A welding gantry and welding apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a welding frame and a welding device, which comprise a frame body, a layered moving assembly movably arranged on the frame body along the extension direction of a weld seam, and a welding assembly connected to the layered moving assembly, wherein the welding assembly is provided with a welding part corresponding to the weld seam; and the layered moving assembly has at least two layered moving tracks, and the at least two layered moving tracks correspond to different width regions of the weld seam respectively. The application can adapt the welding track to different welding layers, which is beneficial to improve the uniformity of weld seam filling and the welding stability, and reduce the dependence of welding operation on artificial experience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding equipment technology, and in particular to a welding frame and welding apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Large steel structural components such as hydraulic steel gates are typically fabricated in sections and assembled on-site, with adjacent components forming welded joints. Due to the thickness of the steel plates, beveling is usually required at the joints, and multiple layers of welding are performed in sequence: root pass, fill pass, and cover pass. The beveling depth is narrower, while the width near the opening is wider, resulting in varying weld coverage widths for different weld layers. The welding quality of these joint welds affects the structural strength, sealing performance, and long-term operational reliability of the steel gate.

[0003] In current on-site welding processes, welders typically move a hand-held welding torch along the weld seam, manually controlling the direction of electrode movement and the lateral oscillation amplitude according to the width of different weld layers. Welding long vertical surfaces can easily lead to welder fatigue, and the electrode movement speed, oscillation amplitude, and welding trajectory are highly dependent on the welder's experience, easily resulting in inconsistent oscillation amplitudes at different locations and uneven weld filling. If auxiliary structures are used that can only move along the weld seam extension direction or only form a single oscillation trajectory, it is difficult to simultaneously accommodate the narrow welding area deep within the bevel and the wider welding area near the bevel opening.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a welding frame that can select the appropriate movement trajectory according to the different width areas of the seam to be welded, so as to adapt to the welding width requirements of different weld layers in the multi-layer welding process and reduce the dependence of the welding trajectory on manual operation experience. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a welding frame and welding device. This invention enables the welding trajectory to be adapted to different weld layers, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of weld filling and welding stability, and reducing the dependence of welding operations on human experience.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a welding frame, comprising: Frame; A layered movable component is movably disposed on the frame along the extension direction of the seam to be welded; A welding assembly is connected to the layered moving assembly, and the welding assembly is provided with a welding part corresponding to the seam to be welded. The layered moving component has at least two layered moving trajectories, and the at least two layered moving trajectories correspond to different width regions of the seam to be welded.

[0007] Preferably, the layered movement component includes: A basic moving component is movably disposed on the frame along the extension direction of the seam to be welded, and the welding component is movably disposed on the basic moving component; The path layering component is connected to the basic moving component in a driving manner. When the basic moving component moves along the extension direction of the seam to be welded, it drives the path layering component to move along the width direction of the seam to be welded. The welding assembly and the path layering assembly can be selectively connected or disconnected to form different layered movement trajectories.

[0008] Preferably, at least two of the layered movement trajectories include a first weld layer movement trajectory and a second weld layer movement trajectory; When the welding assembly is disconnected from the path layering assembly, the welding assembly moves along the extension direction of the seam to be welded with the base moving assembly, forming the first weld layer moving trajectory; When the welding assembly is connected to the path layering assembly, the welding assembly moves along the extension direction of the weld seam with the base moving assembly and moves along the width direction of the weld seam with the path layering assembly, forming the second weld layer movement trajectory.

[0009] Preferably, the basic mobility component includes: A linear guide is provided on the frame along the extension direction of the seam to be welded; The sliding member slides in conjunction with the linear guide portion.

[0010] Preferably, the welding assembly includes a welding slide, the welding part is connected to the welding slide, and the welding slide is slidably connected to the sliding member along the width direction of the seam to be welded; When the path layering component is connected to the welding slide, the path layering component drives the welding slide to slide along the width direction of the weld seam.

[0011] Preferably, the path hierarchical component includes: A wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail is provided on the frame along the extension direction of the seam to be welded; The transmission rod has a first end and a second end. The first end is slidably engaged with the wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail, and the second end is detachably connected to the welded slide block. The portion of the transmission rod located between the first end and the second end is rotatably connected to the sliding member.

[0012] Preferably, the path layering component further includes an amplitude adjustment connection, and the second end of the transmission rod has at least two transmission positions spaced apart along its extension direction. The distance between the different transmission positions and the rotation center of the transmission rod is different, and the amplitude adjustment connection can be selectively connected between any of the transmission positions and the welding slide.

[0013] Preferably, the amplitude modulation connection includes: Multiple amplitude adjustment holes are spaced apart at the second end of the transmission rod along the extension direction of the transmission rod; A sliding groove is provided on the welding slide and extends along the extension direction of the seam to be welded; The transmission pin is detachably inserted through any of the amplitude adjustment holes and slidably disposed within the sliding groove.

[0014] Preferably, the layered moving assembly further includes a locking assembly, which is disposed between the slider and the welding slide and has a locked state and a released state; When the welding slide is disconnected from the path layering assembly, the locking assembly is in the locked state and restricts the welding slide from sliding relative to the sliding member along the width direction of the weld seam. When the welding slide is connected to the path layering component, the locking component is in the released state and the restriction on the welding slide is lifted.

[0015] The present invention also provides a welding apparatus, comprising: Frame; A fixing part is provided on the side of the frame close to the workpiece to be welded, and the fixing part is detachably connected to the surface of the workpiece to be welded; A layered moving component is movably disposed on the frame along the extension direction of the weld seam of the workpiece to be welded; A welding assembly is connected to the layered moving assembly, and the welding assembly is provided with a welding part corresponding to the seam to be welded. The layered moving component has at least two layered moving trajectories, and the at least two layered moving trajectories correspond to different width regions of the seam to be welded.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: First, the layered moving component enables the welding part to form a layered moving trajectory corresponding to different width areas of the weld seam, so that the moving range of the welding part can adapt to the different width requirements of the root pass, fill pass and cover pass, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of weld filling.

[0017] Secondly, the welding components and path layering components can be selectively connected or disconnected, and the reciprocating movement amplitude in the width direction can be changed through the amplitude adjustment connection part, thereby realizing linear welding, reciprocating bar welding and swing adjustment on the same welding frame, reducing the dependence of welding trajectory on manual operation experience.

[0018] Furthermore, the frame can be detachably fixed to the surface of the workpiece to be welded, which facilitates the installation, disassembly and segmented transfer of the welding frame on the vertical surface, and helps to extend the distance of a single continuous welding, reduce welding joint positions and reduce operator fatigue. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the welding device according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the layered moving component and the welding component in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the locking component in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a working state in which the path layering component drives the welding slide to move along the width direction of the seam to be welded, according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another working state in which the path layering component drives the welding slide to move along the width direction of the seam to be welded, according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmission pin when it is engaged with different amplitude adjustment holes in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of the structure of a welding frame fixed to the workpiece to be welded according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Component labeling: 100, frame; 200, layered moving assembly; 210, basic moving assembly; 211, linear guide; 212, sliding component; 213, slide guide seat; 214, push handle; 215, transmission rod support frame; 220, path layering assembly; 221, wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail; 222, transmission rod; 223, swing shaft; 224, track mating wheel; 230, amplitude adjustment connection; 231, amplitude adjustment hole; 232. Sliding groove; 233. Transmission pin; 240. Locking assembly; 241. Locking seat; 242. Locking element; 243. Locking mating hole; 300. Welding assembly; 310. Welding slide; 321. Welding robotic arm; 322. Welding clamp; 323. Welding rod; 400. Electromagnet; 500. Welding machine; 510. Cable; 520. Cable collection track; 600. Part to be welded; 610. Seam to be welded; 611. Bevel. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-7 It should be noted that the illustrations provided in this embodiment are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the welding frame can be used for on-site splicing and welding of hydraulic steel gates, large steel structural components, or other components 600 to be welded. The following explanation uses the vertical splicing and welding of a hydraulic steel gate as an example. A weld joint 610 is formed between adjacent components 600, and a bevel 611 can be formed in the weld joint 610. The direction parallel to the centerline of the weld joint 610 is referred to as the extension direction of the weld joint 610, and the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the weld joint 610 is referred to as the width direction of the weld joint 610.

[0025] like Figure 7 As shown, the bevel 611 can be a V-shaped bevel, a U-shaped bevel, or other bevels with a width variation along the depth direction. Figure 7Taking the bevel 611 as an example, the width of the deep part of the bevel 611 is relatively small, while the width near the opening of the bevel 611 is larger. When performing layered welding on the bevel 611, the welding position gradually changes from the depth of the bevel 611 towards the opening, with different welding depths corresponding to different width areas. If the same movement trajectory is used for different width areas, the welding range in narrower areas may be too large, or the filling range in wider areas may be insufficient. The welding frame adapts the movement range of the welding part to the width area corresponding to the current welding depth by allowing the welding assembly 300 to select different layered movement trajectories.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the welding frame includes a frame body 100, a layered moving assembly 200, and a welding assembly 300. The frame body 100 can be constructed from connecting profiles extending along the direction of the weld seam 610, forming a rectangular frame structure. The frame body 100 can be made of alloy profiles.

[0027] In this embodiment, the length of the frame 100 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 can be approximately 2m to form a single welding section of corresponding length. The length of the frame 100 can also be set according to the size of the workpiece 600 to be welded, the length of a single continuous weld, and the on-site installation space. The layered moving assembly 200 is movably disposed on the frame 100 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610. The welding assembly 300 is connected to the layered moving assembly 200 and has a welding part corresponding to the weld seam 610. The layered moving assembly 200 has at least two layered moving trajectories, and different layered moving trajectories correspond to different width areas of the weld seam 610.

[0028] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, at least two layered movement trajectories include a first weld layer movement trajectory and a second weld layer movement trajectory. The first weld layer movement trajectory extends along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 and is suitable for welding areas with a smaller width within the groove 611. The second weld layer movement trajectory is formed by the superposition of movement along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 and reciprocating movement along the width direction of the weld seam 610, and is suitable for welding areas with a larger width within the groove 611. The movement amplitude of the second weld layer movement trajectory along the width direction can also be adjusted to correspond to multiple areas of different widths.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the layered moving assembly 200 includes a base moving assembly 210 and a path layering assembly 220. The base moving assembly 210 is movably disposed on the frame 100 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, and the welding assembly 300 is movably disposed on the base moving assembly 210 along the width direction of the weld seam 610. The path layering assembly 220 is drivenly connected to the base moving assembly 210. When the base moving assembly 210 moves along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, the path layering assembly 220 can generate a displacement output along the width direction of the weld seam 610. The welding assembly 300 and the path layering assembly 220 can be selectively drivenly connected or disconnected to form a first weld layer movement trajectory and a second weld layer movement trajectory, respectively.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the basic moving assembly 210 includes a linear guide 211 and a slider 212. The linear guide 211 is fixed to the frame 100 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, and its effective guide length is adapted to the single welding section corresponding to the frame 100.

[0031] In the illustrated embodiment, the linear guide 211 adopts a linear guide rail arranged along the extension direction of the weld 610. The linear guide rail can be made of stainless steel or other metal materials with corresponding strength and wear resistance, and can be fixed to the frame 100 by fasteners or welding.

[0032] The sliding member 212 is generally plate-shaped or seat-shaped, and forms a guide structure that slides in conjunction with the linear guide rail. The linear guide rail supports and guides the sliding member 212, allowing it to slide relative to the frame 100 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, and restricting the sliding member 212 from significant offset relative to the frame 100 in other directions.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the linear guide 211 and the slider 212 together limit the linear movement of the slider 212 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610.

[0034] In another embodiment, the linear guide 211 may include a guide rod fixed to the frame 100 and a sliding sleeve connected to the slider 212, with the guide rod slidably passing through the sliding sleeve. The linear guide 211 may also employ a structure in which a guide groove and a slider cooperate. The cooperation between the linear guide and the slider, the cooperation between the guide rod and the sliding sleeve, and the cooperation between the guide groove and the slider are all based on the frame 100 as a fixed reference, limiting the linear movement of the slider 212 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610. These can be selected according to the load-bearing requirements of the frame 100 and the installation space.

[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the sliding member 212 is fixed with a slide guide seat 213. The slide guide seat 213 may include strip guide plates located on opposite sides of the welding slide 310, and the oppositely arranged strip guide plates together form a guide channel extending along the width direction of the weld seam 610. The welding slide 310 is slidably disposed in the guide channel and can slide relative to the sliding member 212 along the width direction of the weld seam 610.

[0036] The slide guide seat 213 allows the welding slide 310 to reciprocate along the width direction and restricts unintended movement of the welding slide 310 relative to the sliding member 212 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610. The slide guide seat 213 can be integrally formed with the sliding member 212, or it can be fixed to the sliding member 212 by fasteners or welding. In another embodiment, the slide guide seat 213 can adopt a structure of guide rail and slider or guide rod and guide hole, as long as it can limit the sliding of the welding slide 310 relative to the sliding member 212 along the width direction of the weld seam 610.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the slider 212 is also provided with a push handle 214. The push handle 214 is a rod-shaped handle extending along the width direction of the weld seam 610, with both ends fixed to the slider 212. The operator can move the slider 212 along the linear guide portion 211 by gripping the push handle 214 and applying force along the extension direction of the weld seam 610. The push handle 214 can also be a grip, pull ring, or other operating structure fixed to the slider 212 that facilitates the application of pushing and pulling forces.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the welding assembly 300 includes a welding slide 310 and a welding portion connected to the welding slide 310. In the illustrated embodiment, the welding slide 310 is generally a long strip-shaped structure extending along the width direction of the weld seam 610, and slides in cooperation with the slide guide seat 213.

[0039] The welding unit may include a welding robotic arm 321, a welding clamp 322, and a welding rod 323. The welding robotic arm 321 may be in the form of a bent rod or a bent arm, with one end connected to the welding slide 310 and the other end extending towards the weld seam 610. The welding clamp 322 is connected to the end of the welding robotic arm 321 away from the welding slide 310. The welding rod 323 is detachably clamped in the welding clamp 322 and can form an electric arc with the workpiece 600 after energization to weld the weld seam 610. The welding rod 323 can move synchronously with the welding slide 310.

[0040] like Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, the welding robotic arm 321 and the welding slide 310, as well as the welding clamp 322 and the welding robotic arm 321, can be connected using clamping seats, rotating shafts, and fastening bolts commonly used in existing welding equipment. Loosening the corresponding fastening bolts allows adjustment of the direction and angle of the welding robotic arm 321 or the welding clamp 322. After adjusting until the welding end of the welding rod 323 corresponds to the current welding position, tighten the corresponding fastening bolts to hold the welding robotic arm 321 and the welding clamp 322 in the adjusted position. The above-mentioned posture adjustment and fastening structure can adopt a conventional mechanical connection structure. The attached diagram only illustrates the installation position of the welding robotic arm 321 and the welding clamp 322, without detailing their internal threads, rotating shafts, and clamping structures.

[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the welding clamp 322 can adopt a conventional clamping structure that can clamp the welding rod 323 and conduct electricity to the welding rod 323. The attached figure shows a simplified representation of the internal clamping structure of the welding clamp 322. Based on the depth of the current welding position within the bevel 611, a welding rod 323 of appropriate specification can be selected. During clamping, the extension amount of the welding rod 323 relative to the welding clamp 322 is determined so that the welding end of the welding rod 323 reaches the current welding position within the bevel 611.

[0042] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the welding unit is connected to the welding slide 310 via a welding robotic arm 321 and moves with the welding slide 310. In another embodiment, the welding unit can be a welding torch mounted on the welding robotic arm 321, with the welding end of the torch facing the seam to be welded 610 and moving synchronously with the welding slide 310. The combination of welding clamp and welding rod, as well as the welding torch, are both connected to the welding slide 310 via the welding robotic arm 321 and perform welding on the seam to be welded 610 as they move with the welding slide 310. Either can be selected based on the welding process used.

[0043] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the path layering component 220 includes a wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail 221 and a transmission rod 222. The wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail 221 is fixed to the frame 100 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 and is spaced apart from the linear guide section 211. The wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail 221 can be made of stainless steel or other metal materials with corresponding strength and wear resistance, and can be fixed to the frame 100 by fasteners or welding.

[0044] The illustrated reciprocating guide track 221 includes two wave-shaped guide edges that are continuously undulating and oppositely arranged along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, forming a wave-shaped guide channel between the two wave-shaped guide edges. The wave-shaped guide channel is composed of multiple wave-shaped units connected in sequence. The amplitude of each wave-shaped unit in the width direction of the weld seam 610 can be the same, and the pitch of adjacent wave-shaped units along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 can also be the same, so that the track mating wheel 224 reciprocates with a relatively stable amplitude and frequency when the sliding member 212 moves at a basically uniform speed. The wave-shaped guide edges can form a continuous arc shape or other periodic undulating shape that enables the transmission rod 222 to oscillate back and forth.

[0045] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the transmission rod 222 is generally elongated and has a first end and a second end. The first end of the transmission rod 222 is slidably engaged with the wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail 221, and the second end of the transmission rod 222 extends toward the welding slide 310 and is detachably connected to the welding slide 310. The portion of the transmission rod 222 located between the first end and the second end is rotatably connected to the sliding member 212 via a swing shaft 223.

[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the sliding member 212 is fixed with a transmission rod support frame 215. The transmission rod support frame 215 can be a long rod-shaped or plate-shaped component extending from the sliding member 212 toward the wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail 221, with one end fixed to the sliding member 212 and the other end extending to the middle of the transmission rod 222. The swing shaft 223 is a cylindrical pin and passes through the middle of the transmission rod support frame 215 and the transmission rod 222, allowing the transmission rod 222 to swing back and forth relative to the sliding member 212 around the swing shaft 223.

[0047] The axis of the swing shaft 223 can be perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece 600 to be welded. The end of the swing shaft 223 can be provided with a shoulder, retaining ring, nut or cotter pin to restrict the swing shaft 223 from detaching axially.

[0048] The swing shaft 223 can be fixed to the transmission rod support frame 215 and rotated in conjunction with the shaft hole on the transmission rod 222, or it can be fixed to the transmission rod 222 and rotated in conjunction with the support hole on the transmission rod support frame 215. In both structures, the axis of the swing shaft 223 is used as the rotation center of the transmission rod 222.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a track-fitting wheel 224 is provided at the first end of the transmission rod 222. The track-fitting wheel 224 is rotatably supported on the transmission rod 222 via a wheel axle and is accommodated in the waveform guide channel formed by the waveform reciprocating guide track 221. The track-fitting wheel 224 can roll along the waveform guide channel, so that when the first end of the transmission rod 222 moves along the extension direction of the weld 610 with the sliding member 212, it simultaneously reciprocates along the width direction of the weld 610 according to the contour of the waveform guide channel. The waveform guide channel constrains the track-fitting wheel 224 from opposite sides, which helps to prevent the track-fitting wheel 224 from deviating from the predetermined waveform trajectory.

[0050] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first end of the transmission rod 222 is constrained by the waveform reciprocating guide rail 221 and moves along a predetermined trajectory. The track-fitting wheel 224 can roll along the waveform guide channel. In another embodiment, the first end of the transmission rod 222 can be provided with a sliding pin or a slider, which is directly slidably disposed in the waveform guide groove formed by the waveform reciprocating guide rail 221. Both rolling fit and direct sliding fit can enable the first end of the transmission rod 222 to move along the trajectory defined by the waveform reciprocating guide rail 221, and convert the input motion along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 into the reciprocating oscillation of the transmission rod 222 around the oscillating shaft 223.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the path layering assembly 220 also includes an amplitude adjustment connector 230. The second end of the transmission rod 222 has at least two transmission positions spaced apart along the extension direction of the transmission rod 222, and the distance between the different transmission positions and the swing shaft 223 is different. The amplitude adjustment connector 230 can be selectively connected between any transmission position and the welding slide 310 to transmit the swing of the transmission rod 222 to the welding slide 310.

[0052] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the amplitude adjustment connection 230 includes multiple amplitude adjustment holes 231, a sliding groove 232, and a transmission pin 233. The multiple amplitude adjustment holes 231 are circular through holes penetrating the transmission rod 222 along its thickness direction, and are spaced apart at the second end of the transmission rod 222 along its extension direction, each amplitude adjustment hole 231 forming a transmission position. The welding slide 310 forms a connecting plate at one end near the transmission rod 222. The sliding groove 232 can be a groove disposed on the connecting plate and penetrating the connecting plate along its thickness direction. The sliding groove 232 can extend along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, and its two ends are closed, forming arc-shaped groove ends. The second end of the transmission rod 222 at least partially overlaps the connecting plate in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the workpiece 600 to be welded.

[0053] In one embodiment, the transmission pin 233 can be a cylindrical pin, which can be detachably passed through any of the amplitude adjustment holes 231 and extended into the sliding groove 232, so that the transmission pin 233 can slide relative to the sliding groove 232 along the groove length direction.

[0054] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the sliding member 212 moves along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, the swing shaft 223 and the transmission rod 222 move synchronously with the sliding member 212. The track mating wheel 224 is constrained by the wave-shaped reciprocating guide track 221 and rolls along the wave-shaped guide channel. The reciprocating offset generated by the track mating wheel 224 along the width direction of the weld seam 610 causes the transmission rod 222 to reciprocate around the swing shaft 223. When the transmission rod 222 swings, the transmission pin 233 generates displacement components along the extension direction and width direction of the weld seam 610 relative to the swing shaft 223. The transmission pin 233 can slide along the sliding groove 232. The sliding groove 232 absorbs the relative displacement of the transmission pin 233 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, and the groove wall of the sliding groove 232 bears the force of the transmission pin 233 along the width direction of the weld seam 610, causing the welding slide 310 to reciprocate relative to the sliding member 212 along the width direction of the weld seam 610.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, when the transmission pin 233 is installed in different adjustment holes 231, the distance between the transmission pin 233 and the swing shaft 223 changes. With the transmission rod 222 swinging at the same angle, the greater the distance between the transmission pin 233 and the swing shaft 223, the greater the displacement of the transmission pin 233 along the width direction of the weld seam 610, and the correspondingly greater the reciprocating movement amplitude of the welding slide 310. Conversely, the smaller the distance between the transmission pin 233 and the swing shaft 223, the correspondingly smaller the reciprocating movement amplitude of the welding slide 310.

[0056] Furthermore, the amplitude of the wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail 221, the distance between the track mating wheel 224 and the oscillating shaft 223, and the distance between the selected amplitude adjustment hole 231 and the oscillating shaft 223 jointly determine the actual reciprocating movement amplitude of the welding slide 310 along the width direction of the weld seam 610. The pitch of the wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail 221 and the moving speed of the sliding member 212 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 jointly affect the number of reciprocations per unit time. Therefore, the corresponding amplitude adjustment hole 231 can be selected according to the width of the bevel 611 corresponding to the current welding depth, and the moving speed of the sliding member 212 can be controlled according to the welding process.

[0057] like Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, the diameter of the amplitude adjustment hole 231 is larger than the pin diameter of the transmission pin 233, allowing the transmission pin 233 to be inserted into and removed from the amplitude adjustment hole 231. The width of the sliding groove 232 is larger than the pin diameter of the transmission pin 233, allowing the transmission pin 233 to slide along the sliding groove 232. At the same time, the sliding groove 232 limits the transmission pin 233 in the width direction of the weld seam 610. The length of the sliding groove 232 is not less than the maximum relative displacement of the transmission pin 233 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 during the complete swing of the transmission rod 222, so as to prevent the transmission pin 233 from abutting against the end of the sliding groove 232 within the normal swing range.

[0058] Furthermore, the transmission pin 233 can be a pluggable pin, and can be equipped with a limiting head, cotter pin, elastic clip, or threaded fastener to prevent the transmission pin 233 from disengaging from the adjustment hole 231 and the sliding groove 232 along its own axis during operation. In another embodiment, the transmission pin 233 can be a bolt-type connecting pin, which can disconnect the transmission connection between the transmission rod 222 and the welded slide 310 after the nut is removed.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, the layered moving assembly 200 may further include a locking assembly 240. The locking assembly 240 is disposed between the slider 212 and the welding slide 310, and has a locked state and a released state. When the locking assembly 240 is in the locked state, the locking assembly 240 restricts the welding slide 310 from sliding relative to the slider 212 along the width direction of the weld seam 610; when the locking assembly 240 is in the released state, the locking assembly 240 releases the restriction on the welding slide 310.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the locking assembly 240 includes a locking seat 241, a locking member 242, and a locking engagement hole 243. The locking seat 241 is generally block-shaped or plate-shaped and is fixed to the sliding member 212 and located on one side of the welding slide 310. The locking seat 241 forms a threaded hole extending toward the welding slide 310. The locking member 242 can specifically be a threaded locking rod, which is threadedly engaged with the threaded hole of the locking seat 241. The end of the threaded locking rod away from the welding slide 310 is provided with an operating head for the operator to rotate. The locking engagement hole 243 is a circular hole provided on the side of the welding slide 310 facing the locking seat 241 and corresponds to the moving direction of the threaded locking rod. The locking engagement hole 243 is located at a position corresponding to a preset reference position of the welding slide 310. When the welding slide 310 moves to the preset reference position, the locking engagement hole 243 can be aligned with the locking member 242. The diameter of the locking hole 243 is adapted to the insertion end of the locking member 242, so that the locking member 242 can be inserted into the locking hole 243 and restrict the welding slide 310 from moving along the width direction of the weld seam 610.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, when the locking member 242 is rotated in the first rotation direction, the locking member 242 moves relative to the locking seat 241 toward the welding slide 310 and inserts into the locking mating hole 243, so that the welding slide 310 and the sliding member 212 are locked relative to each other in the width direction of the weld seam 610. When the locking member 242 is rotated in the opposite rotation direction, the locking member 242 disengages from the locking mating hole 243, so that the welding slide 310 can slide relative to the sliding member 212 along the slide guide seat 213.

[0062] The locking seat 241 can be integrally formed with the slider 212, or it can be fixed to the slider 212 by fasteners.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, the locking assembly 240 switches its working state by establishing or releasing a mechanical constraint between the slider 212 and the welding slide 310. In another embodiment, the locking assembly 240 may employ a resilient pin structure. The resilient pin is slidably disposed on the locking seat 241, and an elastic element is disposed between the resilient pin and the locking seat 241. The elastic element applies a force to the resilient pin, causing it to move toward the locking engagement hole 243, allowing the resilient pin to enter the locking engagement hole 243 and remain locked. When the resilient pin is pulled away from the welding slide 310, the resilient pin exits the locking engagement hole 243 and switches to the released state.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the locking component 240 is disposed between the sliding member 212 and the welding slide 310. In another embodiment, the locking component 240 may employ a friction clamping structure. The locking member 242 is threadedly connected to the locking seat 241, and the end of the locking member 242 facing the welding slide 310 forms a clamping end. When the locking member 242 is tightened, the clamping end presses against the side of the welding slide 310, and the friction between the contact surfaces restricts the sliding of the welding slide 310 relative to the sliding member 212; when the locking member 242 is loosened, the clamping end releases the pressure on the welding slide 310, allowing the welding slide 310 to regain the freedom to move along the width direction of the weld seam 610. When a friction clamping structure is used, the locking mating hole 243 may not be provided.

[0065] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when the welding slide 310 is disconnected from the path layering assembly 220, the welding slide 310 no longer receives displacement output from the transmission rod 222 along the width direction of the weld seam 610. The sliding member 212 moves along the linear guide 211, and the welding slide 310 moves along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 with the sliding member 212, thereby forming the first weld layer movement trajectory.

[0066] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, before forming the first weld layer movement trajectory, the transmission pin 233 is removed from the amplitude adjustment hole 231 and the sliding groove 232, disconnecting the second end of the transmission rod 222 from the welding slide 310. Then, the welding slide 310 is moved along the width direction of the weld seam 610, aligning the locking engagement hole 243 with the locking member 242. The locking member 242 is then inserted into the locking engagement hole 243, switching the locking assembly 240 to the locked state. At this time, even if the first end of the transmission rod 222 continues to move along the wave-shaped reciprocating guide track 221 and the transmission rod 222 swings around the swing axis 223, the swing of the transmission rod 222 will not be transmitted to the welding slide 310. The welding slide 310 only moves with the sliding member 212 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, and the welded portion forms a first weld layer movement trajectory that extends approximately along the extension direction of the weld seam 610. The locking component 240 further restricts the movement of the welding slide 310 along the width of the weld seam 610, which helps to maintain the positional stability of the first weld layer's movement trajectory.

[0067] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, when the welding slide 310 is connected to the path layering component 220, the locking member 242 is first disengaged from the locking engagement hole 243, the locking component 240 is switched to the released state, and then an adjustment hole 231 is selected according to the width of the current area to be welded. The transmission pin 233 is then passed through the selected adjustment hole 231 and extended into the sliding groove 232. The second end of the transmission rod 222 is thus connected to the welding slide 310.

[0068] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when the operator pushes or pulls the slider 212 along the linear guide 211 by pushing the handle 214, the welding slide 310 moves along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 with the slider 212. Simultaneously, the track-fitting wheel 224 rolls along the wave-shaped reciprocating guide track 221, causing the transmission rod 222 to reciprocate around the swing axis 223. The transmission pin 233 engages with the sliding groove 232, causing the welding slide 310 to slide reciprocally along the width direction of the weld seam 610. The welding section thus forms a second weld layer movement trajectory that advances along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 and reciprocates along the width direction of the weld seam 610. When the slider 212 moves in the opposite direction, the track-fitting wheel 224 rolls in the opposite direction along the wave-shaped reciprocating guide track 221, and the welding slide 310 completes the reciprocating movement in the width direction in the reverse order.

[0069] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, when performing multi-layer welding on bevel 611, a root pass weld can be performed first on the deep part of bevel 611, followed by fill passes welded layer by layer along the depth direction of bevel 611, and finally a cap pass welded near the opening of bevel 611. When the width area corresponding to the root pass weld is narrow, the first weld layer movement trajectory can be used. When the width area corresponding to the fill passes weld and cap pass weld is wide, the second weld layer movement trajectory can be used.

[0070] Furthermore, for multiple areas of different widths in filler and cap welds, the movement amplitude of the second weld layer along the width direction of the weld seam 610 can be changed by selecting different amplitude adjustment holes 231. Thus, the layered movement assembly 200 can form a layered movement trajectory adapted to the width areas corresponding to different welding depths by disconnecting or establishing the transmission connection and selecting different transmission positions, without replacing the frame 100 and the linear guide 211.

[0071] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the welding apparatus includes a frame 100, a fixing part, a layered moving assembly 200, and a welding assembly 300. The fixing part is located on the side of the frame 100 near the workpiece 600 to be welded and is detachably connected to the surface of the workpiece 600. The fixing part holds the frame 100 on the surface of the workpiece 600 to be welded, allowing the linear guide 211 and the wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail 221 to correspond with the weld seam 610. After the fixing part is disconnected, the frame 100 can be detached from the workpiece 600 to be welded or moved to the next welding section of the weld seam 610.

[0072] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the fixing part may include electromagnets 400, and two electromagnets 400 may be respectively disposed at both ends or near both ends of the frame 100 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610. The electromagnets 400 are fixed to the side of the frame 100 facing the workpiece 600 to be welded, with their adsorption surfaces facing the workpiece 600. The electromagnets 400 can be fixed to the frame 100 by fasteners or mounting brackets and are electrically connected to a controllable power supply circuit. The controllable power supply circuit may be equipped with an operating switch for controlling the energization and de-energization of the electromagnets 400, so that the fixing part switches between an adsorption state and a release state. In other embodiments, three or more electromagnets 400 may be arranged at intervals along the frame 100 according to the length of the frame 100 and the load-bearing requirements.

[0073] like Figure 7 As shown, when the workpiece 600 to be welded is made of steel that can be magnetically attracted, energizing the electromagnet 400 generates a magnetic attraction force between the electromagnet 400 and the workpiece 600, fixing the frame 100 to the vertical surface of the workpiece 600. The total attraction force of the multiple electromagnets 400 can be selected based on the total weight of the frame 100, the layered moving assembly 200, and the welding assembly 300, as well as the pushing force generated during operation, so that the frame 100 remains on the surface of the workpiece 600 during welding. When the electromagnets 400 are de-energized, the electromagnetic attraction decreases or disappears, and the frame 100 can be removed from the workpiece 600.

[0074] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the welding apparatus may further include a welding machine 500, a cable 510, and a cable collection rail 520. The welding machine 500 has a power input terminal and a welding output terminal, the power input terminal being used to connect to an external power source. The cable 510 may include a welding output cable and a return cable. One welding output terminal of the welding machine 500 is electrically connected to the welding clamp 322 via the welding output cable, and the other welding output terminal is electrically connected to the workpiece 600 to be welded via the return cable, so that the welding machine 500, the welding clamp 322, the welding rod 323, the workpiece 600 to be welded, and the return cable form a welding current loop.

[0075] Furthermore, the controllable power supply circuit of the electromagnet 400 can be set separately from the welding output circuit of the welding machine 500 so as to control the adsorption state and welding state of the frame 100 respectively.

[0076] Furthermore, the cable collection track 520 can be installed on the frame 100 along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, and at least a portion of the cable 510 is supported or guided by the cable collection track 520. When the welding assembly 300 moves along the weld seam 610, the cable 510 can unfold or retract with the welding assembly 300. The cable collection track 520 helps to reduce the possibility of the cable 510 entering the welding movement area or becoming entangled with the layered movement assembly 200. The cable collection track 520 can be a guide track or other guiding collection structures arranged along the frame 100, as long as it can support and guide the cable 510, which will not be elaborated here.

[0077] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, when using the welding device, first, the frame 100 is placed against the workpiece 600 to be welded, with the linear guide 211 and the wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail 221 arranged along the extension direction of the weld seam 610, and the welding assembly 300 aligned with the bevel 611. Then, the electromagnet 400 is energized to attract and fix the frame 100 to the workpiece 600. The welding electrode 323 is selected and clamped according to the depth of the current welding position within the bevel 611. The direction and angle of the welding robotic arm 321 and the welding clamp 322 are adjusted using conventional clamping and fastening structures to bring the welding end of the welding electrode 323 to the current welding position. The welding robotic arm 321 and the welding clamp 322 are then fixed in the adjusted position. After positioning the welding electrode 323, the first weld layer movement trajectory or the second weld layer movement trajectory is selected according to the width of the bevel 611 corresponding to the current welding depth.

[0078] like Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 7As shown, when performing root pass welding on a narrower area deep within the bevel 611, the transmission pin 233 is removed, disconnecting the transmission rod 222 from the welding slide 310. The welding slide 310 is then moved to the reference position corresponding to the center of the weld seam 610 or the current predetermined welding position, and locked using the locking assembly 240. After starting the welding machine 500, the operator, based on the welding current, the specifications of the welding rod 323, and the current weld layer thickness, moves the sliding component 212 along the weld seam 610 at a relatively uniform speed by pushing the handle 214, allowing the welding rod 323 to complete the welding of the narrower area along the first weld layer's movement trajectory.

[0079] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, after the root pass is completed, as the welding position moves toward the opening of the groove 611, the width of the groove 611 corresponding to the current welding position gradually increases.

[0080] When completing the current weld layer and switching to the next weld layer, welding can be stopped. The extension of the welding rod 323 can be adjusted according to the position of the next weld layer to ensure that the welding end of the welding rod 323 corresponds to the next weld layer. When performing filler or capping welds, the locking component 240 is switched to the released state. The corresponding amplitude adjustment hole 231 is selected according to the width of the current weld layer, and the transmission rod 222 is connected to the welding slide 310 via the transmission pin 233. The operator then moves the sliding component 212 along the weld seam 610 at a basically uniform speed by pushing the handle 214, so that the welding rod 323 completes the welding of the current area along the movement trajectory of the second weld layer. For subsequent filler or capping weld layers with continuously changing widths, the amplitude adjustment hole 231 can be reselected to change the reciprocating movement amplitude of the welding rod 323 along the width direction of the weld seam 610.

[0081] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, after completing the layered welding of a section of the weld seam 610 within the coverage area of ​​the frame 100, the welding current is first turned off, then the electromagnet 400 is de-energized. The frame 100 is then moved to the next welding section of the weld seam 610, and the electromagnet 400 is energized again to fix the frame 100. The operation then continues according to the above-described electrode positioning, trajectory selection, amplitude adjustment, and welding process until the welding of the weld seam 610 is completed. The weld seam 610 within the coverage area of ​​the frame 100 can be welded continuously, reducing the number of welding joints formed by repeated arc starting and ending within the same welding section, and reducing operator fatigue caused by maintaining the welding clamp 322 posture for extended periods.

[0082] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, in this embodiment, the layered moving assembly 200 provides basic movement along the extension direction of the weld seam 610 via the basic moving assembly 210, selectively transmits reciprocating movement along the width direction of the weld seam 610 to the welding slide 310 via the path layering assembly 220, and changes the amplitude of the reciprocating movement via the amplitude adjustment connection 230, enabling the welding part to form layered moving trajectories corresponding to different width regions. The locking assembly 240 restricts the movement of the welding slide 310 along the width direction of the weld seam 610 when the transmission connection is disconnected, which helps to maintain the moving trajectory of the first weld layer; the fixing part detachably fixes the frame 100 to the workpiece 600 to be welded, so that the welding frame can perform welding on the vertical surface of the workpiece 600 and move to a different position after completing the corresponding section.

[0083] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A welding frame, characterized in that, include: Frame; A layered movable component is movably disposed on the frame along the extension direction of the seam to be welded; A welding assembly is connected to the layered moving assembly, and the welding assembly is provided with a welding part corresponding to the seam to be welded. The layered moving component has at least two layered moving trajectories, and the at least two layered moving trajectories correspond to different width regions of the seam to be welded.

2. The welding frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The layered movement component includes: A basic moving component is movably disposed on the frame along the extension direction of the seam to be welded, and the welding component is movably disposed on the basic moving component; The path layering component is connected to the basic moving component in a driving manner. When the basic moving component moves along the extension direction of the seam to be welded, it drives the path layering component to move along the width direction of the seam to be welded. The welding assembly and the path layering assembly can be selectively connected or disconnected to form different layered movement trajectories.

3. The welding frame according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least two of the aforementioned layered movement trajectories include a first weld layer movement trajectory and a second weld layer movement trajectory; When the welding assembly is disconnected from the path layering assembly, the welding assembly moves along the extension direction of the seam to be welded with the base moving assembly, forming the first weld layer moving trajectory; When the welding assembly is connected to the path layering assembly, the welding assembly moves along the extension direction of the weld seam with the base moving assembly and moves along the width direction of the weld seam with the path layering assembly, forming the second weld layer movement trajectory.

4. The welding frame according to claim 3, characterized in that, The basic mobility component includes: A linear guide is provided on the frame along the extension direction of the seam to be welded; The sliding member slides in conjunction with the linear guide portion.

5. The welding frame according to claim 4, characterized in that, The welding assembly includes a welding slide, the welding part is connected to the welding slide, and the welding slide is slidably connected to the sliding member along the width direction of the seam to be welded; When the path layering component is connected to the welding slide, the path layering component drives the welding slide to slide along the width direction of the weld seam.

6. The welding frame according to claim 5, characterized in that, The path hierarchical component includes: A wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail is provided on the frame along the extension direction of the seam to be welded; The transmission rod has a first end and a second end. The first end is slidably engaged with the wave-shaped reciprocating guide rail, and the second end is detachably connected to the welded slide block. The portion of the transmission rod located between the first end and the second end is rotatably connected to the sliding member.

7. The welding frame according to claim 6, characterized in that, The path layering component further includes an amplitude adjustment connection part, and the second end of the transmission rod has at least two transmission positions spaced apart along its extension direction. The distance between the different transmission positions and the rotation center of the transmission rod is different, and the amplitude adjustment connection part can be selectively connected between any of the transmission positions and the welding slide.

8. The welding frame according to claim 7, characterized in that, The amplitude modulation connection includes: Multiple amplitude adjustment holes are spaced apart at the second end of the transmission rod along the extension direction of the transmission rod; A sliding groove is provided on the welding slide and extends along the extension direction of the seam to be welded; The transmission pin is detachably inserted through any of the amplitude adjustment holes and slidably disposed within the sliding groove.

9. The welding frame according to claim 8, characterized in that, The layered moving component further includes a locking component, which is disposed between the slider and the welding slide and has a locked state and a released state. When the welding slide is disconnected from the path layering assembly, the locking assembly is in the locked state and restricts the welding slide from sliding relative to the sliding member along the width direction of the weld seam. When the welding slide is connected to the path layering component, the locking component is in the released state and the restriction on the welding slide is lifted.

10. A welding apparatus, characterized in that, include: Frame; A fixing part is provided on the side of the frame body near the part to be welded, and the fixing part is detachably connected to the surface of the part to be welded; A layered moving component is movably disposed on the frame along the extension direction of the weld seam of the workpiece to be welded; A welding assembly is connected to the layered moving assembly, and the welding assembly is provided with a welding part corresponding to the seam to be welded. The layered moving component has at least two layered moving trajectories, and the at least two layered moving trajectories correspond to different width regions of the seam to be welded.

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