Combined heat and power generation efficient heat supply system
By setting up three-way valves and multiple heat exchange boxes in the cogeneration system, and using spiral heat exchange pipes and partition plate structures, the problem of steam pressure and temperature fluctuations in the turbine failure is solved, and a more stable heating effect is achieved .
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420241558.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-31
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-31
AI Technical Summary
When the high-pressure, medium-pressure or low-pressure cylinder of the turbine needs to be shut down for maintenance, the traditional cogeneration system cannot effectively ensure the heating effect, resulting in large fluctuations in the steam pressure and temperature of the basic heat grid heater, affecting the stability of the heating system .
By setting a three-way valve on the connecting pipe between the boiler and the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, the boiler steam is switched to multiple groups of heat exchange boxes for heat exchange and pressure reduction. Using the spiral heat exchange tube and partition plate structure, the steam flow direction is opposite to the liquid flow direction , increase the fluid flow time and temperature uniformity, and improve the heat exchange effect.
It effectively stabilizes the pressure and temperature of the steam, reduces the impact of the use of the basic heat grid heater, and improves the stability and efficiency of the heating system.
Smart Images
Figure CN222210284U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a heating system, in particular to a heat and power cogeneration high-efficiency heating system. Background Art
[0002] Cogeneration is a way of utilizing energy, which improves energy efficiency by producing electricity and heat at the same time. In traditional power plants, a large amount of heat energy is discharged into the environment in the form of waste heat, while cogeneration can utilize this waste heat and provide it to other places that require heat energy, such as industrial plants, residential areas or commercial buildings. Cogeneration systems usually use internal combustion engines, steam turbines, gas turbines, etc. as power generation equipment, and use the waste heat generated by them to convert waste heat into heat energy and supply it to other systems through waste heat boilers, flue gas waste heat recovery devices, etc. In this way, the energy utilization efficiency can be increased to more than 50%, which is much higher than the traditional method of generating electricity and supplying heat separately. The advantage of cogeneration is that it can improve energy utilization efficiency.
[0003] Steam is now prepared by using boilers and utilized by steam turbines. Steam turbines are usually composed of high-pressure cylinders, medium-pressure cylinders, and low-pressure cylinders, each of which has a specific role. High-pressure cylinder: The high-pressure cylinder is the first stage in the steam turbine and is also the part that bears the highest steam pressure. Its main function is to receive high-temperature and high-pressure steam and expand it to drive the rotating parts so that it has sufficient power and speed. The working process of the high-pressure cylinder will significantly reduce the pressure and temperature of the steam; medium-pressure cylinder: The medium-pressure cylinder is located after the high-pressure cylinder and receives the low-pressure steam discharged from the high-pressure cylinder. The function of the medium-pressure cylinder is to further expand and drive the rotating parts, providing additional speed and power output. The working process of the medium-pressure cylinder will further reduce the pressure and temperature of the steam; low-pressure cylinder: The low-pressure cylinder is located after the medium-pressure cylinder and receives the low-pressure steam discharged from the medium-pressure cylinder. It plays the role of the last level, further utilizing the remaining steam energy for expansion and driving the rotating parts. The working process of the low-pressure cylinder will further reduce the pressure and temperature of the steam. If the high-pressure cylinder or the medium-pressure cylinder is damaged but it still needs to function in the short term, the conventional cogeneration method mainly uses the exhaust steam of the medium-pressure steam turbine to transfer heat to the primary hot network water through the steam-water shell and tube heat exchanger, and then the primary hot network water transfers heat to the secondary hot network water through the water-water plate heat exchanger. Finally, the secondary hot network water provides heat to each user. When the steam turbine is damaged, it will affect the normal operation of the heating system. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-efficiency heat supply system for combined heat and power generation, which ensures a stable heating effect.
[0005] The technical solution of the utility model: a high-efficiency cogeneration heating system, including a boiler, a turbine high-pressure cylinder, a turbine medium-pressure cylinder, a turbine low-pressure cylinder, a generator, a condenser, a basic heat network heater and a peak heat network heater, characterized in that: a three-way valve is provided on the connecting pipe between the boiler and the turbine high-pressure cylinder, a plurality of groups of heat exchange boxes are provided on the rear side of the other outlet of the three-way valve, and the rear side of the heat exchange box is connected to the basic heat network heater; the heat exchange box includes a box body, a spiral heat exchange tube is provided in the box body, a plurality of groups of partition plates distributed up and down are provided in the box body, mounting holes corresponding to the spiral heat exchange tubes are provided in the partition plates, flow ports are provided on the partition plates, and the flow ports on adjacent partition plates are staggered.
[0006] In the aforementioned cogeneration high-efficiency heating system, the upper and lower sides of the box body are respectively provided with a water inlet and a drain outlet, one side of the water inlet is provided with an exhaust port corresponding to the spiral heat exchange tube, and one side of the drain outlet is provided with an air inlet corresponding to the spiral heat exchange tube.
[0007] In the aforementioned high-efficiency heating system for combined heat and power generation, the partition plate is provided with turbulent blades which are staggered and distributed.
[0008] Compared with the prior art, the utility model switches the boiler steam to the heat exchange box through a three-way valve when the high-pressure cylinder, the medium-pressure cylinder or the low-pressure cylinder of the turbine needs to be shut down for maintenance, and the heat exchange box is used for heat exchange and pressure reduction, so that the pressure and temperature fluctuations of the steam entering the basic heat network heater are smaller, avoiding affecting the normal use of the basic heat network heater. The steam flow direction in the heat exchange box is opposite to the fluid flow direction, so the heat exchange effect is better, and the partition plate can increase the fluid flow time, so the heat exchange effect is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] Figure 1 It is a connection schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0010] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange box of the utility model.
[0011] The markings in the attached drawings are: 1-boiler, 2-turbine high-pressure cylinder, 3-turbine medium-pressure cylinder, 4-turbine low-pressure cylinder, 5-generator, 6-condenser, 7-basic heat network heater, 9-three-way valve, 12-heat exchange box, 13-peak heat network heater, 15-box, 16-spiral heat exchange tube, 17-partition plate, 18-mounting hole, 19-flow port, 20-water inlet, 21-drain outlet, 22-exhaust outlet, 23-air inlet, 24-turbulence blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0012] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0013] Embodiment 1. A heat and power cogeneration high-efficiency heating system, comprising: Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes a boiler 1, a turbine high-pressure cylinder 2, a turbine medium-pressure cylinder 3, a turbine low-pressure cylinder 4, a generator 5, a condenser 6, a basic heat network heater 7 and a peak heat network heater 13, and is characterized in that: a three-way valve 9 is provided on the connecting pipe between the boiler 1 and the turbine high-pressure cylinder 2, and a plurality of groups of heat exchange boxes 12 are provided at the rear side of the other outlet of the three-way valve 9, and the rear side of the heat exchange box 12 is connected to the basic heat network heater 7; the heat exchange box 12 includes a box body 15, a spiral heat exchange tube 16 is provided in the box body 15, and a plurality of groups of partition plates 17 distributed up and down are provided in the box body 15, and mounting holes 18 corresponding to the spiral heat exchange tubes 16 are provided in the partition plates 17, and flow ports 19 are provided on the partition plates 17, and the flow ports 19 on adjacent partition plates 17 are staggered.
[0014] The box body 15 is provided with a water inlet 20 and a drain outlet 21 on the upper and lower sides respectively. One side of the water inlet 20 is provided with an exhaust port 22 corresponding to the spiral heat exchange tube 16 , and one side of the drain outlet 21 is provided with an air inlet 23 corresponding to the spiral heat exchange tube 16 .
[0015] The partition plate 17 is provided with turbulent blades 24 which are staggered in distribution.
[0016] Principle of the utility model: Existing equipment usually connects the air outlet of the intermediate pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and the air inlet of the basic heat network heater. When the high pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the intermediate pressure cylinder of the steam turbine or the low pressure cylinder of the steam turbine needs to be shut down for maintenance, the heating effect cannot be guaranteed. For example, in the patent of 202120870783.4, by setting the first stop valve and the second stop valve, when the steam turbine fails, the steam cannot enter the steam turbine and directly enters the basic heat network heater, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the steam turbine. However, this will cause large fluctuations in the steam pressure and temperature in the basic heat network heater, affecting the use of the basic heat network heater. This application plays a role of buffering and regulation by setting a heat exchange box. The steam sent out by the boiler 1 will be sent into the heat exchange box 12. The number of heat exchange boxes 12 can be multiple groups. The steam is diverted and reduced in pressure. The steam will enter from the air inlet 23 and be discharged from the exhaust port 22. The flow direction of the steam is opposite to the flow direction of the liquid, which can improve the heat exchange effect. A plurality of groups of partition plates 17 distributed up and down are provided in the box body 15. The partition plates 17 can play the role of partitioning the box body. The partition plates 17 are provided with flow ports 19, and the flow ports 19 of adjacent partition plates 17 are staggered, so that the flow time of the liquid in the box body 15 is increased. Furthermore, the partition plates 17 are provided with staggered turbulent blades, so that the liquid temperature is more uniform and the heat exchange effect is good.
Claims
1. A heat and power cogeneration high-efficiency heating system, comprising a boiler (1), a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder (2), a steam turbine medium-pressure cylinder (3), a steam turbine low-pressure cylinder (4), a generator (5), a condenser (6), a basic heating network heater (7) and a peak heating network heater (13), characterized in that: A three-way valve (9) is provided on the connecting pipe between the boiler (1) and the high-pressure cylinder (2) of the steam turbine. A plurality of heat exchange boxes (12) are provided on the rear side of the other outlet of the three-way valve (9). The rear side of the heat exchange boxes (12) is connected to the basic heat network heater (7). The heat exchange boxes (12) include a box body (15). A spiral heat exchange tube (16) is provided in the box body (15). A plurality of partition plates (17) distributed up and down are provided in the box body (15). The partition plates (17) are provided with mounting holes (18) corresponding to the spiral heat exchange tubes (16). The partition plates (17) are provided with flow ports (19), and the flow ports (19) on adjacent partition plates (17) are staggered.
2. A high-efficiency heat supply system for combined heat and power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body (15) is provided with a water inlet (20) and a water outlet (21) on the upper and lower sides respectively; an exhaust port (22) corresponding to the spiral heat exchange tube (16) is provided on one side of the water inlet (20); and an air inlet (23) corresponding to the spiral heat exchange tube (16) is provided on one side of the water outlet (21).
3. A high-efficiency heat supply system for combined heat and power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition plate (17) is provided with turbulent blades (24) which are staggeredly distributed.