Hydraulic slotting device with adjustable slotting angle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of abrasive water jet and coal seam anti-reflection, and particularly relates to a hydraulic slotting device with an adjustable slotting angle, which comprises a rotary water tail connected with a high-pressure hose outlet of a pressurization system, a reversing valve arranged at an outlet of the rotary water tail, a reversing valve outlet connected with the lower part of a drill rod, and a slotting device arranged at the tail end of the drill rod, by the aid of the device, dangers caused by pressure building of equipment due to blockage of a water tail caused by deposition of grinding materials at the water tail are effectively avoided; and through precise adjustment of the slotting angle, wider and longer slots can be cut by fully utilizing the characteristics of ground stress, the pressure relief effect of the slots is improved under the same working condition, and wide applicability is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of abrasive water jet and coal seam permeability enhancement, and particularly relates to a hydraulic slotting device with adjustable slotting angle. Background Art

[0002] Coalbed methane is a new type of clean energy, whose main component is gas. It is widely present in coal seams. It is being developed and utilized by countries around the world because of its rich reserves, high efficiency, cleanliness, safety and environmental protection. However, my country's coal seams have high gas content but low permeability, making mining extremely difficult. Improving the permeability of coal seams and improving the efficiency of gas extraction are the key to promoting the optimization and transformation of my country's energy structure. Hydraulic measures have been widely studied because of their advantages such as timely removal of coal slag and simple equipment. Specific hydraulic measures include hydraulic fracturing, hydraulic punching, hydraulic cutting and other technologies. Abrasive water jet cutting technology is a new technology developed in recent years. Because of its strong erosion ability, it is used in cutting and permeability enhancement operations in boreholes. For example, the publication number is CN117052296A, and the utility model name is "a water jet coal seam cutting device". It uses high-pressure drill pipes, high-pressure water tails and other devices to cut coal seam boreholes through high-pressure pure water jets. This device requires a high pressure to utilize pure water jets, and the safety of the equipment is low. In addition, the slot angle can only be cut perpendicular to the slotter, and the ground stress cannot be fully utilized, and the slots cut are small. In response to the above-mentioned problems, based on the existing equipment and technology, the utility model proposes an abrasive slotting device that can prevent abrasive clogging and can actively unload, thereby improving the safety of the device. The new slotting device can maximize the use of coal seam ground stress by adjusting the nozzle angle to cut slots with more obvious pressure relief effect. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a hydraulic cutting device with adjustable cutting angle, which can accurately control the cutting angle, reasonably utilize the ground stress of the coal seam, and cut a slot with better pressure relief effect under the same conditions; it can effectively remove impurities in the abrasive and prevent water tail clogging from causing excessive local pressure of the equipment.

[0004] A hydraulic slotting device with adjustable slotting angle comprises a rotating water tail connected to the outlet of a high-pressure hose of a pressurized system, a reversing valve is arranged at the outlet of the rotating water tail, the outlet of the reversing valve is connected to a drill pipe, a slotting device is arranged at the end of the drill pipe, a drill bit is arranged at the end of the slotting device, and a nozzle is arranged on the drill bit, the slotting device comprises a hollow tube body and trumpet-shaped injection ports symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end thereof, one end of the hollow tube body is movably connected to the drill pipe, and the other end is movably connected to the drill bit, a section of diversion sleeve is sleeved in the hollow tube body at the end connected to the drill bit, and the length of the diversion sleeve is less than the hollow tube body. The hollow tube body is provided with a shunt pipe, and the diverter pipe divides the hollow tube body into three channels, which are a channel located in the center connected to the drill bit, and side channels located on both sides connected to the injection port. A rotatable and adjustable ball valve is provided at the injection port, and the ball valve comprises an inner spherical shell connected to the side channel and an outer spherical shell sleeved on the inner spherical shell and rotatable relative to the inner spherical shell. Inlet and outlet are provided on the inner spherical shell and the outer spherical shell, and an injection pipe is also provided at the outlet of the outer spherical shell. A nozzle is also provided at the end of the injection pipe. The injection pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet of the outer spherical shell, and the injection direction of the outlet of the outer spherical shell can be determined by manually rotating the outer spherical shell.

[0005] Furthermore, the reversing valve includes a valve body, which is provided with an inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet. The valve body is provided with a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity and an internal pipeline. A horizontal piston channel is provided between the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity and they are interconnected through the channel. A piston is provided in the piston channel. A spring is provided at one end of the piston channel, the spring is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end of the piston channel is connected to the first cavity through the internal pipeline. The inlet is connected to the first cavity, the first outlet is arranged at the end of the second cavity and is connected to the drill pipe, and the second outlet is arranged at the end of the third cavity. The first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are opened and closed by the movement of the piston. The setting of the reversing valve can switch the direction between several cavities only by relying on the pressure of the slurry, and the control is simple and reliable.

[0006] Furthermore, the abrasive mixing pressurizing system includes an abrasive tank, a feed pump arranged on the abrasive tank outlet pipeline 1, the feed pump outlet pipeline 2 merges with the plunger pump inlet pipeline 4 and the abrasive tank inlet pipeline 3, and a three-way ball valve is provided at the merged pipeline, a pressure reducing valve is provided on the plunger pump outlet pipeline, and the pressure reducing valve outlet is connected to the high-pressure hose inlet.

[0007] Furthermore, a vibrating screen is provided at the inlet of the abrasive tank.

[0008] The utility model has the advantages of:

[0009] 1. This device fully considers the problem of abrasives in the drill pipe blocking the tailwater. When the coal seam drilling is carried out in the tunnel for rotary cutting, the abrasives in the drill pipe are deposited to the bottom due to gravity when the drill is withdrawn and the position is changed, which may block the tailwater at the bottom. When cutting the next seam, the tailwater needs to be removed for cleaning, which not only causes a waste of abrasives and increases the workload, but also leads to lower safety of the equipment. The reversing valve provided in the utility model solves the above problems;

[0010] 2. In view of the problems of fixed slit angle and short slot in the current abrasive jet water jet slitting device, this device is designed with a slitting device with adjustable slit angle. Based on the occurrence characteristics of the coal seam, geological conditions and the stress distribution of coal and rock after extraction drilling construction, the optimal slit angle can be determined and the slitting device spray hole angle can be set, so that the abrasive water jet technology can maximize the use of coal seam ground stress to cut slots with more obvious pressure relief effect;

[0011] 3. The utility model realizes the pressure relief and permeability enhancement work of applying abrasive jet to water jet cutting in coal mines. This technology can greatly reduce the pressure of pure water jet due to the erosion effect of abrasive, improve the overall safety of the equipment and simplify the operation steps of the equipment. However, since the overall equipment is still working under high pressure, there may be large diameter impurity particles in the abrasive and coal dust that may fall from the top plate. Adding a vibrating screen above the abrasive tank can solve this problem. Adding an unloading device to the plunger pump also prevents the danger of excessive pressure of the high-pressure hose caused by water tail blockage. The reversing valve above the water tail can also prevent the abrasive in the drill pipe from clogging the water tail. The new slotting device structure with adjustable nozzle angle can use the characteristics of ground stress to cut a slot with more obvious pressure relief effect under the same conditions. The results of this utility model solve the problem of poor permeability and difficult gas extraction in high-gas mines. The working pressure of this equipment is low, the equipment is highly safe, and it is easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a reference diagram of the use status of the utility model.

[0013] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the reversing valve structure.

[0014] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a slotter with adjustable nozzle angle.

[0015] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the adjustable nozzle structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] As shown in the figure, a hydraulic slitting device with adjustable slit angle includes an abrasive mixing pressurization system and a slitting system connected to the outlet of the pressurization system; the slitting system includes a rotating water tail 14 connected to the outlet of the high-pressure hose 13 of the pressurization system, a reversing valve 15 is provided at the outlet of the rotating water tail, and the outlet of the reversing valve is connected to a drill rod 24, a slitting device 26 is provided at the end of the drill rod, a drill bit 40 is provided at the end of the slitting device, and a nozzle 27 is provided on the drill bit, the slitting device includes a hollow tube body 34 and trumpet-shaped injection ports 37 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end thereof, one end of the hollow tube body is movably connected to the drill rod, and the other end is movably connected to the drill bit, and one end connected to the drill bit is A diversion sleeve is sleeved in the hollow tube body, the length of the diversion sleeve is shorter than the hollow tube body, and the diversion sleeve divides the hollow tube body into three channels, namely a channel 35 located in the center connected to the drill bit, and a side channel 36 located on both sides connected to the injection port. A rotatable and adjustable ball valve 38 is provided at the injection port, and the ball valve includes an inner spherical shell 41 connected to the side channel and an outer spherical shell 42 sleeved outside the inner spherical shell and rotatable relative to the inner spherical shell. Inlet and outlet are provided on the inner spherical shell and the outer spherical shell, and an injection pipe is also provided at the outlet of the outer spherical shell. A nozzle is also provided at the end of the injection pipe 39. The injection pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet of the outer spherical shell, and the injection direction of the outlet of the outer spherical shell can be adjusted. Determined by manually rotating the outer ball shell; the reversing valve includes a valve body, on which an inlet 21, a first outlet 17 and a second outlet 20 are provided, and a first cavity 16, a second cavity, a third cavity and an internal pipeline 19 are provided in the valve body, and a horizontal piston channel is provided between the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity and interconnected through the channel, a piston 23 is provided in the piston channel, a spring 22 is provided at one end of the piston channel, the spring is fixedly connected to the piston, and the other end of the piston channel is connected to the first cavity through the internal pipeline, the inlet is connected to the first cavity, the first outlet is provided at the end of the second cavity and is connected to the drill pipe, and the second outlet is provided At the end of the third cavity 18, the first cavity, the second cavity, and the third cavity are opened and closed by controlling the movement of the piston. The setting of the reversing valve can switch the direction between several cavities only by relying on the pressure of the slurry, and the control is simple and reliable; the abrasive mixing pressurization system includes an abrasive tank 2, a feed pump 5 arranged on the abrasive tank outlet pipeline 1 4, the feed pump outlet pipeline 2 6 merges with the plunger pump 10 inlet pipeline 4 9 and the abrasive tank inlet pipeline 3 7, and a three-way ball valve 8 is provided at the merged pipeline, a pressure reducing valve 12 is provided on the plunger pump outlet pipeline 11, and the pressure reducing valve outlet is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure hose 13; a vibrating screen 1 is provided at the inlet of the abrasive tank.

[0017] When in use, first add the abrasive into the abrasive tank, and filter the impurities through the vibrating screen in the abrasive tank. Before the abrasive is mixed with water, the water in the abrasive tank is in a circulating flow state under the action of the feed pump. At this time, the switch at the outlet 3 of the abrasive tank is in a closed state. When the water and abrasive in the abrasive tank reach a certain ratio, open the valve at the outlet 3 of the abrasive tank. At this time, part of the fully mixed abrasive is continuously circulated and stirred, and the other part enters the injection pump for pressurization. A pressure reducing valve is installed at the rear end of the injection pump to effectively prevent the danger caused by the blockage of the high-pressure hose and the water tail. The high-pressure mixed abrasive is discharged at the slurry outlet of the injection pump. The pressurization system and the slitting system are connected by a high-pressure hose, the front end is connected to the slurry outlet of the injection pump, and the rear end is connected to the water tail of the slitting system. The high-pressure mixed abrasive flows through the water tail, and a reversing valve is installed above the water tail. The function of the reversing valve is that when the whole system finishes working, the mixed abrasive in the drill pipe will not accumulate in the water tail part, causing the local pressure in the high-pressure hose to be too high when the system works again. The abrasive inside the drill pipe will flow out of the drill pipe through the reversing valve. A slotter is installed at the front end of the drill pipe. Nozzles are installed on both sides of the slotter to perform slotting 28 operations on the coal seam. After that, the wastewater enters the recovery device through the return pipe. The recovery cylinder uses centrifugal method to separate the abrasive. The abrasive and coal slag will be deposited in different places when rotating at a certain speed. The remaining coal slag can also be recovered. When the whole system completes the slotting operation, the remaining slurry in the drill pipe will not flow back to the water tail directly, but will flow out from the second outlet after passing through the reversing valve to prevent excessive accumulation of abrasive and cause pipeline blockage.

[0018] More specifically, the abrasive and water are fully mixed in the abrasive tank and then pressurized, and then the high-pressure hose is used to cut the high-gas coal seam of the slotting system for slotting, pressure relief and permeability enhancement. It mainly includes a vibrating screen 1, an abrasive tank 2, a feed pump 5, a pipeline, a three-way ball valve 8, a plunger pump 10, a pressure reducing valve 12, a high-pressure hose 13, a rotating water tail 14, a reversing valve 15, a drill rod 24, a slotting device 26, a nozzle 27, a reflux hose, and an abrasive centrifugal separator 31. First, adjust the angle of the slotting device nozzle to the vertical direction according to the required drilling position and then fix it. The vibrating screen above the abrasive tank can filter the abrasive before adding it to prevent particles with larger diameters from entering the device system; the bottom of the abrasive tank is connected to pipeline one and is detachable. When abrasive is deposited in the abrasive tank or there are other impurities, it can be cleaned and discharged through this outlet; pipeline one is connected to the inlet end of the feed pump 5; the output end of the feed pump 5 is connected to pipeline two; pipelines two, three, and four are connected through a three-way ball valve, and the ball valve starts to connect pipelines two and three. When the abrasive and water are fully mixed, the ball valve is opened to connect the three pipelines. The function of pipeline three is to keep the mixed abrasive in a flowing state to prevent abrasive deposition from clogging the pipeline; pipeline four is connected to the inlet end of the plunger pump, and the mixed abrasive enters the plunger pump through here for pressurization; the plunger pump The output end 11 is connected to the high-pressure hose 13 through the pressure reducing valve 12, and the high-pressure hose is connected to the rotating water tail 14. When passing through the reversing valve, the slurry enters through the inlet 21 after passing through the water tail. At the beginning, the first cavity 16 is in a closed state due to the action of the spring 22. The slurry passes through the internal pipeline 19, pushing the piston to open the first cavity 16 and close the second cavity 18. When the equipment is working, the first cavity 16 is always in an open state, and the second cavity 18 is closed. The reversing valve has only one upward passage; it reaches the slotting device through the drill rod, the central jet is used to drive the front drill bit 40, and the side jet is used for slotting. 38 is an adjustable ball valve, which is an adjustable angle and fixed area of ​​the nozzle. The principle of adjusting the angle is that the double spherical shells can rotate relative to each other. At the same time, the mixed slurry can be further accelerated here; after the slurry is ejected at high pressure to complete the slotting operation, it carries the coal slag along the borehole to the return pipe 29; it is directly connected to the bottom of the borehole, which is convenient for direct discharge of waste; the return pipe is connected to the recovery soft circuit; and then enters the recovery device. The piston 23 in the reversing valve is not propelled by the slurry in the internal pipeline 19 , the spring and the piston return to their original positions, the first cavity 16 is closed, the second cavity 18 is opened, and the remaining slurry in the drill pipe flows out along the second cavity 18 .In the specific implementation, water is added into the abrasive tank, and the switch of the feed pump is turned on to start the circulation flow. After a certain amount of water is added, the mass of the required abrasive is calculated according to the required concentration and then added to the vibrating screen, and the switch of the vibrating screen is turned on. The feed pump is also continuously working to ensure sufficient mixing; after the addition is completed, the three-way ball valve is opened to make the pipelines one, two and three the same, and the switch of the plunger pump is turned on, and the plunger pump starts to work, and the mixed abrasive enters the plunger pump through the pipeline four for pressurization; after pressurization, it enters the rotating water tail through the high-pressure hose, and at this time, the rotary switch of the drill pipe is turned on, and the abrasive jet reaches the nozzles at both ends of the slotting device through the drill pipe, and the jet is further accelerated here for slotting operation; then it flows into the recovery barrel 25 along the drill pipe, and then enters the abrasive recovery machine for separation. Through the centrifugal action of the recovery barrel, the abrasive and coal slag are distributed in different radius areas of the semipermeable membrane, so that the abrasive is reused; after the equipment stops working, the slurry in the drill pipe flows out from the other end of the reversing valve.

Claims

1. A hydraulic slitting device with adjustable slitting angle, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a rotating water tail connected to the outlet of the high-pressure hose of the pressurizing system, wherein a reversing valve is provided at the outlet of the rotating water tail, the outlet of the reversing valve is connected to the drill pipe, a slotter is provided at the end of the drill pipe, a drill bit is provided at the end of the slotter, and a nozzle is provided on the drill bit, the slotter comprises a hollow tube body and trumpet-shaped injection ports symmetrically arranged on both sides of the end thereof, one end of the hollow tube body is movably connected to the drill pipe, and the other end is movably connected to the drill bit, a section of diversion sleeve is sleeved in the hollow tube body at the end connected to the drill bit, the length of the diversion sleeve is smaller than the hollow tube body, and the diversion pipe divides the hollow tube body into three channels, namely a channel connected to the drill bit at the center and side channels connected to the injection ports at both sides, a rotatable and adjustable ball valve is provided at the injection port, the ball valve comprises an inner spherical shell connected to the side channel and an outer spherical shell sleeved outside the inner spherical shell and rotatable relative to the inner spherical shell, the inner spherical shell and the outer spherical shell are both provided with inlets and outlets, a injection pipe is also provided at the outlet of the outer spherical shell, and a nozzle is also provided at the end of the injection pipe.

2. The hydraulic slotting device with adjustable slotting angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reversing valve includes a valve body, which is provided with an inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet. The valve body is provided with a first cavity, a second cavity, a third cavity and an internal pipeline. A horizontal piston channel is provided between the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity and they are interconnected through the channel. A piston is provided in the piston channel. A spring is provided at one end of the piston channel, and the spring is fixedly connected to the piston. The other end of the piston channel is connected to the first cavity through the internal pipeline. The inlet is connected to the first cavity, the first outlet is provided at the end of the second cavity and is connected to the drill pipe, and the second outlet is provided at the end of the third cavity. The opening and closing of the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are controlled by the movement of the piston.

3. The hydraulic slotting device with adjustable slotting angle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing system includes an abrasive tank, a feed pump arranged on the abrasive tank outlet pipeline 1, the feed pump outlet pipeline 2 merges with the plunger pump inlet pipeline 4 and the abrasive tank inlet pipeline 3, and a three-way ball valve is arranged at the merged pipeline, a pressure reducing valve is arranged on the plunger pump outlet pipeline, and the pressure reducing valve outlet is connected to the high-pressure hose inlet.

4. The hydraulic slotting device with adjustable slotting angle according to claim 3, characterized in that: A vibrating screen is provided at the inlet of the abrasive tank.

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