Workpiece pressing mechanism and pressing system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a workpiece pressing mechanism and a pressing system. The workpiece pressing mechanism comprises a shell, a pressing rod, an elastic piece and an air bag. The shell is provided with a first containing cavity with a lower opening. The upper portion of the pressing rod is inserted into the first containing cavity and seals the lower opening of the first containing cavity, and the pressing rod can move up and down relative to the shell. The elastic piece is located in the first containing cavity, the lower end of the elastic piece abuts against the pressing rod, and the upper end abuts against the inner wall of the cavity body of the first containing cavity; the airbag communicates with the first containing cavity. The machine tool has the advantages that the workpiece pressing mechanism comprises the shell, the pressing rod with the upper portion inserted into the first containing cavity, the elastic piece located in the first containing cavity of the shell and the air bag, the size of the overall structure is small, the overall structure of the machine tool is simplified, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of workpiece processing, in particular to a workpiece pressing mechanism and a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] In the wet processing conditions of machine tools, there are liquids such as coolants and lubricants, which require high sealing performance of the workpiece clamping mechanism. At present, cylinders are generally used as clamping mechanisms to clamp the workpieces, but the cylinder itself is large in size and needs to be connected to the air compressor through an air pipe, which occupies a large space, resulting in the overall structure of the machine tool being not compact, and increasing the complexity of the structure under the limited space of the machine tool, and the cost of the cylinder is high. At the same time, when the driving end of the cylinder is shortened, the volume of the cylinder cavity decreases, the air pressure increases, and the high-pressure gas in the cylinder cavity is discharged from the gap and forms a negative pressure in the cylinder cavity, resulting in the liquid in the wet working condition being easily sucked into the cylinder cavity, causing damage to the cylinder. Utility Model Content

[0003] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a workpiece clamping mechanism and a machine tool, which solve the technical problems that the use of cylinders to clamp the workpieces has a large volume, occupies a large space, leads to a complex machine tool structure and a high cost, and the technical problem that liquids can easily enter the cylinder cavity and cause damage to the cylinder.

[0005] (II) Technical solution

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main technical solutions adopted by the utility model include:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a workpiece clamping mechanism, including a housing, a pressure rod, an elastic member and an airbag;

[0008] The shell has a first accommodating cavity with a lower opening;

[0009] The upper portion of the pressure rod is inserted into the first accommodating cavity and closes the lower opening of the first accommodating cavity, and the pressure rod can be lifted and moved relative to the shell;

[0010] The elastic member is located in the first accommodating cavity, the lower end of the elastic member abuts against the pressure rod, and the upper end of the elastic member abuts against the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity;

[0011] The airbag is connected to the first accommodating cavity.

[0012] According to the utility model, a sealing member is arranged between the lower inner peripheral wall of the shell and the pressure rod.

[0013] According to the utility model, the first accommodating cavity is connected from top to bottom, and the top of the shell is connected to a plug for closing the upper opening of the first accommodating cavity;

[0014] The upper end of the elastic member abuts against the plug, and the lower end abuts against the top of the pressure rod.

[0015] According to the utility model, the plug is threadedly connected to the top of the shell.

[0016] According to the utility model, the plug is provided with an external thread, the top of the shell is provided with an internal thread, and the lower thread of the plug is connected to the top of the shell.

[0017] According to the utility model, it also includes an airbag housing arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the housing;

[0018] One end or both ends of the airbag housing are open, and the airbag housing is sleeved on the outer periphery of the airbag;

[0019] The outer peripheral wall of the shell is provided with a through hole communicating with the airbag and the first accommodating cavity.

[0020] According to the utility model, the open end of the airbag housing extends radially outward to form a first connecting ring;

[0021] The open end of the airbag extends radially outward to form a second connecting ring;

[0022] Two ends of the second connecting ring abut against the first connecting ring and the outer peripheral wall of the shell, respectively, and the first connecting ring and the second connecting ring are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the shell.

[0023] According to the utility model, the bottom end of the pressure rod is detachably connected to the pressure head.

[0024] According to the utility model, the top of the pressure rod inserted in the first accommodating cavity extends radially outward to form an abutment ring, and the bottom of the abutment ring can abut on the step surface opened on the inner peripheral wall of the shell.

[0025] In a second aspect, the utility model further provides a clamping system, comprising the workpiece clamping mechanism, characterized in that it also comprises a processing head;

[0026] The housing is fixedly connected to a vertical slide rail, and the processing head is fixedly connected to a slider; or the housing is fixedly connected to a slider, and the processing head is fixedly connected to a vertical slide rail;

[0027] The vertical slide rail and the slider are slidably connected;

[0028] The processing head can drive the workpiece clamping mechanism to move downward as a whole through the housing.

[0029] (III) Beneficial effects

[0030] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the workpiece clamping mechanism and clamping system of the utility model, the workpiece clamping mechanism includes a shell, a pressure rod inserted into the first accommodating cavity at the upper part, an elastic member and an airbag located in the first accommodating cavity of the shell, the overall structure has a small volume, simplifies the overall structure of the machine tool, and has a simple structure and low cost.

[0031] When in use, the processing head drives the workpiece clamping mechanism to move downward as a whole through the shell until the pressure rod is pressed against the workpiece, and then the processing head drives the vertical slide rail or the slider to continue to move downward relative to the shell, so that the processing head contacts and processes the workpiece. In the process of the pressure rod pressing against the workpiece, the workpiece drives the pressure rod to move upward relative to the shell, the pressure rod drives the elastic member to compress and the volume of the first accommodating chamber of the shell to shrink, the gas in the first accommodating chamber enters the airbag, and the airbag expands to prevent the increase of air pressure in the first accommodating chamber from causing the elastic member to be unable to compress normally and affecting the compression stroke of the elastic member. After the pressure rod is separated from the workpiece, the elastic member rebounds and drives the pressure rod to move downward and recover, the gas in the airbag is discharged into the first accommodating chamber again, and the airbag shrinks. The air pressure of the first accommodating chamber is balanced by the contraction and expansion of the airbag, so that the air pressure of the first accommodating chamber is kept constant, so as to avoid the increase of the air pressure in the first accommodating chamber, which causes the elastic member to be unable to be compressed normally and affects the compression stroke of the elastic member. It also avoids the high-pressure gas in the first accommodating chamber to overflow from the gap between the shell and the pressure rod, forming a negative pressure chamber in the first accommodating chamber, causing the coolant and other liquids to enter the first accommodating chamber through the gap between the shell and the pressure rod, and causing the workpiece clamping mechanism to be damaged and fail. It has good sealing performance, can be applied to wet working conditions, is not easy to be damaged, and has a long service life. At the same time, the constant air pressure in the first accommodating chamber can also prevent the air pressure change from affecting the elongation and shortening of the elastic member and causing the pressure rod to move and become stuck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of Example 1 of the workpiece clamping mechanism of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0037] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0038] 1: housing; 11: first accommodating cavity; 12: through hole; 13: step surface; 14: second annular groove;

[0039] 21: pressure rod; 211: abutment ring; 212: third annular groove; 22: pressure head; 221: annular protrusion;

[0040] 3: Seals;

[0041] 4: Elastic parts;

[0042] 5: air bag; 51: second connecting ring;

[0043] 6: Plug;

[0044] 7: airbag housing; 71: second accommodating chamber; 72: first connecting ring; 721: first annular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings through specific implementation methods. Figure 2 The orientation is used as a reference.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] See also Figure 1-5 The utility model provides a workpiece clamping mechanism, including a housing 1, a pressing rod 21, an elastic member 4 and an airbag 5.

[0048] The housing 1 is provided with a first accommodating cavity 11 with a lower opening. The upper portion of the pressure rod 21 is inserted into the first accommodating cavity 11 and closes the lower opening of the first accommodating cavity 11, and the pressure rod 21 can be lifted and lowered relative to the housing 1. The elastic member 4 is located in the first accommodating cavity 11, and the lower end of the elastic member 4 abuts against the pressure rod 21, and the upper end abuts against the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity 11. The airbag 5 is connected to the first accommodating cavity 11.

[0049] When in use, when the pressure rod 21 is pressed against the workpiece, the workpiece drives the pressure rod 21 to move upward relative to the housing 1, the pressure rod 21 drives the elastic member 4 to be compressed and the volume of the first accommodating chamber 11 of the housing 1 to be reduced, the gas in the first accommodating chamber 11 enters the airbag 5, and the airbag 5 expands. After the pressure rod 21 is separated from the workpiece, the elastic member 4 rebounds and drives the pressure rod 21 to move downward and return, the gas in the airbag 5 is discharged into the first accommodating chamber 11 again, and the airbag 5 shrinks. The air pressure of the first accommodating chamber 11 is balanced by the contraction and expansion of the airbag 5, so that the air pressure of the first accommodating chamber 11 remains constant, and the increase of the air pressure in the first accommodating chamber 11 prevents the elastic member 4 from being compressed normally and affects the compression stroke of the elastic member 4. It also prevents the high-pressure gas in the first accommodating chamber 11 from overflowing from the gap between the shell 1 and the pressure rod 21, forming a negative pressure chamber in the first accommodating chamber 11, causing the coolant and other liquids to enter the first accommodating chamber 11 from the gap between the shell 1 and the pressure rod 21, and causing the workpiece clamping mechanism to be damaged and fail. It has good sealing performance, can be applied to wet working conditions, is not easy to be damaged, and has a long service life. At the same time, the constant air pressure in the first accommodating chamber 11 can also prevent the air pressure change from affecting the elongation and shortening of the elastic member 4 and causing the pressure rod 21 to move and become stuck.

[0050] The workpiece clamping mechanism of the utility model comprises a housing 1, a pressure rod 21 whose upper part is inserted into the first accommodating cavity 11, an elastic member 4 and an air bag 5 located in the first accommodating cavity 11 of the housing 1, and the overall structure has a small volume, which simplifies the overall structure of the machine tool, and the structure is simple and the cost is low. At the same time, the upper part of the pressure rod 21 is inserted into the first accommodating cavity 11 and closes the lower opening of the first accommodating cavity 11, so as to prevent liquids such as coolant under wet working conditions from entering the first accommodating cavity 11, so as to be suitable for wet working conditions and prolong the service life.

[0051] Specifically, the airbag 5 is a rubber airbag.

[0052] Specifically, the elastic member 4 is a spring.

[0053] During use, the elastic member 4 with different elastic modulus can be replaced according to the pressing force required by the workpiece.

[0054] Furthermore, a sealing member 3 for sealing a gap between the housing 1 and the pressing rod 21 is provided between the lower inner peripheral wall of the housing 1 and the pressing rod 21 .

[0055] Specifically, a second annular groove 14 is provided on the lower inner peripheral wall of the housing 1 , and a sealing member 3 is inserted into the second annular groove 14 .

[0056] Specifically, the sealing member 3 is a sealing ring.

[0057] Furthermore, the first accommodating cavity 11 is connected from top to bottom, and the top of the housing 1 is connected to a plug 6 for closing the upper opening of the first accommodating cavity 11. The upper end of the elastic member 4 abuts against the plug 6, and the lower end abuts against the top of the pressure rod 21.

[0058] Specifically, the plug 6 is threadedly connected to the top of the housing 1. By rotating and adjusting the plug 6, the preload force of the elastic member 4 can be changed to provide different pressing force values ​​for the workpiece.

[0059] More specifically, the plug 6 is provided with an external thread, and the top of the housing 1 is provided with an internal thread. The plug 6 is inserted and threadedly connected to the top of the housing 1.

[0060] Furthermore, the workpiece clamping mechanism further includes an airbag housing 7 arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the housing 1 .

[0061] One or both ends of the airbag housing 7 are open, and the airbag housing 7 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the airbag 5; the outer peripheral wall of the housing 1 is provided with a through hole 12 connecting the airbag 5 and the first accommodating cavity 11. The airbag 5 is placed in the airbag housing 7 to prevent the airbag 5 from being damaged.

[0062] Specifically, the open end of the airbag housing 7 extends radially outward to form a first connecting ring 72; the open end of the airbag 5 extends radially outward to form a second connecting ring 51; the two ends of the second connecting ring 51 respectively abut against the first connecting ring 72 and the outer peripheral wall of the housing 1, and the first connecting ring 72 and the second connecting ring 51 are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the housing 1. In this way, the assembly of the airbag 5, the airbag housing 7 and the housing 1 can be conveniently realized.

[0063] Preferably, the first connecting ring 72 is bonded to the second connecting ring 51 , and the first connecting ring 72 and the second connecting ring 51 are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the housing 1 by screws.

[0064] Preferably, there are multiple through holes 12 , which are spaced apart in the radial and / or circumferential direction of the housing 1 to facilitate gas circulation in the first accommodating cavity 11 and the airbag 5 .

[0065] Furthermore, the bottom end of the pressing rod 21 is detachably connected to the pressing head 22 , and the pressing head 22 presses the workpiece.

[0066] Specifically, the pressure rod 21 is clamped with the pressure head 22 for easy installation. More specifically, the peripheral wall of the pressure rod 21 is provided with a third annular groove 212, the upper groove of the pressure head 22 is sleeved on the bottom end of the pressure rod 21, and the annular protrusion 221 provided on the inner peripheral wall of the upper groove of the pressure head 22 is clamped in the third annular groove 212 of the pressure rod 21.

[0067] Furthermore, the top of the pressure rod 21 inserted in the first accommodating cavity 11 extends radially outward to form an abutment ring 211 , and the bottom of the abutment ring 211 can abut against the step surface 13 opened on the inner peripheral wall of the shell 1 to limit the downward movement of the pressure rod 21 .

[0068] When the pressure rod 21 presses the workpiece, the workpiece drives the pressure rod 21 to move upward relative to the housing 1, and the abutment ring 211 can move upward to the top of the through hole 12 on the housing 1. The gas in the airbag 5 can enter the compression chamber between the abutment ring 211 and the step surface 13 and between the peripheral wall of the pressure rod 21 and the inner peripheral wall of the housing 1, so as to balance the air pressure of the compression chamber and the outside atmosphere and avoid the formation of a negative pressure chamber in the compression chamber. When the seal 3 fails to seal, liquids such as coolant can easily enter through the gap between the inner peripheral wall of the housing 1 and the pressure rod 21, causing the workpiece clamping mechanism to be damaged and fail. Then, when the pressure rod 21 is separated from the workpiece, the spring rebounds and drives the pressure rod 21 to move downward and return, and the gas in the compression chamber can be discharged into the airbag 5 again.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] This embodiment further provides a clamping system based on the first embodiment.

[0071] The clamping system includes a workpiece clamping mechanism and a processing head.

[0072] The housing 1 is fixedly connected to a vertical slide rail, and the processing head is fixedly connected to a slider; or the housing 1 is fixedly connected to a slider, and the processing head is fixedly connected to a vertical slide rail. The vertical slide rail and the slider are slidably connected. The processing head can drive the workpiece clamping mechanism to move downward as a whole through the housing 1.

[0073] When in use, the processing head drives the workpiece clamping mechanism to move downward as a whole through the shell 1 until the pressure rod 21 presses against the workpiece, and then drives the vertical slide rail or slider to continue to move downward relative to the shell 1 so that the processing head abuts against and processes the workpiece.

[0074] To better explain, here is an example:

[0075] The workpiece to be processed is a cylindrical silicon rod, and the processing head is a cutting head. The processing head drives the workpiece clamping mechanism to move downward as a whole through the housing 1 until the pressure rod 21 presses against the silicon rod, and then the processing head drives the vertical slide rail or the slider to continue to move downward relative to the housing 1, and the processing head abuts against and cuts the circumferential edge of the silicon rod to process the cylindrical silicon rod into a rectangular silicon rod.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0077] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A workpiece clamping mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a housing (1), a pressure rod (21), an elastic member (4) and an air bag (5); The housing (1) is provided with a first accommodating chamber (11) with a lower opening; The upper portion of the pressure rod (21) is inserted into the first accommodating cavity (11) and closes the lower opening of the first accommodating cavity (11), and the pressure rod (21) can be lifted and moved relative to the housing (1); The elastic member (4) is located in the first accommodating cavity (11), the lower end of the elastic member (4) abuts against the pressure rod (21), and the upper end abuts against the inner wall of the first accommodating cavity (11); The airbag (5) is in communication with the first accommodating chamber (11).

2. The workpiece clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing member (3) is provided between the lower inner peripheral wall of the housing (1) and the pressure rod (21).

3. The workpiece clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first accommodating cavity (11) is connected vertically, and the top of the shell (1) is connected to a plug (6) for closing the upper opening of the first accommodating cavity (11); The upper end of the elastic member (4) abuts against the plug (6), and the lower end abuts against the top of the pressure rod (21).

4. The workpiece clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plug (6) is threadedly connected to the top of the housing (1).

5. The workpiece clamping mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plug (6) is provided with an external thread, the top of the shell (1) is provided with an internal thread, and the lower part of the plug (6) is threadedly connected to the top of the shell (1).

6. The workpiece clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an airbag housing (7) arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the housing (1); One end or both ends of the airbag housing (7) are open, and the airbag housing (7) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the airbag (5); The outer peripheral wall of the housing (1) is provided with a through hole (12) communicating with the airbag (5) and the first accommodating cavity (11).

7. The workpiece clamping mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The open end of the airbag housing (7) extends radially outward to form a first connecting ring (72); The open end of the airbag (5) extends radially outward to form a second connecting ring (51); The two ends of the second connecting ring (51) respectively abut against the first connecting ring (72) and the outer peripheral wall of the shell (1), and the first connecting ring (72) and the second connecting ring (51) are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the shell (1).

8. The workpiece clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the pressure rod (21) is detachably connected to the pressure head (22).

9. The workpiece clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the pressure rod (21) inserted into the first accommodating cavity (11) extends radially outward to form an abutment ring (211), and the bottom of the abutment ring (211) can abut against a step surface (13) formed on the inner peripheral wall of the shell (1).

10. A clamping system, comprising the workpiece clamping mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Also includes a processing head; The housing (1) is fixedly connected to a vertical slide rail, and the processing head is fixedly connected to a sliding block; or the housing (1) is fixedly connected to a sliding block, and the processing head is fixedly connected to a vertical slide rail; The vertical slide rail and the slider are slidably connected; The processing head can drive the workpiece clamping mechanism to move downward as a whole through the housing (1).

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