A device for digging a hole and applying fertilizer in planting a shaddap grapefruit

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of Wen Dan pear planting hole digging and fertilizing device, it is related to fruit tree planting fertilizing equipment technical field, including frame and the drill cylinder mechanism that can be axially moved and rotates, drill cylinder mechanism is equipped with driving shaft, material applying barrel, conical material guide part, conical bottom disc, aperture assembly and soil loosening assembly, material applying barrel is formed when moving down center space and peripheral operation space, and soil loosening blade breaks and disperses peripheral soil body;Material applying barrel is released granular medium when first lifting, and is guided into peripheral operation space and reoccupies central region when being pressed down again, then add fertilizer, and make fertilizer enter the center region released when second lifting.The application utilizes the same material applying barrel to realize the underground in-situ partition arrangement of peripheral granular medium region and central fertilizer region, without leaving underground forming component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fruit tree planting and fertilization equipment technology, and in particular to a hole-digging and fertilization device for pomelo planting. Background Technology

[0002] During the planting and growth of pomelos, fertilization is required based on factors such as tree age, growth stage, and soil fertility. To ensure that fertilizer is applied to the soil layer where the fruit tree roots are distributed, hole application after digging pits or drilling holes is a common fertilization method in fruit tree planting. Existing fruit tree pit fertilization equipment typically uses components such as drill bits, auger drill rods, or hollow drill cylinders to form fertilization holes in the soil. Then, granular fertilizer, organic fertilizer, and other materials are delivered into the fertilization holes through fertilizer delivery pipes, fertilizer storage cylinders, or fertilizer discharge mechanisms to reduce the amount of manual pit digging and fertilization work.

[0003] However, existing pit fertilization devices mainly address how fertilizer enters the ground, but they usually lack further regulation of the spatial distribution of fertilizer after it enters the ground. Pits concentrate fertilizer in a relatively small underground area. When fertilizer comes into direct contact with the soil around the fertilization hole, the nutrient concentration in the local area is easily concentrated after the fertilizer dissolves, which is not conducive to regulating the interaction area between the fertilizer and the soil around the roots.

[0004] Therefore, it is advisable to set up a granular medium zone with a certain thickness between the concentrated fertilizer and the surrounding soil, so as to create a spatial transition between the fertilizer and the surrounding soil. The pore structure formed between the granular medium can be used to change the migration path of water and dissolved nutrients from the fertilizer zone to the surrounding soil. When the granular medium is made of materials with adsorption and water retention properties, it can further improve the water and fertilizer retention conditions around the fertilizer.

[0005] However, it is not easy to form an inner fertilizer zone and an outer granular medium zone underground. For example, the prior art CN104920176B discloses a fruit tree water and fertilizer utilization tool, which defines different filling areas by an inner frame and an outer frame, sets granular permeable material between the inner and outer frames, and sets fertilizer in the inner frame, thereby forming an outer medium zone and a central fertilizer zone. This type of method requires setting and leaving corresponding forming components underground, which increases the device structure and layout operation, and is not conducive to using the same set of pit digging and fertilization equipment to continuously complete pit digging, zoning of different materials, and equipment removal operations.

[0006] Therefore, how to utilize the pit-digging fertilization device itself to form a mutually cooperating outer granular medium area and a central fertilizer area in situ underground without adding too many underground forming components and independent actuators is a problem that existing fruit tree pit-digging fertilization devices need to further solve. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hole-digging fertilization device for pomelo cultivation, which solves the problem that existing hole-digging fertilization devices cannot form mutually cooperating peripheral granular medium areas and central fertilizer areas in situ underground without adding too many underground forming components and independent actuators.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a hole-digging and fertilizing device for pomelo planting, comprising a frame and a drill cylinder mechanism that can move and rotate axially relative to the frame, the drill cylinder mechanism comprising: The drive shaft is connected to the rotary drive mechanism mounted on the frame. The feeding cylinder is rotatably sleeved around the drive shaft. The inside of the feeding cylinder forms a material cavity for successively accommodating granular media and fertilizer. The feeding cylinder is provided with a feeding port communicating with the material cavity. The lower end of the feeding cylinder forms a cone-shaped material guide with an open lower end. A conical chassis is connected to the drive shaft and located inside the conical guide section. The conical chassis and the conical guide section are rotatably coupled, and a limiting angle transmission coupling is formed between the conical chassis and the feeding cylinder. The two form a discharge channel that can be switched between the open and closed states. An opening assembly is connected to the drive shaft and located below the tapered guide section; And a soil-removing component, including multiple annular blade rows spaced apart along the axial direction of the feeding cylinder, each annular blade row including multiple soil-removing blades spaced apart along the circumference of the feeding cylinder, a migration gap is formed between adjacent soil-removing blades in the same annular blade row, and the rotational envelope surface of each annular blade row and the outer wall of the feeding cylinder together form an outer working space extending along the axial direction of the feeding cylinder. When the feeding cylinder enters the ground, the underground area occupied by the feeding cylinder body forms a central occupancy space located inside the outer working space; The peripheral working space is used to accommodate the loosened soil that has been broken by the soil-draining blade and migrated through the migration gap under the pressure of the soil-draining cylinder when the feeding cylinder moves underground for the first time. After the feeding cylinder reaches the predetermined depth, it can be lifted for the first time so that the granular medium pre-contained in the material cavity can enter the feeding cylinder through the opened discharge channel and exit the space released by the feeding cylinder. It can also move underground again so that the granular medium can be introduced into the peripheral working space through the conical guide part, while the feeding cylinder can occupy the central space again. The feeding port is used to add fertilizer to the material cavity when the feeding cylinder reoccupies the central space. When the feeding cylinder is lifted for the second time, the fertilizer gradually enters the feeding cylinder through the opened discharge channel and exits the released central space.

[0009] Preferably, the maximum gyration radius of each of the annular blade rows gradually increases from the bottom of the feeding cylinder upwards, so that the radial width of the peripheral working space gradually increases from bottom to top; When the application cylinder moves underground for the first time, the soil broken by the soil-removing blade is squeezed by the downward pressure generated by the application cylinder and migrates to the upper part of the outer working space through the migration gap.

[0010] Preferably, the conical guide section corresponds to the lower part of the peripheral working space, so that when the feeding cylinder moves underground again, the granular medium located below the feeding cylinder enters the peripheral working space radially outward along the conical guide section; The peripheral working space, whose radial width gradually increases from bottom to top, forms an axial migration channel for the granular medium. When the radial clearance of the peripheral soil is restricted, the granular medium that enters the peripheral working space later pushes the granular medium that entered earlier to migrate from bottom to top and replaces at least part of the loose soil located in the peripheral working space.

[0011] Preferably, the soil-dredging blade has a soil action surface that is inclined relative to the cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the application cylinder, and a soil-cutting edge is formed on the front side along the first rotation direction; When the feeding cylinder rotates in the first rotation direction, the cutting edge breaks the soil, the soil action surface disperses the broken soil, and the soil generates a reaction force with a component in the underground direction on the dispersing edge. When the feeding cylinder rotates in a second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction, the soil action surface exerts a pushing force on the soil and / or granular medium in the outer working space toward the bottom of the underground hole, and causes the soil and / or granular medium to generate a reaction force on the soil clearing blade with a component toward the ground surface.

[0012] Preferably, a limited angle transmission assembly is provided between the conical chassis and the feeding cylinder, and the conical chassis can rotate relative to the feeding cylinder between a first angular position and a second angular position; The first angular position corresponds to the closed state of the discharge channel, and the second angular position corresponds to the open state of the discharge channel; When the drive shaft changes its rotation direction, the conical chassis first rotates relative to the feeding cylinder between a first angular position and a second angular position to change the state of the discharge channel, and after reaching the corresponding angular position, it transmits rotational driving force to the feeding cylinder through the limiting angle transmission assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the angle limiting transmission assembly includes a limiting member fixed to the feeding cylinder and a stop pin fixed to the conical chassis. The limiting member has a first limiting part and a second limiting part, and the stop pin can move between the first limiting part and the second limiting part. The lower part of the feeding cylinder is provided with a discharge port, and the conical base is provided with a material passage corresponding to the discharge port; When the stop pin is located at the first limiting part, the discharge port and the feed port are offset from each other; when the stop pin is located at the second limiting part, the discharge port and the feed port at least partially overlap.

[0014] Preferably, the drive shaft passes through the feeding cylinder and extends to the underside of the conical chassis, and the opening assembly includes an opening blade fixed to the lower part of the drive shaft and a spiral drill bit disposed below the opening blade; The outer diameter of the feed cylinder is smaller than the rotation diameter of the perforating blade, and the rotation diameter of the perforating blade is smaller than the rotation diameter of the lowest annular blade array.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. It can utilize the same application cylinder to form a central fertilization zone and an outer control zone that work together in situ underground.

[0016] In this invention, when the application cylinder is first drilled underground, the cylinder body occupies the central area, and the rotation range of the soil-removing blade outside the cylinder forms the working area around it. After the first lifting, the granular medium is released underground, and then the application cylinder is pressed down again, causing the granular medium to migrate from the central area to the outer working area under the action of the conical guide section, while the application cylinder re-occupies the central position. Thus, there is no need to permanently set up inner and outer frames or other forming components underground. The reusable application cylinder can complete the in-situ construction of the outer medium area and the central occupancy area, providing a clear spatial basis for the subsequent entry of fertilizer into the central area and reducing the structural complexity of the underground layered fertilization structure.

[0017] 2. It can utilize the loosening conditions formed during the first drilling to provide a continuous migration channel for the second distribution of particulate media, thereby improving the formation stability of the peripheral media zone under different soil conditions.

[0018] This invention uses multiple annular cutting edges to break up the soil around the application cylinder, and utilizes the migration gap between adjacent cutting edges to allow the loosened soil compressed by the application cylinder to migrate along the outer working space. When the application cylinder presses down again, the granular medium enters the same outer working space. When the outer soil is relatively loose, the granular medium can be squeezed radially outward. When the radial clearance of the outer soil is limited, the subsequent granular medium can push the previously entered granular medium to migrate from bottom to top along the outer working space and replace part of the loosened soil. Therefore, the soil-draining space generated by the first drilling is reused in the second granular medium forming process, reducing the dependence of the granular medium distribution on the soil looseness.

[0019] 3. It can bring fertilizer into the designated central area through the "occupancy-exit-material replacement" method, reducing the mixing of granular media and fertilizer and improving the spatial distribution of underground materials.

[0020] After the feeding cylinder is pressed down for the second time, its cylinder body reoccupies the central area surrounded by the granular medium, and fertilizer is added to the material cavity in this state. Then the feeding cylinder is lifted for the second time, and the fertilizer gradually enters the central space it releases as the feeding cylinder is withdrawn. Thus, the feeding cylinder serves as both a feeding component and a removable underground forming core, allowing the outer granular medium to be positioned first before the central fertilizer is filled. This reduces the possibility of the granular medium falling back into the central area and the fertilizer mixing with the outer medium in the early stage of application, so that the final underground fertilization area has a clear center-periphery spatial hierarchy.

[0021] 4. The soil clearing component participates in the drilling, soil migration and casing withdrawal processes simultaneously, enabling the same simple structure to have interconnected effects at different working stages.

[0022] This invention arranges multiple soil-dredging blades along the circumference and axial direction of the application cylinder, with the rotation range of each annular blade array gradually increasing from bottom to top. As the application cylinder moves underground, the soil-dredging blades can break the surrounding soil, and the migration gap between adjacent soil-dredging blades provides an upward path for the squeezed soil. At the same time, the interaction between the soil-dredging blades and the soil provides an auxiliary downward axial force for the application cylinder. When the application cylinder rotates in the opposite direction and withdraws, the soil-dredging blades can also push the surrounding soil and / or granular media towards the bottom of the hole, and obtain a reaction force that is conducive to the withdrawal of the application cylinder. Thus, the same soil-dredging component takes into account soil breaking, soil dredging, external space construction, and cylinder withdrawal assistance, without the need to set up separate soil discharge, compaction, and cylinder withdrawal working mechanisms, which is conducive to completing multi-stage operations while maintaining structural simplicity. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hole-digging and fertilizing device for pomelo planting according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the drill barrel mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the drill barrel mechanism of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural state of the limiting angle transmission component when the material discharge channel of the present invention is in the closed state.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structural state of the limiting angle transmission component when the material discharge channel of the present invention is in the open state.

[0028] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram showing the formation of the central occupancy space and the surrounding working space when the drill barrel mechanism of the present invention initially enters the soil layer.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the evacuated soil migrating upwards along the outer working space as the drill barrel mechanism of the present invention continues to move underground.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of transferring particulate media from the central region to the peripheral working space according to the present invention. Figure 8 (a) is a schematic diagram showing the state of the feed cylinder after it has first moved down to the predetermined depth. Figure 8 (b) is a schematic diagram showing the state of the feed cylinder being lifted and releasing the granular medium for the first time. Figure 8 (c) is a schematic diagram showing the state of the feed cylinder being pressed down again and the granular medium being introduced into the surrounding working space.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of fertilizer entering the central area according to the present invention, wherein, Figure 9 (d) is a schematic diagram showing the state in which the feed cylinder reoccupies the central area and adds fertilizer into the material chamber. Figure 9 (e) is a schematic diagram of the state in which the fertilizer cylinder is lifted for the second time and the fertilizer enters the central area where it is released upon exit.

[0032] In the diagram: 100, frame; 101, rotary drive mechanism; 201, drive shaft; 202, feeding cylinder; 203, conical guide section; 204, conical base; 205, discharge channel; 206, limiting component; 207, stop pin; 208, first limiting section; 209, second limiting section; 210, discharge port; 211, material passage; 301, soil loosening blade; 302, migration gap; 303, soil action surface; 304, soil cutting edge; 401, hole-opening blade; 402, auger drill bit; S1, central occupancy space; S2, peripheral working space; W1, granular medium; W2, fertilizer; T, loose soil. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0035] Example 1 Reference Figures 1-5 This embodiment provides a hole-digging and fertilizing device for pomelo planting, including a frame 100 and a drill cylinder mechanism disposed on the frame 100. The frame 100 is used to support the drill cylinder mechanism and the corresponding drive components. The rotary drive mechanism 101 is slidably disposed on the frame 100 along the axial direction of the drill cylinder mechanism and is connected to the drive shaft 201 for transmission. The rotary drive mechanism 101 is used to drive the drive shaft 201 to rotate around its own axis and can move up and down along the frame 100 with the externally applied feed action, so as to drive the drill cylinder mechanism to enter or exit the soil layer along the axial direction, thereby completing the hole-digging, underground fertilization and cylinder withdrawal operations.

[0036] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the drill barrel mechanism includes a drive shaft 201, a feeding cylinder 202, a conical guide section 203, a conical base 204, an opening assembly, and a soil removal assembly.

[0037] The drive shaft 201 is arranged axially along the feeding cylinder 202, which is rotatably sleeved around the drive shaft 201. A material cavity is formed inside the feeding cylinder 202, which is used to successively contain granular medium W1 and fertilizer W2 at different operation stages. A feeding port communicating with the material cavity is provided at the upper part of the feeding cylinder 202, so that the corresponding material can be added to the material cavity from the upper part of the feeding cylinder 202 when the drilling mechanism is located underground.

[0038] In this embodiment, the granular medium W1 can be one or more of the following: sieved loose replacement soil, natural zeolite particles, granulated biochar, porous ceramsite, decomposed organic matter particles, and coarse sand. The loose replacement soil is used to improve the soil structure of the surrounding area, the porous particles are used to form stable pores, the decomposed organic matter particles are used to improve the organic matter conditions of the surrounding area, and the coarse sand can be used to improve the looseness and flowability of the mixture. Depending on the actual planting needs, granular media with certain adsorption and water retention properties can also be used. Fertilizer W2 is granular fertilizer that can be discharged through the discharge channel 205.

[0039] The lower end of the feeding cylinder 202 forms a conical guide section 203. The conical guide section 203 gradually narrows from top to bottom and forms an opening at the lower end. The conical base 204 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 201 and is located inside the conical guide section 203, so that the drive shaft 201 can directly drive the conical base 204 to rotate when it rotates.

[0040] The conical base 204 and the conical guide section 203 can rotate relative to each other, and the conical base 204 and the feeding cylinder 202 form a limited angle transmission cooperation. A discharge channel 205 is provided between the two. By changing the angle position of the conical base 204 relative to the feeding cylinder 202, the discharge channel 205 can be switched between a closed state and an open state. When the discharge channel 205 is in the closed state, the material can be kept in the material cavity of the feeding cylinder 202. When the discharge channel 205 is switched to the open state, the granular medium W1 or fertilizer W2 in the material cavity can be discharged to the lower part of the feeding cylinder 202 through the discharge channel 205 under the action of gravity.

[0041] Specifically, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 A limited angle transmission assembly is provided between the conical chassis 204 and the feeding cylinder 202. The limited angle transmission assembly includes a limiting member 206 fixed to the feeding cylinder 202 and a stop pin 207 fixed to the conical chassis 204. The limiting member 206 limits the angular range of the stop pin 207 moving in the circumferential direction and has a first limiting part 208 and a second limiting part 209. The limiting member 206 is located on the upper side of the conical chassis 204 and forms an axial limiting engagement with the conical chassis 204 to restrict the conical chassis 204 and the feeding cylinder 202 from disengaging from each other in the axial direction, while allowing the two to rotate relative to each other within the limited angle range.

[0042] The lower part of the feeding cylinder 202 is provided with a discharge port 210, and the conical base 204 is provided with a material passage 211 corresponding to the discharge port 210. When the stop pin 207 is located at the first limiting part 208, the discharge port 210 and the material passage 211 are staggered, so that the discharge channel 205 is in a closed state. After the stop pin 207 moves from the first limiting part 208 to the second limiting part 209, the discharge port 210 and the material passage 211 gradually correspond. When the stop pin 207 reaches the second limiting part 209, the discharge port 210 and the material passage 211 at least partially overlap, so that the discharge channel 205 is in an open state.

[0043] During its operation, when the rotary drive mechanism 101 drives the drive shaft 201 to change the direction of rotation, the conical chassis 204 can rotate with the drive shaft 201 relative to the material cylinder 202 first, due to the resistance constraint of the surrounding soil and the soil clearing component, so that the stop pin 207 moves between the first limit part 208 and the second limit part 209, thereby completing the opening and closing state switching of the discharge channel 205 first; when the stop pin 207 reaches the corresponding limit part, the conical chassis 204 continues to rotate, that is, it transmits the rotational driving force to the material cylinder 202 through the stop pin 207 and the limit part 206, thereby making the material cylinder 202 and the drive shaft 201 rotate together. Therefore, one rotation direction switching can be completed in sequence: discharge state switching - end of limit angle stroke - establishment of material cylinder rotation drive, without the need to configure a separate opening and closing drive mechanism for the discharge port 210.

[0044] The drive shaft 201 passes through the material application cylinder 202 and extends to the lower side of the conical chassis 204. The hole-opening assembly is located at the lower part of the drive shaft 201. The hole-opening assembly includes a hole-opening blade 401 and a spiral drill bit 402 located below the hole-opening blade 401. The spiral drill bit 402 first contacts the soil and is used to center the drill cylinder mechanism and perform initial soil breaking. The hole-opening blade 401 rotates with the drive shaft 201 to further enlarge the initial hole formed by the spiral drill bit 402, providing basic space for the subsequent entry of the material application cylinder 202 into the ground.

[0045] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the material application cylinder 202 is smaller than the rotation diameter of the perforating blade 401, and the rotation diameter of the perforating blade 401 is smaller than the rotation diameter of the lowest annular blade row. Therefore, the foundation hole formed by the perforating blade 401 can reduce the resistance encountered when the material application cylinder 202 directly enters the soil layer, while the soil clearing blade 301 located on the periphery of the material application cylinder 202 can still act on the soil outside the foundation hole to form the peripheral working space S2 mentioned later.

[0046] Example 2 Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 Based on Example 1, this example further illustrates the formation and working process of the soil clearing component, the central occupancy space S1, and the peripheral working space S2.

[0047] The soil clearing component is disposed on the outer wall of the application cylinder 202 and includes multiple annular blade rows arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the application cylinder 202. Each annular blade row includes multiple soil clearing blades 301 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the application cylinder 202. In the same annular blade row, adjacent soil clearing blades 301 are spaced apart to form a migration gap 302. There is also an axial interval between different annular blade rows. Thus, each migration gap 302 and the area between different annular blade rows are interconnected, providing space for the crushed soil and the subsequently introduced particulate medium W1 to migrate along the periphery of the application cylinder 202.

[0048] It should be noted that the peripheral working space S2 referred to in this embodiment does not refer to a completely soil-free annular cavity formed around the material cylinder 202, but rather to an annular working area jointly defined by the outer wall of the material cylinder 202 and the rotating envelope of each soil-removing blade 301. Depending on the different working stages, the soil-removing blade 301, the loosened soil T, and the particulate medium W1 may exist in the peripheral working space S2.

[0049] After the material application cylinder 202 enters the underground, the underground area occupied by the cylinder itself constitutes the central occupancy space S1; the area located outside the central occupancy space S1, between the outer wall of the material application cylinder 202 and the outer edge of the sludge removal blade 301, constitutes the outer working space S2.

[0050] In this embodiment, the maximum gyration radius of each annular blade row gradually increases from the bottom of the feeding cylinder 202 upwards, so that the radial width of the outer working space S2 gradually increases from bottom to top accordingly. As a result, the lower soil-dredging blade 301 first acts on the outer soil that is closer to the feeding cylinder 202, while the upper soil-dredging blade 301 acts on the soil that is farther away from the feeding cylinder 202 step by step, thereby forming a soil-dredging action area that gradually expands outwards from bottom to top.

[0051] When the feed cylinder 202 moves underground for the first time, the auger bit 402 first centers and initially breaks up the soil, and the drilling blade 401 further forms the foundation hole. Since the rotation diameter of the drilling blade 401 is smaller than the rotation diameter of the lowest annular blade row, soil is still retained around the foundation hole for the action of the soil-draining blade 301. As the drill cylinder mechanism continues to move downward, the soil-draining blade 301 around the feed cylinder 202 enters this part of the soil and rotates with the feed cylinder 202, cutting, breaking and dispersing the soil around the foundation hole, transforming the originally relatively integral soil into a dispersed soil T that can undergo relative migration.

[0052] A migration gap 302 is formed between adjacent soil-dredging blades 301 in the same annular blade row. Therefore, as the drill barrel mechanism continues to move underground, the loose soil T formed by crushing can gradually migrate to the upper part of the outer working space S2 through the migration gap 302 and the area between different annular blade rows.

[0053] The maximum turning radius of each annular blade row gradually increases from bottom to top. On the one hand, this allows the soil-dredging blades 301 at different heights to act on the soil at different radial positions on the periphery in stages. On the other hand, it gives the peripheral working space S2 a gradually increasing radial width from bottom to top, thereby providing a gradually increasing space for the dredging soil T to migrate from bottom to top, reducing the possibility of excessive accumulation of the upward-moving soil in the upper part of the peripheral working space S2.

[0054] Furthermore, the soil-dredging blade 301 has a soil-acting surface 303 and a soil-cutting edge 304. The soil-acting surface 303 is inclined relative to the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the application cylinder 202, and the soil-cutting edge 304 is formed on the front side of the soil-dredging blade 301 along the first rotation direction.

[0055] When the application cylinder 202 rotates along the first rotation direction and moves underground, the cutting edge 304 first cuts into the surrounding soil, cutting and breaking the soil. Subsequently, the inclined soil action surface 303 interacts with the broken and loose soil T, generating an axial pushing force on the loose soil T in the direction of the upper part of the outer working space S2, causing the loose soil T to gradually migrate upward through the migration gap 302. Correspondingly, the loose soil T generates a reaction force in the opposite direction on the soil action surface 303. This reaction force has an axial component in the direction of the ground, which can assist the downward movement of the application cylinder 202.

[0056] Therefore, the upward migration of the evacuated soil T in the outer working space S2 is achieved by two factors: first, the continuous downward movement of the drill barrel mechanism compresses the soil, causing the broken soil to tend to move outward and upward; second, the inclined evacuation blade 301 rotates with the feeding cylinder 202, exerting an axial pushing effect on the evacuated soil T towards the upper part of the outer working space S2. The two factors work together to enable the evacuated soil T to migrate upward through the migration gaps 302.

[0057] Since multiple soil-removing blades 301 are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction and form multiple annular blade rows in the axial direction, the soil-removing component does not use continuous spiral blades to continuously transport the soil. Instead, it uses multiple discretely arranged inclined soil action surfaces 303 to generate a dispersed crushing and axial pushing effect on the soil, and uses the migration gaps 302 between the soil-removing blades 301 to form a soil migration channel.

[0058] When the feeding cylinder 202 rotates in a second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction, the inclined soil action surface 303 interacts with the loose soil T and / or granular medium W1 in the outer working space S2 in the opposite direction to the first rotation direction, causing the loose soil T and / or granular medium W1 to be subjected to axial pushing force towards the bottom of the underground hole; correspondingly, the loose soil T and / or granular medium W1 generate a reaction force towards the ground surface on the loosening blade 301, thereby assisting the drilling mechanism to exit the soil layer during the lifting process of the feeding cylinder 202.

[0059] Thus, the same soil-dredging component can complete the cutting, crushing and upward dredging of the surrounding soil during the first downward movement of the drill barrel mechanism, and use the soil reaction to assist the drill barrel mechanism to move downward; during the subsequent reverse rotation and lifting process, it can also push the soil and / or granular medium W1 in the outer working space S2 downward, and use the corresponding reaction to assist the feeding cylinder 202 to exit upward, so that the same soil-dredging component can play a role in connecting with each other in different operation stages.

[0060] Example 3 Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 Based on the device structures described in Embodiments 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a method for fertilizing pomelo cultivation. Through the repeated advance and retreat of the application cylinder 202 underground, the granular medium W1 is transferred from the central area to the peripheral area, and the fertilizer W2 ultimately enters the central area released by the application cylinder 202. The fertilization process in this embodiment includes the following stages: S1, the feeding cylinder moves down for the first time. Before the operation begins, the granular medium W1 is preloaded into the material chamber of the feeding cylinder 202 and the discharge channel 205 is closed so that the granular medium W1 is kept in the feeding cylinder 202. Then, the rotary drive mechanism 101 is started so that the drive shaft 201 rotates in the first rotation direction and the drilling mechanism moves underground relative to the frame 100.

[0061] The auger bit 402 first cuts into the soil and completes centering and initial soil breaking. The hole-opening blade 401 further forms a foundation hole for the material application cylinder 202 to enter. As the drilling cylinder mechanism continues to move down, the material application cylinder 202 gradually enters the ground, and the soil-clearing blade 301 acts on the soil around the foundation hole.

[0062] Reference Figure 8 (a) After the material delivery cylinder 202 enters the ground, the area actually occupied by the cylinder forms the central occupancy space S1, and the rotation area of ​​the soil clearing blade 301 forms the outer working space S2 around the central occupancy space S1.

[0063] The soil-dredging blade 301 cuts and breaks the surrounding soil, forming a loose soil body T. As the feeding cylinder 202 continues to press down, the loose soil body T is squeezed and migrates to the upper part of the outer working space S2 through the migration gap 302. Therefore, in the first downward movement stage, the central occupancy space S1 is occupied by the feeding cylinder 202 body, while the outer working space S2 mainly accommodates the soil-dredging blade 301 and the loose soil body T formed during the drilling process.

[0064] S2, The feeding cylinder is lifted for the first time and releases the granular medium. When the application cylinder 202 reaches the predetermined fertilization depth, the rotation direction of the drive shaft 201 is changed. After the drive shaft 201 is reversed, the conical chassis 204 first rotates at a limited angle relative to the application cylinder 202 which is subjected to the action of the soil, so that the stop pin 207 moves from the first limiting part 208 to the second limiting part 209, thereby switching the discharge port 210 and the passage port 211 from a staggered state to at least a partially overlapping state, the discharge channel 205 is opened, and then the application cylinder 202 is lifted for the first time.

[0065] Reference Figure 8 (b) As the feeding cylinder 202 gradually moves upward, the central space S1 it originally occupied is gradually released from bottom to top. The granular medium W1 pre-loaded in the material chamber is discharged downward through the opened discharge channel 205 and enters the underground space formed after the feeding cylinder 202 moves out.

[0066] Therefore, this stage does not involve pre-forming an underground cavity and then separately filling it with granular medium W1, but rather utilizing the space gradually released during the first withdrawal of the feeding cylinder 202 to simultaneously accommodate the granular medium W1.

[0067] During the first lifting process, the material feeding cylinder 202 can also continue to rotate in the second rotation direction, so that the soil clearing blade 301 exerts a downward force on the loose soil T in the outer working space S2, and uses the corresponding reaction force to assist the material feeding cylinder 202 to exit upward.

[0068] S3. The feeding cylinder is pressed down again to allow the granular media to enter the surrounding working space. After the granular medium W1 is released, the rotation direction of the drive shaft 201 is changed again, so that the conical chassis 204 rotates back to another angle position relative to the feeding cylinder 202, the discharge port 210 and the feed port 211 are staggered again, so that the discharge channel 205 is closed again, and then the feeding cylinder 202 is moved underground again.

[0069] Reference Figure 8 (c) When the conical guide section 203 enters the granular medium W1 that has been discharged underground, as the conical guide section 203 expands radially outward from bottom to top towards the feed cylinder 202, the granular medium W1 located below it is squeezed and guided by the conical guide section 203 during the process of the feed cylinder 202 continuing to press down, and gradually moves radially outward towards the feed cylinder 202, thus entering the outer working space S2 that has been formed in the first drilling stage.

[0070] At the same time, the cylinder body of the material application cylinder 202 re-enters the original released central area and re-occupies the central occupant space S1. Here, the peripheral working space S2 plays different roles in two different stages: during the first downward movement, it serves as the working area of ​​the soil clearing blade 301 and the migration area of ​​the soil T; during the second downward movement of the material application cylinder 202, the same peripheral working space S2 further serves as the area for the introduction and redistribution of the particulate medium W1.

[0071] When the working soil is relatively loose and has good radial clearance capacity, the granular medium W1 can move directly to the radial periphery after being squeezed by the conical guide section 203, and push some of the loose soil T to make way outward or upward.

[0072] When the outer soil is relatively compacted and radial clearance is restricted, the granular medium W1 does not require continuous radial outward squeezing of the complete outer soil. Since the first downward movement stage has already formed an outer working space S2 containing loose soil T around the feed cylinder 202 through the soil loosening blade 301, and the outer working space S2 extends along the axial direction of the feed cylinder 202, as the feed cylinder 202 continues to move downward, the granular medium W1 continuously entering the outer working space S2 from the bottom can push the granular medium W1 that entered first to migrate from bottom to top, and further push or replace at least part of the loose soil T that was originally located in the outer working space S2.

[0073] As the maximum gyration radius of each annular blade row gradually increases from bottom to top, the radial width of the outer working space S2 also gradually increases from bottom to top, thus providing a gradually expanding migration space for the granular medium W1 to migrate from bottom to top. This helps to reduce the resistance encountered by the granular medium W1 when it continues to migrate to the upper part of the outer working space S2. Therefore, under different soil conditions, the granular medium W1 can be distributed around the feed cylinder 202 that has re-entered the ground through radial extrusion, axial upward migration, or a combination of both.

[0074] S4. Add fertilizer and raise the feed cylinder for the second time. When the feeding cylinder 202 is pressed down to the predetermined position again, the feeding cylinder 202 occupies the central space S1 again, and the granular medium W1 is at least partially distributed in the peripheral working space S2 around the feeding cylinder 202. While keeping the feeding cylinder 202 occupying the central space S1, fertilizer W2 is added into the material cavity through the feeding port at the top of the feeding cylinder 202.

[0075] like Figure 9As shown in (d), at this time, an outer area containing at least granular medium W1 has been formed, while the central space S1 is still occupied by the cylinder body of the application cylinder 202 itself. Therefore, the fertilizer W2 added later and the outer granular medium W1 are separated by the space of the cylinder wall of the application cylinder 202 in the initial stage of addition. Then, the rotation direction of the drive shaft 201 is changed again, so that the discharge channel 205 is switched from the closed state to the open state, and the application cylinder 202 is lifted for the second time.

[0076] like Figure 9 As shown in (e), as the feeding cylinder 202 gradually exits from bottom to top, the central space S1 it originally occupied is simultaneously released from bottom to top, and the fertilizer W2 in the material chamber of the feeding cylinder 202 gradually enters the central area that has just been released through the discharge channel 205.

[0077] In other words, the application cylinder 202 serves as both a container and conveyor for fertilizer W2 during this stage, and a temporary underground occupant that can be withdrawn. During the withdrawal of the application cylinder 202, fertilizer W2 gradually replaces the space originally occupied by the application cylinder 202.

[0078] After the feed cylinder 202 completes its second lifting, a fertilizer zone is formed underground at the center, and an outer control zone is formed around the fertilizer zone, containing at least particulate media W1.

[0079] It should be noted that the outer control area is not required to be entirely composed of granular medium W1. In the specific operation process, depending on the degree of soil compaction, the amount of granular medium W1 applied, and the depth of the application cylinder 202 pressing down again, a portion of loose soil T can be retained in the outer operation space S2, thereby forming an outer area composed of granular medium W1 and a portion of loose soil T.

[0080] Therefore, this embodiment achieves the following: a first downward movement to form a central occupant space S1 and an outer working space S2; a first lifting to release granular medium W1; a second downward pressure to redistribute granular medium W1 from the center to the outer working space S2, and to allow the application cylinder 202 to re-occupy the central area; fertilizer W2 is added while the central occupant is in the central position, and then a second lifting causes fertilizer W2 to replace the central space released by the application cylinder 202; thus, the same application cylinder 202 is used to complete the underground in-situ arrangement of the outer granular medium area and the central fertilizer area, without the need to permanently leave inner and outer forming frames underground to restrict the position of different materials.

[0081] Working principle: When this device is in operation, the granular medium W1 is first loaded into the feeding cylinder 202 and the discharge channel 205 is closed. The drilling mechanism is driven to rotate and move underground. While the hole-opening component completes the soil breaking and hole opening, the feeding cylinder 202 occupies the central area to form the central occupancy space S1. The outer soil-clearing blade 301 breaks and disperses the soil, causing the dispersed soil T to migrate upward along the outer working space S2.

[0082] When the feeding cylinder 202 reaches the predetermined depth, the discharge channel 205 is opened and the feeding cylinder 202 is lifted for the first time. The granular medium W1 enters the feeding cylinder 202 and exits the released underground space. Then the discharge channel 205 is closed again and the feeding cylinder 202 is pressed down again. The conical guide part 203 guides the granular medium W1 radially outward into the outer working space S2. When the radial clearance of the outer soil is restricted, the granular medium W1 can also migrate from bottom to top along the outer working space S2 and replace part of the loose soil T. At the same time, the feeding cylinder 202 reoccupies the central occupant space S1.

[0083] In this state, fertilizer W2 is added into the application cylinder 202, the discharge channel 205 is opened again, and the application cylinder 202 is lifted for the second time, so that fertilizer W2 gradually enters the central area it releases as the application cylinder 202 exits, thereby forming a fertilizer area in the center underground and an outer control area containing at least particulate medium W1 on its periphery. When the application cylinder 202 rotates in the opposite direction during the lifting process, the soil clearing blade 301 can also exert a downward pushing force on the surrounding soil and / or particulate medium W1, and use the corresponding reaction force to assist the application cylinder 202 in exiting the soil layer.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hole-digging and fertilizing device for pomelo planting, comprising a frame (100) and a drill cylinder mechanism that can move and rotate axially relative to the frame (100), characterized in that, The drill barrel mechanism includes: The drive shaft (201) is connected to the rotary drive mechanism (101) mounted on the frame (100); The feeding cylinder (202) is rotatably sleeved around the drive shaft (201). The inside of the feeding cylinder (202) forms a material cavity for successively accommodating granular media and fertilizer. The feeding cylinder (202) is provided with a feeding port communicating with the material cavity. The lower end of the feeding cylinder (202) forms a cone-shaped guide part (203) with an open lower end. A conical chassis (204) is connected to the drive shaft (201) and located inside the conical guide section (203). The conical chassis (204) and the conical guide section (203) are rotatably coupled, and a limiting angle transmission coupling is formed between the conical chassis (204) and the feeding cylinder (202). A discharge channel (205) that can be switched between the open and closed states is formed between the two. An opening assembly is connected to the drive shaft (201) and located below the tapered guide section (203); And a soil-removing component, including multiple annular blade rows spaced apart along the axial direction of the application cylinder (202), each annular blade row including multiple soil-removing blades (301) spaced apart along the circumference of the application cylinder (202), a migration gap (302) is formed between adjacent soil-removing blades (301) in the same annular blade row, and the rotating envelope surface of each annular blade row and the outer wall of the application cylinder (202) together form an outer working space extending along the axial direction of the application cylinder (202); When the feeding cylinder (202) enters the ground, the underground area occupied by the feeding cylinder (202) forms a central occupancy space located inside the outer working space; The outer working space is used to accommodate the loose soil that has been broken by the loosening blade (301) and migrated through the migration gap (302) under the pressure of the loosening cylinder (202) when the feeding cylinder (202) moves underground for the first time; After the feeding cylinder (202) reaches the predetermined depth, it can be lifted for the first time so that the granular medium pre-contained in the material cavity enters the feeding cylinder (202) through the opened discharge channel (205) and exits the released space. It can then move underground again so that the granular medium can be introduced into the peripheral working space through the conical guide part (203), while the feeding cylinder (202) can re-occupy the central space. The feeding port is used to add fertilizer to the material cavity when the feeding cylinder (202) reoccupies the central space. When the feeding cylinder (202) is lifted for the second time, the fertilizer gradually enters the feeding cylinder (202) through the opened discharge channel (205) and exits the released central space.

2. The hole-digging and fertilizing device for pomelo planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum gyration radius of each of the annular blade rows gradually increases from the bottom of the feed cylinder (202) upwards, so that the radial width of the peripheral working space gradually increases from bottom to top; When the application cylinder (202) moves underground for the first time, the soil broken by the soil-removing blade (301) is squeezed by the downward pressure generated by the application cylinder (202) and migrates to the upper part of the outer working space through the migration gap (302).

3. The hole-digging and fertilizing device for pomelo planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conical guide section (203) corresponds to the lower part of the peripheral working space so that when the feeding cylinder (202) moves underground again, the granular medium located below the feeding cylinder (202) enters the peripheral working space radially outward along the conical guide section (203); The peripheral working space, whose radial width gradually increases from bottom to top, forms an axial migration channel for the granular medium. When the radial clearance of the peripheral soil is restricted, the granular medium that enters the peripheral working space later pushes the granular medium that entered earlier to migrate from bottom to top and replaces at least part of the loose soil located in the peripheral working space.

4. The plowing and fertilization device for pomelo planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil-clearing blade (301) has a soil action surface (303) that is inclined relative to the cross-section perpendicular to the axis of the application cylinder (202), and a soil-cutting edge (304) is formed on the front side along the first rotation direction. When the feeding cylinder (202) rotates in the first rotation direction, the cutting edge (304) breaks the soil, the soil action surface (303) disperses the broken soil, and the soil generates a reaction force with a component toward the ground on the soil dispersing edge (301). When the material application cylinder (202) rotates in a second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction, the soil action surface (303) exerts a pushing force on the soil and / or granular medium in the outer working space toward the bottom of the underground hole, and causes the soil and / or granular medium to generate a reaction force with a component toward the ground surface on the soil clearing blade (301).

5. The hole-digging and fertilization device for pomelo planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limited angle transmission assembly is provided between the conical chassis (204) and the feeding cylinder (202), and the conical chassis (204) is able to rotate relative to the feeding cylinder (202) between a first angular position and a second angular position; The first angular position corresponds to the closed state of the discharge channel (205), and the second angular position corresponds to the open state of the discharge channel (205); When the drive shaft (201) changes its rotation direction, the conical chassis (204) first rotates relative to the feeding cylinder (202) between the first angular position and the second angular position to change the state of the discharge channel (205), and after reaching the corresponding angular position, it transmits the rotational driving force to the feeding cylinder (202) through the limiting angle transmission assembly.

6. The hole-digging and fertilizing device for pomelo planting according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle-limiting transmission assembly includes a limiting member (206) fixed to the feeding cylinder (202) and a stop pin (207) fixed to the conical chassis (204). The limiting member (206) has a first limiting part (208) and a second limiting part (209). The stop pin (207) can move between the first limiting part (208) and the second limiting part (209). The lower part of the feeding cylinder (202) is provided with a discharge port (210), and the conical base (204) is provided with a material passage port (211) corresponding to the discharge port (210). When the stop pin (207) is located at the first limiting part (208), the discharge port (210) and the feed port (211) are offset from each other; when the stop pin (207) is located at the second limiting part (209), the discharge port (210) and the feed port (211) at least partially overlap.

7. The hole-digging and fertilization device for pomelo planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive shaft (201) passes through the feeding cylinder (202) and extends to the lower side of the conical chassis (204). The opening assembly includes an opening blade (401) fixed to the lower part of the drive shaft (201) and a spiral drill bit (402) disposed below the opening blade (401). The outer diameter of the feed cylinder (202) is smaller than the rotation diameter of the perforating blade (401), and the rotation diameter of the perforating blade (401) is smaller than the rotation diameter of the lowest layer of the annular blade array.

8. A method for fertilizing pomelo cultivation, using the pomelo planting pit-digging fertilization device as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The pre-loaded granular medium in the feed cylinder (202) is brought underground, the feed cylinder (202) occupies the central area, and the soil-clearing blade (301) on the periphery of the feed cylinder (202) is used to break and disperse the surrounding soil, so that the dispersed soil moves along the periphery of the feed cylinder (202). S2. First, lift the feeding cylinder (202) to release the granular medium into the feeding cylinder (202) and exit the underground space formed therein; S3. Press down the feeding cylinder (202) again, and guide the granular medium into the outer working space around the feeding cylinder (202) through the conical guide part (203) at the lower end of the feeding cylinder (202), and let the feeding cylinder (202) occupy the central area again; S4. With the application cylinder (202) occupying the central area again, add fertilizer into the application cylinder (202), lift the application cylinder (202) again and release the fertilizer, so that the fertilizer enters the application cylinder (202) and exits the released central area.

9. A method for fertilizing pomelo cultivation according to claim 8, characterized in that: In S3, when the radial clearance of the soil in the outer working space is restricted, as the feed cylinder (202) continues to press down, the granular media that subsequently enter the outer working space pushes the granular media that entered earlier to migrate from bottom to top along the outer working space and replace at least part of the loose soil formed in S1.

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