Polyflow-based multi-source energy harvesting device and self-powered circuit breaker monitoring system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of bridge power supply, and specifically provides a multi-source energy capturing device based on flow gathering, which comprises a shell, a flow guide assembly, a wind energy power generation assembly and a photovoltaic assembly. The shell comprises a bottom plate and a side plate, the side plate is arranged along the circumferential side of the bottom plate and connected with the bottom plate, the side plate and the bottom plate enclose a containing groove with an open structure; on the side close to the bottom plate, the side plate is provided with a plurality of hollow areas which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential side of the side plate; the flow guide assembly is arranged in the containing groove and comprises a plurality of flow guide plates which enclose a central flow convergence area and form flow guide channels between two adjacent flow guide plates; the wind energy power generation assembly is arranged in the containing groove and comprises blades and a wind energy power generation module, the blades are arranged in the central flow convergence area, and the generator is in transmission connection with the blades; and the photovoltaic assembly is arranged at the opening of the containing groove. The application alleviates the problem of intermittent energy supply of single energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of power supply monitoring for road and bridge systems, and in particular to a multi-source energy capture device based on current convergence and a self-powered road and bridge monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] Intelligent monitoring nodes for highways and bridges are mostly deployed in locations far from mains power. Current power supply mainly relies on long-distance cables or batteries. The former is costly and difficult to maintain, while the latter has limited battery life and poses operational risks during replacement. Although natural wind, vehicle-induced airflow, and solar radiation can be obtained locally, existing power supply devices usually set up photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, and airflow guiding structures separately, each occupying installation space, resulting in a large overall device size and complex installation. At the same time, wind speeds are low and wind directions are variable in road and bridge environments, making it difficult for traditional wind turbines to start stably and output continuously under light wind conditions. Solar energy is also affected by day and night and weather conditions, resulting in intermittent power supply. A single energy source cannot guarantee a continuous and reliable power supply for monitoring nodes throughout the year. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a multi-source energy capture device based on convergence and a self-powered circuit bridge monitoring system, which improves the problems of low wind energy capture efficiency and low space utilization in light wind environments.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a multi-source energy capture device based on convergent current, comprising: The housing includes a bottom plate and a side plate. The side plate is disposed along the periphery of the bottom plate and connected to the bottom plate. The side plate and the bottom plate enclose a receiving groove with an open structure. On the side near the bottom plate, the side plate is provided with a plurality of hollow areas, which are spaced apart along the periphery of the side plate. A flow guiding component is disposed within the receiving groove. The flow guiding component is disposed corresponding to the hollow area. The flow guiding component includes multiple flow guiding plates. The multiple flow guiding plates are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first surface of the base plate and are bent in the same direction. The multiple flow guiding plates surround to form a central converging area. A flow guiding channel is formed between two adjacent flow guiding plates. The flow guiding channel is used to converge the airflow to the central converging area. A wind power generation component is disposed in the receiving tank. The wind power generation component includes blades and a wind power generation module. The blades are disposed in the central converging area and rotate under the action of the converging airflow. The generator is drivenly connected to the blades. A photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module is disposed at the opening of the receiving slot and is fixedly connected to the housing.

[0005] Based on the above configuration, this application integrates the airflow guiding component, wind power generation component, and photovoltaic component into a single housing within a single enclosure. Compared to traditional solutions where the photovoltaic panel, wind turbine, and airflow guiding structure are independently installed and each occupies its own installation space, this reduces the overall size of the device and improves space utilization. After entering the housing through the perforated area of ​​the side plate, the ambient airflow is deflected and converged into the central confluence area by the airflow guiding channel formed by the airflow guiding plate. This concentrates the originally scattered low-speed airflow onto the blades, increasing the effective wind speed and volume acting on the blades and mitigating the problem of wind energy capture components being difficult to start in light wind conditions. The photovoltaic component is located at the opening of the housing, receiving solar radiation for photoelectric conversion while the housing is closed, forming a multi-source complementarity with wind power generation and alleviating the problem of intermittent power supply from a single energy source.

[0006] In the embodiments of this application, the flow cross-section of the flow channel gradually decreases from the air inlet to the air outlet of the flow channel. The air inlet of the flow channel is located near the side plate, and the air outlet of the flow channel is located near the central confluence area.

[0007] Based on the above configuration, the air inlet of the air guide channel is close to the side plate, and the air outlet is close to the central confluence area. The flow cross section gradually decreases along the airflow direction. When the airflow flows in the narrow channel, the flow velocity gradually increases, making the airflow velocity at the air outlet higher than the ambient wind speed. The high-speed airflow after convergence acts on the blades, further improving the starting torque and rotational stability of the blades, and improving the problem of low wind energy capture efficiency under low-speed and light wind conditions.

[0008] In an embodiment of this application, the wind power generation component further includes a drive shaft, the blades are fixed to the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the base plate; The wind power generation module includes a stator and a rotor, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the drive shaft. The stator is fixed axially around the drive shaft, and the rotor is connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft can drive the rotor to rotate axially around the drive shaft.

[0009] Based on the above configuration, the blades are fixed on the drive shaft and rotate synchronously with the drive shaft. The drive shaft directly drives the rotor to rotate relative to the stator, converting rotational mechanical energy into electrical energy. The transmission path is short and the energy transfer loss is small. The stator and rotor are spaced apart along the axial direction of the drive shaft, which reduces the radial dimension of the wind power generation module and makes the structure more compact. The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the base plate, ensuring smooth and reliable operation.

[0010] In the embodiments of this application, the blade is one of the following: an arc-shaped blade, an S-shaped blade, a twisted blade, a bent-twisted blade, a helical blade, or an airfoil blade.

[0011] Based on the above configuration, curved blades, S-shaped blades, twisted blades, bent-twisted blades, helical blades, and airfoil blades are all blade structures with good low-wind-speed start-up performance. They can start rotating and continuously output torque under light wind conditions. Those skilled in the art can flexibly select them according to the site wind conditions and installation space, making them highly adaptable to engineering projects.

[0012] In an embodiment of this application, the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic support plate. The photovoltaic support plate is disposed at the opening of the receiving groove and is fixedly connected to the side plate. The photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic support plate.

[0013] Based on the above setup, the photovoltaic support plate is fixed on the side plate to provide an installation foundation for the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel is fixed on the photovoltaic support plate, ensuring a reliable connection.

[0014] In an embodiment of this application, a mounting platform is provided at one end of the side plate away from the bottom plate, and the photovoltaic support plate is mounted on the mounting platform.

[0015] Based on the above setup, the mounting platform provides positioning and support for the photovoltaic support plate. During assembly, the photovoltaic support plate can be directly placed on the mounting platform for positioning, which facilitates assembly and maintenance. At the same time, the overlapping structure can evenly transfer the load of the photovoltaic module to the side plate, ensuring reliable load-bearing capacity.

[0016] In embodiments of this application, a vibration power generation component is also included, which is disposed within the receiving groove and surrounds the wind power generation module; along the direction perpendicular to the base plate, one end of the vibration power generation component facing the base plate is connected to the flow guiding component.

[0017] Based on the above configuration, the vibration power generation component is placed inside the receiving tank and surrounds the wind power generation module, making full use of the annular space around the wind power generation module. The bottom of the vibration power generation component is connected to the flow guiding component. Vehicle load vibration, wind load vibration, airflow pulsation, and device operation disturbance in the road and bridge environment can be transmitted to the vibration power generation component through the shell and the flow guiding component. The vibration power generation component converts this vibration energy into electrical energy, forming a three-source complementarity with wind and solar energy, further improving the energy utilization rate of the device. Even under conditions of no wind or insufficient sunlight, power can still be maintained through vibration power generation, enhancing the continuity of power supply.

[0018] In an embodiment of this application, the vibration power generation component includes a first annular plate, a second annular plate, and a plurality of vibration power generation units, wherein the plurality of vibration power generation units are sandwiched between the first annular plate and the second annular plate and are arranged at circumferential intervals along the first annular plate and the second annular plate. Along the direction perpendicular to the base plate, the first annular plate is disposed on the side of the vibration power generation unit away from the base plate, and the second annular plate is disposed on the side of the vibration power generation unit close to the base plate. The second annular plate is connected to the flow guiding assembly.

[0019] Based on the above configuration, multiple vibration power generation units are sandwiched between the first and second annular plates and arranged at intervals along the circumference. The two annular plates provide stable clamping and support for the vibration power generation units, while also enabling the multiple vibration power generation units to form an integral modular structure, which is convenient for assembly and replacement. The multiple vibration power generation units are evenly arranged along the circumference, and can receive environmental vibrations from all directions. No matter which direction the vibration comes from, there is a vibration power generation unit that can respond effectively, thereby improving the vibration energy capture efficiency.

[0020] In an embodiment of this application, the flow guiding assembly further includes a support column for supporting and fixing the second annular plate. Each flow guiding plate has a support column at one end near the side plate, and the support column is installed on the base plate. The support column is bent along the circumference of the base plate, and the second annular plate is fixedly connected to the support column.

[0021] Based on the above configuration, the support column is bent around the base plate, matching the bending shape of the guide plate, resulting in a compact structure. External vibrations can be directly transmitted to the second annular plate and then to the vibration power generation unit through the support column, resulting in a short vibration transmission path and low energy loss.

[0022] In an embodiment of this application, the vibration power generation unit includes a sleeve and a coil, a guide, a magnet and an elastic element disposed within the sleeve. The sleeve is fixed between the first annular plate and the second annular plate, the coil is fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the guide is fixedly connected to the sleeve. The magnet is slidably connected to the guide member, and the magnet is at least partially inserted inside the coil; one end of the elastic member abuts against the bottom surface of the sleeve, and the other end abuts against the magnet; the magnet can reciprocate along the axial direction of the sleeve when excited by vibration.

[0023] Based on the above configuration, the guide is set along the sleeve axis and fixed at both ends. The magnet is slidably set on the guide. The guide provides precise guidance for the reciprocating motion of the magnet and prevents the magnet from swaying and colliding with the inner wall of the sleeve. The elastic element is set at one end in the direction of gravity of the magnet and abuts against the sleeve and the magnet at both ends respectively. The preload of the elastic element keeps the magnet in a balanced position in a steady state. When the device is subjected to vibration excitation, the magnet compresses the elastic element under the action of inertia and reciprocates along the guide. When the magnet reciprocates in the coil, it cuts the magnetic field lines to generate induced electrical energy. The structure is simple and the response is sensitive.

[0024] Secondly, this application also provides a self-powered circuit bridge monitoring system including a power generation and energy storage device, a monitoring device, and a multi-source energy capture device based on current convergence as described in any of the above claims. The multi-source energy capture device based on current convergence is electrically connected to the power generation and energy storage device, and the power generation and energy storage device is electrically connected to the monitoring device. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the flow guiding component structure of this application is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the side plate structure of this application is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the impeller structure of this application is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the rotor and stator structure of this application is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the wind power generation shell structure of this application is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the photovoltaic support panel structure of this application is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the vibration power generation component structure of this application is shown; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the vibration power generation unit structure of this application is shown; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the monitoring system structure of this application is shown.

[0026] Figure label: 100. Housing; 110. Base plate; 120. Side plate; 130. Mounting post; 140. Mounting hole; 200. Flow guide assembly; 210. Flow guide plate; 220. Support post; 300. Wind power generation module; 310. Blade; 320. Wind power generation module; 321. Stator; 322. Rotor; 323. Wind power generation housing; 324. Screw; 330. Drive shaft; 400. Photovoltaic module; 410. Photovoltaic panel ; 420, Photovoltaic support plate; 430, Mounting platform; 500, Vibration power generation component; 510, First annular plate; 520, Second annular plate; 530, Vibration power generation unit; 531, Sleeve; 532, Coil; 533, Guide component; 534, Magnet; 535, Elastic component; 536, Protective shell; 537, Top cover; 538, Bottom cover; 540, Stud; 600, Power generation and energy storage device; 700, Monitoring device. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions herein are used to explain the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-source energy harvesting device based on current convergence, according to one embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the multi-source energy capture device based on convergence provided in this application includes a housing 100, a flow guiding component 200, a wind power generation component 300, and a photovoltaic component 400.

[0029] The housing 100 includes a bottom plate 110 and a side plate 120. The side plate 120 is disposed along the periphery of the bottom plate 110 and connected to the bottom plate 110. The side plate 120 and the bottom plate 110 enclose a receiving groove with an open structure.

[0030] On the side near the base plate 110, the side plate 120 is provided with multiple hollow areas, which are spaced apart along the periphery of the side plate 120.

[0031] The flow guiding component 200 is disposed in the receiving groove and is set in the corresponding hollow area. The flow guiding component 200 includes multiple flow guiding plates 210. The multiple flow guiding plates 210 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base plate 110 on the first surface of the base plate 110 and are bent in the same direction. The multiple flow guiding plates 210 surround to form a central converging area. A flow guiding channel is formed between two adjacent flow guiding plates 210. The flow guiding channel is used to converge the airflow to the central converging area.

[0032] The wind power generation module 300 is disposed in the receiving tank. The wind power generation module 300 includes blades 310 and a wind power generation module 320. The blades 310 are located in the central converging area and rotate under the action of the converging airflow. The wind power generation module 320 is drivenly connected to the blades 310. The photovoltaic module 400 is disposed at the opening of the receiving tank and is fixedly connected to the housing 100.

[0033] This application integrates the airflow guide component 200, wind power generation component 300, and photovoltaic component 400 into the same housing 100 within a receiving slot. Compared to traditional solutions where the photovoltaic panel 410, wind turbine, and airflow guide structure are independently installed and each occupies its own installation space, this reduces the overall size of the device and improves space utilization. After entering the receiving slot through the perforated area of ​​the side plate 120, the ambient airflow is deflected and converged into the central confluence area by the airflow guide channel formed by the airflow guide plate 210. This concentrates the originally scattered low-speed airflow onto the blades 310, increasing the effective wind speed and volume acting on the blades 310 and mitigating the problem of wind energy capture components being difficult to start in light wind conditions. The photovoltaic component 400 is positioned at the opening of the receiving slot, receiving solar radiation for photoelectric conversion while simultaneously sealing the receiving slot. This forms a multi-source complementarity with wind power generation, alleviating the problem of intermittent power supply from a single energy source.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate in one embodiment, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the base plate has a circular structure, and the entire multi-source energy capture device based on current convergence is arranged with the central axis of the base plate 110 as the reference. The base plate 110 provides a supporting foundation for the entire multi-source energy capture device based on current convergence. It should be noted that this application does not impose any restrictions on the specific material and shape of the base plate 110. In specific implementation, it can be set according to the load-bearing requirements and installation environment. For example, the base plate 110 can be made of cast iron, aluminum alloy or stainless steel, or even a square structure, as long as the base plate 110 can provide stable support for the current guiding component 200, the wind power generation component 300, and the photovoltaic component 400.

[0035] Furthermore, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a side plate structure. (Example) Figure 3 As shown, the side plate 120 is set as a cylindrical structure. It should be noted that this application does not impose any restrictions on the structure of the side plate 120. In specific implementation, it can be set according to the requirements. For example, the side plate can also be a cuboid structure, as long as the side plate can correspond to the bottom plate structure.

[0036] Combination Figures 1 to 3 In this embodiment, a mounting post 130 is provided at the end of the side plate 120 facing the base plate 110, and a mounting hole 140 is correspondingly provided on the base plate 110. The mounting hole 140 is located on the side of the flow guide assembly 200, and the mounting post 130 is inserted into the mounting hole 140 to fix the side plate 120 on the base plate 110. Based on the above configuration, the side plate 120 is inserted into the mounting hole 140 on the base plate 110 through the mounting post 130. During assembly, the housing 100 can be directly aligned and inserted into the base plate 110 to complete the positioning without additional fasteners, making assembly convenient. The mounting hole 140 is located on the side of the flow guide assembly 200, which does not occupy the space of the flow guide channel and does not affect the flow and convergence of the airflow. At the same time, the insertion structure can directly transmit the external vibrations borne by the housing 100 to the base plate 110 and the flow guide assembly 200, resulting in a short vibration transmission path.

[0037] In this embodiment, the mounting columns 130 are spaced apart to form a hollow area. It should be noted that this application does not impose any restrictions on the specific number and shape of the hollow area. In specific implementation, it can be set according to the air intake requirements and the strength of the side plate 120. For example, the hollow area can be four evenly distributed rectangular openings, or six or eight evenly distributed arc-shaped openings, as long as the hollow area can allow the ambient airflow to enter the receiving groove.

[0038] Continue reading Figure 2 , Figure 3 Further explanation of the flow guiding component 200, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the flow guiding assembly 200 is disposed within the receiving groove and corresponding to the hollowed-out area. The flow guiding assembly 200 includes multiple flow guiding plates 210, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base plate 110 and bent in the same direction on the first surface of the base plate 110. The first surface is the side surface of the base plate facing the side plate. The multiple flow guiding plates 210 surround to form a central converging area, and a flow guiding channel is formed between two adjacent flow guiding plates 210. The flow guiding channel is used to converge the airflow to the central converging area. The flow guiding plates 210 are fixed to the base plate 110, which can be achieved by welding or bolting.

[0039] Based on the above configuration, multiple guide plates 210 are bent in the same direction and arranged at intervals along the circumference. A guide channel is formed between adjacent guide plates 210. After the ambient airflow enters the receiving tank through the hollow area, it flows along the guide channel and is deflected and guided to the central confluence area.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the blade structure according to one embodiment. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the blade 310 is positioned within the central recirculation zone formed by multiple guide vanes, concentrating the originally scattered airflow onto the blade 310 and increasing the effective wind speed and volume acting on it. The curvature direction of the guide vanes 210 matches the rotation direction of the blade 310, causing the converging airflow to cut into the blade 310 along its rotation direction, creating an asymmetric pressure distribution on the surface of the blade 310. This generates a driving torque around the central axis of the blade 310, preventing the airflow from impacting the back of the blade 310 and hindering its rotation.

[0041] In the embodiments of this application, from the air inlet of the guide channel to the air outlet of the guide channel, the flow cross section of the guide channel gradually decreases. The air inlet of the guide channel is located near the side plate 120, and the air outlet of the guide channel is located near the central confluence area.

[0042] Based on the above configuration, the air inlet of the guide channel is close to the side plate 120, and the air outlet is close to the central confluence area. The flow cross section gradually decreases along the airflow direction. When the airflow flows in the narrow channel, the flow velocity gradually increases, making the airflow velocity at the air outlet higher than the ambient wind speed. The high-speed airflow after convergence flows into the central confluence area in the same swirling direction. The tangential momentum of multiple branches is superimposed on each other, reducing the collision, backflow and momentum cancellation, which further improves the starting torque and rotational stability of the blade 310 and improves the problem of low wind energy capture efficiency under low speed and light wind conditions.

[0043] It should be noted that this application does not impose any restrictions on the specific number, taper angle and tangential arrangement parameters of the guide vanes 210. In specific implementation, they can be set according to the wind field of the road and bridge environment and the installation position of the device. For example, four guide vanes 210 can be set and evenly distributed. Or, six or eight guide vanes 210 can be set and evenly distributed, as long as the guide vanes 210 can form a guiding channel and converge the airflow to the central convergence area.

[0044] See below. Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind power generation module 300 according to one embodiment, as shown below. Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the wind power generation component 300 is disposed in the receiving tank. The wind power generation component 300 includes blades 310 and wind power generation module 320. The blades 310 are disposed in the central confluence area and rotate under the action of the converging airflow. The wind power generation module 320 is connected to the blades 310 by transmission. The wind power generation module 320 is used to convert the rotational motion of the blades 310 into electrical energy.

[0045] In the embodiments of this application, the wind power generation module 300 further includes a drive shaft 330, with blades 310 fixed to the drive shaft 330, and the drive shaft 330 rotatably connected to the base plate 110. Specifically, the drive shaft 330 is axially aligned with the base plate 110. The wind power generation module 320 includes a stator 321 and a rotor 322. In this embodiment, two sets of stators 321 are provided, and the two sets of stators 321 and rotor 322 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the drive shaft 330. The two sets of stators 321 are fixed together by screws 324. The stators 321 are fixed axially around the drive shaft 330, and the rotor 322 is connected to the drive shaft 330 and can rotate axially around the drive shaft 330.

[0046] Based on the above configuration, the blade 310 is fixed on the drive shaft 330 and rotates synchronously with the drive shaft 330. The drive shaft 330 directly drives the rotor 322 to rotate relative to the stator 321, converting rotational mechanical energy into electrical energy with minimal energy transfer loss. The stator 321 and rotor 322 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the drive shaft 330 with an air gap. When the rotor 322 rotates, relative motion occurs between the magnetic field of the rotor 322 and the stator 321, thereby generating induced electrical energy in the stator 321. This axial magnetic flux structure reduces the radial dimension of the wind power generation module 320, making the structure more compact. The drive shaft 330 is rotatably connected to the base plate 110, ensuring smooth and reliable operation.

[0047] In this embodiment, the wind power generation module 320 also includes a wind power generation housing 323. The stator 321 and rotor 322 are both housed within the wind power generation housing 323. The stator 321 is clamped and fixed within the wind power generation housing 323 by fasteners such as screws 324 and nuts, maintaining a certain gap with the rotor 322. The rotor 322 is interference-fitted with the drive shaft 330 or fixedly connected by fasteners. Based on the above configuration, the wind power generation housing 323 provides a closed installation space for the stator 321 and rotor 322, preventing dust and moisture from entering and affecting power generation efficiency. The stator 321 is clamped and fixed by screws 324 and nuts, ensuring reliable connection and facilitating disassembly and maintenance. The rotor 322 is interference-fitted with the drive shaft 330, ensuring gapless transmission and high energy transfer efficiency.

[0048] It should be noted that this application does not impose any restrictions on the specific number of stators 321 and rotors 322. In specific implementations, the number can be set according to the power generation requirements. For example, eight rotors 322 and twelve stators 321 can be set; alternatively, sixteen rotors 322 and twenty-four stators 321 can be set, as long as the stators 321 and rotors 322 are arranged opposite each other and can generate induced electrical energy when they rotate relative to each other. It should also be noted that this application does not impose any restrictions on the electromechanical conversion method of the rotating power generation component. In specific implementations, the method can be selected according to the needs. For example, an electromagnetic induction structure can be used; alternatively, a triboelectric nanogenerator or a piezoelectric nanogenerator can be used, as long as it can convert rotational mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0049] In the embodiments of this application, the blade 310 is one of the following: arc blade 310, S-shaped blade 310, twisted blade 310, bent-twisted blade 310, helical blade 310, or airfoil blade 310.

[0050] Based on the above configuration, the arc-shaped blade 310, S-shaped blade 310, twisted blade 310, bent-twisted blade 310, spiral blade 310 and airfoil blade 310 are all blade structures with good low wind speed starting performance. They can start rotating and continuously output torque under light wind conditions. Those skilled in the art can flexibly select according to the site wind conditions and installation space, and they have strong engineering adaptability.

[0051] See below. Figure 1 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 7 Further explanation of photovoltaic modules, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 7As shown, the photovoltaic module 400 is disposed at the opening of the receiving groove and fixedly connected to the housing 100. In an embodiment of this application, the photovoltaic module 400 includes a photovoltaic panel 410 and a photovoltaic support plate 420. The photovoltaic support plate 420 is disposed at the opening of the receiving groove and fixedly connected to the side plate 120, and the photovoltaic panel 410 is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic support plate 420.

[0052] Based on the above configuration, the photovoltaic support plate 420 is fixed on the side plate 120 to provide an installation base for the photovoltaic panel 410. The photovoltaic panel 410 is fixed on the photovoltaic support plate 420, and the connection is reliable. The photovoltaic panel 410 also serves as the top cover 537 of the receiving groove to close the opening. There is no need to set an additional cover plate, which reduces the number of parts and makes the device structure simpler.

[0053] It should be noted that this application does not impose any restrictions on the specific number and shape of the photovoltaic panels 410. In specific implementation, the number and shape can be set according to the installation space and power generation requirements. For example, the photovoltaic panels 410 can be four rectangular panels spliced ​​together, or six or eight fan-shaped panels spliced ​​together, as long as the photovoltaic panels 410 can cover the opening of the receiving groove and receive solar radiation.

[0054] In the embodiments of this application, a mounting platform 430 protrudes from one end of the side plate 120 away from the bottom plate 110, and the photovoltaic support plate 420 is mounted on the mounting platform 430.

[0055] Based on the above configuration, the mounting platform 430 provides positioning and support for the photovoltaic support plate 420. During assembly, the photovoltaic support plate 420 can be directly placed on the mounting platform 430 to complete the positioning, which facilitates assembly and maintenance. At the same time, the overlapping structure can evenly transfer the load of the photovoltaic module 400 to the side plate 120, ensuring reliable load bearing.

[0056] See below. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vibration power generation unit according to one embodiment, as shown below. Figure 8 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the multi-source energy capture device based on convergence also includes a vibration power generation component 500, which is disposed in the receiving tank and surrounds the wind power generation module 320; along the direction of the vertical base plate 110, one end of the vibration power generation component 500 facing the base plate 110 is connected to the flow guiding component 200.

[0057] Based on the above configuration, the vibration power generation component 500 is placed inside the receiving groove and surrounds the wind power generation module 320, making full use of the annular space around the wind power generation module 320, avoiding excessive axial dimensions, and resulting in a compact structure. The bottom of the vibration power generation component 500 is connected to the flow guiding component 200. Vehicle load vibration, wind load vibration, airflow pulsation, and device operation disturbance in the road and bridge environment can be transmitted to the vibration power generation component 500 through the housing 100 and the flow guiding component 200. The vibration power generation component 500 converts this vibration energy into electrical energy, forming a three-source complementarity with wind energy and solar energy, further improving the energy utilization rate of the device. Even under conditions of no wind or insufficient sunlight, power can still be maintained through vibration power generation, enhancing the continuity of power supply.

[0058] In the embodiments of this application, the vibration power generation assembly 500 includes a first annular plate 510, a second annular plate 520, and a plurality of vibration power generation units 530. The plurality of vibration power generation units 530 are sandwiched between the first annular plate 510 and the second annular plate 520 and arranged at circumferential intervals along the first annular plate 510 and the second annular plate 520. Along the direction perpendicular to the base plate 110, the first annular plate 510 is disposed on the side of the vibration power generation unit 530 away from the base plate 110, and the second annular plate 520 is disposed on the side of the vibration power generation unit 530 close to the base plate 110. The first annular plate 510 is connected to the housing 100, and the second annular plate 520 is connected to the flow guiding assembly 200. The first annular plate 510 and the second annular plate 520 are connected by studs 540, together forming a clamping and fixing structure for the vibration power generation unit 530.

[0059] Based on the above configuration, multiple vibration power generation units 530 are sandwiched between the first annular plate 510 and the second annular plate 520 and arranged at intervals along the circumference. The two annular plates provide stable clamping and support for the vibration power generation units 530, while also enabling the multiple vibration power generation units 530 to form an integral modular structure, which is convenient for assembly and replacement. The first annular plate 510 is connected to the housing 100 and the second annular plate 520 is connected to the flow guiding component 200, so that both the upper and lower ends of the vibration power generation component 500 are fixed, the structure is stable, and the whole structure does not shake when subjected to vibration. The multiple vibration power generation units 530 are evenly arranged along the circumference, which can receive environmental vibrations from all directions. No matter which direction the vibration comes from, there is a vibration power generation unit 530 that can effectively respond, thereby improving the vibration energy capture efficiency.

[0060] In the embodiments of this application, the flow guiding assembly 200 further includes a support column 220, which is used to support and fix the second annular plate 520. Each flow guiding plate 210 is provided with a support column 220 at one end near the side plate 120, and the support column 220 is installed on the base plate 110. The support column 220 is bent along the circumference of the base plate 110, and the second annular plate 520 is placed on the support column 220 and fixedly connected to the support column 220.

[0061] Based on the above configuration, the second annular plate 520 is mounted on the support column 220, which provides vertical support for the second annular plate 520. During assembly, the vibration power generation component 500 can be directly placed on the support column 220 for positioning, facilitating assembly and maintenance. The support column 220 is connected to one end of the guide plate 210 near the side plate 120 and installed on the base plate 110. At the same time, the support column 220 is fixedly connected to the second annular plate 520, so that the support column 220 serves the dual purpose of fixing the guide plate 210 and supporting the vibration power generation component 500, reducing the need for additional support structures. The support column 220 is bent circumferentially along the base plate 110, matching the bending shape of the guide plate 210, resulting in a compact structure. External vibrations can be directly transmitted to the second annular plate 520 through the support column 220 and then to the vibration power generation unit 530, resulting in a short vibration transmission path and low energy loss.

[0062] See below. Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vibration power generation unit according to one embodiment, as shown below. Figure 9 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the vibration power generation unit includes a sleeve 531 and a coil, a guide 533, a magnet and an elastic member disposed in the sleeve 531. The sleeve 531 is fixed between the first annular plate 510 and the second annular plate 520, the coil is fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve 531, and the guide 533 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 531. The magnet is slidably connected to the guide member 533, and the magnet is at least partially inserted inside the coil; one end of the elastic member abuts against the bottom surface of the sleeve 531, and the other end abuts against the magnet, and the magnet can reciprocate along the axial direction of the sleeve 531 when it is excited by vibration.

[0063] In this embodiment, the sleeve 531 includes a protective shell 536 and a top cover 537 and a bottom cover 538 located at both ends of the protective shell 536. The coil 532, guide member 533, magnet 534, and elastic member 535 are all disposed inside the protective shell 536. The top cover 537 and bottom cover 538 respectively seal both ends of the protective shell 536. The guide member 533 can be a guide rod, which is arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve. Both ends of the guide member 533 are fixed to the top cover 537 and the bottom cover 538, respectively.

[0064] Based on the above configuration, the guide member 533 is arranged along the axis of the sleeve 531 and fixed at both ends. The magnet 534 is slidably arranged on the guide member 533. The guide member 533 provides precise guidance for the reciprocating motion of the magnet 534 and prevents the magnet 534 from swaying and colliding with the inner wall of the sleeve 531. The axis of the sleeve 531 is perpendicular to the first surface of the base plate 110. The elastic member 535 is arranged at one end in the direction of gravity of the magnet 534 and abuts against the sleeve 531 and the magnet 534 at both ends respectively. The preload of the elastic member 535 keeps the magnet 534 in a balanced position under steady state. When the device is subjected to vibration excitation, the magnet 534 can move in two directions: towards the elastic member 535 or away from the elastic member 535. When the magnet moves away from the elastic element 535, the elastic force of the elastic element 535 decreases. When the magnet 534 moves closer to the elastic element 535, it further compresses the elastic element. When the magnet 534 reciprocates within the coil 532, the coil 532 cuts the magnetic field lines to generate induced electrical energy. The structure is simple, the response is sensitive, and the operation is reliable. The top cover 537 and the bottom cover 538 seal the two ends of the protective shell 536 to prevent dust and moisture from entering the sleeve 531 and affecting the operation of the coil 532 and the magnet 534.

[0065] It should be noted that this application does not impose any restrictions on the specific form of the elastic element 535. In specific implementations, it can be set according to frequency requirements. For example, the elastic element 535 can be a cylindrical helical spring, or it can be a leaf spring, as long as the elastic element 535 can elastically support the magnet 534 and provide a restoring force. It should also be noted that this application does not impose any restrictions on the specific number of vibration power generation units 530. In specific implementations, it can be set according to the vibration environment and power generation requirements. For example, four vibration power generation units 530 can be evenly distributed, or six or eight vibration power generation units 530 can be set, as long as the multiple vibration power generation units 530 can be arranged circumferentially and convert vibration into electrical energy. Furthermore, this application does not impose any restrictions on the electromechanical conversion form of the vibration energy capture component. In specific implementations, it can be selected according to needs. For example, an electromagnetic structure can be used, or a triboelectric, piezoelectric, or composite vibration power generation structure can be used, as long as it can convert mechanical vibration into electrical energy.

[0066] The energy flow in this embodiment is as follows: solar radiation is converted into first-path DC power by photovoltaic panel 410. After anti-backflow and voltage stabilization, the first-path DC power enters the combiner module. The airflow gathered through the guide channel drives the blades 310 and the drive shaft 330 to rotate. The drive shaft 330 drives the rotor 322 to rotate relative to the stator 321, forming a second-path AC power. After rectification and voltage stabilization, the second-path AC power enters the combiner module. Vehicle load, wind load, airflow pulsation, and device operation disturbance excite the vibration power generation unit 530, causing the magnet 534 to reciprocate relative to the coil 532, forming a third-path AC power. After rectification and voltage stabilization, the third-path AC power enters the combiner module.

[0067] See below. Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring system structure of one embodiment, such as... Figure 10 As shown, this application also provides a monitoring system, which includes a monitoring device 700, a power generation and energy storage device, and the aforementioned multi-source energy capture device based on convergence. The multi-source energy capture device based on convergence is electrically connected to the power generation and energy storage device, and the power generation and energy storage device is electrically connected to the monitoring device 700. The multi-source energy capture device based on convergence provides continuous and stable power to the monitoring device 700, enabling long-term unattended operation of the road and bridge monitoring node. The monitoring device 700 includes a sensing and acquisition unit, an edge control and data processing unit, and a low-power wireless communication unit. The sensing and acquisition unit can be connected to acceleration, strain, displacement, crack, temperature and humidity, wind speed, or traffic condition sensors to collect monitoring data of the road and bridge environment. The edge control and data processing unit filters, extracts features, and performs threshold judgment on the sampled data, and switches between sleep, periodic sampling, and event-triggered modes according to the energy storage status. The low-power wireless communication unit sends the monitoring data and the device's power supply status to a remote monitoring terminal.

[0068] In another embodiment, the power generation and energy storage device 600 can be disposed inside the housing 100 or outside the convergence-based multi-source energy capture device, as long as the power generation and energy storage device 600 can be electrically connected to the convergence-based multi-source energy capture device and store electrical energy. The power generation and energy storage device 600 can be a lithium battery pack, a supercapacitor, or a hybrid energy storage structure of lithium battery and supercapacitor, and can be selected according to the power supply and range requirements during specific implementation.

[0069] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-source energy harvesting device based on convergent current, characterized in that, include: The housing includes a bottom plate and a side plate. The side plate is disposed along the periphery of the bottom plate and connected to the bottom plate. The side plate and the bottom plate enclose a receiving groove with an open structure. On the side near the bottom plate, the side plate is provided with a plurality of hollow areas, which are spaced apart along the periphery of the side plate. A flow guiding component is disposed within the receiving groove. The flow guiding component is disposed corresponding to the hollow area. The flow guiding component includes multiple flow guiding plates. The multiple flow guiding plates are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first surface of the base plate and are bent in the same direction. The multiple flow guiding plates surround to form a central converging area. A flow guiding channel is formed between two adjacent flow guiding plates. The flow guiding channel is used to converge the airflow to the central converging area. A wind power generation component is disposed in the receiving tank. The wind power generation component includes blades and a wind power generation module. The blades are disposed in the central converging area and rotate under the action of the converging airflow. The generator is drivenly connected to the blades. A photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module is disposed at the opening of the receiving slot and is fixedly connected to the housing.

2. The multi-source energy capture device based on convergent current according to claim 1, characterized in that, From the air inlet to the air outlet of the air guide channel, the flow cross-section of the air guide channel gradually decreases. The air inlet of the air guide channel is located near the side plate, and the air outlet of the air guide channel is located near the central confluence area.

3. The multi-source energy capture device based on convergent current according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The wind power generation component also includes a drive shaft, the blades are fixed to the drive shaft, and the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the base plate; The wind power generation module includes a stator and a rotor, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the drive shaft. The stator is fixed axially around the drive shaft, and the rotor is connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft can drive the rotor to rotate axially around the drive shaft.

4. The multi-source energy harvesting device based on convergent current according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The blade is one of the following: arc-shaped blade, S-shaped blade, twisted blade, bent-twisted blade, helical blade, or airfoil blade.

5. The multi-source energy harvesting device based on convergent current according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic support plate. The photovoltaic support plate is disposed at the opening of the receiving groove and is fixedly connected to the side plate. The photovoltaic panel is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic support plate.

6. The multi-source energy harvesting device based on convergent current according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side plate has a mounting platform protruding from one end away from the base plate, and the photovoltaic support plate is mounted on the mounting platform.

7. The multi-source energy harvesting device based on convergent current according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, It also includes a vibration power generation component, which is disposed in the receiving groove and surrounds the wind power generation module; along the direction perpendicular to the base plate, one end of the vibration power generation component facing the base plate is connected to the flow guiding component.

8. The multi-source energy harvesting device based on convergent current according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vibration power generation component includes a first annular plate, a second annular plate, and a plurality of vibration power generation units. The plurality of vibration power generation units are sandwiched between the first annular plate and the second annular plate and are arranged at circumferential intervals along the first annular plate and the second annular plate. Along the direction perpendicular to the base plate, the first annular plate is disposed on the side of the vibration power generation unit away from the base plate, and the second annular plate is disposed on the side of the vibration power generation unit close to the base plate. The second annular plate is connected to the flow guiding assembly.

9. The multi-source energy harvesting device based on convergent current according to claim 8, characterized in that, The flow guiding assembly further includes a support column for supporting and fixing the second annular plate. Each flow guiding plate has a support column at one end near the side plate, and the support column is installed on the base plate. The support column is bent along the circumference of the base plate, and the second annular plate is fixedly connected to the support column.

10. The multi-source energy harvesting device based on convergent current according to claim 8, characterized in that, The vibration power generation unit includes a sleeve and a coil, a guide, a magnet and an elastic element disposed inside the sleeve. The sleeve is fixed between the first annular plate and the second annular plate, the coil is fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the guide is fixedly connected to the sleeve. The magnet is slidably connected to the guide member, and the magnet is at least partially inserted inside the coil; one end of the elastic member abuts against the bottom surface of the sleeve, and the other end abuts against the magnet; the magnet can reciprocate along the axial direction of the sleeve when excited by vibration.

11. A self-powered bridge circuit monitoring system, characterized in that, It includes a power generation and energy storage device, a monitoring device, and a multi-source energy capture device based on convergence as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the multi-source energy capture device based on convergence is electrically connected to the power generation and energy storage device, and the power generation and energy storage device is electrically connected to the monitoring device.

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