Railway tunnel emergency support device

Abstract

The application discloses a railway tunnel emergency support device, which comprises left and right support devices, and each of the left and right support devices comprises a fixed base, a support beam, an extension beam and a driving mechanism; the support beam is in the shape of a hollow arc-shaped rod, and the bottom end of the support beam is fixed to the fixed base; the extension beam is in the shape of an arc-shaped rod, and the bottom end of the extension beam is inserted into the inside of the support beam from the top end of the support beam; the driving mechanism is connected to the support beam and the extension beam, and is used for driving the extension beam to reach or leave a butt joint position relative to the support beam; the extension beam in the left support device is a left extension beam, and the extension beam in the right support device is a right extension beam; when the left extension beam and the right extension beam are located at the butt joint position, the top end of the left extension beam and the top end of the right extension beam are butted. Thus, the time of occupying the'skylight' is shorter, the number of operating personnel required and the safety risk are reduced, space is left for the emergency passing of a train, and cables can be effectively avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to tunnel construction, and more specifically, to an emergency support device for railway tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth in railway transportation demand, operating railway tunnels are affected by multiple factors during long-term use, such as extended service life, changes in geological environment, and disturbances from heavy-haul trains, resulting in common structural defects such as tunnel lining cracking and spalling. To ensure train safety, railway departments usually need to take temporary support measures for the affected sections while maintaining normal transportation order.

[0003] Among related technologies, the most common treatment method for this type of defect is to manually erect scaffolding and install steel arch supports within the "maintenance window" of the railway line. This method relies entirely on manual segmented hoisting and bolting, which has problems such as long occupation of the "maintenance window" time and large number of personnel required, and cannot meet the needs of emergency restoration of traffic under high transport volume conditions. At the same time, erecting scaffolding before the defect has stabilized poses high safety risks, and the work efficiency is seriously mismatched with the timeliness requirements of emergency treatment.

[0004] To improve mechanization, various temporary support devices for tunnels have emerged on the market, but most of them are designed for tunnels under construction. However, in operating railway tunnels, the existing cable facilities that supply power to trains, such as contact wires, catenary wires, positive feeders, and return lines, are densely arranged and complex, making it impossible for temporary support devices to effectively bypass these cables during installation and deployment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an emergency support device for railway tunnels that can improve the above-mentioned defects, occupy less "tunnel windows" time, reduce the number of workers required and safety risks, leave space for emergency train passage, and effectively avoid cables.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an emergency support device for railway tunnels, including a left support device and a right support device, wherein both the left support device and the right support device include a fixed base, a support beam, a telescopic beam and a drive mechanism. The fixing base is used to fix it to the tunnel foundation; The support beam is a hollow arc-shaped rod, with its bottom end fixed to the fixed base. The outer arc surface of the support beam is used to fix it to the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel. The telescopic beam is in the shape of an arc rod, with its bottom end inserted into the interior of the support beam from the top of the support beam. The outer arc surface of the telescopic beam is used to abut against the arc-shaped upper wall of the tunnel. The drive mechanism is connected to the support beam and the telescopic beam, and is used to drive the telescopic beam to or from the docking position relative to the support beam. The telescopic beam in the left support device is a left telescopic beam, and the telescopic beam in the right support device is a right telescopic beam; When both the left telescopic beam and the right telescopic beam are in the docking position, the top ends of the left telescopic beam and the top ends of the right telescopic beam are aligned.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, one of the top ends of the left telescopic beam and the right telescopic beam is provided with a groove, and the other is provided with a boss. Driven by the driving mechanism, the groove and the boss can be engaged or disengaged.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the top end of the support beam is provided with a first reserved hole, and the bottom end of the telescopic beam is provided with a second reserved hole; When the telescopic beam is in the docking position, the first reserved hole and the second reserved hole are directly opposite each other, and the pin passes through the first reserved hole and the second reserved hole.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, both the left support device and the right support device further include an adjustment mechanism, which is disposed at the lower part of the support beam and is used to abut against the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting cylinder and a top block; The top block is disposed on the outer arc surface of the support beam; The two ends of the adjusting cylinder are respectively hinged to the top block and the support beam, and are used to drive the top block to move relative to the support beam so that the top block abuts against the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the top block has anti-slip protrusions on one side that contacts the arcuate sidewall of the tunnel.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, both the left support device and the right support device further include a fixing plate; The fixing plate is connected to the support beam, and the support beam is located in the middle area of ​​the fixing plate; The fixing plate is used to fix the existing lining of the tunnel; The support beam abuts against the curved sidewall of the tunnel.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the top of the support beam is provided with a connecting lug. The drive mechanism includes a drive motor and a pin-tooth transmission mechanism, wherein the drive motor is disposed on the connecting lug. The pin-tooth transmission mechanism includes a drive gear and a pin shaft row; The drive gear is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor; The pin row includes multiple drive pins, and each drive pin is arranged along the length direction of the telescopic beam. The drive gear meshes with the pin shaft.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, a transmission groove is provided on the inner arc surface of the telescopic beam, and the transmission groove extends along the length direction of the telescopic beam; Each of the aforementioned transmission pins passes through the two side walls of the transmission groove.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, a gripping fixture is provided on the inner arc surface of the support beam, the gripping fixture being used for gripping by an external robotic arm; And / or, The railway tunnel emergency support device includes multiple pairs of left support devices and right support devices, wherein a fixing ring is provided on the longitudinal side of the support beam, and the fixing rings on two longitudinally adjacent support beams are connected by a screw. And / or, The railway tunnel emergency support device also includes a power pack, which is mounted on the fixed base and is used to provide power to the drive mechanism.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, firstly, the bottom end of the telescopic beam is inserted into the support beam from the top and driven by the drive mechanism to extend along the wall to the docking position. Before extending, the telescopic beam is stored in the support beam on the side of the tunnel sidewall. Its extension path is limited by the storage position to extend upward in a circumferential direction along the inner contour of the tunnel wall. It is radially offset from the suspension areas of existing contact wires, catenary wires, positive feeders and other cables above the arch waist, thus reducing the risk of squeezing, hooking or interference. The nested arrangement also makes the device compact in its storage contour, which is convenient for low-positioning in the operating tunnel with limited clearance.

[0017] Secondly, the left and right support devices are set separately, fixed to the foundation by a fixed base and the support beam is fixed to the arc-shaped sidewall. The load-bearing path does not rely on the existing lining, and the disturbance to the damaged lining is small. When the top of the left telescopic beam and the top of the right telescopic beam are connected, the two devices form an integral closed load-bearing ring. The top load is transmitted to the foundation on both sides through the telescopic beam and the support beam to form a self-balancing force transmission path, which tightly supports and presses against the cracked and spalled areas around the perimeter, inhibiting the further development of the disease.

[0018] Furthermore, the extension and retraction are completed by the drive mechanism, and the top can be connected to form a ring after reaching the position. The mechanical action replaces the manual high-altitude segmental bolting, which helps to shorten the time occupied by the "skylight window", reduce the number of workers required and the safety risks.

[0019] Finally, the left and right support devices are attached to the inner wall of the tunnel as a whole, and the lower space enclosed by the closed frame is outside the train envelope. While maintaining the load-bearing state, it leaves space for the emergency passage of trains, thus improving the problem of the contradiction between emergency support and maintaining transportation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction status of the emergency support device for railway tunnels according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the left support device in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 To be Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the left telescopic beam and drive mechanism after they have been concealed. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the right support device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the combined structure of the left and right telescopic beams and the pin shaft row; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the combined structure of the right-center telescopic beam and the pin shaft row; Figure 7 This is a second schematic diagram of the left support device according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of region A in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of region B in the middle; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the construction status of multiple sets of support devices combined.

[0022] Icons: 100-Left support device; 110-Left telescopic beam; 111-Groove; 200-Right support device; 210-Right telescopic beam; 211-Boss; 300-Fixed base; 310-Support beam; 311-Grip tool; 312-First reserved hole; 313-Connecting ear; 314-Fixing ring; 320-Drive mechanism; 321-Drive motor; 322-Drive gear; 323-Transmission pin; 324-Transmission groove; 330-Adjusting mechanism; 331-Adjusting cylinder; 332-Top block; 333-Mounting plate; 340-Fixing plate; 400-Power pack. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0024] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] refer to Figures 1 to 4 This application discloses an emergency support device for railway tunnels, including a left support device 100 and a right support device 200. Both the left support device 100 and the right support device 200 include a fixed base 300, a support beam 310, a telescopic beam, and a drive mechanism 320. The fixed base 300 is used to fix the tunnel foundation; The support beam 310 is a hollow arc-shaped rod, and its bottom end is fixed to the fixed base 300. The outer arc surface of the support beam 310 is used to fix it to the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel. The telescopic beam is in the shape of an arc rod, with its bottom end inserted into the interior of the support beam 310 from the top of the support beam 310. The outer arc surface of the telescopic beam is used to abut against the arc-shaped upper wall of the tunnel. The drive mechanism 320 is connected to the support beam 310 and the telescopic beam, and is used to drive the telescopic beam to reach or leave the docking position relative to the support beam 310. The telescopic beam in the left support device 100 is the left telescopic beam 110, and the telescopic beam in the right support device 200 is the right telescopic beam 210. When both the left telescopic beam 110 and the right telescopic beam 210 are in the docking position, the top end of the left telescopic beam 110 and the top end of the right telescopic beam 210 are docked together.

[0027] In this way, firstly, the bottom end of the telescopic beam is inserted into the support beam 310 from the top and driven by the drive mechanism 320 to extend along the wall to the docking position. Before extending, the telescopic beam is stored in the support beam 310 on the side of the tunnel sidewall. Its extension path is limited by the storage position to extend upward in a circumferential direction along the inner contour of the tunnel wall. It is radially offset from the suspension areas of existing contact wires, catenary wires, positive feeders and other cables above the arch waist, so the risk of squeezing, hooking or interference is small. The nested arrangement also makes the device compact in its storage contour, which is convenient for low-positioning in the operation tunnel with limited clearance.

[0028] Secondly, the left support device 100 and the right support device 200 are set separately. They are fixed to the foundation by the fixed base 300 and the support beam 310 is fixed to the arc-shaped side wall. The load-bearing path does not depend on the existing lining and has less disturbance to the damaged lining. When the top of the left telescopic beam 110 and the top of the right telescopic beam 210 are connected, the two devices form an integral closed load-bearing ring. The top load is transmitted to the foundation on both sides through the telescopic beam and the support beam 310 to form a self-balancing force transmission path, which abuts and tightens around the cracked and spalled areas, inhibiting the further development of the disease.

[0029] Furthermore, the extension and retraction are completed by the drive mechanism 320, and the top end can be connected to form a ring after it is in place. The mechanical action replaces the manual high-altitude segmental bolting, which helps to shorten the time occupied by the "skylight window", reduce the number of workers required and the safety risks.

[0030] Finally, the left support device 100 and the right support device 200 are attached to the inner wall of the tunnel as a whole, and the lower space enclosed by the closed frame is outside the train envelope. While maintaining the load-bearing state, it leaves space for the emergency passage of trains, thus improving the problem of the contradiction between emergency support and maintaining transportation.

[0031] Optionally, the fixed base 300 can be fixed to the ground by means of bolts, that is, the fixed base 300 has multiple fixed installation holes, and the anchor bolts can pass through the fixed installation holes and be locked into the ground.

[0032] Optionally, a gripping fixture 311 is provided (e.g., welded) on the inner arc surface of the support beam 310, the gripping fixture 311 being used for gripping by an external robotic arm.

[0033] Therefore, the external robotic arm can use the gripping fixture 311 to place the left support device 100 and the right support device 200 below the defect area. When the robotic arm grips, it does not occupy or interfere with the contact surface between the outer arc surface of the support beam 310 and the side wall, nor does it occupy additional external space of the device, nor does it affect the circumferential extension of the subsequent telescopic beam.

[0034] Optionally, one of the top ends of the left telescopic beam 110 and the right telescopic beam 210 is provided with a groove 111, and the other is provided with a boss 211; for example Figure 5 and Figure 6 The top end of the left telescopic beam 110 is provided with a groove 111, and the top end of the right telescopic beam 210 is provided with a boss 211.

[0035] Driven by the drive mechanism 320, the groove 111 and the boss 211 can be engaged (i.e., they form a mortise and tenon joint) or separated.

[0036] In this way, the engagement of the boss 211 and the groove 111 is directly completed by the drive mechanism 320 driving the telescopic beam to the docking position, eliminating the need for additional locking actuators or manual high-altitude insertion procedures. The closure is automatically formed as the beam extends into place, correspondingly reducing the number of components and on-site procedures. The reverse action of the drive mechanism 320 can separate the groove 111 from the boss 211, allowing the device to be retracted, dismantled, and reused as a whole, balancing the efficiency of emergency support erection with the need for removal during subsequent permanent repairs.

[0037] Among them, the boss 211 and the groove 111 cooperate to form a positioning constraint on the relative displacement between the two tops, so that the left support device 100 and the right support device 200 are connected into a continuous load-bearing ring at the top of the arch, and the force transmission interface has both compressive and shear resistance capabilities.

[0038] Of course, it is understandable that in some embodiments not shown, the top ends of the left telescopic beam 110 and the right telescopic beam 210 can be connected in other ways, such as: bolted connection of overlapping plates (each top end is provided with overlapping ear plates, which are fastened by bolts or positioned by pins after alignment), detachable fastening with clamps, wedge-shaped self-locking, etc. As long as the relative positioning and connection of the left telescopic beam 110 and the right telescopic beam 210 at the arch docking position can be achieved, so that the left support device 100 and the right support device 200 together form a closed load-bearing structure, and have separability for recycling and relocation, the technical effect can be basically equivalent to that of the above-mentioned tenon and mortise embodiment.

[0039] Optionally, the top of the support beam 310 is provided with a first reserved hole 312, and the bottom of the telescopic beam is provided with a second reserved hole; When the telescopic beam is in the docking position, the first reserved hole 312 is aligned with the second reserved hole, and the pin passes through the first reserved hole 312 and the second reserved hole.

[0040] Therefore, after the telescopic beam extends to the docking position, it can be mechanically locked by the pin. In this way, the telescopic beam is kept in the docking position without relying on the drive mechanism 320 to continuously maintain power supply or pressure, and the risk of failure under long-term temporary support is reduced accordingly. Secondly, the positioning state is defined by the hole position. When the left telescopic beam 110 and the right telescopic beam 210 are close to each other in the docking position, they have a definite circumferential position reference. The engagement with the aforementioned groove 111 and boss 211 forms two complementary locks - the pin locks the extension stroke of each, and the tenon and tenon restrains the relative misalignment of the two top ends. The closed positions of the two are well consistent. Moreover, the pin is a simple removable component, and the telescopic beam can be retracted after the pin is pulled out. The dismantling and reuse of the device are not affected, and the on-site replacement and maintenance costs are low.

[0041] Optionally, both the left support device 100 and the right support device 200 also include an adjustment mechanism 330, which is located at the lower part of the support beam 310 and is used to abut against the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel.

[0042] Therefore, with the connection between the bottom end of the support beam 310 and the fixed base 300 as the fulcrum, the adjusting mechanism 330 applies radial thrust to the wall at the lower part of the support beam 310, which can finely adjust the overall installation posture of the support beam 310, so that the longer arc segment of its outer arc surface tends to be close to the tunnel wall from bottom to top, improving the degree of fit, transforming local line contact into surface contact, reducing contact stress, and making the load transfer to the lining more uniform, with relatively less disturbance to the damaged lining parts.

[0043] Moreover, for existing tunnel cross-sections with different curvatures such as horseshoe and arch, the same set of devices can be adapted to different wall contours by adjusting the stroke of the adjustment mechanism 330. The device has good cross-sectional versatility, reducing the need for targeted modifications or spare inventory.

[0044] In detail, the references Figure 7 and Figure 8 The adjusting mechanism 330 includes an adjusting cylinder 331 and a top block 332; Top block 332 is disposed on the outer arc surface of support beam 310; The two ends of the adjusting cylinder 331 are respectively hinged to the top block 332 and the support beam 310, and are used to drive the top block 332 to move relative to the support beam 310 (such as translation or swing) so that the top block 332 abuts against the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel.

[0045] In this way, the two ends of the adjusting cylinder 331 are hinged to form a double hinge force transmission pair, and the cylinder axis can be aligned by itself with the hinge points at both ends. When there is a deviation in the contact angle between the top block 332 and the arc-shaped side wall, the cylinder mainly bears the axial thrust. Because the risk of bending due to off-center load is small, the installation angle tolerance is large. The top block 332 is arranged on the outer side of the support beam 310 away from the inner arc surface and can move relative to the support beam 310. In the retracted state, the top block 332 can be retracted to not protrude from the outer arc surface, so as not to prevent the support beam 310 from directly sticking to the wall with its arc surface when it is hoisted and lowered. After it is in place, the cylinder extends and the top block 332 abuts against the side wall in a local concentrated manner to apply pre-tightening. It forms a surface contact and point pressing contact state with the large area of ​​the arc surface of the support beam 310. The pressing degree can be adjusted independently. In addition, the adjusting cylinder 331 has a large thrust density and low-speed controllable movement, making it suitable for gradually adjusting the posture of the support beam 310 within a limited space after it is attached to the wall.

[0046] Furthermore, the top block 332 has anti-slip protrusions on the side that contacts the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel.

[0047] As a result, the contact between the top block 332 and the arc-shaped sidewall changes from pure frictional contact to a combination of friction and convex surface engagement, which increases the sliding resistance of the top block 332 contact point along the wall tangentially. After the support beam 310 is adjusted to the correct position, the possibility of drifting or retraction under long-term disturbances such as its own weight, beam position torque, and train vibration is relatively small. The clamping mechanism 330 maintains the clamping of the support beam 310 more reliably.

[0048] Furthermore, a mounting plate 333 is provided on the longitudinal (i.e., tunnel extension direction) side of the support beam 310. The adjusting cylinder 331 is located on the same side of the support beam 310 as the mounting plate 333, and one end of the adjusting cylinder 331 is hinged to the mounting plate 333. In this way, the adjusting cylinder 331 does not intrude into the fitting gap between the outer arc surface of the support beam 310 and the tunnel sidewall, and the wall-fitting action of the outer arc surface is not affected by the cylinder. The mounting plate 333, as a dedicated load-bearing hinge, fixes the hinge point at the root of the cylinder to the side of the support beam 310. The force transmission path formed by the line connecting the hinge point of the top block 332 is clear. The cylinder mainly bears axial push and pull, and the hinge point structure also facilitates independent flaw detection and replacement maintenance.

[0049] The movable connection between the top block 332 and the support beam 310 is not specifically limited. For example, it can be a sliding connection in the horizontal direction or a rotating (swinging) connection.

[0050] Optionally, continue to refer to Figures 2 to 4 The left support device 100 and the right support device 200 also include a fixing plate 340; The fixing plate 340 is connected (e.g., welded) to the support beam 310, which is located in the middle area of ​​the fixing plate 340; The fixing plate 340 is used to fix to the existing lining of the tunnel; for example, the fixing plate 340 can be connected to the lining by means of a pin.

[0051] The support beam 310 abuts against the curved sidewall of the tunnel.

[0052] Therefore, the central area of ​​the fixed plate 340 is occupied by the support beam 310, and the fixed parts are distributed on both sides of the central area. The fastening operation (pinning or anchoring) on ​​the lining surface is not blocked by the beam, and there is still accessible operating space when it is attached to the wall.

[0053] Moreover, the interaction between the beam and the lining is transitioned through the fixing plate 340. The contact reaction force diffuses along the plate surface and is then transmitted to the lining. The local stress concentration near the diseased area is relatively low, which is more favorable to the already cracked lining. In addition, the fixing plate 340 is fixed to the base anchor and the adjusting mechanism 330 is tightened to form a redundant constraint of more than three points, and the overall constraint of the closed bearing ring is relatively high.

[0054] Optional, see reference Figure 3 and Figure 9 The top of the support beam 310 is provided with (e.g., welded) a connecting lug 313; The drive mechanism 320 includes a drive motor 321 and a pin-gear transmission mechanism, wherein the drive motor 321 is disposed on the connecting lug 313; The pin-gear transmission mechanism includes a drive gear 322 and a pin shaft row; Drive gear 322 is fixed to the output shaft of drive motor 321; The pin row includes multiple drive pins 323, and each drive pin 323 is arranged along the length of the telescopic beam. The drive gear 322 meshes with the transmission pin 323.

[0055] In this way, the drive motor 321 is arranged on the top of the support beam 310 via the connecting lug 313, and the power input point is located at the extension port of the telescopic beam. The meshing pair transmission chain is short and no external reduction transmission mechanism is required. The drive gear 322 meshes with the pins arranged along the length of the telescopic beam, converting the rotation of the motor into a propulsive force along the tangential direction of the beam. The propulsive direction basically coincides with the arc-shaped extension path of the telescopic beam against the wall. The radial additional load of the telescopic beam on the stacked guide is small, and the circumferential extension movement against the wall is relatively smooth.

[0056] In addition, compared with the integral rack, the pin shaft row is composed of multiple independent drive pins 323. Each drive pin 323 can be machined and replaced individually. When individual pins are damaged, there is no need to disassemble the entire row. The pitch error under long stroke is easy to correct one by one, which is suitable for low-speed, high-thrust wall-hugging feed under emergency conditions.

[0057] Furthermore, a transmission groove 324 is provided on the inner arc surface of the telescopic beam, and the transmission groove 324 extends along the length direction of the telescopic beam. Each transmission pin 323 passes through the two side walls of the transmission groove 324.

[0058] In this way, both ends of each transmission pin 323 are supported by holes on both sides of the transmission groove 324, forming a simple support form with two fulcrums. When the drive gear 322 pushes the transmission pin 323, the bending deformation and contact stress of the pin are small, the meshing transmission is smoother, and the wear life of the transmission pin 323 is extended accordingly.

[0059] Moreover, the transmission pin 323 is housed in the transmission groove 324, and the pin is shielded by the transmission groove 324, so the risk of it being hooked or bumped during transportation, hoisting and repeated extension and retraction is small.

[0060] Of course, it is understood that in some embodiments, the pin gear transmission mechanism can be replaced with other transmission mechanisms, such as a rack and pinion transmission mechanism that meshes with a gear and an arc rack, or a chain transmission mechanism that drives a sprocket and a chain. As long as the torque output by the drive motor 321 can be converted into a tangential thrust that drives the telescopic beam to move along the arc of the tunnel wall toward or away from the docking position, it can be applied to this application and can achieve an installation and closing effect that is basically equivalent to that of the pin gear transmission.

[0061] Furthermore, the driving method of the drive mechanism 320 is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, it can also be driven by a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic motor, or a linear motor. Taking the hydraulic cylinder as an example, the fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the support beam 310 and the piston rod is connected to the telescopic beam, which can replace the combination of the drive motor 321 and the pin gear transmission mechanism and directly drive the telescopic beam to move toward or away from the docking position.

[0062] The railway tunnel emergency support device also includes a power pack 400, which is mounted on a fixed base 300 and is used to provide power to the drive mechanism 320.

[0063] For example, when the drive mechanism 320 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder or the drive motor 321 is a hydraulic motor, it can share the same power pack 400 (hydraulic pump station) with the regulating cylinder 331, making the power source of the device more singular and the oil circuit layout simpler.

[0064] If the drive mechanism 320 is electrically driven, then the power pack 400 can be a battery pack.

[0065] Optionally, the railway tunnel emergency support device includes multiple sets of left support devices 100 and right support devices 200 in pairs. The longitudinal side of the support beam 310 (i.e. the side of the support beam 310 in the tunnel extension direction) is provided with a fixing ring 314. The fixing rings 314 on two longitudinally adjacent (i.e. adjacent in the tunnel extension direction) support beams 310 are connected by screws.

[0066] In this way, each pair of adjacent sets of devices in the longitudinal direction are pulled together as a whole by screws, which improves the overall stiffness and longitudinal stability of the support structure and reduces the possibility of coordinated misalignment at multiple joints. Among them, the fixing ring 314 is arranged on the longitudinal side of the support beam 310, and the screw is connected through the ring within the width of the beam. It does not protrude outward from the contour of the device against the wall, and does not occupy the crane envelope and cable suspension area. Moreover, the connection method of ring hole hooking is simple on-site process. It is only necessary to insert and tighten the screw to complete the connection between groups.

[0067] An example of the construction process of the railway tunnel emergency support device in this application is as follows: With the help of an external robotic arm, the left support device 100 and the right support device 200 are respectively placed on both sides of the tunnel defect area by gripping tool 311, ensuring that the upper half of the outer arc surface of the support beams 310 on both sides is in contact with the tunnel wall; then, with the help of their respective adjustment mechanisms 330, the top block 332 is driven by the adjusting cylinder 331 to extend and press against the tunnel wall.

[0068] After the bottom of the support beam 310 is further pressed against the tunnel wall, the fixed bases 300 on both sides are anchored to the tunnel foundation by anchor bolts.

[0069] After fixing, the left support device 100 and the right support device 200 are respectively driven by their respective drive mechanisms 320. Specifically, the drive motor 321 drives the drive gear 322 to mesh with the pin shaft. The telescopic beam is guided from the top of the support beam 310 along its arc-shaped inner cavity and extends upward in a circumferential direction against the tunnel wall. The extension path of the telescopic beam is radially offset from the suspension areas of the contact wire, catenary, positive feeder, return line and other cables above the arch waist, so the risk of squeezing, hooking or interference is small.

[0070] When both the left telescopic beam 110 and the right telescopic beam 210 reach their docking positions, the grooves 111 and protrusions 211 at their tops interlock and overlap, and the root of the telescopic beam can be locked to the support beam 310 by pins passing through the first and second reserved holes. The left support device 100 and the right support device 200 thus form a closed load-bearing structure at the arch, quickly creating a temporary support system without obstructing existing cables or occupying the train clearance. The lower space enclosed by the closed structure is outside the train envelope, allowing train passage (see reference). Figure 1 ).

[0071] To improve the reliability of the connection with the existing lining, the fixing plates 340 on both sides can be fixed to the lining with brazing nails to further ensure the stability of the temporary support (see reference). Figure 10 ).

[0072] When multiple sets of the above-mentioned emergency support devices need to be installed on site, after each set of devices is installed, fixing screws can be connected to the fixing rings 314 on the two longitudinally adjacent support beams 310, so that multiple sets of emergency support devices are connected as one along the tunnel extension direction, thereby improving the overall reliability of the fixation.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0074] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An emergency support device for railway tunnels, characterized in that, It includes a left support device (100) and a right support device (200), each of which includes a fixed base (300), a support beam (310), a telescopic beam and a drive mechanism (320). The fixed base (300) is used to fix it to the tunnel foundation; The support beam (310) is a hollow arc-shaped rod, and its bottom end is fixed to the fixed base (300). The outer arc surface of the support beam (310) is used to fix it to the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel. The telescopic beam is in the shape of an arc rod, and its bottom end is inserted into the interior of the support beam (310) from the top end of the support beam (310). The outer arc surface of the telescopic beam is used to abut against the arc-shaped upper wall of the tunnel. The drive mechanism (320) is connected to the support beam (310) and the telescopic beam, and is used to drive the telescopic beam to or from the docking position relative to the support beam (310); The telescopic beam in the left support device (100) is the left telescopic beam (110), and the telescopic beam in the right support device (200) is the right telescopic beam (210). When both the left telescopic beam (110) and the right telescopic beam (210) are in the docking position, the top end of the left telescopic beam (110) and the top end of the right telescopic beam (210) are docked together.

2. The railway tunnel emergency support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the left telescopic beam (110) and the top of the right telescopic beam (210) are provided with a groove (111) and a boss (211). Driven by the drive mechanism (320), the groove (111) and the boss (211) can be engaged or disengaged.

3. The railway tunnel emergency support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top end of the support beam (310) is provided with a first reserved hole (312), and the bottom end of the telescopic beam is provided with a second reserved hole; When the telescopic beam is in the docking position, the first reserved hole (312) is directly opposite the second reserved hole, and the pin passes through the first reserved hole (312) and the second reserved hole.

4. The railway tunnel emergency support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left support device (100) and the right support device (200) both include a distance adjustment mechanism (330), which is located at the lower part of the support beam (310) and is used to abut against the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel.

5. The railway tunnel emergency support device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjusting mechanism (330) includes an adjusting cylinder (331) and a top block (332); The top block (332) is disposed on the outer arc surface of the support beam (310); The two ends of the adjusting cylinder (331) are respectively hinged to the top block (332) and the support beam (310) to drive the top block (332) to move relative to the support beam (310) so that the top block (332) abuts against the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel.

6. The railway tunnel emergency support device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top block (332) has anti-slip protrusions on one side for contacting the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel.

7. The railway tunnel emergency support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left support device (100) and the right support device (200) also include a fixing plate (340). The fixing plate (340) is connected to the support beam (310), and the support beam (310) is located in the middle area of ​​the fixing plate (340); The fixing plate (340) is used to fix the existing lining of the tunnel; The support beam (310) abuts against the arc-shaped sidewall of the tunnel.

8. The railway tunnel emergency support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the support beam (310) is provided with a connecting lug (313); The drive mechanism (320) includes a drive motor (321) and a pin gear transmission mechanism, wherein the drive motor (321) is disposed on the connecting lug (313). The pin-tooth transmission mechanism includes a drive gear (322) and a pin shaft row; The drive gear (322) is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor (321); The pin row includes multiple transmission pins (323), and each of the transmission pins (323) is arranged along the length direction of the telescopic beam; The drive gear (322) meshes with the pin shaft.

9. The railway tunnel emergency support device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The telescopic beam has a transmission groove (324) on its inner arc surface, and the transmission groove (324) extends along the length of the telescopic beam. Each of the aforementioned transmission pins (323) passes through the two side walls of the transmission groove (324).

10. The railway tunnel emergency support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner arc surface of the support beam (310) is provided with a gripping fixture (311), which is used for external robotic arms to grip. And / or, The railway tunnel emergency support device includes multiple pairs of left support devices (100) and right support devices (200), wherein a fixing ring (314) is provided on the longitudinal side of the support beam (310), and the fixing rings (314) on two longitudinally adjacent support beams (310) are connected by screws. And / or, The railway tunnel emergency support device also includes a power pack (400), which is disposed on the fixed base (300) and is used to provide power to the drive mechanism (320).

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