A workpiece in-situ laser shock peening device and method based on a five-axis machine tool

Abstract

The application discloses a workpiece in-situ laser shock peening device and method based on a five-axis machine tool, which comprises a five-axis numerical control machine tool, wherein the five-axis numerical control machine tool comprises a five-axis work platform, a numerical control system, a machining tool and a laser peening impact assembly; the laser peening impact assembly comprises a constraint layer and an absorption layer sprayer and a laser; the numerical control system is integrated with workpiece three-dimensional geometric information, a cutting machining path and a laser shock peening path, a cutting machining unit and a laser shock peening unit. On the five-axis numerical control machine tool integrated with the laser shock peening assembly, precise machining and impact peening are sequentially implemented on the workpiece in a unified machine after one-time clamping. Milling machining of the workpiece is first completed, then the machine tool is switched into a peening mode through switching operation, and the laser beam is controlled to perform in-situ impact peening on the machined surface according to a preset peening path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field, specifically relating to a workpiece in-situ laser shock peening device and method based on a five-axis machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Components such as aero-engine blades, precision molds, and complex medical device parts often have complex spatial curved surface structures. These parts not only have stringent requirements for geometric dimensions and form and position tolerances, but also are highly susceptible to fatigue cracking failure when operating under alternating load conditions. To improve the fatigue resistance and stress corrosion resistance of these parts, laser shock peening (LSP) surface modification treatment is usually required for critical stress areas. LSP relies on high-energy pulsed lasers to induce high-pressure shock waves on the material surface, introducing high-amplitude beneficial residual compressive stress into the metal surface. This significantly inhibits crack initiation and propagation, making it an important process for improving the fatigue life of complex curved surface components.

[0003] In current industrial production, precision machining of complex curved surface parts and laser shock peening are two independent processes. During machining, the blank workpiece is first clamped onto a five-axis CNC machine tool. Relying on the multi-degree-of-freedom motion capability of the five-axis machine tool, subtractive machining such as milling and drilling is completed to obtain the part shape that meets the accuracy requirements. Subsequently, the machined workpiece needs to be removed from the five-axis machine tool worktable and transferred to a separate dedicated laser shock peening device. After the workpiece is clamped, the reference is aligned, and the positioning is aligned again, the laser shock peening process can be carried out.

[0004] In the above-mentioned separate processing technology, the workpiece needs to be disassembled, transported and then clamped again before laser shock strengthening. This inevitably produces repeated positioning errors. For components such as blades with complex surfaces and high precision requirements for the strengthening area, the laser shock area will shift, and the strengthening position will deviate from the design target area, which will easily affect the surface strengthening quality of the parts.

[0005] Therefore, how to avoid the impact of secondary clamping on the surface strengthening quality of parts in existing split machining processes is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem this invention aims to solve is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a workpiece in-situ laser shock peening device and method based on a five-axis machine tool. On a five-axis CNC machine tool integrated with laser shock peening components, the workpiece undergoes precision machining and shock peening sequentially after a single clamping operation, following the machining sequence. First, milling is completed. Then, through a switching operation, the machine tool enters the peening mode, and according to a preset peening path, the laser beam is controlled to perform in-situ shock peening of the machined surface. This solves the technical problem in existing separate machining processes where secondary clamping affects the surface peening quality of the part.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: an in-situ laser shock strengthening device for workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool, comprising a five-axis CNC machine tool, wherein the five-axis CNC machine tool includes a five-axis work platform, a CNC system, a machining tool, and a laser strengthening shock component integrated within the five-axis CNC machine tool; The laser-strengthened impact assembly includes a constraint layer and an absorption layer sprayer and a laser. The constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer is used to spray an absorption layer onto the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece and to supply a constraint layer medium. The laser is used to output a high-energy pulsed laser onto the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece. The CNC system integrates the workpiece's three-dimensional geometric information, cutting path and laser shock strengthening path, cutting unit, and laser shock strengthening unit; The cutting unit is used to control the five-axis worktable and cutting tools to perform precision machining on the workpiece according to the cutting path based on the workpiece's three-dimensional geometric information. The laser shock strengthening unit is used to control a five-axis worktable in conjunction with a laser strengthening shock component to perform laser strengthening shock processing on the workpiece according to the laser shock strengthening path.

[0008] Preferably, the laser-strengthened impact assembly further includes an optical path transmission unit, which is used to transmit and project the high-energy pulsed laser output from the laser onto the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece.

[0009] Preferably, the five-axis CNC machine tool further includes a tool magazine and a spindle, with the machining tools and the laser output head of the laser integrated in the tool magazine.

[0010] Preferably, the laser shock strengthening path is planned by combining the workpiece CAD model with the finite element analysis results. For stress concentration areas of the workpiece, the laser shock strengthening path has a higher path density and matches the corresponding laser process parameters.

[0011] Preferably, the constraining layer and the absorption layer sprayer are provided with a coaxial water supply structure. The coaxial water supply structure moves synchronously with the laser emission position of the laser and is used to supply water for the constraining layer to the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of the constraining layer medium on the complex curved surface.

[0012] Preferably, the CNC system further includes an incident angle control submodule, which is used to control the angle at which the high-energy pulsed laser is incident on the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece.

[0013] Preferably, the incident angle control submodule controls the high-energy pulsed laser to be incident on the surface of the area to be strengthened along the normal direction of the surface of the workpiece.

[0014] Preferably, the laser shock strengthening unit is also used to coordinate the linkage motion of the five-axis worktable and the output parameters of the laser pulse energy, pulse repetition frequency, and spot shape, so as to achieve adaptive laser shock strengthening for surfaces with different curvatures.

[0015] Another technical solution of the present invention is a method for in-situ laser shock peening of workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool, comprising the following steps: The workpiece to be processed is clamped on the five-axis work platform; The system calls upon the workpiece's three-dimensional geometric information and cutting path stored within the CNC system to control the five-axis worktable in conjunction with the cutting tools to perform in-situ five-axis precision machining on the workpiece. After precision machining is completed, keep the workpiece in its original clamping state on the five-axis work platform and switch to laser shock strengthening mode. The laser shock strengthening path stored in the CNC system is called, and the five-axis worktable is controlled to cooperate with the laser strengthening shock component to perform in-situ laser shock strengthening processing on the machined surface of the workpiece.

[0016] Preferably, when performing in-situ laser shock strengthening, the five-axis worktable is coordinated and controlled to achieve multi-axis linkage, as well as the pulse energy, pulse repetition frequency, and spot shape of the laser. Furthermore, the high-energy pulsed laser is controlled to be incident along the normal direction of the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece, thereby achieving adaptive shock strengthening of surfaces with different curvatures.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The laser-strengthened impact component is integrated into a five-axis CNC machine tool. The CNC system has built-in workpiece three-dimensional geometric information, two types of machining paths, and corresponding cutting machining units and laser shock strengthening units. The workpiece can complete precision cutting and laser shock strengthening on the same five-axis working platform of the machine. There is no need to disassemble and transfer the workpiece to a separate laser shock equipment. This reduces the repetitive positioning errors caused by workpiece disassembly and secondary clamping, reduces the risk of displacement of the laser shock strengthening area, and helps to ensure the surface strengthening quality of the parts. At the same time, it realizes the integration of complex curved surface component forming and surface modification, reduces workpiece transfer steps, shortens the production cycle, and eliminates the need for a separate set of dedicated laser shock strengthening equipment, which helps to reduce equipment investment costs.

[0018] Furthermore, the addition of an optical transmission section enables the stable transmission and projection of high-energy pulsed laser output from the laser onto the surface of the workpiece to be strengthened, achieving reliable transmission of laser energy, ensuring that the high-energy pulsed laser can act on the target strengthening position of the workpiece, maintaining a stable energy supply for laser shock strengthening, and improving the reliability of laser shock process implementation.

[0019] Furthermore, by storing machining tools and the laser output head of the laser in the tool magazine, the automatic replacement of machining tools and laser output head is achieved with the help of the spindle. The switching between cutting function and laser shock enhancement function is completed conveniently by physically changing the head. No manual disassembly and assembly of tools is required, the switching is highly automated, and it is compatible with the existing hardware structure of the five-axis machine tool tool magazine, making the modification and implementation relatively convenient.

[0020] Furthermore, the laser shock strengthening path is planned by combining the workpiece CAD model and finite element analysis results. Higher path density is used for stress concentration areas of the workpiece, and the optimized laser process parameters are matched. This allows for targeted strengthening of key parts that are prone to fatigue failure, reasonable allocation of laser processing resources, further improvement of the part's resistance to fatigue cracking, and enhancement of the strengthening effect in key areas.

[0021] Furthermore, the CNC system is equipped with an incident angle control submodule, which can adjust the incident angle of the high-energy pulsed laser irradiating the surface of the workpiece to be strengthened. It can flexibly adjust the laser incident posture according to the curved shape of the workpiece, providing a control basis for obtaining a more ideal laser shock strengthening effect.

[0022] Furthermore, by controlling the incident angle submodule, the high-energy pulsed laser is incident along the normal direction of the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece, which helps the laser energy to act better on the surface of the workpiece, improves the laser energy utilization efficiency, obtains a better shock wave loading effect, and improves the introduction effect of residual compressive stress in complex curved surface positions.

[0023] In summary, this invention, by clamping the workpiece onto a five-axis work platform in one go and maintaining the original clamping state after machining without disassembly, directly switches the working condition to complete in-situ laser shock peening processing, thus alleviating the workpiece disassembly and transportation burden of traditional processes. The repeated positioning error caused by double clamping reduces the possibility of offset in the reinforced area; machining and reinforcement share the unified geometric model and machining path stored within the CNC system, resulting in smooth process transitions, simplified process flow, reduced auxiliary time, and improved machining of complex curved surface parts. Enhance the efficiency of integrated manufacturing.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.

[0027] The components include: 1. Machining tools; 2. Five-axis work platform; 3. Constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer; 4. Laser; 5. Optical path transmission unit; 6. Spindle; 7. Five-axis CNC machine tool. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "one side," "one end," and "one side," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0032] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0033] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0034] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0035] This invention provides a workpiece in-situ laser shock peening device and method based on a five-axis machine tool. By clamping the workpiece on the five-axis work platform 2 once, and maintaining the original clamping state after the cutting process, the in-situ laser shock peening process is completed directly by switching working conditions. This alleviates the repeated positioning errors caused by workpiece disassembly, transportation, and secondary clamping in traditional processes, and reduces the possibility of the strengthened area shifting. The machining and strengthening processes share the unified geometric model and machining path stored in the CNC system, resulting in smooth process connection, simplified process flow, reduced auxiliary time, and improved integrated manufacturing efficiency of machining and strengthening of complex curved surface parts.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an in-situ laser shock strengthening device for workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool, comprising a five-axis CNC machine tool 7, the five-axis CNC machine tool 7 including a five-axis work platform 2, a CNC system, a machining tool 1, and a laser strengthening shock component integrated within the five-axis CNC machine tool 7.

[0037] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, the laser-strengthened impact assembly includes a constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer 3 and a laser 4. The constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer 3 is used to spray an absorption layer on the surface of the area to be strengthened of the workpiece and to supply the constraint layer medium. The laser 4 is used to output a high-energy pulsed laser on the surface of the area to be strengthened of the workpiece.

[0038] The CNC system integrates the workpiece's three-dimensional geometric information, cutting path and laser shock strengthening path, cutting unit, and laser shock strengthening unit.

[0039] The cutting unit is used to control the five-axis worktable and the cutting tool 1 to perform precision machining on the workpiece according to the cutting path based on the workpiece's three-dimensional geometric information.

[0040] The laser shock strengthening unit is used to control a five-axis worktable in conjunction with laser strengthening shock components to perform laser strengthening shock processing on workpieces according to the laser shock strengthening path.

[0041] Through the above configuration, the present invention integrates the laser-strengthened impact component onto a five-axis CNC machine tool 7. The CNC system has built-in workpiece three-dimensional geometric information, two types of machining paths, and corresponding cutting machining units and laser shock strengthening units. The workpiece can complete both precision cutting and laser shock strengthening on the same five-axis work platform 2 of the same machine, without the need to disassemble and transfer the workpiece to a separate laser shock equipment. This reduces the repetitive positioning errors caused by workpiece disassembly and secondary clamping, lowers the risk of displacement in the laser shock strengthening area, and helps ensure the surface strengthening quality of the parts. At the same time, it realizes the integration of complex curved surface component forming and surface modification, reduces workpiece transfer steps, shortens the production cycle, and eliminates the need for a separate set of dedicated laser shock strengthening equipment, which helps reduce equipment investment costs.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Preferably, in this embodiment, the CNC system further includes an incident angle control submodule. The incident angle control submodule is an internal software logic unit of the CNC system, used to output motion commands, control the posture of the five-axis worktable, and thereby adjust the angle at which the high-energy pulsed laser is incident on the surface of the workpiece to be strengthened.

[0044] The CNC system is equipped with an incident angle control submodule, which flexibly adjusts the laser incident posture according to the workpiece surface shape, providing a control basis for obtaining a more ideal laser shock strengthening effect.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the incident angle control submodule controls the high-energy pulsed laser of the laser 4 to be incident on the surface of the area to be strengthened along the normal direction of the surface of the workpiece.

[0046] The incident angle control submodule enables high-energy pulsed lasers to be incident along the surface normal of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece, which helps the laser energy to act better on the surface of the workpiece, improves the laser energy utilization efficiency, obtains a better shock wave loading effect, and improves the introduction effect of residual compressive stress in complex curved surface positions.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the laser-enhanced impact component includes, as follows: Figure 1 The high-energy pulsed laser output from the laser 4 is transmitted and projected onto the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece through the optical path transmission unit 5 shown.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the left side of the five-axis CNC machine tool 7 is the tool processing area, and the right side is the laser processing area. The tool processing area is equipped with a tool magazine and a spindle 6. The processing tools 1 are integrated in the tool magazine. According to the actual processing requirements, the spindle 6 loads a specific processing tool 1 from the tool magazine to perform processing operations.

[0049] Specifically, during tool machining operations, under the control of the CNC system, the machine tool spindle 6 is loaded with machining tool 1. According to the path of machining tool 1, the linear axes (X, Y, Z) and rotary axes (A, C) of the five-axis work platform 2 are driven to perform precision machining, including milling and drilling, on the workpiece until the predetermined dimensional accuracy and surface finish are achieved.

[0050] The laser-strengthened impact assembly is arranged in the laser processing area. The constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer 3 is fixed inside the bottom of the five-axis CNC machine tool 7, and the nozzle of the constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer 3 is arranged facing the lower left, so as to spray the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece. The laser 4 is arranged above the constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer 3, and the laser path of the laser 4 converges with the spraying path of the constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer 3 through the optical path transmission unit 5 to the surface of the area to be strengthened.

[0051] The addition of an optical path transmission unit 5 enables the stable transmission and projection of the high-energy pulsed laser output from the laser 4 onto the surface of the workpiece to be strengthened, achieving reliable transmission of laser energy, ensuring that the high-energy pulsed laser can act on the target strengthening position of the workpiece, maintaining a stable energy supply for laser shock strengthening, and improving the reliability of the laser shock process.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the optical path transmission unit 5 is positioned to the left of the laser 4. The side of the optical path transmission unit 5 facing the laser 4 is a downwardly inclined reflective surface. The emission path of the laser 4 extends horizontally to the left and is reflected by the reflective surface onto the surface of the area to be strengthened. The incident angle control submodule is used to adjust the tilt angle of the radiating surface of the optical path transmission unit to adjust the laser incident angle.

[0053] After the tool processing area is completed, the five-axis work platform 2 moves the workpiece to the laser processing area on the right. Specifically, the five-axis work platform 2 first adjusts the surface of the area to be strengthened so that the surface of the area to be strengthened is aligned with the laser path of the laser 4 and the point where the spraying paths of the constraint layer and the absorption layer sprayer 3 converge through the optical path transmission unit 5 to perform laser shock strengthening operation.

[0054] In another embodiment, based on actual usage requirements, both the machining tool 1 and the laser output head of the laser 4 are integrated into the tool magazine. During the tool machining stage, the spindle 6 loads the machining tool 1 for machining. During the laser shock peening stage, the spindle 6 loads the laser output head for laser peening machining, completing the physical switch. At this time, the laser body is integrated into the spindle 6. When the laser output head is loaded, the laser body and the laser output head are connected to form the laser 4, activating the laser path to output laser light, completing the function switch. Specifically, in this embodiment, the spindle 6 is equipped with an integrated composite machining head. This integrated composite machining head can both hold the tool to complete the cutting machining and conduct the laser light path. After the cutting machining is completed, the spindle moves to a safe position without changing the tool; the spindle cutting rotation power is turned off, and auxiliary systems such as the laser light path, constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer 3 are activated, directly completing the function switch from the cutting condition to the laser shock peening condition.

[0055] The tool magazine stores the machining tool 1 and the laser output head of the laser 4. The spindle 6 enables automatic replacement of the machining tool 1 and the laser output head. The switching between cutting and laser shock enhancement functions is completed conveniently by physically changing the head. No manual disassembly or assembly of tools is required. The switching is highly automated and compatible with the existing hardware structure of the five-axis machine tool magazine, making the modification and implementation relatively convenient.

[0056] Preferably, in this embodiment, the laser shock strengthening path is planned by combining the workpiece CAD model with the finite element analysis results. For the stress concentration area of ​​the workpiece, the laser shock strengthening path has a higher path density and matches the corresponding laser process parameters.

[0057] The laser shock strengthening path is planned by combining the workpiece CAD model and finite element analysis results. The finite element analysis identifies the stress concentration area of ​​the workpiece. When generating CNC executable code, a higher path density is adopted for the stress concentration area of ​​the workpiece, and the corresponding optimized laser process parameters are matched.

[0058] By combining the workpiece CAD model with the finite element analysis results to plan the laser shock strengthening path, targeted strengthening can be carried out on key parts of the parts that are prone to fatigue failure. This allows for the rational allocation of laser processing resources, further improving the parts' resistance to fatigue cracking and enhancing the strengthening effect in key areas.

[0059] The laser shock strengthening unit is also used to coordinate the linkage motion of the five-axis worktable and the output parameters of the laser 4, such as pulse energy, pulse repetition frequency, and spot shape, to achieve adaptive laser shock strengthening for surfaces with different curvatures.

[0060] It should be noted that the laser 4, the constraint layer and the absorption layer sprayer 3 are all individual devices that can be directly adopted from existing mature equipment in the field; the improvement of this invention does not lie in the above-mentioned individual hardware itself, but in combining the above components with a five-axis CNC machine tool to achieve coordinated control of cutting and laser shock strengthening under a single clamping condition.

[0061] In this embodiment, preferably, the constraining layer and the absorption layer sprayer 3 are provided with a coaxial water supply structure. The coaxial water supply structure is integrated at the optical path output end. The water path and the laser optical path are arranged coaxially. The coaxial water supply structure moves synchronously with the laser output position of the laser 4. It is used to supply water for the constraining layer to the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of the constraining layer medium on the complex curved surface.

[0062] The present invention provides a method for in-situ laser shock peening of workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool, comprising the following steps: S1. Mount the workpiece to be processed on the five-axis work platform 2.

[0063] Specifically, the workpiece to be processed is securely clamped on the five-axis work platform 2. In the CNC system of the machine tool, a unified digital composite manufacturing model is imported or generated; this model integrates: the three-dimensional geometric information of the workpiece, the machining tool path 1 with three or more axes linked for specific areas of the workpiece, and the laser shock strengthening path with three or more axes linked based on the workpiece's geometry and performance strengthening requirements. This path is optimized to ensure that the laser beam can impact the surface to be strengthened at the best incident angle (especially along the normal direction of the curved surface).

[0064] S2. Call the workpiece's three-dimensional geometric information and cutting path stored in the CNC system, and control the five-axis worktable to perform in-situ five-axis precision machining on the workpiece in conjunction with the machining tool 1; Specifically, under the control of the CNC system, the machine tool spindle 6 is loaded with machining tools 1. According to the path of machining tools 1, the linear axes (X, Y, Z) and rotary axes (A, C) of the five-axis work platform 2 are driven to perform precision machining, including milling and drilling, on the workpiece until the predetermined dimensional accuracy and surface finish are achieved.

[0065] For example, a pulsed Nd:YAG laser can be selected as the laser, and the pulse energy can be set to 3. 10J, pulse repetition frequency 5 At 20Hz, those skilled in the art can adjust the process parameters according to the material of the part and the adaptability of the surface curvature.

[0066] S3. After precision machining is completed, keep the workpiece in its original clamping state on the five-axis work platform 2 and switch to laser shock strengthening mode. After precision machining is completed, the spindle 6 is moved to the designated safe position, and then a mode switching operation is performed; the mode is switched to reinforced impact mode via software.

[0067] S4. Call the laser shock strengthening path stored in the CNC system, control the five-axis worktable to cooperate with the laser strengthening shock component, and perform in-situ laser shock strengthening processing on the machined surface of the workpiece.

[0068] Specifically, it includes: S4.1 Control the movement of the five-axis machine tool to move the workpiece to be strengthened area to the laser processing area and align it with the intersection of the laser 4 and the constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer 3.

[0069] S4.2. Through the automatic supply system integrated into the machine tool, a uniform absorption and constraint layer is formed on the surface to be strengthened by the constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer 3. The start, stop and range of action of this process are precisely controlled by a CNC program.

[0070] S4.3. Based on the laser shock strengthening path, coordinate the multi-axis linkage of the five-axis working platform 2 and the output parameters of the pulsed laser 4 to make the laser beam scan and shock the processed surface of the workpiece at a predetermined incident angle, energy and repetition frequency.

[0071] Specifically, when performing in-situ laser shock peening, the five-axis worktable is coordinated and controlled to move in multi-axis linkage, and the pulse energy, pulse repetition frequency, and spot shape of the laser 4 are controlled. The high-energy pulsed laser is controlled to be incident along the normal direction of the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece, so as to achieve adaptive shock peening for surfaces with different curvatures.

[0072] After all enhancement paths have been executed, pulsed laser 4 stops emitting light, and the supply systems for the absorption and confinement layers are shut down.

[0073] S5. Process Completion and Quality Control After processing and assembly, the workpiece is kept in its original clamping state for in-situ online measurement. Only after confirming that the processing and strengthening quality is qualified can the workpiece be unloaded.

[0074] In summary, this invention provides a workpiece in-situ laser shock peening device and method based on a five-axis machine tool. On a five-axis CNC machine tool 7 integrating laser shock peening components, the workpiece undergoes precision machining and shock peening sequentially after a single clamping operation. First, milling is completed. Then, through a switching operation, the machine tool enters the peening mode, and according to a preset peening path, the laser beam is controlled to perform in-situ shock peening on the machined surface. This invention eliminates the repetitive positioning errors of traditional separate processes, realizing a fully integrated process from forming to modification of complex curved surface parts, greatly improving product accuracy, performance, and production efficiency.

[0075] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A workpiece in-situ laser shock peening device based on a five-axis machine tool, characterized in that, The five-axis CNC machine tool (7) includes a five-axis work platform (2), a CNC system, a machining tool (1), and a laser-enhanced impact assembly integrated within the five-axis CNC machine tool (7). The laser-strengthened impact assembly includes a constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer (3) and a laser (4). The constraint layer and absorption layer sprayer (3) is used to spray an absorption layer on the surface of the workpiece to be strengthened and to supply a constraint layer medium. The laser (4) is used to output a high-energy pulsed laser on the surface of the workpiece to be strengthened. The CNC system integrates the workpiece's three-dimensional geometric information, cutting path and laser shock strengthening path, cutting unit, and laser shock strengthening unit; The cutting processing unit is used to control the five-axis worktable and the cutting tool (1) to perform precision machining on the workpiece according to the three-dimensional geometric information of the workpiece and the cutting processing path; The laser shock strengthening unit is used to control a five-axis worktable in conjunction with a laser strengthening shock component to perform laser strengthening shock processing on the workpiece according to the laser shock strengthening path.

2. The in-situ laser shock peening device for workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser-strengthened impact assembly also includes an optical path transmission unit (5), which is used to transmit and project the high-energy pulsed laser output from the laser (4) onto the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece.

3. The in-situ laser shock peening device for workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The five-axis CNC machine tool (7) also includes a tool magazine and a spindle (6), and the machining tool (1) and the laser output head of the laser (4) are integrated in the tool magazine.

4. The in-situ laser shock peening device for workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser shock strengthening path is planned by combining the workpiece CAD model with the finite element analysis results. For stress concentration areas of the workpiece, the laser shock strengthening path has a higher path density and is matched with the corresponding laser process parameters.

5. The in-situ laser shock peening device for workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constraining layer and the absorption layer sprayer (3) are provided with a coaxial water supply structure. The coaxial water supply structure moves synchronously with the laser output position of the laser (4) to supply water for the constraining layer to the surface of the workpiece to be strengthened, thereby improving the uniformity and stability of the constraining layer medium on the complex curved surface.

6. The in-situ laser shock peening device for workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The CNC system also includes an incident angle control submodule, which is used to control the angle at which a high-energy pulsed laser is incident on the surface of the area to be strengthened on the workpiece.

7. The in-situ laser shock peening device for workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The incident angle control submodule controls the high-energy pulsed laser to be incident on the surface of the area to be strengthened along the normal direction of the surface of the workpiece.

8. The in-situ laser shock peening device for workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser shock strengthening unit is also used to coordinate the linkage motion of the five-axis worktable and the output parameters of the laser (4) pulse energy, pulse repetition frequency, and spot shape, so as to achieve adaptive laser shock strengthening for different curvature surfaces.

9. A method for in-situ laser shock peening of workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The workpiece to be processed is clamped on the five-axis work platform (2); Call the workpiece's three-dimensional geometric information and cutting path stored in the CNC system, and control the five-axis worktable to cooperate with the machining tool (1) to perform in-situ five-axis precision machining on the workpiece; After precision machining is completed, keep the workpiece in its original clamping state on the five-axis work platform (2) and switch to laser shock strengthening mode; The laser shock strengthening path stored in the CNC system is called, and the five-axis worktable is controlled to cooperate with the laser strengthening shock component to perform in-situ laser shock strengthening processing on the machined surface of the workpiece.

10. The in-situ laser shock peening method for workpieces based on a five-axis machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, When performing in-situ laser shock strengthening, the five-axis worktable is coordinated and controlled to have multi-axis linkage, as well as the pulse energy, pulse repetition frequency, and spot shape of the laser (4). The high-energy pulsed laser is controlled to be incident along the normal direction of the surface of the workpiece to be strengthened, so as to achieve adaptive shock strengthening of surfaces with different curvatures.

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