Fabricated mounting structure of prefabricated staircase

Abstract

The utility model provides an assembly type mounting structure of a prefabricated stair, which is used for solving the problem that a sliding support at the lower end of the prefabricated stair is easy to fatigue and damage in the prior art. The prefabricated staircase is composed of a reinforcement cage and concrete, the upper end of the prefabricated staircase is a movable end, and the movable end is provided with at least one inserting structure. A rectangular groove is formed in the lap joint area of the floor layer, a guide protrusion is arranged in the rectangular groove, the guide protrusion is connected with the insertion structure in an inserted mode, a telescopic space is formed between the guide protrusion and the insertion structure, the lower end of the stair body is a fixed end, and a steel bar for secondary pouring connection is arranged at the fixed end. The conversion platform is connected with the fixed end in a secondary pouring mode. The upper ends are movably connected, and the movable joint only bears the vibration force from an earthquake and basically does not bear the self weight of the prefabricated staircase, so that the strength design of the movable connection is greatly simplified, and the design difficulty of the movable connection is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of assembled buildings, in particular to a prefabricated staircase suitable for the field of assembled buildings. Background Art

[0002] Prefabricated stairs are one of the important components in prefabricated buildings, and they are mostly in the form of reinforced concrete prefabricated stairs. As an important performance indicator of prefabricated stairs, earthquake resistance is widely designed. In the prior art, in order to improve the earthquake resistance of prefabricated stairs in prefabricated buildings, a sliding support is usually provided at the lower end of the prefabricated stairs and the overlapping floor layer, that is, a sliding connection is formed between the prefabricated stairs and the lower floor, forming an active fit, to improve the earthquake resistance of the prefabricated stairs.

[0003] As far as the present inventors know, the lower end connection of the prefabricated staircase is usually carried out by a sliding support. That is to say, in the existing prefabricated staircase assembly construction method, the upper end is fixedly connected and the lower end is slidably connected.

[0004] For example, CN205531084U discloses a structure with a graphite sliding support. The design highlight of this structure is that a graphite layer is arranged at the mating surface of the interactive support in the sliding support at the lower end of the stairs. The thickness of the graphite layer is about 3 mm. The sliding performance of the support is improved by the setting of the graphite layer, that is, the sliding ability between the prefabricated stairs and the floor layer is improved, thereby improving the seismic performance of the prefabricated stairs.

[0005] For example, CN203008257U discloses a concrete prefabricated stair sliding support, which is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and is L-shaped as a whole. That is, the anti-seismic performance of the prefabricated staircase is achieved by the sliding performance of the polytetrafluoroethylene material itself.

[0006] The above two sliding supports are installed at the lower end of the prefabricated staircase, that is, the lower end is slidably connected. The upper end of the prefabricated staircase is usually fixedly connected to the floor layer, that is, it is basically fixed, for example, it is fixed to the upper floor layer by secondary grouting. In fact, through mechanical analysis, it can be known that the upper end of the prefabricated staircase bears very little self-weight of the staircase, and because it is a fixed connection, it is almost not subjected to earthquake vibration.

[0007] Prefabricated stairs are in an oblique direction after installation, and are a typical oblique component. Therefore, after decomposing the force at the lower end of the prefabricated stairs, it is found that in the height direction, the jumping vibration of the lower end of the prefabricated stairs can absorb part of the seismic energy. In the horizontal direction, it needs to be graded. Specifically, in a non-seismic state, the connection point should be in a stable state, that is, the prefabricated stairs are in a stable state as a whole and do not shift. In an earthquake state, the connection point should have local damage, that is, through the local damage between the lower end of the prefabricated stairs and the floor, part of the seismic energy can be absorbed, thereby achieving the purpose of earthquake resistance.

[0008] As a result, the phenomenon that occurs is that after a strong earthquake, the upper end of the prefabricated staircase is usually in a safe state, while the lower end suffers partial damage prematurely until the connection fails. Therefore, the sliding bearing at the lower end of the prefabricated staircase is subjected to complex stress conditions and is prone to fatigue failure in many cases. However, the method of increasing the sliding bearing will significantly increase the cost. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides an assembled installation structure of a prefabricated staircase, which is used to solve the problem in the prior art that a sliding support at the lower end of the prefabricated staircase is prone to fatigue damage.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0011] The prefabricated staircase comprises a staircase body composed of a steel cage and concrete, and is characterized in that the upper end of the staircase body is a movable end, and the movable end is provided with a plug-in structure; the plug-in structure is consistent with the direction of the staircase; the lower end of the staircase body is a fixed end, and the fixed end is provided with steel bars for secondary pouring connection.

[0012] The plug-in structure is an inverted trapezoidal groove with a small upper end and a large lower end.

[0013] The plug-in structure is an inverted trapezoidal groove with a larger upper end and a smaller lower end.

[0014] The surface of the trapezoidal groove is provided with a wear-resistant layer.

[0015] An assembled installation structure of a prefabricated staircase comprises a prefabricated staircase and a floor layer and a transfer platform for installing the prefabricated staircase respectively, wherein the prefabricated staircase is a prefabricated component composed of a steel cage and concrete, and is characterized in that:

[0016] The upper end of the prefabricated staircase is a movable end, and the movable end is provided with at least one plug-in structure; the plug-in structure is consistent with the direction of the staircase;

[0017] The overlapping area of ​​the floor layer is a rectangular groove, and a guide protrusion is arranged in the rectangular groove. The guide protrusion and the plug-in structure are plug-connected to each other, and a telescopic space is arranged between the two, so that the floor layer is slidably connected to the upper end of the prefabricated staircase.

[0018] The lower end of the prefabricated staircase is a fixed end, and the fixed end is provided with steel bars for secondary pouring connection, and the transfer platform is connected to the fixed end by secondary pouring.

[0019] The guide protrusion is a right-standing trapezoidal cross section, and correspondingly, the plug-in structure is an inverted trapezoidal groove with a larger upper end and a smaller lower end.

[0020] The guide protrusion is an inverted trapezoidal cross section, and the plug-in structure is an inverted trapezoidal groove with a small upper end and a large lower end.

[0021] A polytetrafluoroethylene plate is arranged at the matching surface of the guide protrusion and the plug-in structure.

[0022] The telescopic space is filled with a foamed elastic body.

[0023] The matching surfaces of the guide protrusion and the plug-in structure are filled with emulsified asphalt.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0025] In the utility model, for the installation nodes of the prefabricated stairs, a sliding connection at the upper end and a fixed connection at the lower end are adopted, and the connection method is changed by using reverse thinking. Through the improvement, after the prefabricated stairs are installed, both the strength and the seismic resistance of the sliding support (mechanism) are greatly improved.

[0026] The upper end is movable connected. The movable connection only bears the vibration force from the earthquake and basically does not bear the dead weight of the prefabricated stairs, which greatly simplifies the strength design of the movable connection and reduces the design difficulty of the movable connection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the installation status of the prefabricated staircase of the utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Full cross-sectional view.

[0029] Figure 3 Longitudinal section view of the installation node at the upper end of the prefabricated stairs Figure 1 .

[0030] Figure 4 Longitudinal section view of the installation node at the upper end of the prefabricated stairs Figure 2 .

[0031] Figure 5 Transverse cross-sectional view of the installation node at the upper end of the prefabricated stairs.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a prefabricated staircase.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the prefabricated staircase of Example 2.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a transverse cross-sectional view of the upper end mounting structure of the second embodiment.

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a prefabricated staircase, in which rubber blocks are pre-integrated into the prefabricated staircase.

[0036] In the figure: 100 lower end, 110 secondary pouring area,

[0037] 200 movable end, 210 trapezoidal groove,

[0038] 300 floor layer, 310 overlap area, 311 guide protrusion, 312 high-strength anti-rust bolt, 320 expansion space, 321 rubber block,

[0039] 400 conversion platform,

[0040] 500 wear layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The installation sliding principle of the traditional prefabricated staircase is that the upper end is fixedly connected, the connection method is secondary casting, and the lower end is connected by a sliding support. The prefabricated staircase in the utility model is also used in prefabricated buildings, refer to Figures 1 to 6 The biggest innovation is that the lower end adopts secondary concrete pouring and the upper end adopts sliding connection. This installation method makes the sliding connection node at the upper end of the prefabricated stairs bear less pressure, and most of it is borne by sliding force, which can effectively reduce the design difficulty and design cost of the upper end of the prefabricated stairs. The technology of the utility model is introduced in detail.

[0042] In the first embodiment, the prefabricated staircase of the present invention adopts a reinforced concrete structure, that is, the prefabricated staircase has a steel cage inside, and the steel cage has a special structural design. Specifically, the steel cage is formed by crisscrossing steel bars. The main part of the prefabricated staircase, such as the preset lifting ears, is basically the same as the prefabricated staircase structure in the prior art, and this embodiment will not be described in more detail.

[0043] In this embodiment, the focus is on the end structure of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stairs. According to the functional division, the upper end of the prefabricated stairs is marked as a movable end, and the lower end is marked as a fixed end. That is to say, the upper end of the prefabricated stairs is a movable connection method, and the lower end adopts a fixed connection. When a geological disaster such as an earthquake occurs, the prefabricated stairs are isolated from the main building through the movable connection at the upper end, interrupting the conduction of seismic waves or seismic forces and avoiding overall damage to the main building.

[0044] At the fixed end of the precast staircase, the steel bars are exposed. The exposed steel bars are used to overlap with the transfer platform beams, and a secondary casting process is used to achieve the connection between the precast staircase and the lower transfer platform beams.

[0045] The exposed steel bars at the fixed end of the lower end 100 can be a U-shaped closed structure, an L-shaped open structure, or a combination of the two. In the present embodiment, exposed connecting steel bars are provided on three sides of the fixed end. Similarly, connecting steel bars are also provided at the installation location of the overlapping crossbeam of the conversion platform 400. After the two are overlapped, concrete is poured here to form a secondary pouring connection. After the secondary pouring area 110 hardens, a fixed connection is formed.

[0046] Through the above connection technology, the lower end of the prefabricated staircase is connected to the transfer platform beam for a secondary fixed connection. The connection node is fixed, that is, a permanent connection. After the connection is completed, a permanent connection is formed. Whether in normal use or in an earthquake state, the connection is in a fixed or nearly fixed and reliable state.

[0047] The upper end of the prefabricated staircase is the movable end 200. The so-called movable end in this embodiment is not a state with a large range of movement, but a hierarchical active state. It can be understood that when the movable state meets a certain vibration intensity, the movable end is in an active connection state. In the non-earthquake situation, the movable end is in a basically fixed state, that is, an inactive state. The conversion between the active state and the inactive state depends on the activation threshold of the movable end. The following section describes the connection of the movable end in detail.

[0048] The movable end 200 is a part of the reinforced concrete of the prefabricated staircase as a whole, that is, a part of the prefabricated staircase extending upward.

[0049] The movable end 200 adopts a wedge-shaped slide structure to be movably connected with the beam or floor where the floor layer overlaps with it. The specific structure is as follows:

[0050] At the location where the movable end 200 is located, a trapezoidal groove 210 is provided on the prefabricated staircase. The trapezoidal groove 210 is arranged horizontally and is consistent with the direction of the staircase, that is, it is perpendicular to the staircase steps. There are two trapezoidal grooves 210, and the opening of the trapezoidal groove is small at the upper end and large at the lower end. Correspondingly, an overlapping area 310 is provided on the floor layer 300 overlapping with the staircase on the upper side. The overlapping area 310 is a rectangular groove as a whole, and two trapezoidal guide protrusions 311 are arranged in the rectangular groove. The guide protrusions are part of the floor layer, and the material is also a reinforced concrete structure. That is to say, the guide protrusions 311 are prefabricated on the floor layer 300 by prefabricated molding. The guide protrusions 311 are used for sliding cooperation with the trapezoidal grooves 210 on the prefabricated staircase, that is, the trapezoidal grooves are aligned with the two guide protrusions to form a sliding cooperation. Further, the guide protrusions are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the staircase, that is, the prefabricated staircase has sliding space only in its longitudinal direction.

[0051] In the above structure, the upper ends of the prefabricated stairs on both sides of the guide protrusion and the trapezoidal groove are both concrete structures.

[0052] After the movable end 200 is installed, there is a telescopic space 320 between the movable end of the prefabricated staircase and the rectangular groove where the overlap area 310 is located. Figure 1 In the figure, the telescopic space is indicated. The existence of the telescopic space enables the movable end to have movable space relative to the upper floor layer. Usually, the movable range of the telescopic space 320 is not more than 5 cm, and there is enough telescopic space. A rubber block 321 or other elastic body is placed in the telescopic space 320, such as a rubber block with a compression rate of 50%, an inflatable airbag, etc. Under normal conditions, it is used to fill the telescopic space, and under earthquake conditions, it is used to provide a rebound space. A dust cover is provided on the top of the telescopic space, for example, a dust cover made of a stainless steel sheet, and the dust cover is buckled on the top of the rubber block to form a protection. Under normal circumstances, the dust cover is in a static state, that is, a non-fitting state, to protect the telescopic space from dust. When an earthquake occurs, it will deform to provide a telescopic space for the upper end of the prefabricated staircase.

[0053] Furthermore, a wear-resistant layer 500 is provided in the sliding mating surface between the movable end 200 of the prefabricated staircase and the floor layer, for example, a wear-resistant layer made of a steel plate, or a wear-resistant layer of a polytetrafluoroethylene plate. In a feasible manner, in this embodiment, the wear-resistant layer is pre-fixed on the prefabricated staircase and the floor layer by pre-embedded means. Figure 6 In the process step of prefabrication of the movable end, a polytetrafluoroethylene plate is arranged at the movable end, and the corresponding contour of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate is a trapezoidal slope, and the movable end is formed by prefabrication.

[0054] During the construction process, emulsified asphalt is used to bond the movable end 200 and the floor layer to improve the bonding strength at the contact surface between the two. Emulsified asphalt can also increase the damping force when relative movement occurs between the two, thereby improving the seismic energy dissipation effect.

[0055] In this embodiment, compared with the traditional method of fixing the upper end and installing the sliding support at the lower end, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0056] The structure is simple. Since there is no need to set sliding supports between the upper end of the prefabricated stairs and the floor layer, it can be installed after being hoisted into place, which greatly improves the speed and efficiency of installation.

[0057] Reasonable force and long service life. In traditional technology, a sliding support is installed at the lower end, and the sliding support bears the entire deadweight of the prefabricated stairs. Therefore, during the normal service period, due to the deadweight of the prefabricated stairs, the sliding support bears a large lateral force, and the prefabricated stairs are inclined components during the installation process, which exerts a relatively large lateral pressure on the sliding support. The present utility model designs the movable end at the upper end, so in the present utility model, the lower end adopts a fixed connection, which mainly bears the deadweight of the stairs, and the upper end adopts a movable connection, which is mainly used to consume energy, so that the effects of the upper and lower ends of the prefabricated stairs are decomposed, and the force is more reasonable.

[0058] Since the forces borne by the upper end of the prefabricated stairs are relatively simple, the sliding bearings can be omitted, effectively reducing the cost.

[0059] The sliding support at the lower end of the traditional prefabricated staircase, as a movable connection method, has to bear both the deadweight of the prefabricated staircase and the lateral force of the earthquake. It is easily damaged and has a weak bearing strength.

[0060] Embodiment 2

[0061] refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 In this embodiment, the important difference from the first embodiment, or the improvement, is that the trapezoidal groove of the movable end is arranged in the opposite direction to that in the first embodiment, that is, in this embodiment, the trapezoidal groove 210' is a structure with a large opening at the upper end and a small opening at the lower end. Correspondingly, the guide protrusion 311' with a trapezoidal cross section is made into an independent block structure, which is fixed in the installation groove of the floor layer by a high-strength anti-rust bolt 312. Through the limitation of the guide protrusion 311', the movable end of the prefabricated staircase forms a movable and retractable connection with the above-mentioned floor layer.

[0062] In this embodiment, a sliding wear-resistant layer 500 is also provided at the matching surface between the movable end and the floor layer, or a rubber block or other structure is further provided.

[0063] The construction process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0064] Hoist the prefabricated stairs to the installation location, and with the cooperation of the hoisting equipment, adjust the position of the prefabricated stairs so that the lower end of the prefabricated stairs crosses the steel bars at the installation location of the transfer platform crossbeam.

[0065] The installation groove at the upper end of the prefabricated staircase is aligned with the installation groove on the upper floor, and then the guide protrusion is installed and fixed with high-strength bolts to complete the initial fit.

[0066] In the secondary pouring area at the lower end of the precast stairs, concrete of the same grade as the precast stairs can meet the requirements.

[0067] A rubber block is inserted into the tongue lock space at the upper end of the prefabricated staircase. The rubber block has good elasticity and shrinkage properties. For the arrangement of the rubber block, reference may be made to the structure in the first embodiment.

[0068] Description of earthquake resistance mechanism and process:

[0069] Under normal conditions, the prefabricated stairs and the upper and lower floors are in a relatively stable state. Of course, the possibility of slight deformation under the action of installation stress cannot be ruled out.

[0070] When a strong earthquake occurs, the main body of the prefabricated building and the stairs will sway or vibrate asynchronously. In the early stage of the earthquake, the upper end of the prefabricated stairs will first experience stress failure. In other words, the upper end of the prefabricated stairs will be displaced first due to the existence of the movable connection, and some vibration energy will be consumed in this process. At the same time, the existence of the linear guide rail limits the sliding range and sliding amplitude of the sliding support. In other words, the upper end of the prefabricated stairs is basically in a reciprocating movement process, and the movement process satisfies the release and consumption of earthquake energy. The lower end of the prefabricated stairs is within the safety design range.

[0071] Embodiment 3

[0072] The difference from the first embodiment is that the rubber block is integrated at the upper end of the prefabricated staircase. Specifically, during the manufacturing process of the prefabricated staircase in the project, the rubber block is pre-integrated on the prefabricated staircase to form an integrated structure, which makes the on-site assembly construction process simpler. For details, refer to Fig. 9 Give a description.

[0073] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements to the present invention by relevant technical personnel in the field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled installation structure of a prefabricated staircase, comprising a prefabricated staircase and a floor layer and a transfer platform for installing the prefabricated staircase, respectively, wherein the prefabricated staircase is a prefabricated component composed of a steel cage and concrete, characterized in that: The upper end of the prefabricated staircase is a movable end, and the movable end is provided with at least one plug-in structure; the plug-in structure is consistent with the direction of the staircase; The overlapping area of ​​the floor layer is a rectangular groove, and a guide protrusion is arranged in the rectangular groove. The guide protrusion and the plug-in structure are plug-connected to each other, and a telescopic space is arranged between the two, so that the floor layer is slidably connected to the upper end of the prefabricated staircase. The lower end of the prefabricated staircase is a fixed end, and the fixed end is provided with steel bars for secondary pouring connection, and the transfer platform is connected to the fixed end by secondary pouring.

2. The prefabricated staircase assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide protrusion is a right-standing trapezoidal cross section, and correspondingly, the plug-in structure is an inverted trapezoidal groove with a larger upper end and a smaller lower end.

3. The prefabricated staircase assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide protrusion is an inverted trapezoidal cross section, and the plug-in structure is an inverted trapezoidal groove with a small upper end and a large lower end.

4. The assembled installation structure of a prefabricated staircase according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The surface of the inverted trapezoidal groove is provided with a wear-resistant layer.

5. The prefabricated staircase assembly installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A polytetrafluoroethylene plate is arranged at the matching surface of the guide protrusion and the plug-in structure.

6. The prefabricated staircase assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic space is filled with a foamed elastic body.

7. The prefabricated staircase assembly installation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matching surfaces of the guide protrusion and the plug-in structure are filled with emulsified asphalt.

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