Slope protection structure of ecological canal

Abstract

According to the slope protection structure of the ecological river and canal, rainwater can permeate into the ground more quickly through filter grooves of a buffer zone and can be filtered, holes of ecological bricks can be full of green plants in a short time through a coconut shred layer with green plant seeds, and the coconut shred layer is compact in structure, high in corrosion resistance and capable of effectively relieving splash erosion and inhibiting water and soil loss; an excellent slope protection effect is achieved; the front ends of the ecological building blocks are provided with receding slopes, enough green plant growth space can be reserved for the planting grooves of the ecological building blocks below, that is, the slope protection structure is provided with the ecological brick layers, the coconut shred layers with green plant seeds, the stacked ecological building blocks and the slope top filtering grooves, so that the buffering and intercepting effects on surface runoff are enhanced, and the slope protection effect is improved. The growth environment of green plants on the slope surface is improved, growth of various green plants on the retaining wall is facilitated, and the effects of better restoring ecology, purifying water quality and beautifying the environment can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ecological restoration, and in particular to a slope protection structure for an ecological canal. Background Art

[0002] Ecological canals are systems that use the principles of natural ecosystems to treat sewage and rainwater. The treatment process mainly includes biodegradation, physical filtration and chemical reactions. Pollutants in the water are purified through microbial decomposition, plant growth, root absorption, soil filtration, natural oxidation reactions, etc. In order to ensure the stability, purification and aesthetic effects of the slopes of ecological canals, certain engineering measures are generally taken to treat the slopes, namely ecological slope protection, which mainly consists of three parts: the top buffer zone, the slope surface and the footing (retaining wall).

[0003] The current ecological canal slope protection engineering design mainly has the following problems:

[0004] (1) The construction of a buffer zone on the top of a slope is usually done by planting trees and shrubs after leveling the soil, and then sowing turf and grass seeds on the surface to form a green belt of trees, shrubs and grass. If there is a traffic road next to the river or canal, the width of the buffer zone will be narrow, and the buffering effect on the surface runoff entering the river or canal during rain will be relatively weak;

[0005] (2) At present, the construction of river and canal slopes is developing in an ecological direction. During the construction of many river and canal slopes, ecological slope protection forms such as "eight" bricks, interlocking bricks, hollow hexagonal blocks, and "Renault" gabions are used for covering, and then grass seeds are sown in the holes or gaps for greening. The construction process of slope protection materials generally involves first clearing the slope surface and leveling the earthwork, then spreading a layer of coarse sand, covering the coarse sand with geotextiles, and then laying ecological bricks and other materials on the geotextiles. Due to the isolation of the geotextiles, it takes a long time for the grass seeds on the geotextiles to take root and grow. Many slopes still have some areas that are not covered with green after many years, and the ecological effect is not ideal;

[0006] (3) The construction of ecological footing (retaining wall) currently mainly adopts "gabion" stone cages and vegetation blocks (also known as Shublock bricks) for masonry. Compared with the traditional mortar masonry or cast-in-place concrete materials, "gabion" stone cages have better water permeability and are more harmonious with nature, but the stone cages cannot form planting troughs, and aquatic plants cannot be planted on or on the sides of the stone cages; Shublock bricks are designed with planting holes, but the planting holes are small and have no bottom structure. The planting soil filled in the holes is easy to lose. Therefore, the growth of plants in the planting holes of Shublock bricks is not ideal. Utility Model Content

[0007] The embodiment of the present application provides a slope protection structure for an ecological canal, which has a stable structure and can better restore the ecology and improve the environment.

[0008] An ecological canal slope protection structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present application includes:

[0009] A buffer zone, wherein a filter tank is provided on the buffer zone, and a filter medium is provided in the filter tank;

[0010] A slope surface, wherein a coconut shred layer and an eco-brick layer are sequentially stacked on the slope surface, wherein a plurality of green plant seeds are arranged in the coconut shred layer; and the eco-brick layer comprises a plurality of eco-bricks arranged on the coconut shred layer;

[0011] A retaining wall comprises a retaining wall foundation and a plurality of ecological blocks, wherein the plurality of ecological blocks are stacked in a height direction, and the ecological block located at the lowest side is arranged on the retaining wall foundation; the ecological block has an extension portion toward the canal, a planting trough is arranged on the extension portion, and an avoidance slope is arranged on the lower side of the extension portion; among two ecological blocks adjacent in the height direction, the avoidance slope of one ecological block is projected in the height direction to cover at least part of the planting trough of the other ecological block.

[0012] The ecological canal slope protection structure of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0013] In the present application, the filter trough of the buffer zone can make rainwater infiltrate into the ground faster and filter the rainwater. The coconut fiber layer with green plant seeds can make the holes of the ecological bricks full of green plants in a short time. The coconut fiber layer has a tight structure and strong corrosion resistance, which can effectively alleviate splash erosion, inhibit soil erosion, and has excellent slope protection effect; and the front end of the ecological building block has an avoidance slope, which can leave enough green plant growth space for the planting trough of the ecological building block below. That is, the slope protection structure of the present application enhances the buffering and interception effect of surface runoff through the arrangement of ecological brick layers, coconut fiber layers with green plant seeds, stacked ecological building blocks and slope top filter troughs, improves the growth environment of green plants on the slope, facilitates the growth of various green plants on the retaining wall, and can play a better role in restoring the ecology, purifying water quality and beautifying the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a slope protection structure in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the eco-brick in the embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 3is a top view of an eco-brick in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 4 is a top view of the eco-brick layer in the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 5 is a side cross-sectional view of an ecological building block in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 6 is a top view of an ecological building block in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a plurality of ecological building blocks after being engaged in the horizontal direction in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Description of the reference numerals is as follows:

[0023] 1. Buffer zone; 11. Filter tank; 12. Filter medium;

[0024] 2. Slope; 21. Coconut fiber layer; 22. Eco-brick layer; 22a. Holes; 221. Eco-bricks; 221a. First card block; 221b. First card slot; 222. Diversion slot;

[0025] 3. Retaining wall; 31. Retaining wall foundation; 32. Ecological building block; 321. Extension; 321a. Avoidance slope; 321b. Planting trough; 321c. Drainage hole; 322. Second card block; 323. Second card slot; 324. Third card block; 325. Third card slot; 33. Inverted filter layer;

[0026] 4. Rivers and canals;

[0027] 5. The first top pressure block;

[0028] 6. The second top pressure block;

[0029] 7. Road surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present application, rather than to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be implemented without the need for some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating the examples of the present application.

[0031] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "include..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application discloses a slope protection structure for an ecological canal, including a buffer zone 1, a slope surface 2 and a retaining wall 3;

[0033] The buffer zone 1 is provided with a filter tank 11, and a filter medium 12 is provided in the filter tank 11;

[0034] The slope 2 is stacked with a coconut shred layer 21 and an eco-brick layer 22 in sequence, wherein a plurality of green plant seeds are arranged in the coconut shred layer 21; the eco-brick layer 22 includes a plurality of eco-bricks 221 arranged on the coconut shred layer 21;

[0035] The retaining wall 3 includes a retaining wall foundation 31 and a plurality of ecological building blocks 32, wherein the plurality of ecological building blocks 32 are stacked in the height direction, and the ecological building block 32 located at the lowest side is arranged on the retaining wall foundation 31; the ecological building block 32 has an extension portion 321 facing the canal 4, a planting groove 321b is arranged on the extension portion 321, and an avoidance slope 321a is arranged on the lower side of the extension portion 321; among two ecological building blocks 32 adjacent in the height direction, the avoidance slope 321a of one ecological building block 32 is projected in the height direction to cover at least part of the planting groove 321b of the other ecological building block 32.

[0036] The buffer zone 1 is arranged horizontally, the left side of the buffer zone 1 is the road surface 7 , the right side is the slope 2 , and the retaining wall 3 is arranged between the slope 2 and the canal 4 .

[0037] The filter tank 11 is formed to be concave downwards, and the length direction of the filter tank 11 is consistent with the length direction of the river channel 4. A filter medium 12 for filtering liquids such as rainwater is arranged in the filter tank 11.

[0038] Among them, at least a portion of the slope 2 is provided with a coconut fiber layer 21 and an eco-brick layer 22. The coconut fiber layer 21 is a blanket-like material made from coconut shell fibers. When making the coconut fiber layer 21, a plurality of green plant seeds (not shown) are evenly arranged in the coconut fiber layer 21. The type of green plant seeds here can be selected according to actual conditions.

[0039] The eco-brick layer 22 includes a plurality of eco-bricks 221 , and the plurality of eco-bricks 221 are adjacent to and connected in sequence to form a whole eco-brick layer 22 .

[0040] The retaining wall foundation 31 is located in the canal 4 , and a plurality of ecological blocks 32 are stacked on the retaining wall foundation 31 . The ecological blocks 32 at the bottom are fixed or cast in the retaining wall foundation 31 .

[0041] The ecological block 32 has an extension portion 321 facing the canal 4, and the extension portion 321 is concave downward to form a planting groove 321b, in which various green plants can be planted. In two adjacent ecological blocks 32, the avoidance slope 321a of the ecological block 32 on the upper layer can cover at least part of the notch of the planting groove 321b of the ecological block 32 on the lower layer.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the filter trough 11 of the buffer zone 1 can make rainwater infiltrate into the ground faster and filter the rainwater. The coconut fiber layer 21 with green plant seeds can make the holes 22a of the ecological bricks 221 full of green plants in a short time. The coconut fiber layer 21 has a compact structure and strong corrosion resistance, which can effectively alleviate splash erosion, inhibit soil erosion, and have excellent slope protection effect; and the front end of the ecological building block 32 has an avoidance slope 321a, which can leave enough green plant growth space for the planting trough 321b of the ecological building block 32 below, that is, the slope protection structure of the embodiment of the present application enhances the buffering and interception effect of surface runoff through the arrangement of the ecological brick layer 22, the coconut fiber layer 21 with green plant seeds, the stacked ecological building blocks 32 and the slope top filter trough 11, improves the growth environment of green plants on the slope 2, and facilitates the growth of various green plants on the retaining wall 3, which can play a better role in restoring the ecology, purifying water quality, and beautifying the environment.

[0043] Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the filter medium 12 in the filter tank 11 is configured as gravel.

[0044] The filter tank 11 is filled with a gravel layer of a certain thickness. In other embodiments, the filter tank 11 has a width of 50 cm to 80 cm and a depth of 100 cm to 200 cm.

[0045] A coconut shred layer (in order to distinguish it from the coconut shred layer 21 , the coconut shred layer here is called coconut shred layer A) is also provided on the upper side of the filter medium 12 (i.e. the gravel layer), and the upper side of the coconut shred layer A is filled with soil and greened.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the design of the filter trough 11 and the gravel layer on the buffer zone 1 can filter rainwater and play a role similar to that of a "sponge city".

[0047] Preferably, Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the eco-brick 221 is in the shape of a cross, and a first card block 221a is provided at one end of the eco-brick 221, and a first card slot 221b matching the first card block 221a is provided at the other end, and two adjacent eco-bricks 221 are engaged with each other through the first card block 221a and the first card slot 221b.

[0048] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, the top view shape of the eco-brick 221 is a cross, and the four ends of the eco-brick 221 are respectively configured as a first end, a second end, a third end and a fourth end, wherein a first card block 221a is provided on the first end, and a first card slot 221b is provided on the third end. Similarly, a first card block 221a is also provided on the second end, and a first card slot 221b is also provided on the fourth end.

[0049] Among them, Figure 4 As shown, at least one hole 22a is formed between two adjacent eco-bricks 221, and the area of ​​the hole 22a (single hole) ranges from 20cm*20cm to 30cm*30cm.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, two adjacent eco-bricks 221 are snap-connected through the cooperation of the first slot 221b and the first block 221a. At the same time, each eco-brick 221 is provided with a portion that can be snap-connected with other eco-bricks 221, so that multiple eco-bricks 221 can be snap-connected to form an overall structure with excellent structural performance. The cross-shaped eco-brick 221 has multiple larger holes 22a after being snap-connected to form an overall eco-brick layer 22, which is convenient for providing a good development space for the green plant seeds in the coconut fiber layer 21.

[0051] Preferably, Figure 3 As shown, the ecological brick 221 is provided with a guide groove 222 .

[0052] Among them, the trajectory of the guide groove 222 is cross-shaped, that is, the guide groove 222 in the embodiment of the present application is a cross-shaped guide groove 222, and the trajectory of the guide groove 222 matches the shape of the ecological brick 221.

[0053] The guide grooves 222 between two adjacent ecological bricks 221 are connected to each other.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, the purpose of providing the guide groove 222 is to discharge the excess liquid in the slope and avoid the occurrence of water accumulation.

[0055] Preferably, Figure 5 As shown, there is a preset angle θ between the avoidance slope 321a on the lower side of the ecological building block 32 and the horizontal plane; the preset angle θ ranges from 40 degrees to 70 degrees.

[0056] The ecological building block 32 has an extension portion 321 facing the canal 4, and the extension portion 321 has a lower side surface, a right side surface, and an avoidance slope 321a connecting the lower side surface and the right side surface.

[0057] The preset angle θ preferably ranges from 45 to 60 degrees, such as 45, 50, or 55 degrees.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, the avoidance slope 321a serves as a side surface of the extension portion 321. The larger the preset angle θ between the avoidance slope 321a and the horizontal plane, the larger the space that can be reserved for the planting grooves 321b of other ecological building blocks 32. However, an excessively large preset angle θ will compress the size of the extension portion 321 itself. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the preset angle θ is preferably set to 40 to 70 degrees, which can not only ensure that the lower planting grooves 321b have sufficient space for green plants to grow, but also avoid excessive occupation of the design space of the planting grooves 321b itself.

[0059] Preferably, Figure 5 As shown, a through drainage hole 321c is provided at the bottom of the planting groove 321b.

[0060] The drainage hole 321c passes through the bottom of the planting groove 321b from top to bottom. Assuming that the bottom area of ​​the planting groove 321b (that is, the lower side area of ​​the extension portion 321) is S, the aperture of the drainage hole 321c is 1 / 8S to 1 / 4S.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the purpose of setting the drainage hole 321c is to drain the excess water in the planting groove 321b and provide a breathing channel for the green plants. It should be noted that in the prior art, the bottom of the planting groove 321b is usually designed to be open, which leads to a fast rate of soil and water loss in the planting groove 321b and cannot meet the growth needs of the green plants.

[0062] Preferably, Figure 5 As shown, a second card block 322 is provided on the top side of the ecological building block 32, and a second card slot 323 matching the second card block 322 is provided on the bottom side of the ecological building block 32. The ecological building blocks 32 adjacent in the height direction are engaged with each other through the second card block 322 and the second card slot 323.

[0063] Among them, the top side of the ecological building block 32 is provided with a plurality of second card blocks 322 extending upward, and the bottom side of the ecological building block 32 is provided with a plurality of second card grooves 323 recessed inwardly, the second card blocks 322 and the second card grooves 323 correspond one to one, and the outer peripheral shape of the second card block 322 matches the inner peripheral shape of the second card groove 323.

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, since multiple ecological building blocks 32 need to be stacked in the height direction, the ecological building block 32 is designed with a second card slot 323 and a second card block 322 to increase the convenience during stacking and the stability after stacking.

[0065] Preferably, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the plurality of ecological building blocks 32 are also stacked along the length direction of the canal 4, a third card block 324 is provided on the right side of the ecological building block 32, a third card slot 325 is provided on the left side of the ecological building block 32, and two adjacent ecological building blocks 32 along the length direction of the canal 4 are engaged through the third card block 324 and the third card slot 325.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, there are not only a plurality of ecological building blocks 32 stacked in the height direction, but also a plurality of ecological building blocks 32 sequentially engaged in the horizontal direction, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0067] Among them, Figure 6 As shown, a convex third clamping block 324 is provided on the right side of the eco-building block 32, and a concave third clamping slot 325 is provided on the left side of the eco-building block 32. The outer peripheral shape of the third clamping block 324 matches the inner peripheral shape of the third clamping slot 325. Two horizontally adjacent eco-building blocks 32 are clamped together by the third clamping block 324 and the third clamping slot 325.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of eco-building blocks 32 connected by snap-fitting in the height direction and the horizontal direction form a blocking structure, which can ensure the stability of the slope structure. At the same time, the design of the third slot 325 and the third block 324 also increases the convenience of assembling the two eco-building blocks 32 and the stability after assembly.

[0069] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 The retaining wall 3 also includes a filter layer 33, and the filter layer 33 is arranged on the side of the plurality of ecological blocks 32 away from the canal 4.

[0070] Among them, the filter layer 33 is attached to the back side of multiple ecological building blocks 32, and the side of the filter layer 33 facing away from the ecological building blocks 32 is attached to the end face of the slope.

[0071] The height of the filter layer 33 is selected according to actual conditions.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present application, the filter layer 33 is designed to drain the moisture in the slope and prevent soil loss.

[0073] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 The slope protection structure of the embodiment of the present application also includes a first top block 5 and a second top block 6; along the slope direction of the slope 2, the first top block 5 and the second top block 6 are respectively arranged on both sides of the ecological brick layer 22, the first top block 5 is abutted against the uppermost ecological brick 221, and the second top block 6 is arranged on an ecological building block 32 located on the uppermost layer.

[0074] The first top pressing block 5 is arranged on the slope surface 2 , and the first top pressing block 5 abuts against the uppermost ecological brick 221 .

[0075] The second capping block 6 is disposed on the uppermost ecological building block 32 , and one side of the second capping block 6 abuts against the lowermost ecological brick 221 .

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the first pressure top block 5 and the second pressure top block 6 are provided to stabilize the structure and further improve the performance of the structure.

[0077] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A slope protection structure for an ecological canal, characterized in that: include: A buffer zone (1), wherein a filter tank (11) is provided on the buffer zone (1), and a filter medium (12) is provided in the filter tank (11); A slope surface (2), wherein a coconut shred layer (21) and an ecological brick layer (22) are sequentially stacked on the slope surface (2), wherein a plurality of green plant seeds are arranged in the coconut shred layer (21); and the ecological brick layer (22) comprises a plurality of ecological bricks (221) arranged on the coconut shred layer (21); A retaining wall (3) comprises a retaining wall foundation (31) and a plurality of ecological building blocks (32), wherein the plurality of ecological building blocks (32) are stacked in a height direction, and the ecological building block (32) located at the bottom is arranged on the retaining wall foundation (31); the ecological building block (32) has an extension portion (321) facing the canal (4), a planting groove (321b) is arranged on the extension portion (321), and a relief slope (321a) is arranged on the lower side of the extension portion (321); of two ecological building blocks (32) adjacent in the height direction, the projection of the relief slope (321a) of one ecological building block (32) in the height direction covers at least a part of the planting groove (321b) of the other ecological building block (32).

2. The ecological canal slope protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filter medium (12) in the filter tank (11) is configured as gravel.

3. The ecological canal slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The eco-brick (221) is in a cross shape, and one end of the eco-brick (221) is provided with a first card block (221a), and the other end is provided with a first card slot (221b) matching the first card block (221a), and two adjacent eco-bricks (221) are engaged with each other through the first card block (221a) and the first card slot (221b).

4. The ecological canal slope protection structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ecological brick (221) is provided with a guide groove (222).

5. The ecological canal slope protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: There is a preset angle θ between the avoidance slope (321a) on the lower side of the ecological building block (32) and the horizontal plane; the preset angle θ is in the range of 40 degrees to 70 degrees.

6. The ecological canal slope protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the planting trough (321b) is provided with a through drainage hole (321c).

7. The ecological canal slope protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The top side of the ecological building block (32) is provided with a second clamping block (322), and the bottom side of the ecological building block (32) is provided with a second clamping groove (323) matching the second clamping block (322), and the ecological building blocks (32) adjacent in the height direction are clamped together through the second clamping block (322) and the second clamping groove (323).

8. The ecological canal slope protection structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plurality of ecological building blocks (32) are further stacked along the length direction of the canal (4); a third clamping block (324) is provided on the right side of the ecological building block (32); a third clamping groove (325) is provided on the left side of the ecological building block (32); and two adjacent ecological building blocks (32) along the length direction of the canal (4) are clamped together via the third clamping block (324) and the third clamping groove (325).

9. The ecological canal slope protection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The retaining wall (3) further comprises a filter layer (33), and the filter layer (33) is arranged on a side of the plurality of ecological building blocks (32) facing away from the river channel (4).

10. The ecological canal slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first top pressure block (5) and a second top pressure block (6); along the inclination direction of the slope surface (2), the first top pressure block (5) and the second top pressure block (6) are respectively arranged on both sides of the ecological brick layer (22), the first top pressure block (5) is in contact with the uppermost ecological brick (221), and the second top pressure block (6) is arranged on an ecological building block (32) located on the uppermost layer.

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