Multi-size material cyclone drying and classifying device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to coal drying technical field, disclose a kind of multi-particle size material cyclone drying grading device and method, device includes: air chamber and blast part being communicated with air chamber;Material cylinder is rotationally connected in air chamber, multiple first air ports are equipped on material cylinder, the side of multiple first air ports on material cylinder is that multiple second air ports corresponding with first air port are opened in first sieve sleeve, both sides of each first air port and second air port between sleeve and material cylinder are equipped with air deflector, two immediately adjacent air deflectors form air slit, each air slit is equipped with blade along the direction of air inlet, blade is used to make gas tangentially into material cylinder to form cyclone wind;Wind baffle is sleeved on sleeve, multiple air inlets are equipped on wind baffle;Air slit adjusting member is connected with wind baffle;Driving element is used to drive material cylinder to rotate;The present application is dried simultaneously, utilizes rotation centrifugal force and the adjustable particle size screen of cylinder wall simultaneously to realize the drying and grading of material, greatly reduce energy loss and environmental pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal drying technology, and in particular to a cyclone drying and grading device and method for multi-particle-size materials. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of the level of mechanization in coal mining and the increase in my country's coal mining volume, the coal drying process plays a crucial role in order to make full and efficient use of coal energy.

[0003] Traditional drying methods use blowers to directly inject swirling air, which is prone to uneven distribution and is only suitable for uniform medium to fine particles. It easily entrains fine powder and is prone to agglomeration and blockage of highly adhesive and moist materials. Large materials cannot form an effective swirling flow, resulting in uneven drying. Furthermore, high-power blowers are needed to maintain the swirling air velocity, leading to high air resistance and energy consumption. High-speed airflow and particle collision cause rapid equipment wear and increased maintenance costs. In addition, traditional coal drying and grading are handled by two separate systems, making the actual coal operation cumbersome, energy-intensive, and polluting. High-efficiency dust removal equipment is also required to handle entrained dust, placing high demands on equipment sealing and duct design, resulting in larger initial investment and floor space requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a multi-particle-scale material cyclone drying and classification device and method to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. The multi-particle-scale material cyclone drying and classification device can complete the drying and classification of materials with high efficiency and low pollution, greatly reducing energy loss and environmental pollution.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is: a multi-particle-size material cyclone drying and grading device, comprising an air chamber, a blower section communicating with the air chamber, and a feed cylinder disposed on one side of the length direction of the air chamber. The device includes: a material cylinder, a sleeve, a baffle, an air gap adjusting component, and a driving component. The material cylinder is horizontally disposed within the air chamber and rotatably connected to the air chamber. Multiple first air inlets are opened circumferentially along the length direction of the material cylinder. Screen holes are opened on the sides of the multiple first air inlets on the material cylinder to form a first screen plate. The feed cylinder extends through the air chamber into the material cylinder. The sleeve is fitted onto the material cylinder, and multiple second air inlets corresponding to the first air inlets are opened on the sleeve. Two guide plates are disposed within each corresponding first and second air inlet. The air guide plates are located on both sides of the length direction inside the first and second air inlets, respectively. The gap between the two air guide plates is an air slit for air intake. Each air slit is provided with blades along the air intake direction. The blades are used to make the gas blown into the air chamber by the blower enter the material cylinder tangentially, forming a swirling airflow in the material cylinder to dry the material. A reducing component connected to the first screen plate is provided between the sleeve and the material cylinder. The reducing component is used to adjust the screen aperture. A baffle is fitted on the sleeve. The baffle has multiple air inlets. An air slit adjustment component is connected to the baffle and is used to rotate the baffle so that the air inlets correspond to or are misaligned with the second air inlet, thereby adjusting the number of air slits open. A drive component is connected to the material cylinder to drive the material cylinder to rotate.

[0006] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the variable diameter component includes: a plurality of second screen plates, a plurality of sets of springs, and an aperture adjustment component. Each second screen plate is disposed on the outside of the first screen plate between the sleeve and the material cylinder. Both the first screen plate and the second screen plate are elastic screens. The two ends of each set of springs are respectively connected to the first screen plate and the second screen plate. The aperture adjustment component is connected to the plurality of second screen plates and is used to adjust the distance between the second screen plate and the first screen plate to adjust the extension and contraction of the springs, thereby realizing the adjustment of the screen aperture.

[0007] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, one sidewall guide plate of each of the air slits extends into the material cylinder, and the guide plate extending into the material cylinder is used to stir the material when the material cylinder rotates.

[0008] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, each of the first air inlets on the material cylinder is provided with a sieve hole, and the diameter of the sieve hole at each of the first air inlets is smaller than the diameter of the sieve hole in the first sieve plate.

[0009] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, each of the air gaps has multiple blades, the ends of the multiple blades are hinged to the outer wall of the material cylinder, a slide rail is provided between the material cylinder and the sleeve, a slider is slidably connected in the slide rail, a connecting rod is connected to the slider and passes through the air guide plate and is hinged to the multiple blades, a connecting ring is provided on the side of the slide rail, and a rotating ball is provided on the connecting ring and frictionally connected to the slider.

[0010] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the aperture adjusting member is provided in two sets, and the two sets of aperture adjusting members are respectively disposed at the beginning and end ends of the material cylinder. The aperture adjusting member includes: a rotating column, multiple connecting rods and a rotating drive member. The rotating column is disposed inside the material cylinder. The multiple connecting rods correspond one-to-one with the second sieve plate. One end of each connecting rod is hinged to the rotating column, and the other end passes through the first sieve plate and is hinged to the second sieve plate. When the springs are not under force, the connecting rods are tangent to the outer surface of the rotating column. The rotating drive member is connected to the rotating column and is used to drive the rotating column to rotate.

[0011] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, the air gap adjusting member is disposed on both sides of the wind deflector in the length direction of the air chamber. The air gap adjusting member includes a rotating adjusting member and a telescopic member connected to the rotating adjusting member. The rotating adjusting member is used to connect with the wind deflector to drive the wind deflector to rotate. The telescopic member is used to drive the rotating adjusting member to connect with the wind deflector or to disconnect the rotating adjusting member from the wind deflector.

[0012] In at least one embodiment of the present invention, there are two driving components, each of which is a motor. The two driving components are respectively disposed at the beginning and end of the windshield, and each driving component has a roller on its rotating shaft to drive the windshield to rotate.

[0013] This invention also proposes a method for cyclone drying and classifying multi-particulate materials, comprising the following steps: The device is set at an angle, with the side away from the feed cylinder tilted downwards; and material collection parts are set under the material cylinder on the side away from the feed cylinder and under the second screen plate, respectively; The material is tangentially fed into the material cylinder through the feed cylinder; The number of air gaps opened is adjusted by the air gap adjustment component, then the blower is started and the material cylinder is driven to rotate. During the rotation of the material cylinder, the blades in the air gap cause the gas blown into the air chamber by the blower to enter the material cylinder in a tangential direction, forming a swirling airflow inside the material cylinder to dry the material. At the same time, under the stirring action of the air guide plate, the material is greatly dispersed. Under the combined action of the swirling airflow formed by the air intake system and the centrifugal force of the rotating material cylinder wall, the moisture in the material is spun out and discharged. After the material is dried, the distance between the second sieve plate and the first sieve plate is adjusted by the aperture adjustment component to change the tension of the spring on the second sieve plate and the first sieve plate, thereby realizing the adjustment of the sieve aperture; so that particles smaller than the aperture size enter the classification chamber between the material cylinder and the second sieve plate, while particles larger than the aperture size remain in the material cylinder. With the device tilted, particles larger than the pore size and particles smaller than the pore size enter different material collection sections respectively.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In use, the multi-particle-size material cyclone drying and grading device proposed in this invention drives the material cylinder to rotate via a drive component. During the rotation of the material cylinder, the gas blown into the air chamber by the blower is tangentially introduced into the material cylinder by the action of the blades in the air slits, forming a cyclone within the material cylinder. Under the combined action of the cyclone and the centrifugal force of the rotating material cylinder wall, the moisture in the material is spun out and discharged. Simultaneously, during use, the air slit adjustment component drives the baffle to rotate, controlling the opening and closing of the air slits by the baffle. Thus, by controlling the number of air slits, the size of the cyclone is controlled. After adjustment and drying, the material is screened through a sieve plate. Compared with the traditional drying method of directly blowing swirling air in with a high-power blower, the gas enters the material cylinder evenly from each air gap, making the swirling air inside the material cylinder more uniform and achieving better drying of the material. It avoids the generation of large amounts of dust caused by high-speed airflow and the excessive wear of equipment. The device does not require dust treatment equipment, has a small overall footprint, and does not have excessively high requirements for the sealing performance and air duct design of the equipment. The material is screened simultaneously with drying, simplifying the process flow and improving drying uniformity and grading efficiency.

[0015] 2. This invention, by incorporating a first and second sieve plate with deformable capabilities, a spring located between the first and second sieve plates, and an aperture adjustment component consisting of a rotating column, multiple connecting rods, and a rotating drive component, allows the rotating column to rotate during operation. This rotation, via the connecting rods, changes the distance between the two sieve plates. When the two sieve plates move away from each other, the spring's tension pulls the apertures of the sieve plates smaller. When the two sieve plates move closer together, the spring tension disappears, and the apertures return to their original positions. Adjusting the distance between the two sieve plates controls the spring's extension length, thus achieving rapid aperture adjustment. Compared to existing multi-layer sieve processing methods with fixed apertures, this invention simultaneously achieves grading during the drying process, significantly saving time, effectively improving sieve efficiency, effectively preventing sieve blockage, and further suppressing dust pollution.

[0016] 3. By setting adjustable-angle blades in each air gap, the present invention allows air to enter the material cylinder at different angles during the use of the device by adjusting the angle of the blades in the air gap. Compared with using a blower to form a direct current, this increases the residence time of the air in the material cylinder and the drying time of the material. At the same time, the intensity of the rotation can increase the intensity of the air to ensure that the swirling air can fully dry the coal.

[0017] 4. By setting the guide plate on one side of the air gap to extend into the material cylinder, the guide plate extending into the material cylinder rotates with the material cylinder during the rotation process. This not only forms a tangential flow of airflow in the cylinder and strengthens the rotation trend of the vortex, but also disperses the accumulated material to reduce airflow obstruction, making the vortex air distribution more uniform and the flow more stable, thereby indirectly improving the vortex intensity and effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structural layout; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the equipment; Figure 3 for Figure 2 External perspective view of the section at point DE; Figure 4 The principle of controlling the number of air gaps Figure 1 ; Figure 5 The principle of controlling the number of air gaps Figure 2 ; Figure 6 The principle of controlling the number of air gaps Figure 3 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of sieve aperture adjustment; Figure 8 Diagram showing sieve plate distance adjustment Figure 1 ; Figure 9 Diagram showing sieve plate distance adjustment Figure 2 ; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Detailed structural diagram of the stroke seam and blade section.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Air chamber; 2. Material cylinder; 21. First screen plate; 3. Sleeve; 31. Air guide plate; 32. Air gap; 321. Blade; 322. Slide rail; 323. Slider; 324. Connecting rod; 325. Connecting ring; 326. Rotating ball; 4. Wind baffle; 5. Variable diameter component; 51. Second screen plate; 52. Spring; 53. Aperture adjustment component; 531. Rotating column; 532. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The accompanying drawings in this invention are not strictly drawn to scale, and the specific dimensions and quantity of each structure can be determined according to actual needs. The drawings described in this invention are merely structural schematic diagrams.

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "far," "near," "front," and "rear" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0023] Traditional drying methods use blowers to directly inject swirling air, which is prone to uneven distribution and is only suitable for uniform medium to fine particles. It easily entrains fine powder, and materials with strong adhesion and high moisture content tend to clump and clog. Large materials cannot form an effective swirling flow, resulting in uneven drying. Furthermore, high-power blowers are needed to maintain the swirling air velocity, leading to high air resistance and energy consumption. High-speed airflow and particle collision cause rapid equipment wear and increased maintenance costs. High-efficiency dust removal equipment is also required to handle entrained dust, otherwise it will pollute the environment. It also places high demands on the equipment's sealing and duct design, resulting in larger initial investment and floor space requirements. In addition, traditional grading methods rely on sieving or gravity classification, which is easily affected by material moisture and particle shape. Particle clogging of screen holes leads to a mixture of coarse and fine particles, affecting the grading effect. Vibrating screens or large grading machines require high-power generators, resulting in high energy consumption and hidden losses. Fine particles are lost significantly during sieving, grading adaptability is poor, screen holes are easily clogged, grading boundaries are blurred, and the grading particle size cannot be flexibly adjusted. Meanwhile, components such as screens and impellers wear out severely and require frequent replacement. The equipment is large, complex to install, and requires long downtime for maintenance, which affects the continuity of production.

[0024] This invention utilizes an adjustable number of air slits along the circumference of a rotating material cylinder, with guide vanes installed within these slits. This allows the blown-in gas to enter the cylinder tangentially, creating a uniform and controllable swirling airflow. Combined with the centrifugal force generated by the cylinder's rotation, this achieves efficient dehydration of the material. Simultaneously, a variable-aperture screen, consisting of elastic screen plates, springs, and an adjusting mechanism on the cylinder wall, allows for flexible particle size classification of the dried material by changing the spacing between the screen plates. The entire device integrates stirring, drying, and classification within a single rotating cylinder, effectively simplifying the process, reducing energy consumption and dust pollution, and solving problems such as uneven swirling airflow, high energy consumption, easy clogging of screens, and difficulty in flexible classification found in traditional equipment.

[0025] Combination Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a multi-particulate material cyclone drying and grading device includes an air chamber 1, a blower section communicating with the air chamber, and a feed cylinder disposed on one side of the length direction of the air chamber. Specifically, the feed cylinder may be a cylindrical body with an arc and through-ends at both ends. The device also includes: The material cylinder 2 is horizontally arranged in the air chamber 1 and is rotatably connected to the air chamber. Multiple first air vents are opened in the circumference of the material cylinder 2 along the length direction. Screen holes are opened on the sides of the multiple first air vents on the material cylinder 2 to form a first screen plate 21. The material is screened through the first screen plate 21. The feed cylinder passes through the air chamber 1 and extends into the material cylinder 2. The sleeve 3 is fitted onto the material cylinder 2. The sleeve has multiple second air inlets corresponding to the first air inlets. Each corresponding first air inlet and second air inlet has two guide plates 31. The two guide plates 31 are respectively located on the side of the first air inlet and the second air inlet along their length. The gap between the two guide plates 31 is an air slit 32 for air intake. Each air slit 32 has blades 321 along the air intake direction. The blades 321 are used to make the gas blown into the air chamber 1 by the blower enter the material cylinder 2 tangentially, forming a swirling airflow in the material cylinder 2 to dry the material. A variable diameter component 5 connected to the first screen plate 21 is provided between the sleeve 3 and the material cylinder 2. The variable diameter component 5 is used to adjust the screen hole diameter. The wind deflector 4 is mounted on the sleeve, and the wind deflector 4 is provided with multiple air inlets; The air gap adjustment component is connected to the wind baffle and is used to rotate the wind baffle 4 so that the air inlet corresponds to or is misaligned with the second air inlet, thereby adjusting the number of air gaps 32 that are open. The driving component is connected to the material cylinder 2 and is used to drive the material cylinder 2 to rotate so that the moisture in the material is spun out under the combined action of centrifugal force and swirling air.

[0026] This invention significantly simplifies the process flow and reduces equipment footprint and initial investment by integrating drying and grading into the same rotating cylinder. The synergistic effect of adjustable swirl air entering tangentially and uniformly, along with the centrifugal force of the cylinder, improves drying uniformity and efficiency while avoiding dust pollution and equipment wear caused by high-speed airflow. No additional dust removal equipment is required, reducing energy consumption and maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the combination of the variable diameter component 5 and the air gap adjustment component allows for flexible control of the screening particle size and airflow according to material characteristics, effectively preventing screen blockage and enhancing the device's adaptability to materials of different particle sizes and grading accuracy.

[0027] As an alternative embodiment, the variable diameter component 5 includes: multiple second screen plates 51, multiple sets of springs 52, and an aperture adjustment component 53. Each second screen plate 51 is disposed on the outside of the first screen plate 21 between the sleeve 3 and the material cylinder 2. The two ends of each set of springs 52 are respectively connected to the first screen plate 21 and the second screen plate 51. The aperture adjustment component 53 is connected to the multiple second screen plates 51 and is used to adjust the distance between the second screen plates 51 and the first screen plate 21 to adjust the extension and retraction of the springs 52, thereby realizing the adjustment of the screen aperture. Specifically, both the first screen plate 21 and the second screen plate 51 are elastic screens. Specifically, the first screen plate... The first screen plate 21 and the second screen plate 51 are made of polyurethane. The use of polyurethane gives the first screen plate 21 and the second screen plate 51 high elasticity, wear resistance, and anti-clogging properties. The aperture size dynamically changes with vibration and material pressure (3mm~25mm). When the distance between the first screen plate 21 and the second screen plate 51 increases, the first screen plate 21 and the second screen plate 51 deform and stretch due to the pulling force of the spring 52, causing the aperture size to decrease. When the first screen plate 21 and the second screen plate 51 are not under the pulling force of the spring 52, they return to their original shape due to their own elasticity. The extension length of the spring 52 is controlled by adjusting the distance between the two screen plates, thereby adjusting the aperture size of the first screen plate 21 and the second screen plate 51.

[0028] As an alternative embodiment, one side wall guide plate 31 of each air slit 32 extends into the material cylinder 2. The guide plate 31 extending into the material cylinder 2 rotates with the material cylinder 2, which not only forms a tangential guide for the airflow in the material cylinder 2 and strengthens the rotation trend of the vortex, but also disperses the accumulated material to reduce airflow obstruction, making the vortex air distribution more uniform and the flow more stable, thereby indirectly improving the vortex intensity and effect.

[0029] As an alternative embodiment, the air gap adjusting components are arranged on both sides of the wind baffle 4 along its length within the air chamber 1. The air gap adjusting components include a rotating adjusting component and a telescopic component connected to the rotating adjusting component. The rotating adjusting component is used to connect to the wind baffle 4 to drive the wind baffle 4 to rotate, and the telescopic component is used to connect or disconnect the rotating adjusting component from the wind baffle 4. Specifically, the telescopic component is an electric push rod fixed within the air chamber 1, and the rotating adjusting component is a motor with a friction wheel. Specifically, the spacing between the air inlets on the wind baffle 4 is different. Figures 4 to 6 As shown, Figure 4 The top three air slits 32 (A, B, and C) are all open. When the entire baffle 4 rotates clockwise to the middle position in the diagram, opening C is completely blocked by the baffle, preventing the swirling air from entering. Openings A and B remain open, allowing air to enter only through openings A and B, thus reducing the number of air slits 32. When the baffle 4 continues to rotate clockwise to the bottom position in the diagram, openings B and C are completely blocked, leaving only opening A open, thus minimizing the number of air slits 32. This allows for changes in the number of air slits 32. In actual production, different rotation angles (e.g., 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees, etc.) can be set to correspond to different numbers of air slits 32 open (3, 6, 9, etc.). When there is a need to adjust the number of air slits 32, the baffle 4 can be rotated to the corresponding angle directly through the rotating adjustment component, quickly switching the number of air slits 32.

[0030] As an alternative embodiment, each of the first air inlets on the material cylinder 2 is provided with a screen hole, and the diameter of the screen hole at each first air inlet is smaller than the diameter of the screen hole on the first screen plate 21. Specifically, the screen hole at the first air inlet is a fine screen hole. The setting of the fine screen hole at this location can block the material from entering the air gap 32 without affecting the air intake, thus avoiding the occurrence of blockage in the air gap 32.

[0031] As an alternative embodiment, each air gap 32 has multiple blades 321, the ends of which are hinged to the outer wall of the material cylinder 2. A slide rail 322 is provided between the material cylinder 2 and the sleeve 3, and a slider 323 is slidably connected inside the slide rail 322. A connecting rod 324 that passes through the air guide plate 31 and is hinged to the slider 323 is connected to the slider 323. A connecting ring 325 is provided on the side of the slide rail 322, and a rotating ball 326 that is frictionally connected to the slider 323 is provided on the connecting ring 325. When the angle of the blades 321 needs to be adjusted, the connecting ring 325 drives the rotating ball 326 to rotate. The rotating ball 326 rotates, and the friction of the rotating ball 326 drives the slider 323 to move, so that the slider 323 pulls multiple blades 321 through the connecting rod 324. Since the ends of the blades 321 are connected to the outer wall of the material cylinder 2, the pulling of the connecting rod 324 can cause the multiple blades 321 to deflect at an angle. Specifically, the connecting ring 325 does not pass through the rotating ball 326 and the air gap 32, but is higher than the rotating ball 326 and the air gap 32, passing through it from above, and there is a positional deviation between the rotating ball 326 and the air gap. The adjustment angle of each blade 321 in the air gap 32 is 8°~12°. The arrangement of the blades 321 in each air gap 32 allows the air to enter the material cylinder 2 at different angles. Compared with using a blower to form a direct current, this increases the residence time of the air in the material cylinder 2 and the drying time of the material, so as to complete the coal drying.

[0032] As an alternative embodiment, the aperture adjusting member 53 is provided in two sets, with the two sets of aperture adjusting members 53 respectively disposed at the beginning and end of the material cylinder 2. The aperture adjusting member 53 includes: a rotating column 531, multiple connecting rods 532, and a rotating drive member. The rotating column 531 is disposed inside the material cylinder 2; the multiple connecting rods 532 correspond one-to-one with the second screen plate 51, with one end of each connecting rod 532 hinged to the rotating column 531, and the other end passing through the first screen plate 21 and hinged to the second screen plate 51; when the springs 52 are not under force, the connecting rods 532 are tangent to the outer surface of the rotating column 531; the rotating drive member is connected to the rotating column 531 and is used to drive the rotating column 531 to rotate; further, as Figure 9 As shown, if you want to increase the aperture, you need to control the rotating column 531 to rotate clockwise. The connecting rod 532 changes from being tangent to the rotating column 531 to being perpendicular. Under the action of the connecting rod 532, the first screen plate 21 and the second screen plate 51 move away from each other, the spring 52 is stretched, and the two ends of the spring 52 have tension. At the same time, the screen holes on the first screen plate 21 and the second screen plate 51 become smaller due to the tension.

[0033] As an alternative embodiment, there are two driving components, which are motors. The two driving components are respectively located at the beginning and end of the wind deflector 4. Each driving component has a roller on its shaft to drive the wind deflector 4 to rotate.

[0034] This invention also proposes a method for cyclone drying and classifying multi-particulate materials, comprising the following steps: The device is tilted so that the side away from the feed cylinder tilts downward; and material collection parts are respectively set below the material cylinder 2 on the side away from the feed cylinder and below the second screen plate 51. The material is loaded into material cylinder 2 through the feed cylinder; The number of air gaps 32 opened is adjusted by the air gap adjustment component, and then the blower is started and the material cylinder 2 is driven to rotate. During the rotation of the material cylinder 2, the blades 321 in the air gap 32 cause the blower to blow the gas into the air chamber 1, which enters the material cylinder 2 in a tangential direction, forming a swirling airflow in the material cylinder 2 to dry the material. At the same time, under the stirring action of the air guide plate 31, the material is greatly dispersed. Under the combined action of the swirling airflow and the centrifugal force of the rotating cylinder wall of the material cylinder 2, the moisture in the material is spun out and discharged. After the material is dried, the distance between the second screen plate 51 and the first screen plate 21 is adjusted by the aperture adjustment component 53 to change the tension of the spring 52 on the second screen plate 51 and the first screen plate 21, thereby realizing the adjustment of the screen aperture; so that particles smaller than the aperture size enter the classification chamber between the material cylinder 2 and the second screen plate 51, while particles larger than the aperture size remain in the material cylinder 2 until the material is screened. Under the tilting action of the device, particles larger than the aperture and particles smaller than the aperture enter different material collection sections respectively, so that they are collected separately when materials of different particle sizes are discharged from the equipment; specifically, the material collection section can be a guide plate and a material collection container communicating with the guide plate.

[0035] The above embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions implemented in the present invention, and should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-particulate material cyclone drying and grading device, comprising an air chamber, a blower section communicating with the air chamber, and a feed cylinder disposed on one side of the length direction of the air chamber, characterized in that, Also includes: The material cylinder is horizontally arranged in the air chamber and rotatably connected to the air chamber. Multiple first air vents are opened in the circumferential direction along the length of the material cylinder. Screen holes are opened on the sides of the multiple first air vents on the material cylinder to form a first screen plate. The feed cylinder extends into the material cylinder through the air chamber. A sleeve is fitted onto a material cylinder. The sleeve has multiple second air vents corresponding to the first air vent. Each corresponding first and second air vent contains two guide vanes, which are respectively positioned on opposite sides along the length of the first and second air vents. The gap between the two guide vanes forms an air slit for air intake. Each air slit contains blades along the air intake direction. These blades direct the gas blown into the air chamber by the blower into the material cylinder tangentially, creating a swirling airflow within the material cylinder to dry the material. A variable diameter component connected to a first sieve plate is provided between the sleeve and the material cylinder. This variable diameter component is used to adjust the sieve aperture. A windshield is fitted onto a sleeve, and the windshield is provided with multiple air inlets; The air gap adjustment component is connected to the wind deflector and is used to rotate the wind deflector so that the air inlet corresponds to or is misaligned with the second air outlet, thereby adjusting the number of air gaps that can be opened. The drive unit is connected to the material cylinder and is used to drive the material cylinder to rotate.

2. The multi-particle-size material cyclone drying and classification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The variable diameter component includes: Multiple second screen plates are provided, each second screen plate being disposed outside the first screen plate between the sleeve and the material cylinder; both the first screen plate and the second screen plate are elastic screens. Multiple sets of springs, with each set of springs having its two ends connected to the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate, respectively; An aperture adjustment component, connected to multiple second sieve plates, is used to adjust the distance between the second sieve plate and the first sieve plate to adjust the extension and contraction of the spring, thereby achieving adjustment of the sieve aperture.

3. The multi-particulate material cyclone drying and classification device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, One sidewall guide plate of each of the air slits extends into the material cylinder, and the guide plate extending into the material cylinder is used to stir the material when the material cylinder rotates.

4. The multi-particulate material cyclone drying and classification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the first air inlets on the material cylinder is provided with a sieve hole, and the diameter of the sieve hole at each of the first air inlets is smaller than the diameter of the sieve hole in the first sieve plate.

5. The multi-particulate material cyclone drying and classification device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned air gaps has multiple blades, the ends of which are hinged to the outer wall of the material cylinder. A slide rail is provided between the material cylinder and the sleeve, and a slider is slidably connected inside the slide rail. A connecting rod that passes through the air guide plate and is hinged to the multiple blades is connected to the slider. A connecting ring is provided on the side of the slide rail, and a rotating ball that is rubbed against the slider is provided on the connecting ring.

6. The multi-particle-size material cyclone drying and classification device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The aperture adjusting component is provided in two sets, and the two sets of aperture adjusting components are respectively arranged at the beginning and end ends of the material cylinder. Each aperture adjusting component includes: A rotating column is installed inside the material cylinder; Multiple connecting rods correspond one-to-one with multiple second sieve plates. One end of each connecting rod is hinged to the rotating column, and the other end passes through the first sieve plate and is hinged to the second sieve plate. When each spring is not under force, the connecting rod is tangent to the outer surface of the rotating column. A rotary drive component, connected to a rotating column, is used to drive the rotating column to rotate.

7. The multi-particulate material cyclone drying and classification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air gap adjusting component is disposed on both sides of the wind baffle in the air chamber along its length. The air gap adjusting component includes a rotating adjusting component and a telescopic component connected to the rotating adjusting component. The rotating adjusting component is used to connect with the wind baffle to drive the wind baffle to rotate. The telescopic component is used to drive the rotating adjusting component to connect with the wind baffle or to disconnect the rotating adjusting component from the wind baffle.

8. The multi-particulate material cyclone drying and classification device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit is provided in two parts, which are motors. The two drive units are respectively located at the beginning and end of the wind deflector. Each drive unit has a roller on its rotating shaft to drive the wind deflector to rotate.

9. A method for cyclone drying and classifying multi-particulate materials, based on the cyclone drying and classifying device for multi-particulate materials as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The device is tilted so that the side away from the feed cylinder tilts downward; and material collection parts are respectively set below the material cylinder on the side away from the feed cylinder and below the second screen plate; The material is loaded into the material cylinder through the feed cylinder; The number of air gaps opened is adjusted by the air gap adjustment component, then the blower is started and the material cylinder is driven to rotate. During the rotation of the material cylinder, the blades in the air gap cause the gas blown into the air chamber by the blower to enter the material cylinder in a tangential direction, forming a swirling airflow inside the material cylinder to dry the material. At the same time, under the stirring action of the air guide plate, the material inside the material cylinder is stirred and dispersed. Under the combined action of the swirling airflow and the centrifugal force of the rotating material cylinder wall, the moisture in the material is spun out and discharged. After the material is dried, the distance between the second screen plate and the first screen plate is adjusted by the aperture adjustment component to change the tension of the spring on the second screen plate and the first screen plate, so that the second screen plate and the first screen plate are deformed and the aperture changes, thereby allowing particles smaller than the aperture size to enter the material cylinder and the space between the second screen plate, while particles larger than the aperture size remain in the material cylinder. With the device tilted, particles larger than the pore size and particles smaller than the pore size enter different material collection sections respectively.

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