Method for evaluating mechanical degradation state of primary and secondary fused column circuit breaker

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of mechanical degradation state evaluation method of primary-secondary fusion pole circuit breaker, it is related to the field of power equipment condition monitoring, comprising: obtaining the action time, ambient temperature and driving coil current waveform in the operation process of primary-secondary fusion pole circuit breaker;The action time is divided into multiple action sub-periods;Temperature compensation is carried out to the action time of each action sub-period based on the temperature response relationship characterized by the historical data table of reference operating cycle, to obtain normalized action time;In the same preset temperature interval, compare the normalized action time of the current and reference operating cycle to extract irreversible degradation residual;Based on the irreversible degradation residual of each action sub-period, the mechanical degradation state of operating mechanism is evaluated.The application realizes the effective decoupling of temperature reversible influence and mechanical irreversible degradation, without adding hardware, can accurately identify the degradation state and eliminate false alarm at low temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment condition monitoring technology, specifically a method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the condition monitoring of the operating mechanism of primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers, a fixed temperature coefficient is usually used to compensate for the action time, or a fixed tolerance threshold is used as the basis for alarm.

[0003] However, fixed temperature coefficients can only reflect reversible performance fluctuations caused by changes in ambient temperature, and cannot identify irreversible mechanical degradation such as grease aging. Fixed tolerance criteria conflate reversible temperature effects with irreversible mechanical degradation, easily leading to false alarms in low-temperature environments and making it difficult to detect degradation in its early stages because the operating time has not yet exceeded limits. Furthermore, existing online identification solutions often rely on additional sensors, conflicting with the maintenance-free and solid-encapsulated design principles of primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an evaluation method that can effectively decouple reversible temperature effects from irreversible mechanical degradation and accurately locate degradation stages without adding new hardware. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker, comprising: The operating time, ambient temperature, and drive coil current waveform of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker are obtained during operation. The action time is divided into multiple action sub-time periods; Based on the temperature response relationship represented by the historical action data of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker in the reference operating cycle, temperature compensation is performed on the action time of each action sub-period in the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle to obtain the corresponding normalized action time. Within the same preset temperature range, the normalized action time of the current operating cycle is compared with the normalized action time of the reference operating cycle, and the irreversible degradation residual of each action sub-period is extracted. The mechanical degradation state of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism is evaluated based on the irreversible degradation residuals of each of the aforementioned action sub-time periods.

[0006] Furthermore, dividing the action time into multiple action sub-time periods includes: The action time is divided into an electromagnetic delay period, a tripping period, a transmission idle period, and a travel period.

[0007] Furthermore, the division of the action time into an electromagnetic delay period, a tripping period, a transmission idle period, and a travel period includes: Acquire the drive coil current waveform and auxiliary switch position signal of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker; Based on the characteristic inflection point of the drive coil current waveform and the auxiliary switch position signal, the boundaries of the electromagnetic delay period, the tripping period, the transmission idle period, and the travel period are determined. The characteristic inflection points include the starting point of current rise, the current plateau, the current drop point caused by the movement of the iron core, and the point of secondary current change caused by the disengagement of the brake.

[0008] Furthermore, based on the temperature response relationship characterized by the historical action data of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breakers within the reference operating cycle, temperature compensation is performed on the action time of each action sub-period within the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle to obtain the corresponding normalized action time, including: The normalized action time is obtained by subtracting the response value of the temperature response relationship at the difference between the ambient temperature and the reference temperature from the action time of each of the action sub-periods. Within the same preset temperature range, the normalized action time of the current operating cycle is compared with the normalized action time of the baseline operating cycle, and the irreversible degradation residual of each action sub-period is extracted, including: The normalized action time of the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle are respectively divided into the corresponding preset temperature ranges; The irreversible degradation residual is obtained by calculating the difference between the normalized action time representative value of the current operating cycle and the normalized action time representative value of the reference operating cycle within the same preset temperature range.

[0009] Furthermore, the temperature range of the preset temperature range is 2°C to 4°C; The normalized action time representative value is the median of multiple normalized action times within the preset temperature range; The method further includes: The drift rate is calculated for the sequence of the irreversible degenerate residuals as a function of the cumulative number of actions or the running time. The seasonal variations that recur throughout the year and recover across years are removed from the irreversible degradation residuals.

[0010] Furthermore, the assessment of the mechanical degradation state of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism based on the irreversible degradation residuals of each of the aforementioned action sub-time periods includes: When the irreversible degradation residual during the electromagnetic delay period increases and is related to the characteristics of the power supply voltage and coil current, it is determined that the coil or control power supply is deteriorating. When the irreversible degradation residual during the travel period increases and changes in the same direction under each of the ambient temperatures, it is determined that the spring output force is decreasing. When the tripping period occurs within the same preset temperature range, and a sudden change or fluctuation occurs that is not related to the trend of the irreversible degradation residual, it is determined to be a brake wear. When the irreversible degradation residuals during the tripping period and the transmission idle period increase in the same direction, accompanied by a steeper temperature response slope and increased time dispersion, while the irreversible degradation residuals during the electromagnetic delay period remain unchanged, it is determined that the grease is aging.

[0011] Furthermore, after determining that the lubricating grease is aged, the method further includes: Based on the drift rate of the irreversible degradation residual during the tripping period and the transmission idle period, and the change of the temperature response slope at the low temperature end, the action time of each action sub-period at the lowest temperature is extrapolated and summed to obtain the predicted value of the total action time at the lowest temperature. The difference between the upper limit of the allowed action time and the predicted total action time at the lowest temperature is used as the action margin; Based on the drift rate, calculate the time it takes for the action margin to drop to the set safety margin, and combine this with the constraint of completing intervention before winter, output a suggested intervention window.

[0012] This application also proposes a device for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the operating time, ambient temperature, and drive coil current waveform of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker during operation. The time period segmentation module is used to divide the action time into multiple action sub-time periods; The temperature compensation module is used to perform temperature compensation on the action time of each action sub-period in the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle based on the temperature response relationship represented by the historical action data of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker in the reference operating cycle, so as to obtain the corresponding normalized action time. The residual extraction module is used to compare the normalized action time of the current operating cycle with the normalized action time of the reference operating cycle within the same preset temperature range, and extract the irreversible degradation residual of each action sub-period. The status assessment module is used to assess the mechanical degradation status of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism based on the irreversible degradation residuals of each of the said action sub-time periods.

[0013] This application also provides a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker, including a solid-sealed pole, an operating mechanism, a current transformer, and a control terminal; The control terminal includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program implements the mechanical degradation status assessment method for the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

[0014] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the aforementioned methods for assessing the mechanical degradation state of a primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This application establishes a temperature response relationship based on historical data of the equipment's own baseline operating cycle and performs normalization compensation. Combined with cross-operating cycle comparisons within the same preset temperature range to extract irreversible degradation residuals, it achieves effective decoupling of the reversible influence of ambient temperature and the irreversible degradation of mechanical performance from a mechanistic perspective. This fundamentally eliminates the false alarm problem caused by seasonal temperature differences and can keenly detect early degradation signs before the operating time exceeds a fixed tolerance threshold. Furthermore, by dividing the total operating time into multiple physically meaningful sub-periods and constructing a joint criterion by combining the changing trends of residuals in each sub-period, temperature response slope, and dispersion, it can accurately distinguish different degradation modes such as grease aging, spring force attenuation, coil or power supply deterioration, and brake wear, giving the evaluation results clear physical orientation. Based on this, by extrapolating the operating time at the lowest design temperature and quantifying the operating margin, combined with maintenance time constraints to output suggested intervention windows, the state evaluation results are transformed into executable maintenance decisions, effectively preventing the risk of low-temperature failure to operate and improving the reliability of the power distribution network. The entire solution only needs to utilize the existing drive coil current, auxiliary switch position and ambient temperature signals of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker. No new sensors or disassembly equipment are required. It is fully compatible with the current technical status of maintenance-free products such as primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers. It has the advantages of zero hardware modification, low cost and easy deployment, and is suitable for the intelligent upgrading and large-scale application of existing equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the mechanical degradation state assessment method according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker. This method achieves a precise quantitative assessment of the health status of the operating mechanism by decoupling reversible performance fluctuations caused by ambient temperature from the irreversible aging of the mechanical components themselves. Specifically, the method includes the following steps: Step S100: Acquire the operating time, ambient temperature, and drive coil current waveform of the integrated primary and secondary pole-mounted circuit breaker during operation. Specifically, these data all originate from the integrated sensing unit and control terminal of the integrated primary and secondary pole-mounted circuit breaker itself, without the need for additional external displacement sensors or high-speed camera equipment. For example, the operating time can be obtained by recording the time difference between the issuance of the opening and closing command and the change of the auxiliary switch; the ambient temperature can be acquired in real time by a temperature sensor installed inside or outside the mechanism box; and the drive coil current waveform is recorded by a sampling resistor or Hall transformer connected in series in the control circuit. This data acquisition method based on the equipment's own signals ensures that the evaluation scheme is naturally compatible with the hardware architecture of maintenance-free products such as the integrated primary and secondary pole-mounted circuit breaker, avoiding the insulation risks and maintenance costs caused by modifying the primary equipment.

[0019] Step S200 involves dividing the operating time into multiple sub-periods. Specifically, the single opening and closing operation of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker is not a transient process, but a sequential process consisting of multiple physical stages connected in series, such as electromagnetic excitation, mechanical unlocking, transmission chain movement, and contact travel. By decomposing the total operating time into multiple sub-periods according to physical mechanisms, factors such as electrical delay, frictional resistance, and spring force, which are mixed together, can be separated in the time domain. It should be understood that although this embodiment does not limit the specific number and names of segments, in actual engineering implementation, the granularity of the segments should be sufficient to distinguish different mechanical functional links, so that the degradation characteristics of specific links can be analyzed independently, thereby avoiding the problem of ambiguous fault location caused by the general total time exceeding the limit.

[0020] Step S300: Based on the temperature response relationship represented by the historical operating data of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker within the reference operating cycle, temperature compensation is performed on the operating time of each operating sub-period within the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle to obtain the corresponding normalized operating time. The reference operating cycle refers to the historical data accumulation period during the initial operation of the equipment, encompassing a complete seasonal temperature difference cycle. The data within this cycle reflects the inherent pattern of the equipment's operating time changing with ambient temperature under healthy conditions. The temperature response relationship is a functional relationship characterizing the individual thermodynamic properties of the specific equipment, established based on the data from this reference period, rather than a factory-preset universal fixed coefficient. The essence of normalization is to use this individualized response relationship to map the operating time measured under different ambient temperatures to a unified reference temperature coordinate system. In this way, reversible interference factors such as environmental thermal expansion and contraction and changes in lubricating grease viscosity caused by seasonal changes or diurnal temperature differences can be effectively eliminated, allowing subsequent comparisons to focus only on substantial changes in mechanical performance.

[0021] Step S400: Within the same preset temperature range, the normalized action time of the current operating cycle is compared with the normalized action time of the reference operating cycle, and the irreversible degradation residual of each action sub-period is extracted. Specifically, although normalization has been performed, direct comparison at a single temperature point may still have deviations due to material nonlinearity and measurement noise. Therefore, this step introduces a preset temperature range as a comparison window to ensure that the current data and the reference data are under highly consistent thermodynamic conditions. The difference calculated within this window is the physical quantity that purely reflects the cumulative deterioration of mechanical properties after deducting the temperature effect, and is called the irreversible degradation residual. This residual has monotonically cumulative properties and will not recover as the ambient temperature rises, thus fundamentally solving the false alarm problem caused by reversible changes at low temperatures in traditional methods, and can keenly capture early degradation signs before the action time exceeds the fixed tolerance threshold.

[0022] Step S500: Based on the irreversible degradation residuals of each action sub-period, assess the mechanical degradation state of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism. Specifically, since the impact patterns of degradation of different mechanical components on the residuals of each sub-period vary, by analyzing the magnitude, trend, and combination characteristics of the residuals of each sub-period, the specific location and type of degradation can be inferred. For example, if the residual of a certain sub-period increases significantly while other periods remain stable, it can be determined that the mechanical component corresponding to that period has experienced wear or jamming; if the residuals of multiple related periods show coordinated changes and are accompanied by changes in temperature sensitivity, it may indicate systemic degradation such as lubricant aging. This assessment mechanism based on multi-dimensional residual characteristics achieves a leap from single alarms to refined diagnosis, providing a reliable physical basis for differentiated operation and maintenance decisions.

[0023] As one implementation method, the action time is divided into multiple sub-periods, including: an electromagnetic delay period, a tripping period, a transmission idle period, and a stroke period. Specifically, this four-segment division is a refined modeling of the physical process of the spring-operated mechanism. The electromagnetic delay period corresponds to the stage from the energization of the drive coil to the start of movement of the iron core, mainly reflecting the electrical characteristics of the electromagnetic circuit and the static friction state of the iron core; the tripping period corresponds to the stage from the start of movement of the iron core to the disengagement of the catch, during which the iron core overcomes resistance and impacts the tripping mechanism, and its duration is extremely sensitive to the lubrication state and catch wear; the transmission idle period corresponds to the stage from the disengagement of the catch to the start of movement of the moving contact, reflecting the clearance and friction of the linkage transmission chain; the stroke period corresponds to the stage from the start of movement of the moving contact to its final position, mainly affected by the spring output characteristics and the resistance of the contact system. By decoupling the total action time into these four sub-time periods with clear physical boundaries, the mixed electrical, mechanical, lubrication and other factors can be separated in the time domain, so that the subsequent state assessment can accurately locate the specific mechanical function link, rather than making a general judgment on the overall timeout.

[0024] Furthermore, to achieve precise segmentation of the aforementioned time periods, the operating time is divided into an electromagnetic delay period, a tripping period, a transmission idle period, and a travel period. This includes: acquiring the drive coil current waveform and auxiliary switch position signal of the integrated primary and secondary pole-mounted circuit breaker; determining the boundaries of the electromagnetic delay period, tripping period, transmission idle period, and travel period based on the characteristic inflection points of the drive coil current waveform and the auxiliary switch position signal; wherein, the characteristic inflection points include the current rise start point, the current plateau, the current drop point caused by the core movement, and the secondary current change point caused by the derailment tripping. Specifically, this segmentation mechanism relies entirely on the existing sensing signals of the integrated primary and secondary pole-mounted circuit breaker itself, without the need for additional displacement sensors or high-speed camera equipment, thus perfectly adapting to the maintenance-free, solidly integrated product form of the integrated primary and secondary pole-mounted circuit breaker. In engineering implementation, the current rise begins when the coil circuit is connected, marking the start of the electromagnetic delay period. The current then plateaus, indicating the core has not yet moved and the inductance remains unchanged. When the core begins to move, the air gap decreases, leading to an increase in inductance. The induced electromotive force causes a significant drop in current at this inflection point, which marks the end of the electromagnetic delay period and the start of the tripping period. As the core continues to move until it strikes the stop and disengages, the sudden change in mechanical load causes a secondary change in the current waveform, marking the end of the tripping and the start of the transmission idle. Finally, the timing of the auxiliary switch position signal precisely corresponds to the moving contact being in place, marking the end of the travel period. It should be understood that although this embodiment uses a typical waveform of a spring-operated mechanism as an example, this approach of inferring the mechanical action boundary based on the inflection point of the electrical signal characteristic is essentially a soft measurement technique utilizing the equipment's own information. For other types of operating mechanisms, as long as a similar electromechanical coupling process exists, the time period can be divided by identifying the corresponding waveform characteristics.

[0025] After the time period division is completed, the data needs to be standardized to eliminate environmental interference. Based on the temperature response relationship represented by the historical action data of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker within the reference operating cycle, temperature compensation is performed on the action time of each action sub-period within the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle to obtain the corresponding normalized action time. This includes subtracting the response value of the temperature response relationship at the difference between the ambient temperature and the reference temperature from the action time of each action sub-period to obtain the normalized action time. Specifically, this normalization process can be characterized by the following formula:

[0026] in, Indicates the normalized motion time. Indicates the actual measured motion time. This indicates the measured ambient temperature. This indicates the preset reference temperature (e.g., 20℃). This represents the temperature response function obtained by fitting data from a baseline operating cycle. Instead of a factory-preset universal coefficient, this is an individualized thermodynamic fingerprint established by each piece of equipment after undergoing a complete seasonal temperature cycle during its initial operation. It truly reflects the reversible variation of the operating time of that specific piece of equipment at different temperatures. Through subtraction, the measured time under different thermodynamic states is actually mapped to a unified reference temperature coordinate system, thereby removing the reversible components caused by thermal expansion and contraction of materials, temperature changes in lubricating grease viscosity, etc., and retaining information purely determined by the evolution of mechanical properties.

[0027] Based on this, within the same preset temperature range, the normalized action time of the current operating cycle is compared with the normalized action time of the reference operating cycle to extract the irreversible degradation residual for each action sub-period. This includes: dividing the normalized action time of the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle into corresponding preset temperature ranges; calculating the difference between the representative value of the normalized action time of the current operating cycle and the representative value of the normalized action time of the reference operating cycle within the same preset temperature range to obtain the irreversible degradation residual. Specifically, although normalization processing has been performed, single-point comparisons may still have deviations due to material nonlinearity and measurement noise. Therefore, this embodiment introduces a preset temperature range as a comparison window to ensure that the current data and the reference data participating in the comparison are under highly consistent thermodynamic conditions. Within this window, the representative value of the current cycle is subtracted from the representative value of the reference period, and the resulting difference is the irreversible degradation residual. The physical meaning of this residual is clear: it represents the cumulative degradation of the equipment's purely mechanical properties relative to its own healthy baseline period after deducting all known temperature effects. Because the comparison is made within the same temperature window, any residual difference can only be attributed to irreversible changes in the equipment's internal state, thus fundamentally solving the false alarm problem caused by reversible changes at low temperatures in traditional methods.

[0028] To further enhance the robustness and accuracy of the assessment, the preset temperature range is 2°C to 4°C. The normalized action time is represented by the median of multiple normalized action times within the preset temperature range. The method also includes: calculating the drift rate of the irreversible degradation residuals as a function of the cumulative number of actions or running time; and removing seasonal variations that recur throughout the year and recover across years from the irreversible degradation residuals. Specifically, choosing a window width of 2°C to 4°C represents the optimal engineering balance between ensuring temperature similarity and having sufficient statistical samples within the window; too wide a window can introduce errors due to inconsistent temperature conditions, while too narrow a window can lead to statistical failure due to sparse samples. The median, rather than the mean, is used as the representative value because the median naturally suppresses occasional anomalous disturbances and more robustly represents the typical level of the temperature range. After obtaining the residual sequence, the drift rate is calculated using methods such as linear regression or moving average to quantify the rate of degradation. More importantly, this embodiment introduces a cross-year restorative testing mechanism: if a residual change fluctuates seasonally throughout the year and recovers to its original level in the same season of the following year, it is determined to be a seasonally reversible fluctuation and is removed; only those components that do not recover across years and show a monotonous cumulative trend are confirmed as truly irreversible degradation. This cleaning strategy ensures that the residual data ultimately used for condition assessment strictly conforms to the physical laws of mechanical aging, avoiding misjudging periodic environmental disturbances as equipment failures, and providing a high-confidence data foundation for subsequent operation and maintenance decisions.

[0029] As one implementation method, the mechanical degradation state of the operating mechanism of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker is evaluated based on the irreversible degradation residuals of each action sub-period. This includes: when the irreversible degradation residual of the electromagnetic delay period increases and is related to the characteristics of the power supply voltage and coil current, it is determined to be coil or control power supply deterioration; when the irreversible degradation residual of the travel period increases and changes in the same direction under various ambient temperatures, it is determined to be spring force attenuation; when abrupt changes or jitters that are unrelated to the trend of irreversible degradation residual change occur in the same preset temperature range during the tripping period, it is determined to be stop wear; when the irreversible degradation residuals of the tripping period and the transmission idle period increase in the same direction, accompanied by a steeper temperature response slope and increased time dispersion, while the irreversible degradation residual of the electromagnetic delay period remains unchanged, it is determined to be grease aging. Specifically, this embodiment constructs a rule matching system based on physical characteristics. Through the joint criteria of multi-dimensional residual characteristics, different degradation modes mixed in the total action time are decoupled and accurately located. Regarding coil or control power supply degradation, since the electromagnetic delay period t1 mainly depends on the circuit resistance, inductance, and driving voltage, when the residual increases during this period and a drop in control power supply voltage or abnormal coil current waveform amplitude is observed simultaneously, mechanical factors can be ruled out, and the problem can be attributed to a decline in electrical circuit performance. Regarding spring output attenuation, during the stroke period t4, the main spring releases energy to drive the contact movement. Fatigue aging of the spring material leads to a decrease in output, manifested as a consistent monotonically increasing residual in t4 across all temperature ranges, unlike lubrication issues which exhibit significant temperature sensitivity differences. Regarding stopper wear, the tripping period t2 involves the transient process of the core impacting the stopper for unlocking. Localized wear or damage to the stopper surface often leads to unstable unlocking resistance, reflected in the residual sequence within the same temperature window as random abrupt changes or high-frequency jitter deviating from the overall trend. This is fundamentally different from the gradual, systematic increase caused by lubrication aging. Regarding grease aging, its core characteristic is that the residuals during the friction-dominated periods (t2 and t3) increase in the same direction, accompanied by a steeper temperature response slope and increased time dispersion, while the electromagnetic delay period t1 remains stable. The physical mechanism of this combined criterion is as follows: Grease aging not only leads to the volatilization of the base oil, increasing frictional resistance at room temperature (resulting in increased residuals), but also causes intensified grease thickening and deterioration of viscosity-temperature characteristics at low temperatures (resulting in a steeper slope). Furthermore, uneven grease distribution leads to increased fluctuations in frictional state during each operation (resulting in increased dispersion). Only when all of the above conditions are met simultaneously can grease aging be determined. This multi-condition joint verification mechanism effectively avoids false alarms caused by abnormalities in a single indicator, ensuring a high confidence level in the diagnostic conclusion.

[0030] Furthermore, after determining that the problem is due to grease aging, the method further includes: extrapolating the action time of each action sub-period at the design minimum temperature based on the drift rate of the irreversible degradation residuals during the tripping period and the change of the temperature response slope at the low temperature end, and summing them to obtain the predicted value of the total action time at the minimum temperature; using the difference between the upper limit of the allowable action time and the predicted value of the total action time at the minimum temperature as the action margin; calculating the time when the action margin drops to the set safety margin according to the drift rate, and combining the constraint condition of completing intervention before winter, outputting a suggested intervention window. Specifically, this step realizes the transformation from condition monitoring to operation and maintenance decision-making. First, using the drift rate of the residuals t2 and t3 over time in the current operating cycle, combined with the accelerating change trend of the temperature response slope at the low temperature end, a linear or nonlinear extrapolation method is used to predict the segmented time values ​​of the equipment at the design minimum temperature. Adding this predicted value to the basically unchanged t1 and t4, the predicted value of the total action time under extreme low temperature conditions can be obtained. Subsequently, the predicted value is subtracted from the upper limit of the allowable operating time specified by the protection level coordination or equipment technical conditions to calculate the current operating margin M. If M is greater than the set safety margin, it means that the equipment can safely survive the upcoming winter; if M is close to or less than the safety margin, the time point when the margin is exhausted needs to be deduced based on the drift rate. Considering that the maintenance of outdoor primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers is limited by weather conditions, it is usually required to complete the maintenance before winter. Therefore, the system takes the intersection of the calculated theoretical intervention time and the maintenance constraint before winter and outputs a specific suggested intervention time window. If the calculation results show that the operating margin will drop below the safety threshold in mid-November, and the local area usually enters the cold season in early November, the system will suggest arranging maintenance in mid-to-late October. This prediction method based on physical evolution trends can avoid over-maintenance or under-maintenance more effectively than fixed-cycle maintenance, and has significant engineering practical value, especially for preventing winter low-temperature failure to operate. It should be understood that although this embodiment uses grease aging as an example to illustrate the prediction and decision-making process, for other types of degradation modes, corresponding remaining life prediction models and operation and maintenance strategies can also be established based on their specific residual evolution laws, and this application does not limit this.

[0031] This embodiment provides a device for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker. The device employs a modular architecture to implement the functions described in the aforementioned method embodiments. Specifically, the device includes a data acquisition module, a time period segmentation module, a temperature compensation module, a residual extraction module, and a status assessment module.

[0032] The data acquisition module is configured to acquire the operating time, ambient temperature, and drive coil current waveform of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker during operation. Specifically, this module serves as the data entry point for the entire evaluation device, responsible for reading raw timing signals from the underlying sensing unit or control terminal cache of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker. Its output is connected to the time period segmentation module, transmitting the acquired unprocessed raw waveforms and scalar data to downstream processes. It should be understood that the data source acquired by this module is consistent with the sources described in the aforementioned method embodiments, both relying on the device's existing sensing capabilities, thereby ensuring compatibility between the device and existing hardware platforms.

[0033] The time-segmentation module is configured to divide the action time into multiple action sub-segments. Specifically, this module receives the raw timing signal from the data acquisition module and, by identifying the characteristic inflection points of the drive coil current waveform and auxiliary switch position signals, analyzes the continuous action process into discrete time segments with clear physical boundaries. Its output is connected to the temperature compensation module, outputting a structured segmented action time sequence. This processing essentially transforms unstructured waveform data into feature vectors that can be used for subsequent quantitative analysis, providing a refined time-domain basis for eliminating environmental interference.

[0034] The temperature compensation module is configured to compensate for the temperature response relationship represented by historical action data of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breakers within a reference operating cycle. It performs temperature compensation on the action times of each action sub-period within both the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle to obtain the corresponding normalized action times. Specifically, this module internally stores or can access the temperature response function established in the reference operating cycle, receives segmented action times and corresponding ambient temperature data from the time-period segmentation module, performs subtraction operations or other equivalent mapping algorithms, and uniformly transforms the measured times under different thermodynamic states to the reference temperature coordinate system. Its output is connected to the residual extraction module, outputting the normalized action time that eliminates reversible temperature effects. This module is the core calculation unit for achieving environmental decoupling, ensuring that subsequent comparisons are performed under the same thermodynamic reference.

[0035] The residual extraction module is configured to compare the normalized action time of the current operating cycle with the normalized action time of the reference operating cycle within the same preset temperature range, and extract the irreversible degradation residuals of each action sub-period. Specifically, this module receives the normalized action time from the temperature compensation module, bins the data according to a preset temperature window width, and calculates the difference between the representative value of the current cycle and the representative value of the reference period within the same window. Its output is connected to the condition assessment module, outputting a sequence of irreversible degradation residuals that purely reflects the cumulative deterioration of mechanical performance. Through this differential operation within the same temperature window, the module effectively filters out residual environmental noise, giving the output residual signal a high signal-to-noise ratio and clear physical directionality.

[0036] The status assessment module is configured to evaluate the mechanical degradation status of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism based on the irreversible degradation residuals of each action sub-period. Specifically, this module receives multi-dimensional residual data from the residual extraction module, and comprehensively analyzes the magnitude, trend, and combination characteristics of the residuals in each sub-period according to a preset rule matching system or joint criterion logic, thereby determining the specific degradation mode and quantifying the degree of degradation. The output of this module is the final assessment result, which can be directly used to trigger operation and maintenance alarms or generate maintenance suggestions.

[0037] It is important to note that each of the above modules is a functional logic unit. In actual engineering implementation, they can be implemented by the same processor through the execution of software instructions in memory, without the need to set up dedicated hardware circuits for each module. This hardware-software decoupling design allows the device to be flexibly deployed in various existing primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker control terminals via firmware upgrades, reducing hardware modification costs and facilitating subsequent iterative optimization of algorithm strategies. Of course, in some application scenarios with extremely high real-time requirements, some modules (such as data acquisition modules or time period segmentation modules) can also be accelerated by dedicated hardware such as FPGAs or ASICs, but this does not change the essential definition of the device as a functional architecture.

[0038] This embodiment provides a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker, which includes a solid-enclosed pole, an operating mechanism, instrument transformers, and a control terminal. Specifically, this primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker adopts a primary and secondary integrated design, deeply integrating the high-voltage switch body on the primary side with the monitoring and control unit on the secondary side in terms of physical structure and electrical interface. The solid-enclosed pole encapsulates a vacuum interrupter and conductive circuit, serving as the core actuating component for circuit switching. The operating mechanism, such as a spring-operated mechanism or a permanent magnet operating mechanism, is mechanically connected to the solid-enclosed pole and is responsible for driving the contacts to complete the opening and closing actions. Instrument transformers, including electronic current transformers, voltage transformers, and zero-sequence transformers, are embedded in the pole or bushing for real-time sensing of line electrical quantities. The control terminal, typically called a feeder terminal unit (FTU), is installed inside or outside the enclosure, serving as the intelligent hub of the equipment. This highly integrated physical architecture not only reduces the size of the device, but more importantly, it provides a natural data source for condition assessment, enabling subsequent analysis and processing to directly utilize the native signals generated during device operation without relying on external monitoring devices.

[0039] The control terminal includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the mechanical degradation state assessment method for the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism as described in any of the foregoing embodiments. Specifically, the memory can be flash memory, EEPROM, or other non-volatile storage media, used to persistently store information such as the assessment algorithm code, historical data of the baseline operating cycle, temperature response relationship parameters, and accumulated residual sequences. The processor is configured to read and execute these program instructions, thereby automatically completing the entire process of calculation from data acquisition, time period division, temperature compensation, residual extraction to state assessment locally on the device. It should be understood that although this embodiment uses a single processor in the control terminal as an example, in other embodiments, the relevant calculation tasks can also be shared by multiple coprocessors, or some preprocessing steps can be accelerated by dedicated hardware such as FPGA, as long as the logical function of the aforementioned method is ultimately achieved. By embedding the assessment algorithm in software form into the existing control terminal, this application can endow existing equipment with intelligent self-diagnostic capabilities without changing the original hardware circuit of the equipment, greatly reducing the marginal cost of technology upgrades.

[0040] In this embodiment, input signals such as operating time, ambient temperature, and drive coil current waveform are all acquired from the same source by the device's built-in current transformer and control terminal, eliminating the need for external sensors. Specifically, the drive coil current waveform can be directly obtained through a sampling resistor or Hall element connected in series in the opening and closing circuit; the start and end times of the operating time can be precisely calibrated by the operation commands issued by the control terminal and the auxiliary switch position signal; and the ambient temperature is obtained from a temperature sensor installed inside the mechanism box or on the surface of the control terminal. Since these signals are the basic data necessary for the normal operation and control of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker, the implementation of this solution does not require the addition of additional hardware such as displacement sensors, pressure sensors, or high-speed cameras, nor does it require power outages or equipment disassembly for modification. This characteristic makes this application particularly suitable for long-cycle maintenance-free scenarios such as 10kV distribution network outdoor pole-mounted circuit breakers. In these scenarios, the equipment is usually installed on high-altitude towers, in large numbers and widely distributed. Traditional manual inspections or online monitoring methods with added sensors face pain points such as high cost, difficult operation, and low reliability. The primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker provided in this embodiment can accurately assess the mechanical degradation state and provide early warning of lubrication aging by utilizing its existing sensing capabilities. This not only meets the design intention of maintenance-free products, but also solves the industry problems of frequent false alarms and difficulty in detecting early faults in low-temperature environments, providing a practical and feasible technical means for condition-based maintenance and lean operation and maintenance of power distribution networks.

[0041] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the mechanical degradation state assessment method for the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism as described in any of embodiments 1 to 5 above. Specifically, the computer-readable storage medium here refers to any non-transient physical medium capable of persistently or temporarily storing data and readable by a computing device. For example, the medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, optical disc (CD-ROM, DVD), magnetic disk storage medium, or other magnetic storage devices. It should be understood that the above examples are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the physical form of the medium. Any medium capable of carrying instruction code and being recognized and executed by a processor falls within the protection scope of this application.

[0042] When the processor loads and runs the computer program stored on this medium, it automatically executes a complete processing flow, including acquiring the action time and ambient temperature, dividing the action into sub-periods, performing temperature normalization compensation based on baseline operating cycle data, extracting irreversible degradation residuals within the same temperature window, and assessing the mechanical degradation state. This means that the technical solution of this application can be independently distributed and delivered as a pure software product, free from specific hardware constraints. In practical engineering applications, this implementation method has significant advantages for the intelligent upgrading of existing equipment. Maintenance personnel do not need to replace the control terminal hardware of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers; they only need to write the firmware package containing the latest evaluation algorithm into the device memory through a local interface or remote communication link to enable older equipment to have accurate self-diagnostic capabilities for mechanical degradation. At the same time, this medium embodiment also provides basic support for cloud deployment. The evaluation program can be hosted on the server side, receiving raw data from edge devices and centrally executing analysis tasks, thereby realizing a flexible architecture of edge-cloud collaboration. In this way, this application not only covers the manufacturing and sales of embedded terminal products, but also extends to subsequent operation scenarios such as software licensing, firmware updates and cloud service subscriptions, thus building a full life-cycle intellectual property protection barrier.

[0043] This embodiment further demonstrates the generalization ability of the aforementioned mechanical degradation state assessment method in different types of operating mechanisms and system-level operation and maintenance scenarios. It should be understood that although the aforementioned embodiment has been described in detail using a spring operating mechanism as an example, the core concept of this application lies in decoupling reversible environmental influences from irreversible mechanical degradation through time-series segmentation. This idea is not limited to a specific mechanical structure.

[0044] As a modified implementation, when the operating mechanism of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker is a permanent magnet type, the division of the operating sub-periods can be adaptively adjusted due to the difference between its mechanical holding and releasing principle and that of the spring mechanism. Specifically, the permanent magnet operating mechanism typically relies on the cooperation of permanent magnets and electromagnetic forces to achieve opening and closing holding and driving, and there is no independent mechanical tripping link as in the spring mechanism. Therefore, when applying the aforementioned evaluation method, the original tripping period and the transmission idle period can be combined and defined as the transmission period. This period represents the intermediate transmission process from the issuance of the drive signal or the change of the magnetic circuit state until the moving contact begins to move. Accordingly, the total operating time is divided into three sub-periods: the electromagnetic delay period, the transmission period, and the travel period. Although the number and names of the segments have changed, the underlying logic still follows the principle of decoupling by physical process, that is, separating the stages affected by electrical parameters, the stages affected by friction and lubrication, and the stages affected by the main driving force in the time domain. Based on this, the core processing logic mentioned above—including temperature normalization compensation based on baseline operating cycle data, extraction of irreversible degradation residuals within the same temperature window, and location of lubrication aging based on residual characteristics—remains unchanged. This adaptation method indicates that the scope of protection of this application covers any reasonable segmentation strategy that can reflect the physical process of mechanical action, and should not be construed as limited to a four-segment division, thereby effectively preventing technical solution circumvention due to differences in mechanical structure.

[0045] As an extension of another application scenario, the aforementioned mechanical degradation status assessment method can also be applied to group operation and maintenance analysis at the master station side of multiple devices. In this scenario, after completing local status assessments, the control terminals (FTUs) of multiple primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breakers deployed in the field transmit the calculated key characteristic quantities such as irreversible degradation residuals, temperature response slope changes, and operating margins to the operation and maintenance master station system via the communication network. After receiving the characteristic data from multiple devices from the same line, the same environmental area, or the same production batch, the master station system can perform horizontal statistical analysis and trend mining. The master station can statistically analyze the lubrication aging drift rate distribution of all pole-mounted circuit breakers on a feeder line, identify abnormal individuals with aging rates significantly faster than the group average; or, for devices put into operation in the same batch, establish regional aging benchmark curves based on the differences in their microenvironments, thereby scientifically prioritizing group maintenance. This group operation and maintenance model transforms the isolated diagnostic results of a single device into asset-level health management decision-making basis, significantly improving the allocation efficiency of operation and maintenance resources without increasing on-site hardware costs. It is important to emphasize that this application variation is merely a data aggregation and in-depth utilization of the end-side assessment results. It does not change the core methodology of decoupled assessment based on the self-owned data of a single device, nor does it introduce any new external sensors or monitoring devices. It fully meets the needs of data mining of existing equipment in the digital transformation of the distribution network.

[0046] Furthermore, those skilled in the art should understand that, in addition to the aforementioned spring mechanism and permanent magnet mechanism, the evaluation method of this application is also applicable to other types of mechanical drive devices such as hydraulic operating mechanisms and pneumatic operating mechanisms, as long as the device's operation process includes temporal characteristics that can be characterized by electrical signals and is affected by ambient temperature. Meanwhile, the data dimensions for group operation and maintenance analysis are not limited to the aforementioned examples, but may also include auxiliary information such as the cumulative number of actions and power supply voltage fluctuation statistics to achieve more refined asset management. These variations and extensions do not depart from the essential technical concept of this application: decoupling environmental interference and extracting irreversible degradation characteristics based on its own historical data.

[0047] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker, characterized in that, include: The operating time, ambient temperature, and drive coil current waveform of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker are obtained during operation. The action time is divided into multiple action sub-time periods; Based on the temperature response relationship represented by the historical action data of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker in the reference operating cycle, temperature compensation is performed on the action time of each action sub-period in the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle to obtain the corresponding normalized action time. Within the same preset temperature range, the normalized action time of the current operating cycle is compared with the normalized action time of the reference operating cycle, and the irreversible degradation residual of each action sub-period is extracted. The mechanical degradation state of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism is evaluated based on the irreversible degradation residuals of each of the aforementioned action sub-time periods.

2. The method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of dividing the action time into multiple action sub-time periods includes: The action time is divided into an electromagnetic delay period, a tripping period, a transmission idle period, and a travel period.

3. The method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The division of the action time into an electromagnetic delay period, a tripping period, a transmission idle period, and a travel period includes: Acquire the drive coil current waveform and auxiliary switch position signal of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker; Based on the characteristic inflection point of the drive coil current waveform and the auxiliary switch position signal, the boundaries of the electromagnetic delay period, the tripping period, the transmission idle period, and the travel period are determined. The characteristic inflection points include the starting point of current rise, the current plateau, the current drop point caused by the movement of the iron core, and the point of secondary current change caused by the disengagement of the brake.

4. The method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature response relationship, characterized by the historical action data of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breakers within a reference operating cycle, is used to perform temperature compensation on the action time of each action sub-period within the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle, respectively, to obtain the corresponding normalized action time, including: The normalized action time is obtained by subtracting the response value of the temperature response relationship at the difference between the ambient temperature and the reference temperature from the action time of each of the action sub-periods. Within the same preset temperature range, the normalized action time of the current operating cycle is compared with the normalized action time of the baseline operating cycle, and the irreversible degradation residual of each action sub-period is extracted, including: The normalized action time of the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle are respectively divided into the corresponding preset temperature ranges; The irreversible degradation residual is obtained by calculating the difference between the normalized action time representative value of the current operating cycle and the normalized action time representative value of the reference operating cycle within the same preset temperature range.

5. The method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preset temperature range has a temperature width of 2°C to 4°C. The normalized action time representative value is the median of multiple normalized action times within the preset temperature range; The method further includes: The drift rate is calculated for the sequence of the irreversible degenerate residuals as a function of the cumulative number of actions or the running time. The seasonal variations that recur throughout the year and recover across years are removed from the irreversible degradation residuals.

6. The method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The assessment of the mechanical degradation state of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism based on the irreversible degradation residuals of each of the aforementioned action sub-time periods includes: When the irreversible degradation residual during the electromagnetic delay period increases and is related to the characteristics of the power supply voltage and coil current, it is determined that the coil or control power supply is deteriorating. When the irreversible degradation residual during the travel period increases and changes in the same direction under each of the ambient temperatures, it is determined that the spring output force is decreasing. When the tripping period occurs within the same preset temperature range, and a sudden change or fluctuation occurs that is not related to the trend of the irreversible degradation residual, it is determined to be a brake wear. When the irreversible degradation residuals during the tripping period and the transmission idle period increase in the same direction, accompanied by a steeper temperature response slope and increased time dispersion, while the irreversible degradation residuals during the electromagnetic delay period remain unchanged, it is determined that the grease is aging.

7. The method for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker according to claim 6, characterized in that, After determining that the grease is aged, the method further includes: Based on the drift rate of the irreversible degradation residual during the tripping period and the transmission idle period, and the change of the temperature response slope at the low temperature end, the action time of each action sub-period at the lowest temperature is extrapolated and summed to obtain the predicted value of the total action time at the lowest temperature. The difference between the upper limit of the allowed action time and the predicted total action time at the lowest temperature is used as the action margin; Based on the drift rate, calculate the time it takes for the action margin to drop to the set safety margin, and combine this with the constraint of completing intervention before winter, outputting a suggested intervention window.

8. A device for assessing the mechanical degradation status of a primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire the operating time, ambient temperature, and drive coil current waveform of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker during operation. The time period segmentation module is used to divide the action time into multiple action sub-time periods; The temperature compensation module is used to perform temperature compensation on the action time of each action sub-period in the current operating cycle and the reference operating cycle based on the temperature response relationship represented by the historical action data of the primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker in the reference operating cycle, so as to obtain the corresponding normalized action time. The residual extraction module is used to compare the normalized action time of the current operating cycle with the normalized action time of the reference operating cycle within the same preset temperature range, and extract the irreversible degradation residual of each action sub-period. The status assessment module is used to assess the mechanical degradation status of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism based on the irreversible degradation residuals of each of the said action sub-time periods.

9. A primary and secondary integrated pole-mounted circuit breaker, characterized in that, Includes solid-sealed poles, operating mechanisms, current transformers, and control terminals; The control terminal includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program implements the mechanical degradation status assessment method for the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for assessing the mechanical degradation state of the primary and secondary fusion pole-mounted circuit breaker operating mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images