Preparation system of biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon

Abstract

The utility model provides a preparation system of biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon, which comprises a rotary drying furnace used for preheating and drying biomass raw materials; the carbonization furnace is arranged behind the rotary drying furnace and is used for pyrolyzing and carbonizing the biomass raw materials preheated and dried by the rotary drying furnace; the activation furnace is arranged behind the carbonization furnace and used for activating charcoal pyrolyzed and carbonized by the carbonization furnace, a smoke outlet and a steam inlet are formed in the upper portion and the lower portion of the wall body of the activation furnace respectively, the smoke outlet is connected with the second heat exchanger through a smoke pipeline, and the steam inlet is connected with steam outlets of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger through steam pipelines; the second heat exchanger is connected with the storage box through a conveying pipeline. According to the utility model, the utilization rate of energy is improved, and the dependence on external energy is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass energy, in particular to a preparation system of biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon. Background Art

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis carbonization technology is a kind of thermal conversion technology. It is a process of using carbonization equipment to pyrolyze biomass at a certain temperature and heating rate to generate biochar, liquid products and non-condensable gas products. Its essence is to break the molecular structure of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in biomass into small molecules and solid carbon with high calorific value. This method has the advantages of being environmentally friendly and easy to store and transport. Biomass is a carbonaceous material rich in cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, with good hydrophilicity and porous structure, so it is used as a raw material for preparing porous activated carbon. Biochar can be activated to generate biomass activated carbon due to its large specific surface area, developed pore structure and aromatized surface functional groups. At the same time, biomass activated carbon has stable physical and chemical properties, acid resistance, alkali resistance and heat resistance. It is considered to be a very excellent adsorption material with strong adsorption capacity and has great development in the field of desulfurization and denitrification.

[0003] There are still many problems to be solved in the production process of biomass activated carbon. First, the current process is overly dependent on external heat sources, resulting in high resource consumption and high production costs. This not only increases the economic burden of enterprises, but also exacerbates the energy shortage.

[0004] In addition, the tar problem in the production process of biomass activated carbon is also difficult to solve. The presence of tar can cause equipment blockage, which brings great inconvenience to production and is also prone to secondary pollution. This not only poses a threat to the environment, but also affects the normal operation of the enterprise. At the same time, liquid products and gas products are produced during the pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass. If these products are not handled properly, they will not only cause waste of resources, but may also cause air pollution. Therefore, a preparation system for biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes a preparation system of biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon, which not only improves the utilization rate of energy, but also reduces the dependence on external energy.

[0006] The preparation system of biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon comprises:

[0007] Rotary drying furnace, used for preheating and drying biomass raw materials;

[0008] The carbonization furnace is arranged behind the rotary drying furnace and is used to pyrolyze and carbonize the biomass raw materials after preheating and drying in the rotary drying furnace. The cylinder of the carbonization furnace is a multi-cavity structure, including a carbonization cavity located in the center and a combustion and heating cavity radially surrounding the cylinder, and the combustion and heating cavity is connected to the fuel inlet on the cylinder;

[0009] The activation furnace is arranged behind the carbonization furnace and is used to activate the biochar pyrolyzed and carbonized in the carbonization furnace. The activation furnace wall is provided with a smoke outlet and a steam inlet at the top and bottom, respectively. The smoke outlet is connected to the second heat exchanger through a smoke pipe, and the steam inlet is connected to the steam outlets of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger through a steam pipe; the second heat exchanger is connected to the storage box through a conveying pipe.

[0010] As another preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the carbonization furnace is provided with a tar outlet, the tar outlet is connected to a tar collecting box through an exhaust pipe, and the tar collecting box is connected to a gas purification device through an exhaust gas pipe.

[0011] As another preferred solution of the above technical solution, the outer periphery of the exhaust pipe is covered with a water cooling pipe, and the water cooling pipe is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet.

[0012] As another preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a gas collecting chamber is provided at the tail of the combustion and heating chamber, and the gas collecting chamber is connected to the gas outlet at the tail of the combustion and heating chamber.

[0013] As another preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, one of the gas outlets is connected to the rotary drying furnace through a gas delivery pipe with an induced draft fan, and the other gas outlet is connected to the first heat exchanger through a gas delivery pipe with an induced draft fan. The high-temperature flue gas provides heat to the rotary drying furnace and the first heat exchanger respectively.

[0014] As another preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the bottom of the activation furnace is connected to the first heat exchanger via a screw conveyor.

[0015] As another preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a cyclone separator is provided between the activation furnace and the second heat exchanger for performing gas-solid separation on the flue gas carrying solid particles leaving the activation furnace.

[0016] The technical effects of the utility model are:

[0017] The utility model provides an efficient and environmentally friendly resource utilization system, which combines a carbonization furnace, a rotary drying furnace, a first heat exchanger, an activation furnace, a second heat exchanger and other equipment. It not only realizes the effective reuse of resources, but also significantly reduces the dependence on external heat sources.

[0018] In this preparation system, the high-temperature gas generated by the combustion heating chamber of the carbonization furnace is introduced into the rotary drying furnace and the first heat exchanger respectively. The rotary drying furnace uses these high-temperature gases for efficient drying operations to ensure that the materials reach the required degree of dryness. The first heat exchanger converts these high-temperature gases into heat energy to further drive the operation of the system.

[0019] At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas generated in the activation furnace is introduced into the second heat exchanger. The second heat exchanger converts the heat energy of the flue gas into steam, which is then introduced into the activation furnace to provide it with the required heat. This not only improves the energy utilization efficiency, but also ensures the continuous and stable operation of the system.

[0020] In addition, the system is also designed with an exhaust pipe with a water cooling pipe. Through this pipe, the tar in the high-temperature gas generated by carbonization can be cooled and collected centrally, effectively avoiding the pollution of the air by the tar. At the same time, the gas is purified to further ensure that the discharged gas meets environmental protection standards. In summary, the utility model not only realizes the effective reuse of resources, but also significantly reduces environmental pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preparation system of biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon in the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the carbonization furnace in the utility model;

[0023] In the figure,

[0024] 1. Rotary drying furnace;

[0025] 2. Carbonization furnace, 210. Carbonization chamber, 220. Combustion and heating chamber, 230. Fuel inlet, 240. Tar outlet, 250. Gas collection chamber, 251. Gas outlet;

[0026] 3. Activation furnace, 310. Smoke outlet, 320. Steam inlet, 330. Screw conveyor;

[0027] 4. first heat exchanger, 5. second heat exchanger, 6. storage tank, 7. cyclone separator;

[0028] 8. Tar collection box, 810. Exhaust pipe, 820. Waste gas pipe, 830. Water cooling pipe, 831. Water inlet, 832. Water outlet;

[0029] 9. Gas purification device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Combine the following Figure 1-2 The embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1-2 , a preparation system of biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon, comprising:

[0032] The rotary drying furnace 1 is used for preheating and drying the biomass raw materials;

[0033] The carbonization furnace 2 is arranged behind the rotary drying furnace 1 and is used to pyrolyze and carbonize the biomass raw materials after preheating and drying in the rotary drying furnace 1. The cylinder of the carbonization furnace 2 is a multi-cavity structure, including a carbonization cavity 210 located in the center and a combustion and heating cavity 220 radially surrounding the cylinder. The combustion and heating cavity 220 is connected to a fuel inlet 230 on the cylinder.

[0034] The activation furnace 3 is arranged behind the carbonization furnace 2 and is used to activate the biochar pyrolyzed and carbonized in the carbonization furnace 2. The activation furnace 3 has a smoke outlet 310 and a steam inlet 320 on its upper and lower walls respectively. The smoke outlet 310 is connected to the second heat exchanger 5 through a smoke pipe, and the steam inlet 320 is connected to the steam outlets of the first heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 5 through a steam pipe; the second heat exchanger 5 is connected to the storage box 6 through a conveying pipe.

[0035] The bottom of the activation furnace 3 is connected to the first heat exchanger 4 via a screw conveyor 330 .

[0036] The specific operating principle of the preparation system of biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon in this embodiment is as follows: In the process of biomass energy conversion, the biomass raw material needs to be placed in a rotary drying furnace 1 to remove moisture from the raw material so that it reaches a suitable dry state for subsequent carbonization treatment.

[0037] After preheating and drying, the biomass raw material is fed into the carbonization furnace 2. The high temperature environment in the carbonization furnace 2 causes the raw material to pyrolyze and convert into biochar. Next, the activation process is a key step to improve the performance of biochar. The biochar is fed into the activation furnace 3 through a screw conveyor and activated in a high temperature environment. During the activation process, the pore structure and specific surface area of ​​the biochar are significantly improved, giving it higher adsorption performance and reaction activity. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas generated during the activation process is used to provide heat to the second heat exchanger. This heat recovery method helps to improve the energy efficiency of the entire process.

[0038] The first heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 5 play an important role in the activation process. They provide the required steam to the activation furnace 3 to ensure that the temperature and pressure conditions in the furnace are suitable. After the activation is completed, the biochar is passed into the first heat exchanger 4 through a screw conveyor for preliminary heat exchange cooling. The temperature of the biochar is gradually reduced to ensure its physical stability.

[0039] After the initial heat exchange and cooling, the biochar enters the second heat exchanger 5 for secondary heat exchange to ensure that it is completely cooled. The fully cooled biochar can be stored in the storage box 6 for subsequent application or further processing. The entire process is carried out in a closed system to ensure the quality and safety of the biochar.

[0040] On the basis of the above embodiment, the carbonization furnace 2 is provided with a tar outlet 240 , which is connected to the tar collecting box 8 through an exhaust pipe 810 , and the tar collecting box 8 is connected to the gas purification device 9 through an exhaust pipe 820 .

[0041] The outer periphery of the exhaust pipe 810 is covered with a water cooling pipe 830 , and the water cooling pipe 830 is provided with a water inlet 831 and a water outlet 832 .

[0042] In this embodiment, when the high-temperature mixed gas emitted from the biomass in the carbonization furnace is discharged from the exhaust pipe 810, the water-cooling pipe 830 wrapped around the outer periphery of the exhaust pipe 810 effectively exchanges heat between the high-temperature gas and cold water, thereby rapidly reducing the temperature of the gas. The tar in the gas begins to liquefy due to the decrease in temperature and flows into the tar collection box 8 below along the exhaust pipe 810. After the high-temperature mixed gas is initially cooled and the tar is separated, the remaining waste gas is guided to the gas purification device 9 through the waste gas pipe 820 for further purification.

[0043] On the basis of the above embodiments, a gas collecting chamber 250 is provided at the tail of the combustion and heat supply chamber 220 , and the gas collecting chamber 250 is connected to the gas outlet 251 at the tail of the combustion and heat supply chamber 220 .

[0044] One of the gas outlets 251 is connected to the rotary drying furnace 1 through a gas delivery pipe with an induced draft fan, and the other gas outlet 251 is connected to the first heat exchanger 4 through a gas delivery pipe with an induced draft fan.

[0045] In this embodiment, part of the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion in the combustion and heating chamber 220 is passed into the rotary drying furnace 1 to preheat and dry the biomass raw materials; the other part of the high-temperature flue gas is passed into the first heat exchanger 4 to provide heat for the first heat exchanger 4.

[0046] On the basis of the above embodiment, a cyclone separator 7 is provided between the activation furnace 3 and the second heat exchanger 5 .

[0047] In this embodiment, the cyclone separator 7 separates the flue gas with particulate matter into gas and solid. The flue gas after separation still maintains a relatively high temperature and can be used to provide heat to the second heat exchanger 5. The second heat exchanger 5 uses the heat of the high-temperature flue gas to work and converts it into useful thermal energy, which not only improves the utilization rate of energy, but also reduces the dependence on external energy.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A preparation system for biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon, It is characterized in that include: A rotary drying furnace (1) is used to preheat and dry the biomass raw materials; The carbonization furnace (2) is arranged behind the rotary drying furnace (1) and is used to pyrolyze and carbonize the biomass raw materials after preheating and drying in the rotary drying furnace (1). The cylinder of the carbonization furnace (2) is a multi-chamber structure, including a carbonization chamber (210) located in the center and a combustion and heating chamber (220) radially surrounding the cylinder. The combustion and heating chamber (220) is connected to a fuel inlet (230) on the cylinder. The activation furnace (3) is arranged behind the carbonization furnace (2) and is used to activate the biochar pyrolyzed and carbonized in the carbonization furnace (2). The activation furnace (3) is provided with a smoke outlet (310) and a steam inlet (320) at the upper and lower parts of the wall, respectively. The smoke outlet (310) is connected to the second heat exchanger (5) through a smoke pipe, and the steam inlet (320) is connected to the steam outlets of the first heat exchanger (4) and the second heat exchanger (5) through a steam pipe. The second heat exchanger (5) is connected to the storage box (6) through a conveying pipe.

2. A system for preparing biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The carbonization furnace (2) is provided with a tar outlet (240), the tar outlet (240) is connected to a tar collection box (8) through an exhaust pipe (810), and the tar collection box (8) is connected to a gas purification device (9) through an exhaust pipe (820).

3. A system for preparing biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The outer periphery of the exhaust pipe (810) is coated with a water cooling pipe (830), and the water cooling pipe (830) is provided with a water inlet (831) and a water outlet (832).

4. A system for preparing biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A gas collection chamber (250) is provided at the rear of the combustion and heat supply chamber (220), and the gas collection chamber (250) is connected to a gas outlet (251) at the rear of the combustion and heat supply chamber (220).

5. A system for preparing biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon according to claim 4, It is characterized in that One of the gas outlets (251) is connected to the rotary drying furnace (1) via a gas delivery pipe with an induced draft fan, and the other gas outlet (251) is connected to the first heat exchanger (4) via a gas delivery pipe with an induced draft fan.

6. A system for preparing biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The bottom of the activation furnace (3) is connected to the first heat exchanger (4) via a screw conveyor (330).

7. A system for preparing biomass desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A cyclone separator (7) is provided between the activation furnace (3) and the second heat exchanger (5).

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