New energy automobile power battery pack thermal runaway flame exhaust structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a new energy automobile power battery pack thermal runaway flame discharging structure which comprises a battery bin and a battery pack arranged in a containing groove in the battery bin, after the battery pack is arranged in the battery bin, the end, close to a bin opening of the battery bin, of the battery pack is the front end, and the end, away from the bin opening of the battery bin, of the battery pack is the rear end; a pressure relief opening is formed in the rear end of the battery pack; a plurality of flame discharging openings are formed in the bottom of the battery bin. According to the structure, when the battery pack is subjected to thermal runaway, flame in the battery pack is guided to be discharged towards the rear end and is discharged outwards through the flame discharging opening formed in the bottom end of the battery bin, so that the situation that the flame impacts a vehicle body after thermal runaway, and consequently vehicle safety is threatened can be avoided, and the safety of the battery pack after thermal runaway is greatly improved; and the safety performance of the new energy vehicle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery pack management equipment, and in particular relates to a thermal runaway flame exhaust structure for a power battery pack of a new energy vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In order to obtain a high voltage platform, when multiple cells are connected in parallel, the traditional solution is generally to connect the total positive-total negative-total positive-total negative of the modules in close series, so as to obtain a battery pack with a large capacity and high voltage platform. After packaging into a shell, a battery pack is formed. Currently, the cells on the market are generally equipped with a pressure relief valve to release the gas generated in the battery during thermal runaway. Due to the close fit of the total positive and negative between the modules, when a cell experiences thermal runaway, high temperature and high pressure are generated, which leads to gas explosion.

[0003] After a battery pack installed in a battery compartment experiences thermal runaway, the flames ejected from the deflagration may directly rush out of the compartment opening of the battery compartment, threatening the safety of vehicles near the vehicle. The flames may also spread directly upward, thereby igniting the vehicle body and threatening the safety of people inside the vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to guide and discharge the flames after thermal runaway of the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack of a new energy vehicle, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack of a new energy vehicle, comprising a battery compartment and a battery pack arranged in a placement groove inside the battery compartment, wherein the battery pack is arranged in the battery compartment, and the end close to the battery compartment opening is the front end, and the end away from the battery compartment opening is the rear end;

[0006] A pressure relief port is provided at the rear end of the battery pack;

[0007] A plurality of flame exhaust ports are distributed on the bottom of the battery compartment.

[0008] Preferably, when the battery pack is disposed inside the battery compartment, the space behind and below the battery pack forms an L-shaped flame exhaust channel.

[0009] Preferably, the number of smoke exhaust ports at the bottom of the battery compartment gradually decreases from the bottom of the battery compartment to the compartment opening.

[0010] Preferably, the single cells of the battery pack are relatively fixedly arranged inside the battery pack via a cell holder, and there is a gap between the lower end of the single cell and the inner wall of the battery pack shell.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure relief port of the single cell faces the bottom end of the battery pack shell.

[0012] Preferably, the outer shell of the battery pack is composed of an integrated metal part with openings at both ends and a front cover plate and a rear cover plate that close the front and rear openings.

[0013] Preferably, the connection between the lower edge of the rear end cover plate and the cylindrical member is arranged as a pressure relief port.

[0014] Preferably, an aerosol device is provided at the front end cover plate inside the battery pack, and the rear end cover plate is made of a high-resilience metal material.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of the utility model: the flame exhaust structure of the thermal runaway power battery pack of the new energy vehicle,

[0016] 1. Set up flame exhaust channels under the battery cells and battery packs to buffer and guide the erupting flames, so that they are discharged from the flame exhaust port at the bottom of the bottom bin to prevent the flames from escaping upward or in other directions and threatening the safety of the vehicle body and the surrounding areas. At the same time, by guiding the flame exhaust, the flames can be prevented from lateral impact in the battery pack placement slot, thereby damaging the adjacent battery pack group, thereby improving the safety protection effect after the battery pack is thermally runaway.

[0017] 2. Improve the design of the battery pack shell to reduce the number of splicing and assembly points, improve the impact strength of the shell, and adjust the connection strength between the lower end of the rear cover and the cylindrical integrated metal part to ensure that a pressure relief port can appear at the set position after the battery pack has thermal runaway, so as to better guide the flow of flames caused by thermal runaway;

[0018] At the same time, when the internal aerosol triggers the filling of the battery pack, the elastic characteristics of the rear cover will close the pressure relief port after the internal and external pressure difference tends to be balanced. At this time, the air pressure inside the battery pack is still greater than that outside, which can ensure that external air will not flow into the battery pack, avoiding the situation where the thermal runaway of the battery cell cannot be continuously suppressed after the aerosol continues to lose. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model from a top view;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the utility model from a side view;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the distribution of single cells inside the battery pack.

[0022] In the figure: 1, battery compartment; 2, battery pack; 210, front cover; 220, integrated metal part; 230, rear cover;

[0023] 3. Pressure relief port; 4. Flame exhaust port; 5. Flame exhaust channel; 6. Single battery cell; 7. Battery cell bracket; 8. Placement slot; 9. Battery pack bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] The utility model provides Figure 1-3 A flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack of a new energy vehicle is shown, comprising a battery compartment 1 and a battery pack 2 arranged in a placement slot 8 inside the battery compartment 1. It is assumed that after the battery pack 2 is arranged in the battery compartment 1, the end close to the compartment opening of the battery compartment 1 is the front end, and the end away from the compartment opening of the battery compartment 1 is the rear end; the battery pack 2 is provided with a pressure relief port 3 at the rear end cover plate 230; by providing the pressure relief port 3 at the rear cover plate of the battery pack 2, it is ensured that after the thermal runaway of the battery pack 2, the flame is guided to be discharged from the rear end of the battery pack 2, so as to avoid rushing out of the compartment opening directly from the front end to threaten the safety of people around the vehicle;

[0028] In addition, a plurality of flame exhaust ports 4 are provided at the bottom of the battery compartment 1. The flame released after the battery pack 2 explodes can be discharged from the battery compartment 1 through the flame exhaust port. Since the battery compartment 1 is installed at the bottom of the vehicle body, and the flame exhaust port 4 is arranged at the bottom far away from the vehicle body, the flame can be guided to be discharged from the bottom of the battery compartment 1 to the ground, thereby preventing the flame from impacting upward and spreading to the vehicle body, thereby affecting the safety of people inside the vehicle.

[0029] When the battery pack 2 is arranged inside the battery compartment 1, an L-shaped flame exhaust channel 5 is formed behind and below the battery pack 2. The battery pack bracket 9 arranged on the side wall in the placement groove 8 of the battery compartment 1 holds up the battery pack 2, so that there is a certain gap between the lower end of the battery pack 2 and the inner wall of the battery compartment 1, ensuring that the flame ejected from the rear end of the battery pack 2 is conducted along the L-shaped flame exhaust channel 5 formed behind and below the battery pack 2, buffering the impact force of the flame, and at the same time, in the process of guiding and buffering, it is discharged through the flame exhaust port 4 at the bottom of the battery compartment 1.

[0030] The number of smoke exhaust ports at the bottom of the battery compartment 1 gradually decreases from the bottom to the compartment opening. This ensures that the flames generated after thermal runaway are discharged at a position relatively far away from the compartment opening of the battery compartment 1, thereby preventing excessive flames from rushing out from the position close to the edge of the vehicle and causing danger, further improving safety.

[0031] The single cell 6 of the battery pack 2 is relatively fixedly arranged inside the battery pack 2 through the cell holder 7, and there is a gap between the lower end of the single cell 6 and the inner wall of the battery pack 2 shell. The pressure relief port 3 of the single cell 6 faces the bottom end of the battery pack 2 shell. Since the pressure relief ports 3 of the single cell 6 are all set to face downward, the flame will erupt downward after the thermal runaway of the battery cell, flow along the gap between the lower end of the single cell 6 and the inner wall of the battery pack 2 shell, and finally be discharged through the pressure relief port 3 at the rear end of the battery pack 2, which can further prevent the flame after thermal runaway from spraying upward and threatening the safety of the vehicle body.

[0032] The outer shell of the battery pack 2 is composed of an integrated metal part 220 with openings at both ends, and a front cover plate 210 and a rear cover plate 230 that close the front and rear openings. The connection between the lower edge of the rear cover plate 230 and the integrated metal part 220 is set as a pressure relief port 3. Since the middle part of the outer shell of the battery pack 2 is composed of an integrated metal part 220 with openings at both ends, such as a square cylinder, the outer shell assembly gap is reduced, and multiple leakage points are avoided after the thermal runaway of the battery pack 2, so as to better achieve the goal of guiding the flame to the pressure relief port 3 for discharge;

[0033] At the same time, by adjusting the strength of the connection between the front and rear cover plates and the middle integrated metal part 220, the pressure relief port 3 can be set to the connection between the lower edge of the rear end cover plate 230 and the tubular part, ensuring that the battery cell flame flows along the gap between the lower end of the single battery cell 6 and the outer shell of the battery pack 2 after being ejected and impacts the rear end cover plate 230, causing its lower end to tilt up, forming the pressure relief port 3, and at this time performing the first buffering of the ejected flame.

[0034] The rear cover plate 230 is made of a highly resilient metal material. Due to the elastic properties of the rear cover plate, after the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway and triggers the aerosol device to erupt, the internal air pressure rises rapidly, the rear cover plate 230 deforms, and the lower end separates from the integrated metal part 220 to form a pressure relief port 3, driving the internal air outward, and after the internal and external pressures tend to be balanced, the rear cover plate 230 recovers its deformation due to its elastic properties, thereby closing the pressure relief port 3 at the lower end. At this time, the air pressure inside the battery pack 2 is slightly higher than the external air pressure, which can ensure that the aerosol is continuously filled inside the battery pack 2, avoiding the situation where the thermal runaway of the battery cell cannot be continuously suppressed after the aerosol continues to flow.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack of a new energy vehicle, comprising a battery compartment (1) and a battery pack (2) arranged in a placement groove (8) inside the battery compartment (1), characterized in that: When the battery pack (2) is arranged in the battery compartment (1), the end close to the compartment opening of the battery compartment (1) is the front end, and the end away from the compartment opening of the battery compartment (1) is the rear end; The rear end of the battery pack (2) is provided with a pressure relief port (3); A plurality of flame exhaust ports (4) are distributed on the bottom of the battery compartment (1).

2. According to claim 1, a flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack of a new energy vehicle is characterized in that: A battery pack support (9) for supporting the bottom of the battery pack is arranged in the placement groove (8); When the battery pack (2) is arranged inside the battery compartment (1), the space behind and below the battery pack (2) forms an L-shaped flame exhaust channel (5).

3. The flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack for a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of smoke exhaust ports at the bottom of the battery compartment (1) gradually decreases from the bottom of the battery compartment (1) to the compartment opening.

4. The flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack for a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single cell (6) of the battery pack (2) is relatively fixedly arranged inside the battery pack (2) via a cell support (7), and a gap exists between the lower end of the single cell (6) and the inner wall of the battery pack (2) shell.

5. A flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack for a new energy vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure relief port (3) of the single battery cell (6) faces the bottom end of the battery pack (2) shell.

6. The flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack for a new energy vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell of the battery pack (2) is composed of an integrated metal piece (220) with openings at both ends, and a front cover plate (210) and a rear cover plate (230) that close the front and rear openings.

7. A flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack for a new energy vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connection between the lower edge of the rear end cover plate (230) and the cylindrical member is provided as a pressure relief port (3).

8. The flame exhaust structure for thermal runaway of a power battery pack for a new energy vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: An aerosol device is provided at the front end cover plate (210) inside the battery pack (2), and the rear end cover plate (230) is made of a high-resilience metal material.

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