Micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser molten pool forming device
Through the microfocus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser melt pool forming device, the X-ray image is converted into visible light, and the in-situ dynamic observation is performed using a high-speed camera, which solves the problem of insufficient density and geometric accuracy in laser selection melting technology, and realizes the problem of insufficient density and geometric accuracy. High-precision measurement of the morphology and location of the melt pool is improved, and the product quality and processing process control capabilities of additive manufacturing are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420456128.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-11
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-03-11
AI Technical Summary
In the application of laser selection melting technology, there are problems such as insufficient density, insufficient geometric accuracy and unstable material performance, which leads to frequent occurrence of defects in the melt pool formation process, dynamic changes and printed parts, and it is difficult for the existing technology to achieve high-precision in-position. Dynamic observation.
A microfocus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser pool forming device was designed. The X-ray image is converted into visible light through a microfocus X-ray machine, image enhancer and high-speed imaging system, and the original image of the research object is carried out using a high-speed camera. Dynamic observation of position, combined with 3D printing simulator and vacuum operating chamber, achieve high-precision measurement of the morphology and position of the melt pool.
High-precision measurement of the morphology and position of the molten pool is achieved, the defect rate during the formation of the molten pool is reduced, and the quality of additive manufacturing products and real-time control capabilities of the processing process are improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222153949U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of X-rays, in particular to a micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser melting pool forming device. Background Art
[0002] X-rays are essentially electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of 0.01nm~10nm, which is a type of ionizing radiation. The use of X-rays is its penetrating property, and this property is also related to many factors. First of all, the thickness and density of the sample will have an impact on it. The most important thing is the material itself, which is closely related to the atomic coefficients of its composition. Generally speaking, the larger the atomic number of the material, the stronger the absorption of X-rays.
[0003] Laser selective melting technology has become the most promising precision processing technology in additive manufacturing with its advantages of high precision, rapid prototyping, and the ability to form complex and precise structures, and is widely used in the aerospace field; however, laser selective melting technology has problems such as substandard density, insufficient geometric accuracy, and unstable material properties in its application. The formation process and dynamic changes of the molten pool are closely related to the formation of many defects in printed parts, such as pores and cracks. It is an important bridge connecting the mechanical properties of materials and parts. At present, the defective rate of SLM technology is as high as 5% to 30%. By monitoring the dynamic morphology and position state changes of the laser molten pool, the molding quality of the SLM equipment can be controlled online, promoting the improvement of the quality of additive manufacturing products and the development of real-time process assurance technology in the processing process.
[0004] According to the above problems, how to realize the conversion of X-ray images into visible light and use a high-speed camera to perform in-situ dynamic observation of the research object is a difficult problem faced by the utility model. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser melt pool forming device, which converts X-ray images into visible light and uses a high-speed camera to perform in-situ dynamic observation of the research object, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.
[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
[0007] A micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser molten pool forming device comprises a 3D printing simulator, a micro-focus X-ray machine, an image intensifier and a high-speed imaging system, wherein the image intensifier and the high-speed imaging system are electrically connected to the 3D printing simulator and the micro-focus X-ray machine, the 3D printing simulator comprises a bracket, an optical path and a vacuum operating chamber, the optical path is mounted on the bracket through a height adjustment device, the vacuum operating chamber comprises a chamber body and a base below the chamber, the two ends of the chamber body are sealed with an upper flange and a lower flange, a laser window is provided on the upper flange, the laser window is coaxially arranged below the optical path, the laser window is subjected to coating sealing treatment, a powder bed adjustment mechanism is mounted on the lower flange inside the chamber body, a powder bed is connected to the powder bed adjustment mechanism, a glove window, an observation window and a plurality of kf flanges are arranged around the chamber body, and all of them are sealed, the micro-focus X-ray machine is mounted on the outer wall of the chamber, and the X-rays are emitted into the chamber body from the kf flange.
[0008] Preferably, the bracket is made of industrial aluminum material, and an electric z-axis adjustment device is installed on the top of the bracket to adjust the height of the entire optical path part. The electric z-axis fine-tunes the focus and has a stroke of 100 mm.
[0009] Preferably, the optical path includes a laser, a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer and a flat-field lens. The laser adopts a 500-watt single-mode fiber continuous laser. The focal length F of the flat-field lens is 160 mm. A coaxial CCD is added to the optical path to assist alignment.
[0010] Preferably, the vacuum operation chamber body is made of 304 stainless steel with surface passivation treatment, the laser window of the upper flange is sealed with silicone and coated with a 1064nm anti-reflection film, and an oxygen sensor and an air exhaust port are installed on the upper flange.
[0011] Preferably, an LED lighting lamp is installed inside the cavity, and a vacuum electrical plug is installed on the kf flange for the power supply interface. The two kf flanges at the bottom of the cavity are atmosphere circulation ports, one for outlet and one for inlet, with a speed-regulating fan in the middle for circulation. An argon inlet and a bamboo tube air inlet are provided on the lower flange.
[0012] Preferably, the powder bed adjustment mechanism is an electric xyz-axis adjustment device with a movement stroke of 10 mm. The powder bed has a quick installation method, and the powder bed is entered and exited from the glove installation port.
[0013] Preferably, a polyimide film is fixed on the kf flange for sealing.
[0014] Preferably, the micro-focus X-ray machine uses the FXE225.48 system, which is composed of a micro-focus X-ray tube, a high-voltage power supply, a high-voltage cable, a turbo vacuum pump and a vacuum sensor.
[0015] Preferably, the image intensifier and high-speed imaging system are equipped with high-performance chips for real-time data transmission and image processing.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0017] The utility model combines and assembles modules such as a microfocus X-ray machine, an image intensifier, a computer image processing system, a mechanical transmission system, an electrical control system, a monitoring system, and a 3D printing simulator to convert X-ray images into visible light and use a high-speed camera to perform in-situ dynamic observation of the research object, thereby achieving high-precision measurement of the molten pool morphology and position, the molten pool formation process, and non-steady-state flow behavior. The device is easy to install and can be modularly integrated into the laser selective melting equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the 3D printing simulator;
[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the vacuum operation chamber;
[0021] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the interior of the vacuum operation chamber;
[0022] Figure 5 It is a top view of the interior of the vacuum operation chamber;
[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a microfocus X-ray machine.
[0024] Reference numerals
[0025] 1. Bracket, 2. Optical path, 3. Vacuum operation chamber, 4. Chamber, 5. Upper flange, 6. Lower flange, 7. Electric z-axis adjustment device, 8. Laser window, 9. Electric xyz-axis adjustment device, 10. Powder bed, 11. Glove window, 12. Observation window, 13. Base, 14. Microfocus X-ray machine, 15. Air exhaust port, 16. X-ray incident window, 17. Atmosphere circulation port, 18. Argon gas inlet, 19. Bamboo tube air inlet, 20. kf flange, 21. X-ray emission port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
[0027] like Figure 1As shown, the micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser melting pool forming device includes a 3D printing simulator, a micro-focus X-ray machine 14, an image intensifier and a high-speed imaging system. The image intensifier and the high-speed imaging system are electrically connected to the 3D printing simulator and the micro-focus X-ray machine 14. The image intensifier and the high-speed imaging system are equipped with high-performance chips for real-time data transmission and image processing.
[0028] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the 3D printing simulator includes a bracket 1, an optical path 2 and a vacuum operation chamber 3. The optical path 2 is installed on the bracket 1 through a height adjustment device. The bracket 1 is made of industrial aluminum material. An electric z-axis adjustment device 7 is installed on the top of the bracket 1 to adjust the overall height of the optical path 2. The electric z-axis fine-tunes the focus, and the stroke is 100 mm.
[0029] The vacuum operation chamber 3 includes a chamber body 4 and a base 13 below the chamber body. The two ends of the chamber body 4 are sealed with an upper flange 5 and a lower flange 6. A glove window 11, an observation window 12 and a plurality of kf flanges 20 are arranged around the chamber body 4. The glove window 11, the observation window 12 and the kf flanges 20 are all sealed. A polyimide film is fixed on the kf flange 20 for sealing. The kf flanges 20 are backed up around to facilitate the subsequent installation of other equipment.
[0030] A laser window 8 is provided on the upper flange 5, and the laser window 8 is coaxially arranged below the optical path 2. The laser window 8 is subjected to coating sealing treatment. A powder bed adjustment mechanism is installed on the lower flange 6 inside the cavity 4. The powder bed adjustment mechanism is an electric xyz-axis adjustment device 9 with a movement stroke of 10 mm. A powder bed 10 is connected to the electric xyz-axis adjustment device 9. The powder bed 10 has a quick installation method, and the powder bed 10 is entered and exited from the installation port of the glove window 11. A microfocus X-ray machine 14 is installed on the outer wall of the cavity 4, and X-rays are emitted into the cavity 4 from the X-ray incident window 16.
[0031] Optical path 2 includes a laser, a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer and a flat-field lens. The laser uses a 500-watt single-mode fiber continuous laser, the focal length F of the flat-field lens is 160 mm, and a coaxial CCD is added to the optical path to assist in alignment.
[0032] like Figure 3-5 As shown, the main body of the vacuum operation chamber 3 is made of 304 stainless steel with surface passivation treatment, the laser window 8 of the upper flange 5 is equipped with silicone seal and coated with a 1064nm anti-reflection film, and an oxygen sensor and an air exhaust port 15 are installed on the upper flange 5;
[0033] An LED lighting lamp is installed inside the cavity 4, and a vacuum electrical plug is installed on the kf flange 20 for the power supply interface. The two kf flanges 20 at the bottom of the cavity 4 are atmosphere circulation ports 17, one for outlet and one for inlet, and a speed-adjustable fan is used for circulation in the middle. An argon gas inlet 18 and a bamboo tube air inlet 19 are provided on the lower flange 6.
[0034] like Figure 6 As shown, the micro-focus X-ray machine 14 uses the FXE225.48 system, which consists of a micro-focus X-ray tube, a high-voltage power supply, a high-voltage cable, a turbo vacuum pump and a vacuum sensor. X-rays are emitted from the X-ray emission port 21 at the bottom of the micro-focus X-ray machine 14 through the X-ray incident window 16 into the cavity 4.
[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims
1. Micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser molten pool forming device, characterized by: It includes a 3D printing simulator, a microfocus X-ray machine, an image intensifier and a high-speed imaging system. The image intensifier and the high-speed imaging system are electrically connected to the 3D printing simulator and the microfocus X-ray machine. The 3D printing simulator includes a bracket, an optical path and a vacuum operating chamber. The optical path is installed on the bracket through a height adjustment device. The vacuum operating chamber includes a cavity and a base below the cavity. The two ends of the cavity are covered with an upper flange and a lower flange. The upper flange is provided with a laser window, which is coaxially arranged below the optical path. The laser window is coated and sealed. A powder bed adjustment mechanism is installed on the lower flange inside the cavity, and a powder bed is connected to the powder bed adjustment mechanism. A glove window, an observation window and several kf flanges are arranged around the cavity, and all are sealed. The microfocus X-ray machine is installed on the outer wall of the cavity, and X-rays are emitted into the cavity from the kf flange.
2. The micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser molten pool forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket is made of industrial aluminum material, and an electric z-axis adjustment device is installed on the top of the bracket to adjust the height of the entire optical path part. The electric z-axis adjustment device fine-tunes the focus, and the stroke is 100mm.
3. The micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser molten pool forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical path includes a laser, a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer and a flat field lens. The laser adopts a 500-watt single-mode fiber continuous laser. The focal length F of the flat field lens is 160 mm. A coaxial CCD is added to the optical path to assist alignment.
4. The micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser molten pool forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum operation chamber body is made of 304 stainless steel with surface passivation treatment; the laser window of the upper flange is equipped with silicone seal and coated with a 1064nm anti-reflection film, and an oxygen sensor and an air exhaust port are installed on the upper flange.
5. The micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser molten pool forming device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An LED lighting lamp is installed inside the cavity, and a vacuum electrical plug is installed on the kf flange for the power supply interface. The two kf flanges at the bottom of the cavity are atmosphere circulation ports, one for outlet and one for inlet, and a speed-adjustable fan is used for circulation in the middle. An argon gas inlet and a bamboo tube air inlet are opened on the lower flange.
6. The micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser molten pool forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder bed adjustment mechanism is an electric xyz axis adjustment device with a movement stroke of 10 mm. The powder bed has a quick installation method, and the powder bed is entered and exited from the glove installation port.
7. The micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser molten pool forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A polyimide film is fixed on the kf flange for sealing.
8. The micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser molten pool forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-focus X-ray machine adopts the FXE225.48 system, which is composed of a micro-focus X-ray tube, a high-voltage power supply, a high-voltage cable, a turbo vacuum pump and a vacuum sensor.
9. The micro-focus X-ray in-situ high-speed imaging laser melting pool forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image intensifier and high-speed imaging system are equipped with high-performance chips for real-time data transmission and image processing.