Electro-acupuncture open circuit and short circuit protection circuit
By designing a short-circuit protection circuit composed of optocoupler, comparator and diode in the electroacupuncture treatment instrument, the problem of false alarm and distinction between open circuit short-circuit is solved, and accurate alarm judgment and operation convenience is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420762851.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-12
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-12
AI Technical Summary
The detection circuit of existing electroacupuncture treatment instruments is prone to false alarm problems when the impedance of the human body changes greatly, and it is impossible to distinguish the alarm causes caused by open circuits and short circuits.
A short-circuit protection circuit for electric pins including optocouplers, comparators and diodes is designed to determine the load connection status by changing the output signal of the optocoupler, distinguish between open circuit and short-circuit alarms, and avoid false alarms.
It realizes accurate distinction between open circuit and short circuit alarms when the load connection is abnormal, avoids false alarm problems, and improves the convenience of targeted solution and maintenance for operators.
Smart Images
Figure CN222147144U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of electroacupuncture treatment protection circuits, in particular to an electroacupuncture open-short circuit protection circuit. Background Art
[0002] Electroacupuncture is a method of treating diseases by passing a trace current through the needle after the needle has penetrated the muscle tissue to obtain the needle sensation, using the dual stimulation of acupuncture and electricity to assist in the treatment of diseases. According to the requirements of the medical device industry standard "YY 0780-2018" for electroacupuncture therapeutic instruments, when the output channel with an output current effective value of 1mA or above is short-circuited or open-circuited, the therapeutic instrument should cut off the output of all channels and issue an audible and visual prompt. When using electroacupuncture and other electrical stimulation equipment for treatment, if the operating steps are incorrect and the intensity is set before the electrode is attached to the human body, due to the different physical constitutions of each person and the different tolerance to electrical stimulation, the current may be too large to cause discomfort to the user, and in severe cases, electric burns may occur. In order to apply the standard requirements and consider the safety of patient treatment, it is necessary to design an open and short-circuit protection circuit.
[0003] Commonly used circuits such as Figure 1 As shown, the voltage difference across the load impedance is collected, and the voltage difference is used to turn on the optocoupler to determine whether it is open circuit. OUT1 and OUT2 in the circuit diagram are connected to the two ends of the load respectively. When the load is connected normally, due to the existence of load impedance, OUT1 and OUT2 will form a voltage difference as the output amplitude increases. The voltage difference turns on the optocoupler ISO1, and the microcontroller port PA10 detects a low level, which is judged to be normal. When the circuit is open or short-circuited, the voltages of OUT1 and OUT2 are the same, and no voltage difference can be formed. The optocoupler is not turned on, and PA10 detects a high level, which is judged to be open or short-circuited. However, this circuit has two problems: (1) The human body impedance is affected by age and environment, and changes a lot, from more than ten KR to several MR. When the resistance is too large, the voltage difference between OUT1 and OUT2 will be too small, and the optocoupler cannot be turned on, resulting in a false alarm; (2) This circuit cannot distinguish whether the alarm is caused by an open circuit or a short circuit. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide an open-short circuit protection circuit for an electric needle to solve the problem of false alarms, and can also distinguish whether the alarm is caused by an open circuit or a short circuit.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] An electroacupuncture open-short circuit protection circuit comprises an optocoupler U1, an optocoupler U2, a first judgment circuit and a second judgment circuit. The first judgment circuit comprises a comparator U3A and the second judgment circuit comprises a comparator U3B. Two pins of an input end of the optocoupler U1 are respectively connected to OUT1 and OUT2 ends, OUT1 and OUT2 ends are used to connect two ends of a load, OUT1 and OUT2 ends are signal output ends of an electroacupuncture therapeutic apparatus, the optocoupler U1 is connected in parallel with a diode D2, one pin of an output end of the optocoupler U1 is connected to a non-inverting input end of the comparator U3A, two pins of an input end of the optocoupler U2 are connected to OUT1 and OUT2 ends, one pin of the optocoupler U1 is connected to an output end of the optocoupler U2, and the other output end of the optocoupler U2 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the comparator U3B; a diode D1 is connected in parallel to the input end of the optocoupler U2, a plug-in JP1 is provided between the OUT1 end and the diode D1, and a loop is formed when the load is short-circuited.
[0007] Furthermore, a resistor R1 is connected in series between the OUT1 and OUT2 terminals.
[0008] Furthermore, a resistor R2 is provided between the cathode of the diode D2 and the OUT2 terminal.
[0009] Furthermore, one pin of an output end of the optocoupler U1 is grounded through a resistor R3, and the other pin is connected to a +5V power supply; one pin of an output end of the optocoupler U2 is grounded through a resistor R4, and the other pin is connected to a +5V power supply.
[0010] Furthermore, the output end of the comparator U3A is connected to a resistor R7, and one end of the resistor R7 away from the comparator U3A is grounded through a resistor R8; the output end of the comparator U3B is connected to a resistor R11, and one end of the resistor R11 away from the comparator U3A is grounded through a resistor R12.
[0011] Beneficial effects of the utility model:
[0012] The utility model discloses an electroacupuncture open-short circuit protection circuit, which is composed of electronic components such as an optical coupler, a comparator, and a diode. According to the output signals of two optical couplers, it can not only alarm when the load connection is abnormal, but also distinguish whether the abnormal connection is caused by a load short circuit or a disconnection, thereby avoiding the problem of false alarms in the existing detection circuit when the human body impedance changes greatly. According to different alarm causes, the operator can solve them in a timely and targeted manner, and it is easy to use and maintain.
[0013] The circuit structure is simple, and optocouplers, comparators, diodes, etc. are all commonly used electronic components with low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 It is a detection circuit adopted by the existing detection method;
[0015] Figure 2 This is the circuit principle diagram of the electric needle open-short circuit protection circuit of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the DL signal accessing the comparator U3A;
[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the KL signal accessing the comparator U3B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0019] Embodiments of the present utility model:
[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, an electroacupuncture open-short circuit protection circuit includes an optocoupler U1, an optocoupler U2, a first judgment circuit, and a second judgment circuit. The first judgment circuit includes a comparator U3A, and the second judgment circuit includes a comparator U3B. The two pins of the input end of the optocoupler U1 are respectively connected to the OUT1 and OUT2 ends, and the OUT1 and OUT2 ends are used to connect the two ends of the load. The OUT1 and OUT2 ends are the signal output ends of the electroacupuncture therapeutic apparatus, which are described in the background technology. A resistor R1 is connected in series between the OUT1 and OUT2 ends, and a resistor R2 is provided between the cathode of the diode D2 and the OUT2 end.
[0021] The two pins of the input end of the optocoupler U2 are also connected to the OUT1 and OUT2 ends. The optocoupler U1 is connected in parallel with a diode D2. One pin of the output end of the optocoupler U1 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the comparator U3A, and the other pin is connected to the +5V power supply.
[0022] One pin of the output end of the optical coupler U2 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the comparator U3B; a diode D1 is connected in parallel to the input side of the optical coupler U2 and is connected to the OUT2 end. In this embodiment, the comparator model is LM358.
[0023] One pin of the output end of the optocoupler U1 is grounded through a resistor R3, and one pin of the output end of the optocoupler U2 is grounded through a resistor R4.
[0024] A loop is provided between the OUT1 terminal and the diode D1, and a plug-in JP1 is provided between the OUT1 terminal and the diode D1, so that a loop is formed when the load is short-circuited.
[0025] The output end of the comparator U3A is connected to a resistor R7, and the end of the resistor R7 away from the comparator U3A is grounded through a resistor R8. At the same time, the end of the resistor R7 also outputs a signal (CHECK_DL) to the AD port of the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer processes and determines whether the load connection is normal. The output end of the comparator U3B is connected to a resistor R11, and the end of the resistor R11 away from the comparator U3A is grounded through a resistor R12. At the same time, the end of the resistor R11 also outputs a signal (CHECK_KL) to the AD port of the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer processes and determines whether the load connection is normal.
[0026] The above is the main structure of the electric needle open short circuit protection circuit of the utility model, and the working principle is as follows:
[0027] OUT1 and OUT2 are connected to the two ends of the load respectively. When the load is connected normally, the high and low changes of the electrical stimulation waveform will cause the optocouplers U1 and U2 to switch with the waveform, so DL and KL are high and low changing waveforms. After comparison by two comparators, CHECK_DL and CHECK_KL input to the AD port of the microcontroller are also high and low changing waveforms, which determines that the load connection is normal.
[0028] When the load is disconnected (open circuit occurs), the output waveform of OUT1 will return to OUT2 along the diode D2 and resistor R2 to form a loop. The optocoupler U2 cannot be turned on, KL is normally low, and the CHECK_KL output is normally low. At the same time, a part of the current passes through the optocoupler U1 to form a loop, DL is still a high-low changing waveform, and after passing through the comparator U3A, CHECK_DL outputs a high-low changing waveform. This situation is judged as an open circuit alarm.
[0029] When the load is short-circuited, the output waveform of OUT1 returns to OUT2 along JP1 and diode D1 to form a loop. At the same time, part of the current will flow through the optocoupler U2, and KL will still be a high-low changing waveform. After passing through the comparator U3B, CHECK_KL outputs a high-low changing waveform. The optocoupler U1 cannot be turned on, and the DL output is always low. After passing through the comparator U3A, the CHECK_DL output is always low. This situation is judged as a short circuit alarm.
[0030] The utility model discloses an electroacupuncture open-short circuit protection circuit, which can not only alarm when the load connection is abnormal, but also distinguish whether the abnormal connection is caused by a load short circuit or a circuit break, thereby avoiding the problem of false alarms in the existing detection circuit when the human body impedance changes greatly. The operator can solve the different alarm causes in a timely and targeted manner, and the use and maintenance are convenient.
Claims
1. An electroacupuncture short circuit protection circuit, characterized in that: It includes an optocoupler U1, an optocoupler U2, a first judgment circuit, and a second judgment circuit. The first judgment circuit includes a comparator U3A, and the second judgment circuit includes a comparator U3B. The two pins of the input end of the optocoupler U1 are respectively connected to OUT1 and OUT2 ends. OUT1 and OUT2 ends are used to connect the two ends of the load. OUT1 and OUT2 ends are signal output ends of the electroacupuncture therapeutic instrument. The optocoupler U1 is connected in parallel with a diode D2. A pin of the output end of the optocoupler U1 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the comparator U3A; two pins of the input end of the optocoupler U2 are connected to OUT1 and OUT2 ends, and a pin of the output end of the optocoupler U2 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the comparator U3B; the input end of the optocoupler U2 is connected in parallel with a diode D1, and a plug-in JP1 is provided between the OUT1 end and the diode D1 to form a loop when the load is short-circuited.
2. The electroacupuncture open-short circuit protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A resistor R1 is connected in series between the OUT1 and OUT2 terminals.
3. The electroacupuncture open-short circuit protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A resistor R2 is provided between the cathode of the diode D2 and the OUT2 terminal.
4. The electroacupuncture open-short circuit protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: One pin of the output end of the optocoupler U1 is grounded through a resistor R3, and the other pin is connected to a +5V power supply; one pin of the output end of the optocoupler U2 is grounded through a resistor R4, and the other pin is connected to a +5V power supply.
5. The electroacupuncture open-short circuit protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the comparator U3A is connected to a resistor R7, and one end of the resistor R7 away from the comparator U3A is grounded through a resistor R8; the output end of the comparator U3B is connected to a resistor R11, and one end of the resistor R11 away from the comparator U3A is grounded through a resistor R12.