Solar cell laminated structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a solar cell lamination structure, comprising a photovoltaic assembly frame and a photovoltaic assembly lamination member, and the photovoltaic assembly lamination member comprises front plate glass, a top layer cell, a front layer adhesive film, a bottom layer cell, a rear layer adhesive film and a back plate which are arranged in the photovoltaic assembly frame from top to bottom in sequence. The front-layer adhesive film is arranged between the top-layer battery and the bottom-layer battery, so that the top-layer battery does not need to be directly prepared on the surface of the bottom-layer battery, the process difficulty is reduced, and battery electrodes cannot be damaged in the battery preparation process; the production process is basically consistent with the conventional assembly production process, the process is mature, the yield is high, other auxiliary materials do not need to be added, and the cost is low; the top-layer cell of the perovskite cell is directly prepared on the front plate glass, light rays directly irradiate the top-layer cell after penetrating through the front plate glass, light ray loss after penetrating through a front-layer adhesive film is avoided, and the assembly efficiency is improved; the parallel top cell and the bottom cell reduce the risk of the photovoltaic cell in an abnormal state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic cells and relates to a solar cell stacking structure. Background Art

[0002] With the deterioration of the global environment and the depletion of fossil fuels, the photovoltaic industry is booming, and the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules is constantly breaking through. At present, the highest conversion efficiency of conventional crystalline silicon cells has reached 26%, close to the theoretical maximum conversion efficiency limit of 29.4%. It is urgent to explore the next generation of photovoltaic cell structures and break through the conversion efficiency limit.

[0003] At present, conventional stacked cells are connected in series, that is, the top cell and the bottom cell are connected in series to increase the output voltage of the photovoltaic module. However, due to the different material properties of the top cell and the bottom cell, the series connection can easily lead to an imbalance in the series voltage within the string, affecting the power distribution of the cells within the string and the power output of the entire module. At the same time, different material properties also lead to different lifespans. The attenuation of the top cell in the series connection will affect the power generation efficiency of the bottom cell. In the case of series connection, the failure of the top cell or the bottom cell will affect the output of the entire string, and the failure probability will be greatly increased. In addition, the top cell needs to be prepared directly on the bottom cell, and there is a risk of damaging the battery electrode during the preparation of the battery. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a solar cell stacking structure.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0006] The solar cell stacking structure comprises a photovoltaic module frame and a photovoltaic module laminate, wherein the photovoltaic module laminate comprises a front plate glass, a top layer battery, a front layer film, a bottom layer battery, a rear layer film and a back plate which are sequentially arranged in the photovoltaic module frame from top to bottom, wherein the top layer battery is prepared on the front plate glass, the top layer battery and the bottom layer battery are fixed by the front layer film, the bottom layer battery and the back plate are fixed by the rear layer film, and the top layer battery and the bottom layer battery are connected in parallel.

[0007] Preferably, the top layer cell can be prepared on the front glass by large-area spin coating.

[0008] Preferably, the back panel may be made of glass.

[0009] Preferably, a slot for accommodating a laminate of the photovoltaic module is provided on the photovoltaic module frame.

[0010] Preferably, the top cell is a perovskite cell, and the bottom cell is a crystalline silicon cell.

[0011] Preferably, the front layer of adhesive film and the back layer of adhesive film are melted by high temperature and high pressure.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0013] In the utility model, a front layer of adhesive film is arranged between the top layer battery and the bottom layer battery, so there is no need to directly prepare the top layer battery on the surface of the bottom layer battery, and there is no need to prepare an intermediate composite layer, so the process difficulty is reduced, and the battery electrode will not be damaged during the preparation of the battery; it is basically consistent with the production process of conventional components, the process is mature and the yield rate is high, no other auxiliary materials need to be added, and the cost is low; the top layer battery of the perovskite battery is directly prepared on the front plate glass, and after the light passes through the front plate glass, it directly shines on the top layer battery, and there is no light loss after penetrating the front layer of adhesive film, thereby improving the efficiency of the component; when one of the top and bottom batteries in parallel fails, it will not affect the operation of the entire circuit, thereby reducing the risk of photovoltaic cells in abnormal conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module frame structure of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a parallel circuit between the top battery and the bottom battery of the utility model.

[0017] In the figure: 1. PV panel frame; 2. Front glass; 3. Top battery; 4. Front film; 5. Bottom battery; 6. Back film; 7. Back panel; 8. Card slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0019] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a solar cell stacking structure includes a photovoltaic module frame 1 and a photovoltaic module laminate, wherein the photovoltaic module laminate is embedded in the photovoltaic module frame 1;

[0020] The photovoltaic module laminate comprises a front glass 2, a top battery 3, a front adhesive film 4, a bottom battery 5, a back adhesive film 6 and a back sheet 7 which are sequentially arranged in a photovoltaic module frame 1 from top to bottom. The top battery 3 is prepared on the front glass 2. The top battery 3 is directly prepared on the front glass 2. After passing through the front glass, the light is directly irradiated on the top battery 3. There is no light loss after penetrating the front adhesive film, which reduces the packaging loss of the photovoltaic module and improves the module efficiency.

[0021] The top battery 3 and the bottom battery 5 are fixed by the front layer adhesive film 4, the bottom battery 5 and the back plate 7 are fixed by the rear layer adhesive film 6, and the top battery 3 and the bottom battery 5 are separated by the front layer adhesive film 4. The battery electrode will not be damaged during the preparation process, and there is no need to prepare the top battery 3 on the surface of the bottom battery 5, which reduces the process difficulty;

[0022] The top battery 3 and the bottom battery 5 are connected in parallel. When one of the top battery 3 and the bottom battery 5 fails, it will not affect the operation of the entire circuit, thereby reducing the risk of photovoltaic cells in abnormal conditions.

[0023] Furthermore, the top layer cell 3 can be prepared on the front plate glass 2 by using a large area spin coating method.

[0024] Furthermore, the back plate 7 can be made of glass.

[0025] Furthermore, the photovoltaic module frame 1 is provided with a slot 8 for accommodating the photovoltaic module laminate.

[0026] Furthermore, the top cell 3 is a perovskite cell, and the bottom cell 5 is a crystalline silicon cell; a perovskite solar cell refers to a mineral with a chemical formula of CaTiO3 and a metal oxide with a CaTiO3 structure. Today, perovskite has become a term for a substance with a chemical formula of ABX3. Perovskite has excellent photoelectric conversion performance and a continuously adjustable band gap. The band gap and energy level distribution can be continuously adjusted by controlling A, B, and X. Therefore, perovskite can be used with crystalline silicon solar cells, and the band gap width is from small to large, and the spectral band is from long to short. From bottom to top, the shortest wavelength light is used by the outermost wide-gap perovskite cell, and the longer wavelength light can be transmitted in and used by the bottom cell (5) with a narrower band gap. This reduces the energy loss of carriers in single-junction cells, broadens the scope of utilization of the solar spectrum, and realizes all-round absorption of photons. The efficiency of the stacked cell can break through the Shockley-Queisser (SQ) limit, and the theoretical maximum limit can be widened to more than 46%.

[0027] Furthermore, the front layer adhesive film 4 and the back layer adhesive film 6 are melted by high temperature and high pressure, and the top layer battery 3, the bottom layer battery 5 and the back plate are firmly fixed after the front layer adhesive film 4 and the back layer adhesive film 6 are melted by high temperature and high pressure.

[0028] Working principle: The utility model uses a front layer of adhesive film 4 to be set between the top battery 3 and the bottom battery 5. The top battery 3 and the bottom battery 5 are separated by the front layer of adhesive film 4. The battery electrode will not be damaged during the preparation process, and there is no need to prepare the top battery 3 on the surface of the bottom battery 5. The process difficulty is reduced and the yield rate is improved; the top battery 3 adopts a perovskite battery, and the bottom battery 5 adopts a crystalline silicon battery, so that the stacked battery is more efficient; the top battery 3 and the bottom battery 5 are connected in parallel, and the perovskite battery is prepared on the front glass of a conventional photovoltaic module. The top battery 3 and the bottom battery 5 are connected in parallel, which can increase the output current to meet the power supply load demand. The parallel connection does not require all the top batteries 3 and the bottom batteries 5 to have similar performance. When one of the batteries fails, it will not affect the operation of the entire circuit, thereby reducing the risk of photovoltaic cells in abnormal conditions.

[0029] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell stack structure, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises a photovoltaic module frame (1) and a photovoltaic module laminate, wherein the photovoltaic module laminate comprises a front plate glass (2), a top layer battery (3), a front layer adhesive film (4), a bottom layer battery (5), a back layer adhesive film (6) and a back plate (7) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the photovoltaic module frame (1), wherein the top layer battery (3) is prepared on the front plate glass (2), the top layer battery (3) and the bottom layer battery (5) are fixed by the front layer adhesive film (4), the bottom layer battery (5) and the back plate (7) are fixed by the back layer adhesive film (6), and the top layer battery (3) and the bottom layer battery (5) are connected in parallel.

2. The solar cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top layer battery (3) can be prepared on the front plate glass (2) by using a large-area spin coating method.

3. The solar cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back plate (7) may be made of glass.

4. The solar cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module frame (1) is provided with a slot (8) for accommodating a photovoltaic module laminate.

5. The solar cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cell (3) is a perovskite cell, and the bottom cell (5) is a crystalline silicon cell.

6. The solar cell stack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front layer adhesive film (4) and the rear layer adhesive film (6) are melted using high temperature and high pressure.

Images