electrostatic grid (200) and extends from the ionization space (110) to the dust collection space (120).

2. The electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The filter grid (400) is provided on both sides of the ionization space (110), and the electrostatic grid (200) is located between the two filter grids (400).

3. The electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A cover (500) is flipped up and disposed on one side of the dust collection space (120).

4. The electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection plates (300) are a plurality of each other and are arranged sequentially in the horizontal direction.

5. The electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dust collection plate (300) has an angle with the vertical plane and is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the dust collection plates (300) on both sides are symmetrically arranged about the middle of the dust collection space (120).

6. The electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dust collection plate (300) is an anodized aluminum plate with a dielectric coating.

7. The electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrostatic grid (200) has a plurality of power conduction rods (210) and discharge electrode needles (220). The plurality of power conduction rods (210) are obliquely intersected into a grid shape, and the plurality of discharge electrode needles (220) are arranged sequentially on the power conduction rods (210).

8. The electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The discharge electrode needle (220) is perpendicular to the power conduction rod (210).

9. The electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that, The discharge electrode needle (220) and the dust collection plate (300) are located on the same side of the power conduction rod (210), so that the discharge electrode needle (220) faces the dust collection plate (300).

10. The electrostatic dust removal grille for rail vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electrostatic grid (200) has power connectors (230) on both sides of its lower end.

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