Bilateral squeeze-type frictional nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting and harvesting method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of friction nanogenerator, in particular to a double-side extrusion type friction nanogenerator for wind energy collection and a collection method. The double-side extrusion type friction nanogenerator for wind energy collection comprises: a fixed support assembly for fixing the friction nanogenerator in a wind tunnel; a cantilever beam power generation unit, the root of which is fixed on the fixed support assembly, and the windward end of which extends along the airflow; a blunt body for generating galloping under the action of airflow and driving the cantilever beam power generation unit to generate reciprocating swing; two groups of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units arranged on both sides of the cantilever beam power generation unit, each group of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit comprising an elastic manganese steel sheet and a friction dielectric layer arranged on the elastic manganese steel sheet; the surfaces on both sides of the cantilever beam power generation unit are provided with positive friction electrode layers, and the cantilever beam power generation unit extrudes the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit when reciprocating with the blunt body, so that the positive friction electrode layers contact the friction dielectric layers to generate electricity, and the two are separated when reset, and output electric energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nanogenerator technology, specifically to a double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting and a harvesting method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] Renewable energy sources mainly include solar, wind, tidal, biomass, and nuclear energy. Among them, wind energy is widely used due to its cleanliness, renewability, and ubiquity. In recent years, with the rise of triboelectric nanogenerators, they have been widely applied in energy harvesting, sensors, and other fields. Therefore, utilizing triboelectric nanogenerators for wind energy harvesting has significant advantages.

[0003] However, existing wind-powered triboelectric nanogenerators are mainly divided into two categories: contact-separated triboelectric nanogenerators based on galloping and rotary triboelectric nanogenerators based on independent layers. Rotary triboelectric nanogenerators based on independent layers convert wind energy into rotor rotational energy, and then perform energy conversion based on the independent layer principle. However, due to the poor stability of the rotating structure, their lifespan is relatively short. Contact-separated triboelectric nanogenerators based on the galloping principle, because they abandon the rotational method and instead rely on a simpler vibration phenomenon, have a longer lifespan and greater stability than rotary types. Currently, galloping-based nanogenerators mainly rely on the impact phenomenon between a cantilever beam and an external object during vibration. Due to the different polarities of the two electrode materials, two materials with significantly different polarities are usually selected, such as nylon and fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer (FEP). Nylon easily loses electrons on its surface, acting as the positive electrode, while FEP easily gains electrons on its surface, thus acting as the negative electrode. Although the contact separation phenomenon generated by this tapping can effectively produce charge transfer, both nylon and FEP materials will be quickly damaged under long-term tapping, resulting in low output efficiency of the triboelectric nanogenerator, or even damage and failure.

[0004] Meanwhile, traditional triboelectric nanogenerators with oscillating structures often use a tapping mode, where the two components often come into contact by tapping. However, this method is very easy to damage the materials, and since the two components only rely on inertia to make contact, they will separate after a light touch. This means that the contact area can only remain on the surface, and the micro- and nano-structures on the material surface cannot be fully bonded together. A considerable amount of research has shown that the output voltage increases to a certain extent with the increase of pressure. Therefore, triboelectric nanogenerators using the traditional tapping method have poor performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting, so as to solve the problem of low service life of triboelectric nanogenerators in the prior art.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides a technical solution for a double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting: A bi-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting includes: A fixed support assembly is used to fix the triboelectric nanogenerator in the wind tunnel; The cantilever beam power generation unit is fixed at its root to the fixed support assembly, and its windward end extends along the direction of airflow, so that the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit is parallel to the airflow. A blunt body is fixed to the windward end of the cantilever beam power generation unit and is used to generate vibration under the action of airflow and drive the cantilever beam power generation unit to reciprocate. Two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cantilever beam power generation unit. Each set of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units includes an elastic manganese steel sheet and a triboelectric dielectric layer disposed on the elastic manganese steel sheet facing the side of the cantilever beam power generation unit. A support block is set at the root of the cantilever beam power generation unit. The tail end of the elastic manganese steel sheet is fixed on the support pad block, and the front end extends freely to a position close to the blunt body and is connected to the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit, so that the two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units form a space with a small front end gap and a large tail end gap between them and the cantilever beam power generation unit. Both sides of the cantilever beam power generation unit are provided with positive friction electrode layers. When the cantilever beam power generation unit swings back and forth with the blunt body, it alternately squeezes against the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit on the same side of the swing direction, so that the positive friction electrode layer on that side contacts the friction dielectric layer and generates electricity. When the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit is reset, the positive friction electrode layer and the friction dielectric layer are separated, and electrical energy is output to the outside based on the electrostatic induction effect.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixed support assembly includes two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps and one vertical support plate: The two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the wind tunnel, and a clamping gap matching the thickness of the vertical support plate is formed between the two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps. The vertical support plate is disposed in the clamping gap and fixed between the two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps; The root of the cantilever beam power generation unit is fixed to the upper part of the vertical support plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the cantilever beam power generation unit includes a stainless steel cantilever beam, which is parallel to the airflow, and the positive friction electrode layer is disposed on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam; the positive friction electrode layer includes a first FEP insulating film, a first copper film, a second FEP insulating film, and a second copper film. The first FEP insulating film and the second FEP insulating film are respectively covered on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam to isolate the stainless steel cantilever beam from the copper film on both sides. The first copper film is attached to the surface of the first FEP insulating film, and the second copper film is attached to the surface of the second FEP insulating film. Both the first copper film and the second copper film function as a positive triboelectric dielectric layer and a metal electrode.

[0009] Furthermore, the two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units include a first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit and a second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit. The triboelectric layer on each set of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units includes, in sequence, a nylon insulating layer, a third copper film, and a third FEP insulating film from the elastic manganese steel sheet toward the cantilever beam power generation unit. The nylon insulating layer is attached to the inner surface of the elastic manganese steel sheet to isolate the third copper film from the elastic manganese steel sheet. The third copper film and the third FEP insulating film are negative friction layers, attached to the nylon insulating layer, and paired with the positive friction electrode layer on the side of the stainless steel cantilever beam to achieve contact charging.

[0010] Furthermore, the support block is an acrylic support block with a height of 8-12mm; the front end of the elastic manganese steel sheet is in contact with the leeward side of the blunt body, and in its natural state, the triboelectric layer of the front end of the elastic manganese steel sheet is attached to the surface of the positive triboelectric electrode layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the elastic manganese steel sheet is 0.1-0.3 mm, its vibration mode is mainly the first mode, it generates elastic deformation when compressed to increase the contact area, and automatically returns to the initial state after the compressive force is removed.

[0012] Furthermore, the blunt body is a rigid foam blunt body with a vertical slit on its back. The windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam is inserted perpendicularly into the vertical slit and fixed by foam adhesive.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the first copper film, the second copper film, and the third copper film are all 40-60 μm, and each of them is connected to an outgoing wire for outputting the generated electrical energy to an external energy storage or power consumption device.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper part of the vertical support plate has two parallel mounting through holes, and the root extension of the stainless steel cantilever beam has two corresponding mounting through holes, which are locked and fixed by bolts and nuts.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a technical solution for a wind energy harvesting method using a double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator: A wind energy harvesting method based on a double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting, comprising the following steps: The triboelectric nanogenerator is fixed in a wind tunnel, with the blunt body on the windward side and the airflow coming directly towards the blunt body, so that the airflow preferentially impacts the blunt body; Airflow passes over a blunt body, which generates a galloping phenomenon and drives the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit to generate periodic vibrations. During the vibration process, when the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit moves to one side of one of the two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units, it is squeezed against the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit on the same side as the swing direction, causing the positive friction electrode layer on the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit to generate friction charge with the friction dielectric layer on the corresponding side of the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit. The surfaces of the positive friction electrode layer and the friction dielectric layer are charged with equal amounts of opposite charges. When the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit is reset, the positive friction electrode layer and the friction dielectric layer are separated. Based on the electrostatic induction effect, electrons flow in the external circuit and generate current. The stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit swings back and forth with the blunt body, repeating the above-mentioned compression contact and separation process, continuously converting wind energy into electrical energy.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: The double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention adopts a contact-separated mode consisting of a stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit and an elastic manganese steel plate power generation unit. By utilizing the difference in elastic modulus between the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit and the elastic manganese steel plate, the elastic manganese steel plate and the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit can be tightly squeezed together during the vibration of the blunt body. This allows the positive triboelectric electrode layer and the triboelectric dielectric layer to be tightly bonded together, significantly increasing the contact area. Therefore, the output voltage can also be significantly increased, effectively converting wind energy into electrical energy.

[0017] This structure transforms the original slapping method into a compression method, greatly avoiding the significant damage caused by the slapping phenomenon between the positive friction electrode layer and the friction dielectric layer. Therefore, this structure effectively extends the service life of the materials and improves the overall lifespan of the generator. Furthermore, this invention features elastic manganese steel sheet generator units on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam generator unit, allowing it to generate electricity regardless of whether the stainless steel cantilever beam generator unit moves to the right or left. Therefore, its power generation efficiency is higher than that of the traditional single-slapping structure.

[0018] This invention proposes a triboelectric nanogenerator based on a galloping structure with extrusion-type contact separation. It abandons the traditional complex rotary structure and does not rely on precision rotor structures such as bearings, which can effectively reduce the instability caused by rotation. Instead, it adopts a simpler cantilever beam structure, whose motion is only simple vibration, which can greatly improve the stability of the generator.

[0019] The cantilever beam power generation unit includes a stainless steel cantilever beam parallel to the airflow, and the positive friction electrode layer is disposed on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam; the positive friction electrode layer includes a first FEP insulating film, a first copper film, a second FEP insulating film, and a second copper film. The first FEP insulating film and the second FEP insulating film are respectively covered on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam to isolate the stainless steel cantilever beam from the copper film on both sides. The first copper film is attached to the surface of the first FEP insulating film, and the second copper film is attached to the surface of the second FEP insulating film. Both the first and second copper films function as both positive triboelectric dielectric layers and metal electrodes. The stainless steel cantilever beam ensures the stability of the entire structure during long-term vibration. Since stainless steel itself is a conductive material, to prevent charge from being directly transferred from the stainless steel cantilever beam, a layer of FEP insulating film is first applied to both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam, making the surface of the stainless steel cantilever beam itself an insulator. Then, a copper film is attached to the FEP insulating film to act as a metal electrode. At the same time, the copper film is more inclined to lose electrons in the triboelectric series, and therefore can also be regarded as a dielectric film. That is, when copper comes into contact with a highly electronegative material, its surface is more likely to lose electrons.

[0020] The two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units include a first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit and a second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit. The triboelectric layer on each set of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units includes, in sequence, a nylon insulating layer, a third copper film and a third FEP insulating film from the elastic manganese steel sheet toward the cantilever beam power generation unit. The nylon insulating layer is attached to the inner surface of the elastic manganese steel sheet to isolate the third copper film from the elastic manganese steel sheet. The third copper film and the third FEP insulating film are negative friction layers attached to the nylon insulating layer, and they pair with the positive friction electrode layer on the stainless steel cantilever beam side to achieve contact electrification. Since the elastic manganese steel sheet also has conductive properties, a nylon insulating layer must also be attached to its surface; on this basis, a third copper film is attached to act as a metal electrode; subsequently, a third FEP insulating film is attached to the surface of the third copper film. At this point, the outermost third FEP insulating film acts as a dielectric film, exhibiting strong electronegativity in the triboelectric sequence, thus more readily gaining electrons. In this process, copper acts as a positive dielectric film and also as a metal electrode, while the outermost third FEP insulating film on the elastic manganese steel sheet acts as a negative dielectric film. After contacting the copper electrode on the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit, the surface of the third FEP insulating film becomes negatively charged, while the surface of the copper electrode on the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit becomes positively charged. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the stainless steel power generation unit and the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit in the double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the stainless steel power generation unit in the double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit in the double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting in this application; wherein, (1) the third FEP insulating film 203 and the first copper film 205 are in extrusion contact, (2) the third FEP insulating film 203 and the first copper film 205 are gradually separated, (3) the third FEP insulating film 203 and the first copper film 205 are completely separated, and (4) the third FEP insulating film 203 and the first copper film 205 are gradually in contact; In the diagram, 101 is the bottom edge of the wind tunnel, 102 is a foam blunt body, 103 is a vertical support plate, 104 is an L-shaped vertical support plate clamp, 105 is the first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit, 106 is a stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit, 107 is an acrylic support block, 108 is the second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit, 201 is an elastic manganese steel sheet, 202 is the third copper film, 203 is the third FEP insulating film, 204 is a nylon film, 205 is the first copper film, 206 is a stainless steel cantilever beam, 207 is the first FEP insulating film, 208 is the second FEP insulating film, and 209 is the second copper film. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0024] Specific embodiment 1 of the double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting of the present invention: In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting includes: a fixed support assembly for fixing the triboelectric nanogenerator in a wind tunnel, i.e., the triboelectric nanogenerator is fixed on the bottom edge 101 of the wind tunnel, the wind tunnel is horizontally set so that the airflow direction is from left to right; a stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106, the root of which is fixed to the fixed support assembly, and the windward end extends along the direction of airflow; a blunt body, fixed to the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106, for generating vibration under the action of airflow and driving the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 to reciprocate; two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units, namely the first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 105 and the second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 108, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106, each set of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit includes an elastic manganese steel sheet 201 and a triboelectric dielectric layer disposed on the side of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 facing the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106; and a support block disposed on the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106. At the root, the tail end of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 is fixed to the support pad, and the front end extends freely to a position close to the blunt body, and connects to the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106, so that the two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units form a space with a small front gap and a large tail gap between them and the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106; that is, the first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 105 and the second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 108 are respectively on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106, and form a space with a small front gap and a large tail gap between them and the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106; both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 are provided with positive friction electrode layers. When the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 swings back and forth with the blunt body, it alternately squeezes against the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit on the same side of the swing direction, so that the positive friction electrode layer on that side contacts the friction dielectric layer and generates electricity; when the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 resets, the positive friction electrode layer and the friction dielectric layer are separated, and electrical energy is output to the outside based on the electrostatic induction effect.

[0025] In this embodiment, the fixed support assembly includes two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps 104 and one vertical support plate 103; the two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps 104 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom edge 101 of the wind tunnel, and a clamping gap matching the thickness of the vertical support plate 103 is formed between the two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps 104; the vertical support plate 103 is disposed in the clamping gap and fixed between the two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps 104; the root of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 is fixed to the upper part of the vertical support plate 103.

[0026] Specifically, the L-shaped vertical support plate clamp 104 has an L-shaped structure. Its side end, which contacts the bottom edge 101 of the wind tunnel, has four M6 through holes. The bottom edge 101 of the wind tunnel has threaded holes. The side end of the L-shaped vertical support plate clamp 104 that contacts the bottom edge 101 of the wind tunnel is effectively fixed to the bottom edge 101 of the wind tunnel using four screws, thus achieving fixation to the wind tunnel. With the central axis of the wind tunnel as the line of symmetry, two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps 104 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the line of symmetry, forming a vertical clamping gap between the two symmetrical L-shaped vertical support plate clamps 104. The width of this clamping gap is the same as the width of the vertical support plate 103, allowing the vertical support plate 103 to fit snugly into the clamping gap, and the bottom of the vertical support plate 103 directly contacts the bottom edge 101 of the wind tunnel.

[0027] Meanwhile, in order to further secure the vertical support plate 103, four M6 through holes are provided on the vertical side of the L-shaped vertical support plate clamp 104. At the same time, there are also four M6 through holes at the same positions where the vertical support plate 103 is fixed. Screws are added to the vertical part of the L-shaped vertical support plate clamp 104 on one side, while nuts are used to fix the vertical part of the L-shaped vertical support plate clamp 104 on the other side. Finally, the two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps 104 and the vertical support plate 103 are firmly fixed together by screws and nuts.

[0028] Specific embodiment 2 of the double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting of the present invention: Based on the above-described technical concept of the present invention, or based on the specific embodiments of the present invention described above, another embodiment is provided below.

[0029] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 includes a stainless steel cantilever beam 206, which is parallel to the airflow. A positive friction electrode layer is disposed on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206. The positive friction electrode layer includes a first FEP insulating film 207, a first copper film 205, a second FEP insulating film 208, and a second copper film 209. The first FEP insulating film 207 and the second FEP insulating film 208 respectively cover both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206, serving to isolate the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 from the copper films on both sides. The first copper film 205 is attached to the surface of the first FEP insulating film 207, and the second copper film 209 is attached to the surface of the second FEP insulating film 208. Both the first copper film 205 and the second copper film 209 function as both a positive friction dielectric layer and a metal electrode. The first FEP insulating film 207 and the second FEP insulating film 208 are FEP tapes; the first copper film 205 and the second copper film 209 are copper tapes.

[0030] Specifically, the first FEP insulating film 207 and the second FEP insulating film 208 have adhesive backing, allowing them to be completely covered by the stainless steel cantilever beam 206. Due to their good insulation properties, the first and second FEP insulating films 207 and 208 effectively prevent charge from being conducted away through the stainless steel cantilever beam 206. The first copper film 205 and the second copper film 209 also have adhesive backing, allowing them to adhere tightly to the surfaces of the first and second FEP insulating films 207 and 208. During adhesion, it is crucial to ensure that there are no gaps between the first and second copper films 205 and 209 and the first and second FEP insulating films 207 and 208, maintaining a smooth surface to maximize power generation and increase the contact area.

[0031] In this embodiment, the upper part of the vertical support plate 103 has two parallel mounting through holes, and the root extension of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 has two corresponding mounting through holes. The two are locked and fixed by bolts and nuts.

[0032] Specifically, two M6 through holes parallel to the wind tunnel are also opened on the upper part of the vertical support plate 103 to fix the stainless steel cantilever beam 206. At the same time, two M6 through holes parallel to the wind tunnel are also opened on the root extension of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206. The two are still fixed by screws and nuts, so that the cantilever beam can maintain stability for a long time during vibration.

[0033] Specific embodiment 3 of the present invention of a double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting: Based on the above-described technical concept of the present invention, or based on the specific embodiments of the present invention described above, another embodiment is provided below.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units include a first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 105 and a second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 108. The triboelectric dielectric layer on each set of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units, from the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 towards the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106, sequentially includes a nylon insulating layer 204, a third copper film 202, and a third FEP insulating film 203. The nylon insulating layer 204 is attached to the inner surface of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201, serving to isolate the third copper film 202 from the elastic manganese steel sheet 201. The third copper film 202 and the third FEP insulating film 203 are negative triboelectric layers, attached to the nylon insulating layer 204, and paired with the positive triboelectric electrode layer on the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 side to achieve contact electrification. That is, the third FEP insulating film 203 on the first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 105 contacts and electrifies with the first copper film 205; the third FEP insulating film 203 on the second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 108 contacts and electrifies with the second copper film 209.

[0035] In order to extract the charge from the surface of the metal electrode, a wire needs to be fixed to the metal electrode to extract the charge. An external capacitor or a rectified circuit can then be connected to power devices such as LEDs. Therefore, in this embodiment, the thicknesses of the first copper film 205, the second copper film 209, and the third copper film 202 are all 40-60 μm, and each is connected to an extraction wire for outputting the generated electrical energy to an external energy storage or power device. The first copper film 205 and the second copper film 209 can not only function as dielectric films but also as metal electrodes.

[0036] Specifically, on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206, the wires are directly fixed to the surfaces of the first copper film 205 and the second copper film 209 using insulating tape. On one side of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201, the wires also need to be fixed to the surface of the third copper film 202. However, since this surface also has a third FEP insulating film 203, the wires need to be fixed before the third FEP insulating film 203 is applied. Then, the third FEP insulating film 203 is applied to the surface of the third copper film 202. For added security, the wires are again secured with electrical tape. Similarly, during the application of the third copper film 202 and the third FEP insulating film 203, the surface flatness must be maintained to maximize power generation efficiency.

[0037] Specific embodiment 4 of the present invention of a double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting: Based on the above-described technical concept of the present invention, or based on the specific embodiments of the present invention described above, another embodiment is provided below.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the support pad is an acrylic support block 107 with a height of 8-12mm, which is fixed to the root of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206; wherein, the acrylic support block 107 is an acrylic cuboid protrusion; the front end of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 contacts the leeward side of the blunt body and is fixed with FEP tape or insulating electrical tape. In its natural state, the triboelectric layer of the front end of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 is attached to the surface of the positive triboelectric electrode layer.

[0039] The acrylic support block 107 is used to enable the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 and the two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units to contact and separate during the blunt body vibration. The acrylic support block 107 is fixed to the root of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 with glue and electrical tape, and the tail end of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 is glued to the top of both ends of the acrylic support block 107.

[0040] The front end of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 is positioned on the leeward side of the blunt body and connects to the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106. The rear end of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 overlaps with the rear end of the acrylic cuboid protrusion. This ensures that the front end of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 is tightly attached to the stainless steel cantilever beam 206, while the rear end, resting on the acrylic cuboid protrusion, creates a gap between it and the stainless steel cantilever beam 206, resulting in a gap that is narrower at the front and wider at the rear. Simultaneously, because the acrylic support block 107 has a height of 8-12mm, the entire elastic manganese steel sheet 201 is supported, exhibiting a narrower front and wider rear characteristic.

[0041] The elastic manganese steel sheet 201 has a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm, and its vibration mode is mainly the first mode. When compressed, it undergoes elastic deformation to increase the contact area, and automatically returns to its initial state after the compression force is removed. The blunt body is a rigid foam blunt body 102, which has a vertical slit on its back. The windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 is inserted perpendicularly into the vertical slit of the blunt body and fixed by foam adhesive.

[0042] In this embodiment, the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 is used as the base material. It possesses strong elasticity. Since it needs to be compressed against the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 during vibration, a highly elastic manganese steel sheet 201 is required to ensure it retains strong elasticity during long-term vibration, allowing for sufficiently large deformation to maximize the contact area. Furthermore, it should return to its normal state when the compressive force is removed, which is the basis for contact separation. Secondly, the thickness of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 cannot be too thick, being 0.1-0.3 mm. This thickness ensures that its vibration mode is primarily first-order while maintaining sufficient elasticity. Therefore, it can both return to its original shape when the blunt body vibrates to its equilibrium position and generate sufficient deformation when the blunt body vibrates to its maximum amplitude to achieve a sufficiently large surface contact with the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106.

[0043] Because the shape of the blunt body needs to be frequently changed during use, rigid foam, which is easier to process, was chosen as the blunt body. To ensure the rigid foam is securely installed at the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206, a vertical slit, 0.3mm wide, needs to be made on the back of the rectangular blunt body (the back of the windward side) using a blade. During this process, it is crucial that the slit be vertical and perpendicular to the surface of the blunt body to avoid creating an angle between the blunt body and the stainless steel cantilever beam 206. This ensures that after insertion into the stainless steel cantilever beam 206, the foam blunt body 102 remains perpendicular to the beam, meaning the windward side of the foam blunt body 102 aligns with the incoming flow. Simultaneously, the blade must be extremely sharp during the cutting process to ensure a clean cut and prevent damage or separation of the internal foam. Damage during cutting would increase the internal space of the slit, making it difficult to securely fix to the end of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206, thus limiting its long-term usability. After making a slit in the middle back of the blunt body with a blade, apply foam adhesive evenly to the top of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206. Place the blunt body horizontally on the table and vertically insert the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 into the slit. After several hours of adhesive drying, the rigid foam blunt body 102 will be firmly fixed to the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206. It is important to note that for consistency, the insertion depth of the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 into the foam blunt body 102 must be consistent. Therefore, a line should be drawn in advance on the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 to indicate the required insertion depth. Each time the blunt body is inserted, ensure that the depth line is aligned with the back of the foam blunt body 102, thus ensuring a consistent insertion depth. The working principle of the double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting is as follows: When airflow passes over the foam blunt body 102, due to flow-induced vibration, the foam blunt body 102 will exhibit galloping in the direction perpendicular to the airflow. At this time, the foam blunt body 102 will cause the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 to oscillate. Since the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 itself has considerable rigidity, after oscillating to a certain extent, the aerodynamic force generated by the foam blunt body 102 becomes less than the elasticity of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206, causing the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 to move in the opposite direction. Ultimately, under the action of aerodynamic force and damping force, the foam blunt body 102 will cause the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 to produce periodic vibrations. Since the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 vibrates with the vertical support plate 103 as the center point, the trajectory of the foam blunt body 102 will ultimately appear as an arc. The triboelectric nanogenerator used for wind energy harvesting operates on the following principle: When the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 moves from the middle position to the right (with the direction facing the incoming flow as the positive direction), due to the higher stiffness of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206, it undergoes less deformation. However, the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 has lower stiffness, and because its tail is raised, the gap between the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 and the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 gradually increases from the top to the bottom. Therefore, when the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 moves from the middle position to the right, the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 will undergo significant deformation. Consequently, at a relatively forward position, a strong compression phenomenon will occur between the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 and the elastic manganese steel sheet 201. At this time, the second... The copper film 209 will make strong contact with the third FEP insulating film 203 on the second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 108, thereby generating triboelectric charging. Initially, the third FEP insulating film 203 will not carry any charge, but as the number of contacts between the third FEP insulating film 203 and the first copper film 205 increases, the charge density on the surface of the third FEP insulating film 203 will reach its peak. At the same time, as the swing amplitude of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 reaches a certain level, the positive triboelectric electrode layer on the opposite side of the swing direction will contact the triboelectric dielectric layer on the corresponding side of the first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 105 in a small-spaced area, and triboelectric charging will occur simultaneously on both sides, with the surface carrying equal amounts of opposite charges. At this time, when the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 moves from the middle position to the right, it is half a power generation cycle. Subsequently, under the elastic force of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 itself, the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 will move from the maximum position on the right to the equilibrium position. At this time, the third FEP insulating film 203 and the second copper film 209 will separate, and electrons will be transferred again, which is another half of the power generation cycle. At this time, the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 has only experienced half a movement cycle to complete a complete power generation cycle. When the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 returns to the equilibrium position, under the action of aerodynamic force, the foam blunt body 102 will continue to carry the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 to the far left until it reaches the maximum displacement on the left. Among them, when the first copper film 205 on the left side of the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 gradually approaches the third FEP insulating film 203 on the first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 105 on the left, the first copper film 205 will lose electrons, and the electrons will flow through the external circuit to the copper film on the second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 108, which is half of the power generation cycle. As the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 moves from its maximum displacement on the left side towards its equilibrium position, the third FEP insulating film 203 gradually separates from the first copper film 205. Due to electrostatic induction, electrons flow in the external circuit, marking the second half of the power generation cycle. Subsequently, the bluff body, under the influence of aerodynamic forces, will repeat this phenomenon, continuously generating electrical energy.

[0044] Specific embodiment 1 of the wind energy harvesting method of the double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator of the present invention: A method for wind energy harvesting using a double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator includes the following steps: The triboelectric nanogenerator is fixed in a wind tunnel, with the blunt body on the windward side and the airflow coming directly towards the blunt body, so that the airflow preferentially impacts the blunt body; The airflow passes over the blunt body, which generates a galloping phenomenon and drives the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 to generate periodic vibration. During the vibration process, when the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 swings to one side of one of the two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units, it is squeezed against the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit on the same side as the swing direction, causing the positive friction electrode layer on the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 to generate friction charge with the friction dielectric layer on the corresponding side of the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit. The surfaces of the positive friction electrode layer and the friction dielectric layer are charged with equal amounts of opposite charges. When the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 is reset, the positive friction electrode layer and the friction dielectric layer are separated. Based on the electrostatic induction effect, electrons flow in the external circuit and generate current. The stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 swings back and forth with the blunt body, repeating the above-mentioned compression contact and separation process, and continuously converting wind energy into electrical energy.

[0045] Specifically, during use, the entire triboelectric nanogenerator is installed in the exact center of the wind tunnel. This is because the airflow is most stable in the center, furthest from the inner wall of the wind tunnel, and also farthest from the boundary layer. Therefore, placing the generator in the center of the wind tunnel ensures the most stable airflow, effectively improving the generator's stability.

[0046] The wind energy harvesting method of the double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator specifically includes the following steps: like Figure 5As shown, with the direction facing the incoming flow as the positive direction, when the incoming flow velocity exceeds the starting wind speed of the entire vibration system, the foam blunt body 102 will produce galloping vibration, that is, as the wind speed increases, its amplitude will also increase further. Since the stiffness and thickness of the elastic manganese steel sheet 201 and the stainless steel cantilever beam 206 are different, their deformation will also be different during vibration. In the first vibration cycle, when the foam blunt body 102 moves downward to the maximum amplitude, the third FEP insulating film 203 on the first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 105 on the left will come into contact with the first copper film 205 in the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106. Since there is a large difference in electronegativity between the third FEP insulating film 203 and the first copper film 205, the first copper film 205 easily loses electrons, while the third FEP insulating film 203 easily gains electrons. Based on the triboelectric effect, the surfaces of the first copper film 205 and the third FEP insulating film 203 will carry equal amounts of opposite charges at this time. When the vibration reaches its maximum amplitude position, the surface charge of the third FEP insulating film 203 and the first copper film 205 has reached its maximum value after a long period of compression. As the vibration continues, as the blunt body moves from the position of maximum amplitude below to the equilibrium position, the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 and the first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 105 begin to gradually separate, causing the first copper film 205 and the third FEP insulating film 203 to gradually separate. Based on the principle of electrostatic induction, as the distance between the first copper film 205 and the third FEP insulating film 203 gradually increases, the electrons in the third copper film 202 on the back metal electrode of the third FEP insulating film 203 will be repelled by the electrons on the surface of the third FEP insulating film 203. The electrons will flow along the wire to the first copper film 205 on the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106, forming a current. Subsequently, when the foam blunt body 102 reaches equilibrium, the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 and the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 105 completely separate. The positive charge of the first copper film 205 is completely neutralized, the positive charge of the third copper film 202 reaches its peak, and the electron flow in the external circuit stops. Then, the foam blunt body 102 will carry the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 upward, and the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 will move to the right, performing the same steps as the second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 108. Under the action of the blunt body vibration, the foam blunt body 102 will drive the cantilever beam back to the equilibrium position and begin to move downward. At this time, as the distance between the first copper film 205 and the third FEP insulating film 203 continues to decrease, due to electrostatic induction, the electrons originally present on the surface of the first copper film 205 will be repelled and flow along the wire to the third copper film 202 in the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit 105.When the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit 106 moves from the position of maximum amplitude at the bottom to the equilibrium position, electrons will flow from the surface of the third copper film 202 to the first copper film 205. During the movement of the lower half, electrons will move back and forth between the first copper film 205 and the third copper film 202 through the external circuit, thus forming a complete power generation cycle.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be determined by the claims. Similarly, any equivalent structural changes made based on the description and drawings of the present invention shall also be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting, characterized in that, include: A fixed support assembly is used to fix the triboelectric nanogenerator in the wind tunnel; The stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) is fixed at its root to the fixed support assembly, and its windward end extends along the direction of airflow, so that the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) is parallel to the airflow. A blunt body is fixed to the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) and is used to generate vibration under the action of airflow and drive the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) to reciprocate. Two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106). Each set of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units includes an elastic manganese steel sheet (201) and a triboelectric layer disposed on the elastic manganese steel sheet (201) facing the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106). A support block is set at the root of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106). The tail end of the elastic manganese steel sheet (201) is fixed on the support pad block, and the front end extends freely to a position close to the blunt body and is connected to the windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106), so that the two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units form a space with a small front end gap and a large tail end gap between the two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units and the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106). Both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) are provided with positive friction electrode layers. When the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) swings back and forth with the blunt body, it alternately squeezes against the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit on the same side of the swing direction, so that the positive friction electrode layer on that side contacts the friction dielectric layer and generates electricity. When the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) is reset, the positive friction electrode layer and the friction dielectric layer are separated, and electrical energy is output to the outside based on the electrostatic induction effect.

2. The double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed support assembly includes two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps (104) and one vertical support plate (103): The two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps (104) are symmetrically arranged on the bottom edge (101) of the wind tunnel, and a clamping gap matching the thickness of the vertical support plate (103) is formed between the two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps (104); The vertical support plate (103) is disposed in the clamping gap and fixed between the two L-shaped vertical support plate clamps (104); The root of the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) is fixed to the upper part of the vertical support plate (103).

3. The double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) includes a stainless steel cantilever beam (206) which is parallel to the airflow. The positive friction electrode layer is disposed on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam (206). The positive friction electrode layer includes a first FEP insulating film (207), a first copper film (205), a second FEP insulating film (208), and a second copper film (209). The first FEP insulating film (207) and the second FEP insulating film (208) are respectively covered on both sides of the stainless steel cantilever beam (206) to isolate the stainless steel cantilever beam (206) from the copper film on both sides. The first copper film (205) is attached to the surface of the first FEP insulating film (207), and the second copper film (209) is attached to the surface of the second FEP insulating film (208). Both the first copper film (205) and the second copper film (209) function as a positive triboelectric dielectric layer and a metal electrode.

4. The double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units include a first elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit (105) and a second elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit (108). The triboelectric dielectric layer on each set of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units includes, in sequence, a nylon insulating layer (204), a third copper film (202), and a third FEP insulating film (203) from the elastic manganese steel sheet (201) toward the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106). The nylon insulating layer (204) is attached to the inner surface of the elastic manganese steel sheet (201) to isolate the third copper film (202) from the elastic manganese steel sheet (201). The third copper film (202) and the third FEP insulating film (203) are negative friction layers, which are attached to the nylon insulating layer (204) and paired with the positive friction electrode layer on the side of the stainless steel cantilever beam (206) to achieve contact charging.

5. The double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support block is an acrylic support block (107) with a height of 8-12mm, fixed at the root of the stainless steel cantilever beam (206); the front end of the elastic manganese steel sheet (201) is in contact with the leeward side of the blunt body, and in its natural state, the triboelectric layer at the front end of the elastic manganese steel sheet (201) is attached to the surface of the positive triboelectric electrode layer.

6. The double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic manganese steel sheet (201) has a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm, and its vibration mode is mainly the first mode. When it is squeezed, it produces elastic deformation to increase the contact area. After the squeezing force is removed, it automatically returns to the initial state.

7. The double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blunt body is a rigid foam blunt body (102), with a vertical slit on its back. The windward end of the stainless steel cantilever beam (206) is inserted perpendicularly into the vertical slit of the blunt body and fixed by foam adhesive.

8. The double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the first copper film (205), the second copper film (209) and the third copper film (202) is 40-60μm. Each of them is connected to an outgoing wire for outputting the generated electrical energy to an external energy storage or power device.

9. The double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper part of the vertical support plate (103) has two parallel mounting through holes, and the root extension of the stainless steel cantilever beam (206) has two corresponding mounting through holes. The two are locked and fixed by bolts and nuts.

10. A method for wind energy harvesting using a double-sided extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that, The bilateral extrusion triboelectric nanogenerator for wind energy harvesting according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: The triboelectric nanogenerator is fixed in a wind tunnel, with the blunt body on the windward side and the airflow coming directly towards the blunt body, so that the airflow preferentially impacts the blunt body; The airflow passes over the blunt body, which generates a galloping phenomenon and drives the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) to generate periodic vibration. During the vibration process, when the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) swings to one side of one of the two sets of elastic manganese steel sheet power generation units, it squeezes against the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit on the same side as the swing direction, causing the positive friction electrode layer on the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) and the friction dielectric layer on the corresponding side of the elastic manganese steel sheet power generation unit to generate friction electricity, and the surfaces of the positive friction electrode layer and the friction dielectric layer are charged with equal amounts of opposite charges. When the stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) is reset, the positive friction electrode layer and the friction dielectric layer are separated. Based on the electrostatic induction effect, electrons flow in the external circuit to generate current. The stainless steel cantilever beam power generation unit (106) swings back and forth with the blunt body, repeating the above-mentioned compression contact and separation process, and continuously converting wind energy into electrical energy.

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