Lamp
By designing the pivoting connection and pretension mechanism between the adjustable lamp body and the bracket in the lamp, combined with the feel simulation mechanism, the problem of lack of feedback during adjustment of the existing lamp is solved, and the user experience is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420414607.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-04
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-04
AI Technical Summary
The lamp body or lamp head of existing lamps lacks feedback on the feel when adjusting, resulting in poor user experience.
A lamp is designed, whose lamp body is pivotally connected to the bracket and adjust and feedback are achieved through a pretension mechanism and a hand-sensing mechanism. The feel simulation mechanism can use a combination of a telescopic pin and a mating hole, or a combination of a fixed gear and a rotating gear to provide reaction force and acoustic feedback during rotation.
It realizes flexible adjustment of the lamp body at different angles, improves the user's user experience, and allows the user to clarify the rotation angle and position of the lamp body through feel feedback.
Smart Images

Figure CN222142933U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lighting equipment, in particular to a lamp. Background Art
[0002] Lamps are common products used in people's daily life and office. Lamps are subdivided into chandeliers, spotlights, panel lights, ceiling lights, etc. In the field of panel lights, the lamp body or lamp head of existing lamps are generally fixed and cannot be adjusted. Although some lamps have adopted the design of adjusting the lamp body or lamp head, they lack the feel during the adjustment operation, and there is no feedback when turning the lamp body or lamp head to adjust it. The user experience needs to be improved. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a lamp whose lamp body can be rotated and adjusted relative to a bracket to meet the needs of different lighting angles. At the same time, a hand-feel simulation mechanism is also arranged between the lamp body and the bracket. When the user rotates and adjusts the lamp body, the hand-feel simulation mechanism will give the user hand-feel feedback, thereby improving the user's experience.
[0004] The technical solution of the utility model provides a lamp, comprising a bracket and at least one lamp body;
[0005] The lamp body is pivotally connected to the bracket, the lamp body is connected to the bracket via a pre-tightening mechanism, and the lamp body can be rotated and adjusted relative to the bracket;
[0006] Wherein, a hand-feel simulation mechanism is arranged between the lamp body and the bracket.
[0007] In one of the optional technical solutions, the hand feeling simulation mechanism includes a telescopic pin and a plurality of matching holes for matching with the telescopic pin, wherein the plurality of matching holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pivot axis of the lamp body;
[0008] The telescopic pin is arranged on the lamp body and protrudes toward the bracket side, and a plurality of matching holes are arranged at intervals on the surface of the bracket facing the lamp body side;
[0009] Alternatively, the telescopic pin is provided on the bracket and protrudes toward the lamp body, and a plurality of the matching holes are provided at intervals on the surface of the lamp body facing the bracket.
[0010] In one of the optional technical solutions, a pivot sleeve is provided on the side of the lamp body facing the bracket, and a fixing sleeve and a receiving recess are provided on the side of the bracket connected to the lamp body;
[0011] The pivot sleeve is pivotally mounted in the accommodating recess and is connected to the pivot sleeve via the pre-tightening mechanism;
[0012] The telescopic pin is arranged on the pivot sleeve and protrudes toward the receiving recess, and a plurality of the matching holes are arranged at intervals on the surface of the receiving recess;
[0013] Alternatively, the telescopic pin is arranged in the accommodating recess and protrudes toward the pivot sleeve, and a plurality of the matching holes are arranged at intervals on the surface of the pivot sleeve.
[0014] In one of the optional technical solutions, the two ends of the lamp body facing the bracket are respectively provided with a pivot sleeve;
[0015] The two ends of the side where the bracket is connected to the lamp body are respectively provided with a receiving recess, and the fixing sleeve is located between the two receiving recesses;
[0016] The two pivot sleeves are connected to the two ends of the fixed sleeve through the pre-tightening mechanism.
[0017] In one of the optional technical solutions, the pre-tightening mechanism includes a connecting bolt connecting the fixing sleeve and the pivot sleeve, a locking nut connected to an end of the connecting bolt, and an elastic gasket sleeved on the end of the connecting bolt;
[0018] The pivot sleeve has an installation cavity, the locking nut and the elastic gasket are located in the installation cavity, and the elastic gasket is clamped between the locking nut and the wall surface of the installation cavity.
[0019] In one of the optional technical solutions, a detachable end cap is provided at the end of the pivot sleeve.
[0020] In one of the optional technical solutions, the pivot sleeve is integrally connected to the lamp body, and the fixing sleeve is integrally connected to the bracket.
[0021] In one of the optional technical solutions, the lamp body includes two lamp bodies, which are located on opposite sides of the bracket. Each of the lamp bodies is connected to the bracket through a set of the pre-tightening mechanism. Each of the lamp bodies can be rotated and adjusted relative to the bracket. The hand feel simulation mechanism is configured between each of the lamp bodies and the bracket.
[0022] In one of the optional technical solutions, the lamp body includes a lamp frame, a light source arranged in the lamp frame, and a light guide plate connected to the lamp frame.
[0023] In one of the optional technical solutions, the light guide plate includes an upper light guide plate and a lower light guide plate that are arranged at an interval.
[0024] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:
[0025] The lamp provided by the utility model comprises a bracket and at least one lamp body. The lamp body and the bracket are pivotally connected and pre-tightened by a pre-tightening mechanism, so that the lamp body can be rotated relative to the bracket to adjust the angle to meet the needs of different lighting angles. At the same time, a hand-feel simulation mechanism is also configured between the lamp body and the bracket. When the user rotates to adjust the lamp body, the hand-feel simulation mechanism will give the user hand-feel feedback, thereby improving the user's use experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] The disclosure of the present invention will become easier to understand with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the drawings:
[0027] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a lamp provided by an embodiment of the utility model at a certain viewing angle;
[0028] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a lamp provided by an embodiment of the utility model at another viewing angle;
[0029] Figure 3 is a stereoscopic image of the bracket at one viewing angle;
[0030] Figure 4 is a stereoscopic image of the bracket at another viewing angle;
[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged view of part A;
[0032] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of the lamp body;
[0033] Figure 7 A three-dimensional diagram showing a telescopic pin of a hand-feel simulation mechanism installed on a pivot sleeve;
[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional view along the axial direction;
[0035] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the telescopic pin;
[0036] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the connection between the two ends of the fixed sleeve and the pivot sleeve;
[0037] Fig.11 for Fig.10 A cross-sectional view along the axial direction;
[0038] Fig.12 for Fig.11 A partial enlarged view of
[0039] Fig.13A three-dimensional diagram of a lamp provided by an embodiment of the utility model in a first state;
[0040] Fig.14 A three-dimensional diagram of the lamp provided by the embodiment of the utility model in the second state;
[0041] Fig.15 A three-dimensional diagram of the lamp provided by the embodiment of the utility model in a third state;
[0042] Fig.16 A cross-sectional view of the lamp body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The same parts are represented by the same figure numbers. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.
[0044] like Figure 1-15 As shown, a lamp provided by an embodiment of the utility model includes a bracket 1 and at least one lamp body 2.
[0045] The lamp body 2 is pivotally connected to the bracket 1 . The lamp body 2 is connected to the bracket 1 via a pre-tightening mechanism 3 . The lamp body 2 can be rotated and adjusted relative to the bracket 1 .
[0046] A hand feeling simulation mechanism 4 is disposed between the lamp body 2 and the bracket 1 .
[0047] The lamp provided by the utility model comprises a bracket 1, at least one lamp body 2, a pre-tightening mechanism 3 and a hand feeling simulation mechanism 4.
[0048] The bracket 1 can be a bracket plate, a bracket box, etc., which plays the role of installing the lamp body 2, and can also be used to install circuit boards, wires, etc. The lamp body 2 can be a panel lamp, a spotlight, etc., which has a light source inside for emitting light.
[0049] One side of the lamp body 2 is connected to the bracket 1 through a pre-tightening mechanism 3, and the lamp body 2 can rotate relative to the bracket 1 to achieve rotation adjustment of the angle. The lamp body 2 can be connected to the bracket 1 through a pivot shaft, a hinge, etc.
[0050] The pre-tightening mechanism 3 can be a bolt / screw pre-tightening mechanism, a spring pre-tightening mechanism, a damping plate mechanism, etc., which can connect the lamp body 2 to the bracket 1, allow the lamp body 2 to rotate relative to the bracket 1, and fix the lamp body 2 that has been adjusted to rotate. The pre-tightening force provided by the pre-tightening mechanism 3 can overcome the gravity of the lamp body 2, and the lamp body 2 can remain fixed relative to the bracket 1 when the lamp body 2 is not subjected to external force.
[0051] like Figure 1-2 and Figure 13-15 As shown, the lamp body 2 can be adjusted at multiple angles or positions to meet different lighting needs of users.
[0052] The hand-feel simulation mechanism 4 is assembled between the lamp body 2 and the bracket 1. When the lamp body 2 is rotated to adjust, the hand-feel simulation mechanism 4 provides a certain feedback force to the user, and the user can sense the rotation angle, position and other information of the lamp body 2. The hand-feel simulation mechanism 4 can adopt a combination of a fixed gear and a rotating gear. When the lamp body 2 is rotated, the rotating gear can rotate relative to the fixed gear, and the teeth of the two will rub, and the reaction force generated is fed back to the user, and a sound similar to "da da" is emitted. The hand-feel simulation mechanism 4 can also adopt the following combination of a telescopic pin and an assembly hole. When the lamp body 2 is rotated, the telescopic pin will be adaptively extended to cooperate with different assembly holes. When the telescopic pin is separated from the assembly hole, a reaction force is generated and fed back to the user. When the telescopic pin passes over the assembly hole, a sound similar to "da da" is emitted. After the telescopic pin is rotated to the right position and inserted into the assembly hole, the user can clearly feel the increase in resistance.
[0053] In summary, the lamp provided by the utility model includes a bracket 1 and at least one lamp body 2. The lamp body 2 is pivotally connected to the bracket 1 and pre-tightened by a pre-tightening mechanism 3, so that the lamp body 2 can be rotated relative to the bracket 1 to adjust the angle to meet the needs of different lighting angles. At the same time, a hand-feel simulation mechanism 4 is also configured between the lamp body 2 and the bracket 1. When the user rotates to adjust the lamp body 2, the hand-feel simulation mechanism 4 will give the user hand-feel feedback, thereby improving the user's experience.
[0054] In one embodiment, if Figure 5-9 As shown, the hand feeling simulation mechanism 4 includes a telescopic pin 41 and a plurality of matching holes 42 for matching with the telescopic pin 41 , wherein the plurality of matching holes 42 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pivot axis of the lamp body 2 .
[0055] The telescopic pin 41 is provided on the lamp body 2 and protrudes toward the bracket 1 , and a plurality of fitting holes 42 are provided at intervals on the surface of the bracket 1 facing the lamp body 2 .
[0056] Alternatively, the telescopic pin 41 is provided on the bracket 1 and protrudes toward the lamp body 2 , and a plurality of fitting holes 42 are provided at intervals on the surface of the lamp body 2 facing the bracket 1 .
[0057] In this embodiment, the hand feeling simulation mechanism 4 adopts a combination of a telescopic pin 41 and a plurality of matching holes 42. The plurality of matching holes 42 are arranged at intervals. Specifically, the plurality of matching holes 42 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pivot axis of the lamp body 2, that is, the plurality of matching holes 42 are arranged at intervals along the rotation direction of the lamp body 2, so as to facilitate the matching between the telescopic pin 41 and the assembly hole 42. The telescopic pin 41 is extended by the elastic member 43, and the elastic member 43 can be a spring, a spring sheet, etc. The end of the telescopic pin 41 is preferably hemispherical or conical, so as to enter and exit the assembly hole 42.
[0058] There are two ways to set the telescopic pin 41 and the matching hole 42:
[0059] The first type: the telescopic pin 41 is provided on the lamp body 2 and protrudes toward the side of the bracket 1, and a plurality of matching holes 42 are provided at intervals on the surface of the bracket 1 facing the lamp body 2. That is, a mounting hole is provided on the side of the lamp body 2, and the telescopic pin 41 is slidably installed in the mounting hole. An elastic member 43 is installed in the mounting hole to lift the telescopic pin 41 so that the telescopic pin 41 extends out and protrudes toward the side of the bracket 1. A plurality of matching holes 42 are provided at intervals on the surface of the bracket 1 facing the side of the lamp body 2, and the surface is preferably an arc-shaped concave surface, which is adapted to the rotation trajectory of the lamp body 2. When the lamp body 2 is rotated, the telescopic pin 41 rotates with the lamp body 2, and the telescopic pin 41 is forced to move out from one assembly hole 42, and then enters the next assembly hole 42, and so on.
[0060] The second type: the telescopic pin 41 is provided on the bracket 1 and protrudes toward the lamp body 2, and a plurality of matching holes 42 are provided at intervals on the surface of the lamp body 2 facing the bracket 1. That is, a mounting hole is provided on the side of the bracket 1, and the telescopic pin 41 is slidably installed in the mounting hole. An elastic member 43 is installed in the mounting hole to lift the telescopic pin 41 so that the telescopic pin 41 extends out and protrudes toward the lamp body 2. A plurality of matching holes 42 are provided at intervals on the surface of the lamp body 2 facing the bracket 1, and the surface is preferably an arc-shaped convex surface so as to maintain a consistent distance from the telescopic pin 41. When the lamp body 2 is rotated, the assembly hole 42 rotates with the lamp body 2, and the telescopic pin 41 is compressed by the hole wall of the assembly hole 42. The telescopic pin 41 moves out of one assembly hole 42 and then enters the next assembly hole 42, and so on.
[0061] In one embodiment, if Figure 3-9 As shown, a pivot sleeve 24 is provided on the side of the lamp body 2 facing the bracket 1 , and a fixing sleeve 11 and an accommodating recess 12 are provided on the side where the bracket 1 and the lamp body 2 meet.
[0062] The pivot sleeve 24 is pivotably mounted in the receiving recess 12 and is connected to the pivot sleeve 24 via the preload mechanism 3 .
[0063] The telescopic pin 41 is disposed on the pivot sleeve 24 and protrudes toward the accommodating recess 12 , and a plurality of matching holes 42 are disposed at intervals on the surface of the accommodating recess 12 .
[0064] Alternatively, the telescopic pin 41 is disposed in the accommodating recess 12 and protrudes toward the pivot sleeve 24 , and a plurality of matching holes 42 are disposed at intervals on the surface of the pivot sleeve 24 .
[0065] In this embodiment, the lamp body 2 and the bracket 1 are assembled through the pivot sleeve 24 and the fixing sleeve 11 .
[0066] The side of the lamp body 2 facing the bracket 1 is provided with a pivot sleeve 24, which can rotate integrally with the lamp body 2. The side of the bracket 1 connected to the lamp body 2 is provided with a fixing sleeve 11 and a receiving recess 12, which is located at one end of the fixing sleeve 11 and is used to receive the pivot sleeve 24.
[0067] During assembly, the pivot sleeve 24 is pivotally mounted in the receiving recess 12, the pivot sleeve 24 is aligned with the fixed sleeve 11, and then connected by the preload mechanism 3. The pivot sleeve 24 can rotate relative to the fixed sleeve 11, and the pivot sleeve 24 and the fixed sleeve 11 are limited by the preload mechanism 3 in the axial direction.
[0068] The telescopic pin 41 can be optionally arranged on the pivot sleeve 24 and protrude toward the receiving recess 12, and a plurality of matching holes 42 are correspondingly arranged on the surface of the receiving recess 12 and arranged at intervals. The surface of the receiving recess 12 is an arc-shaped concave surface arranged coaxially with the pivot sleeve 24.
[0069] Alternatively, the telescopic pin 41 may be selectively disposed in the receiving recess 12 and protrude toward the pivot sleeve 24, and a plurality of matching holes 42 are correspondingly disposed on the surface of the pivot sleeve 24 and arranged at intervals. The surface of the pivot sleeve 24 is an arc-shaped convex surface.
[0070] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-3 , Figure 6 , Figure 10-11 and Figure 13-15 As shown, a pivot sleeve 24 is provided at both ends of the lamp body 2 facing the bracket 1. An accommodating recess 12 is provided at both ends of the side where the bracket 1 and the lamp body 2 meet, and the fixing sleeve 11 is located between the two accommodating recesses 12. The two pivot sleeves 24 are connected to the two ends of the fixing sleeve 11 through the pre-tightening mechanism 3.
[0071] In this embodiment, two pivot sleeves 24 are disposed on the lamp body 2 for being assembled on both ends of the fixing sleeve 11 , thereby improving the connection stability.
[0072] In one embodiment, if Figure 8 and Figure 11-12As shown, the preload mechanism 3 includes a connecting bolt 31 connecting the fixing sleeve 11 and the pivot sleeve 24 , a locking nut 32 connected to the end of the connecting bolt 31 , and an elastic gasket 33 sleeved on the end of the connecting bolt 31 .
[0073] The pivot sleeve 24 has a mounting cavity 241 , in which the locking nut 32 and the elastic gasket 33 are located. The elastic gasket 33 is clamped between the locking nut 32 and the wall surface of the mounting cavity 241 .
[0074] In this embodiment, the pre-tightening mechanism 3 adopts a bolt pre-tightening mechanism, including a connecting bolt 31, a locking nut 32 and an elastic gasket 33. The connecting bolt 31 passes through the fixing sleeve 11, and the end of the connecting bolt 31 extends into the mounting cavity 241 of the pivot sleeve 24. Then the elastic gasket 33 is sleeved on the end of the connecting bolt 31, and the locking nut 32 is tightened on the end of the connecting bolt 31. The elastic gasket 33 is elastic and can prevent the locking nut 32 from loosening automatically. By adjusting the tightness of the locking nut 32, the pre-tightening force of the pre-tightening mechanism 3 can be adjusted.
[0075] In one embodiment, if Figure 8 and Figure 11-12 As shown, a detachable end cover 242 is provided at the end of the pivot sleeve 24 to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the locking nut 32 , the elastic gasket 33 and the connecting bolt 31 .
[0076] The end cap 242 may be snap-connected to the end of the pivot sleeve 24 .
[0077] In one embodiment, the pivot sleeve 24 is integrally connected to the lamp body 2. Specifically, the pivot sleeve 24 is integrally formed with the lamp frame 21 of the lamp body 2, which is convenient for processing and has high structural strength. The fixing sleeve 11 is integrally connected to the bracket 1, which is convenient for processing and has high structural strength.
[0078] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-2 and Figure 13-15 As shown, the lamp body 2 includes two lamp bodies 2, which are located on opposite sides of the bracket 1. Each lamp body 2 is connected to the bracket 1 through a set of pre-tightening mechanisms 3. Each lamp body 2 can be rotated and adjusted relative to the bracket 1. A hand-feel simulation mechanism 4 is configured between each lamp body 2 and the bracket 1.
[0079] In this embodiment, the lamp includes two lamp bodies 2, which increases the lighting area, enriches the adjustment postures, and can meet more needs.
[0080] In one embodiment, if Fig.16 As shown, the lamp body 2 includes a lamp frame 21 , a light source 22 disposed in the lamp frame 21 , and a light guide plate 23 connected to the lamp frame 21 .
[0081] The light source 22 can be an LED light source, and the light guide plate 23 is used to diffuse the light of the light source 22. The preload mechanism 3 is connected between the light frame 21 and the bracket 1, and the hand feeling simulation mechanism 4 is assembled between the light frame 21 and the bracket 1. The pivot sleeve 24 is connected to the light frame 21.
[0082] In one embodiment, if Fig.16 As shown, the light guide plate 23 includes an upper light guide plate 231 and a lower light guide plate 232 which are arranged at intervals, and the light source 22 is located between the upper light guide plate 231 and the lower light guide plate 232, which can realize upper and lower light emission, thus enriching the lighting mode.
[0083] Preferably, the lamp frame 21 and the light guide plate 23 are both rectangular, and the lamp body 2 is a panel lamp body.
[0084] As needed, the above technical solutions can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.
[0085] The above are only the principles and preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, on the basis of the principles of the present invention, several other modifications can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A lamp, It is characterized in that comprising a bracket and at least one lamp body; The lamp body is pivotally connected to the bracket, the lamp body is connected to the bracket via a pre-tightening mechanism, and the lamp body can be rotated and adjusted relative to the bracket; Wherein, a hand-feel simulation mechanism is arranged between the lamp body and the bracket.
2. The lamp according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The hand feeling simulation mechanism includes a telescopic pin and a plurality of matching holes for matching with the telescopic pin, wherein the plurality of matching holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pivot axis of the lamp body; The telescopic pin is arranged on the lamp body and protrudes toward the bracket side, and a plurality of matching holes are arranged at intervals on the surface of the bracket facing the lamp body side; Alternatively, the telescopic pin is provided on the bracket and protrudes toward the lamp body, and a plurality of the matching holes are provided at intervals on the surface of the lamp body facing the bracket.
3. The lamp according to claim 2, It is characterized in that A pivot sleeve is provided on one side of the lamp body facing the bracket, and a fixing sleeve and a receiving recess are provided on one side of the bracket connected to the lamp body; The pivot sleeve is pivotally mounted in the accommodating recess and is connected to the pivot sleeve via the pre-tightening mechanism; The telescopic pin is arranged on the pivot sleeve and protrudes toward the receiving recess, and a plurality of the matching holes are arranged at intervals on the surface of the receiving recess; Alternatively, the telescopic pin is arranged in the accommodating recess and protrudes toward the pivot sleeve, and a plurality of the matching holes are arranged at intervals on the surface of the pivot sleeve.
4. The lamp according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The two ends of the lamp body facing the bracket are respectively provided with a pivot sleeve; The two ends of the side where the bracket is connected to the lamp body are respectively provided with a receiving recess, and the fixing sleeve is located between the two receiving recesses; The two pivot sleeves are connected to the two ends of the fixed sleeve through the pre-tightening mechanism.
5. The lamp according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The pre-tightening mechanism comprises a connecting bolt connecting the fixing sleeve and the pivot sleeve, a locking nut connected to the end of the connecting bolt, and an elastic gasket sleeved on the end of the connecting bolt; The pivot sleeve has an installation cavity, the locking nut and the elastic gasket are located in the installation cavity, and the elastic gasket is clamped between the locking nut and the wall surface of the installation cavity.
6. The lamp according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The end of the pivot sleeve is provided with a detachable end cap.
7. The lamp according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The pivot sleeve is integrally connected to the lamp body, and the fixing sleeve is integrally connected to the bracket.
8. The lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that The lamp body includes two lamp bodies, which are located on opposite sides of the bracket. Each of the lamp bodies is connected to the bracket through a set of the pre-tightening mechanism. Each of the lamp bodies can be rotated and adjusted relative to the bracket. The hand-feel simulation mechanism is configured between each of the lamp bodies and the bracket.
9. The lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that The lamp body comprises a lamp frame, a light source arranged in the lamp frame and a light guide plate connected to the lamp frame.
10. The lamp according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The light guide plate includes an upper light guide plate and a lower light guide plate which are arranged at an interval.
