Coal mine tunneling roadway anchor rod support

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of roadway supports, in particular to a coal mine tunneling roadway anchor rod support. According to the technical scheme, the coal mine tunneling roadway anchor rod support comprises anchor rods, a vault, expansion bolts and two supporting plates, the two supporting plates are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of a roadway, the vault is erected on the supporting plates, the anchor rods are arranged on the outer side surfaces of the vault and the supporting plates, expansion grooves are formed in the anchor rods, and the expansion bolts are arranged in the expansion grooves. Threaded holes are formed in the vault, the supporting plate and the anchor rods, expansion bolts are installed in the anchor rods, the anchor rods of the vault and the supporting plate are supported and expanded through the expansion bolts, then the vault and the supporting plate are fixed to the inner wall of a roadway, and lining plates are laid on the inner surface of the vault and the inner surface of the supporting plate. The utility model has the advantages of stable structure, safety, reliability, easy installation, smooth surface and the like, is suitable for improving the safety and stability of the coal mine tunnel, and ensures the working environment of miners.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel support, in particular to anchor support for coal mine excavation tunnels. Background Art

[0002] Coal mine tunnels are passages dug in underground coal mines for entry, exit and transportation. Tunnels play an important role in coal mines. They connect different coal mining areas, ventilation systems and safe exits, providing miners with a safe and efficient working environment. Bolting support in coal mine tunnels is a commonly used tunnel support method designed to enhance the stability and safety of the tunnel. This support method uses bolts to fix the rock formations around the tunnel together to prevent rock collapse and tunnel instability. The existing support device mainly adopts an anchor rod single-layer anchor net sprayed concrete support structure, in which the anchor rod usually adopts a pipe seam anchor rod. Its anchoring principle is to radially compress the rod body with the pipe seam through external force so that the diameter of its front end is slightly smaller than the aperture of the drilled hole in the rock wall, and then it is driven into the drilled hole. The anchor net is pressed against the rock wall through the anchor rod support plate. Under the constraint of the hole wall, the rod body produces radial extrusion force on the surrounding rock and axial friction force between the hole wall. Under the support of the supporting device at the rear end of the anchor rod, it plays a role of reinforcing and stabilizing the support for the surrounding rock. However, it is very easy to cause the sprayed concrete body to crack and fall off due to the influence of blasting disturbance, resulting in the need to frequently repair the support device, resulting in poor support effect and high support cost. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides anchor support for coal mine excavation tunnels and solves the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] The utility model solves the above-mentioned technical problems as follows:

[0005] Anchor support for coal mine excavation tunnels includes anchor rods, arches, expansion bolts and support plates. There are two support plates in total, and the two support plates are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tunnel. An arch is mounted on the support plate, and the outer surfaces of the arch and the support plate are provided with anchor rods. Expansion grooves are opened on the anchor rods, and threaded holes are opened inside the arch, the support plate and the anchor rods. Expansion bolts are installed in the anchor rods. The anchor rods of the arch and the support plate are supported and expanded by the expansion bolts, so that the arch and the support plate are fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel, and the inner surfaces of the arch and the support plate are paved with lining plates.

[0006] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, through holes are provided at positions of the inner lining plate corresponding to the expansion bolts, so as to facilitate the inner lining plate to fit tightly against the arch and the support plate.

[0008] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are:

[0009] Tight fit: The through-hole arrangement enables the lining plate to correspond to the position of the expansion bolts and fit more closely to the arch and support plate. This ensures good contact between the lining plate and the support structure, prevents gaps or looseness during work, and thus improves the stability and safety of the support system.

[0010] Reinforced support: The through-holes can make the inner lining plate more secure when connected with the expansion bolts. By passing the expansion bolts through the through-holes, the inner lining plate can be effectively reinforced, not prone to falling off or displacement, and further enhancing the stability of the supporting structure.

[0011] Simplified installation: The presence of through holes makes the installation of the lining plate easier. During the installation process, you only need to pass the expansion bolt through the through hole to make the lining plate and the supporting structure tightly combined, saving installation time and labor costs.

[0012] Improve applicability: The through-hole setting can adapt to lining plates of different sizes and shapes, and has certain flexibility and versatility. No matter what style of lining plate, the position of the through-hole can be adjusted to correspond to the expansion bolt, thus meeting the support requirements of different tunnels.

[0013] Furthermore, the expansion groove is cross-shaped, and the expansion groove is located at one end of the anchor rod away from the arch and the support plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are:

[0015] Increase expansion effect: The cross-shaped expansion slot design can increase the expansion effect of the anchor rod. Due to the shape of the expansion slot, when the expansion bolt is pushed into the expansion slot, a greater expansion force will be generated, making the anchor rod more firmly fixed on the inner wall of the tunnel, improving the stability and safety of the support system.

[0016] Uniform expansion: The cross-shaped design of the expansion groove can transfer the expansion force to the rock formation around the anchor rod more evenly. This can avoid the expansion force being concentrated on a specific part of the anchor rod, reduce the local stress of the rock formation, reduce the damage and deformation of the rock formation, and improve the reliability of the support system.

[0017] Enhanced connection strength: The expansion groove is located at the end of the anchor rod away from the arch and the support plate, making the anchor rod more stable during expansion. This design can effectively prevent the anchor rod from being dislocated or offset during the expansion process, enhance the connection strength between the anchor rod and the arch and the support plate, and improve the safety and stability of the support system.

[0018] Simplified operation: The cross-shaped expansion slot design makes the installation of anchor rods easier. The expansion bolt can be expanded by simply inserting it into the expansion slot, without complicated operation steps, reducing the labor intensity and construction time of construction workers and improving construction efficiency.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer surface of the anchor rod is provided with anti-skid grooves, and the connection strength between the anchor rod and the tunnel is increased by the anti-skid grooves.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are:

[0021] Enhanced friction: The anti-skid pattern design can increase the friction between the anchor surface and the tunnel wall. When the anchor is fixed on the tunnel wall, the anti-skid pattern can increase the friction between the anchor and the rock formation, preventing the anchor from sliding or loosening during work, and improving the stability and safety of the support system.

[0022] Increase tensile strength: The presence of anti-skid patterns can effectively increase the tensile strength of the anchor rod. The anti-skid patterns on the outer surface of the anchor rod can increase the contact area between the anchor rod and the tunnel wall, thereby increasing the tensile strength of the anchor rod when subjected to force, making the support system more solid and reliable.

[0023] Improved connection performance: The anti-slip pattern increases the connection strength between the anchor and the tunnel wall, thereby improving the overall connection performance of the support system. This design can ensure a tight connection between the anchor and the tunnel wall, reduce the risk of loosening or sliding, and effectively ensure the stability and safety of the support system.

[0024] Strong adaptability: The anti-skid pattern design is suitable for various geological conditions and surface conditions of tunnel walls. Whether on wet, dry, smooth or rough tunnel walls, the anti-skid pattern can effectively increase the friction between the anchor rod and the tunnel wall, improving the adaptability and stability of the support system in different working environments.

[0025] Furthermore, the inner lining plate is connected and fixed to the arch and the support plate by means of buckles or bolts.

[0026] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are:

[0027] Stable connection: The inner lining plate adopts buckle or bolt connection to ensure a stable connection with the arch and support plate. Whether it is buckle or bolt, it can effectively fix the inner lining plate to prevent it from loosening or falling off during work, ensuring the stability and safety of the support system.

[0028] Simple and fast: The snap-on or bolt connection method is easy to install and operate, which can save installation time and labor costs. Workers only need to align the lining plate with the arch and support plate, and then snap or bolt them to complete the fixation. It is simple and fast, suitable for rapid construction.

[0029] Reliable and durable: The snap or bolt connection method has strong tensile strength and durability, can withstand certain external forces and vibrations, and is not easy to loosen or break. This connection method can ensure the long-term stable connection between the lining plate and the arch and support plate, and improve the reliability and service life of the support system.

[0030] Strong applicability: The snap or bolt connection method is suitable for lining plates of various shapes and sizes, and has certain versatility and adaptability. No matter what style of lining plate, it can be fixed with the arch and support plate by adjusting the connection method to meet different engineering requirements.

[0031] Easy to maintain: The inner lining plate connected by clips or bolts is relatively simple to maintain and replace. Once damaged or needs to be replaced, just remove the original clips or bolts and then replace them. It is easy to operate and does not affect the overall stability of the support system.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0033] Structural stability: The system uses a variety of support components, such as anchor rods, arches, expansion bolts and support plates. Through the mutual cooperation and fixation of these components, a solid support structure is formed. The anchor rods are fixed through threaded holes set on the tunnel wall, and the expansion bolts are fixed by expanding the arches and support plates, thereby firmly supporting the rock formation of the entire tunnel, effectively reducing the risk of rock formation collapse and tunnel instability.

[0034] Safety: The anti-skid pattern on the surface of the anchor increases the friction with the tunnel wall, effectively preventing the anchor from loosening or sliding, and improving the safety of the entire support system. At the same time, the use of the inner lining can also reduce the sharp or uneven objects inside the tunnel, reducing the possibility of worker injury.

[0035] Reliability: The expansion bolts fix the vault and support plate by expansion, which has high reliability and stability. This design can ensure that the support system will not loosen or fall off during long-term use, thus improving the service life and safety of the tunnel.

[0036] Easy to install: The system's components are relatively simple in design and the installation process is also relatively simple. The anchor rods, expansion bolts and support plates are all connected by threaded holes, and can be fixed to the tunnel wall through simple operations. The installation of the lining plate also adopts snap-on or bolt connection, which is simple to operate and suitable for rapid construction.

[0037] Smooth surface: The lining plate is laid on the inner surface of the arch and the support plate, making the inner wall of the tunnel smoother. This design is not only beautiful, but also can reduce the cracks and bumps in the rock formation, and improve the safety and comfort of the tunnel.

[0038] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the utility model. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the utility model and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the utility model with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation method of the utility model is given in detail by the following embodiments and their drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0040] In the attached picture:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the utility model;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the axial side structure of the utility model.

[0043] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0044] 1. Lining plate; 2. Through hole; 3. Expansion groove; 4. Anchor rod; 5. Vault; 6. Expansion bolt; 7. Support plate; 8. Threaded hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0046] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the embodiments provided by the utility model:

[0047] Embodiment 1

[0048] The anchor support of coal mine excavation tunnel includes an anchor 4, an arch 5, an expansion bolt 6 and a support plate 7. There are two support plates 7, and the two support plates 7 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tunnel. The arch 5 is mounted on the support plate 7. The outer surfaces of the arch 5 and the support plate 7 are both provided with anchors 4. The outer surface of the anchor 4 is provided with anti-skid patterns. The anchor 4 increases the connection strength with the tunnel through the anti-skid patterns. The design of the anti-skid patterns can increase the friction between the surface of the anchor 4 and the tunnel wall. When the anchor 4 is fixed on the tunnel wall, the anti-skid patterns can increase the friction between the anchor 4 and the rock formation, prevent the anchor 4 from sliding or loosening during work, and improve the stability and safety of the support system. The existence of the anti-skid patterns can effectively increase the tensile strength of the anchor 4. The anti-skid patterns on the outer surface of the anchor 4 can increase the contact area between the anchor 4 and the tunnel wall, thereby increasing the tensile strength of the anchor 4 when subjected to force, making the support system more solid and reliable. The anti-skid pattern increases the connection strength between the anchor rod 4 and the tunnel wall, thereby improving the overall connection performance of the support system. This design can ensure the close connection between the anchor rod 4 and the tunnel wall, reduce the risk of loosening or sliding, and effectively ensure the stability and safety of the support system. The anti-skid pattern design is suitable for various geological conditions and surface conditions of the tunnel wall. Whether on a wet, dry, smooth or rough tunnel wall, the anti-skid pattern can effectively increase the friction between the anchor rod 4 and the tunnel wall, and improve the adaptability and stability of the support system in different working environments. An expansion groove 3 is provided on the anchor rod 4, and the expansion groove 3 is cross-shaped, and the expansion groove 3 is located at one end of the anchor rod 4 away from the vault 5 and the support plate 7. The cross-shaped expansion groove 3 design can increase the expansion effect of the anchor rod 4. Due to the shape of the expansion groove 3, when the expansion bolt 6 is pushed into the expansion groove 3, a greater expansion force will be generated, so that the anchor rod 4 is more firmly fixed on the inner wall of the tunnel, improving the stability and safety of the support system. The cross-shaped design of the expansion groove 3 can make the expansion force more evenly transmitted to the rock formation around the anchor rod 4. This can avoid the expansion force being concentrated on a specific part of the anchor rod 4, reduce the local stress of the rock formation, reduce the damage and deformation of the rock formation, and improve the reliability of the support system. The expansion groove 3 is located at the end of the anchor rod 4 away from the arch 5 and the support plate 7, making the anchor rod 4 more stable during expansion. This design can effectively prevent the anchor rod 4 from being dislocated or offset during the expansion process, enhance the connection strength between the anchor rod 4 and the arch 5 and the support plate 7, and improve the safety and stability of the support system. The cross-shaped expansion groove 3 design makes the installation of the anchor rod 4 easier.The expansion bolt 6 can realize the expansion of the anchor rod 4 by simply inserting it into the expansion groove 3, without complicated operation steps, reducing the labor intensity and construction time of the construction personnel, and improving the construction efficiency. The inside of the arch 5, the support plate 7 and the anchor rod 4 are all provided with threaded holes 8, and the expansion bolt 6 is installed in the anchor rod 4. The arch 5 and the anchor rod 4 of the support plate 7 are supported and expanded by the expansion bolt 6, so that the arch 5 and the support plate 7 are fixed on the inner wall of the tunnel. The inner surface of the arch 5 and the support plate 7 is paved with an inner lining plate 1, and the inner lining plate 1 is connected and fixed with the arch 5 and the support plate 7 by buckles or bolts. The inner lining plate 1 adopts a buckle or bolt connection method, which can ensure a stable connection with the arch 5 and the support plate 7. Whether it is a buckle or a bolt, the inner lining plate 1 can be effectively fixed to prevent it from loosening or falling off during work, and the stability and safety of the support system are guaranteed. The buckle or bolt connection method has the characteristics of simple installation and convenient operation, which can save installation time and labor costs. Workers only need to align the lining plate 1 with the arch 5 and the support plate 7, and then connect them by snap or bolt to complete the fixation. It is simple and fast and suitable for rapid construction. The snap or bolt connection method has strong tensile strength and durability, can withstand certain external forces and vibrations, and is not easy to loosen or break. This connection method can ensure the long-term stable connection between the lining plate 1 and the arch 5 and the support plate 7, and improve the reliability and service life of the support system. The snap or bolt connection method is suitable for lining plates 1 of various shapes and sizes, and has certain versatility and adaptability. No matter what style of lining plate 1, it can be fixed with the arch 5 and the support plate 7 by adjusting the connection method to meet different engineering requirements. The lining plate 1 using the snap or bolt connection method is relatively simple to maintain and replace. Once damaged or replaced, it is only necessary to remove the original buckle or bolt and then replace it. It is easy to operate and does not affect the overall stability of the support system. The inner lining plate 1 is provided with a through hole 2 corresponding to the expansion bolt 6, which is convenient for the inner lining plate 1 to fit closely on the arch 5 and the support plate 7. The setting of the through hole 2 enables the inner lining plate 1 to correspond to the position of the expansion bolt 6 and to fit more closely on the arch 5 and the support plate 7. This ensures good contact between the inner lining plate 1 and the support structure, prevents gaps or looseness during work, and thus improves the stability and safety of the support system. The setting of the through hole 2 can make the inner lining plate 1 more secure when connected to the expansion bolt 6. By passing the expansion bolt 6 through the through hole 2, the inner lining plate 1 can be effectively reinforced, not prone to falling off or displacement, and further enhances the stability of the support structure. The existence of the through hole 2 makes the installation of the inner lining plate 1 easier. During the installation process, the inner lining plate 1 can be tightly combined with the support structure by only passing the expansion bolt 6 through the through hole 2, saving installation time and labor costs. The arrangement of the through holes 2 can adapt to lining plates 1 of different sizes and shapes, and has certain flexibility and versatility.No matter what style of the lining plate 1 is, the position of the through hole 2 can be adjusted to achieve correspondence with the expansion bolt 6, thereby meeting the support requirements of different tunnels.

[0049] The anchor support for coal mine tunneling based on Example 1 is used:

[0050] Structural stability: The system uses a variety of support components, such as anchor rods 4, arches 5, expansion bolts 6 and support plates 7. Through the mutual cooperation and fixation of these components, a solid support structure is formed. The anchor rods 4 are fixed through threaded holes 8 set on the tunnel wall, and the expansion bolts 6 are fixed by expanding the arches 5 and the support plates 7, thereby firmly supporting the rock formation of the entire tunnel, effectively reducing the risk of rock formation collapse and tunnel instability.

[0051] Safety: The surface of the anchor rod 4 with anti-slip grooves increases the friction with the tunnel wall, effectively preventing the anchor rod 4 from loosening or sliding, and improving the safety of the entire support system. At the same time, the use of the lining plate 1 can also reduce the sharp or uneven objects inside the tunnel, reducing the possibility of worker injury.

[0052] Reliability: The expansion bolt 6 fixes the vault 5 and the support plate 7 by expansion, which has high reliability and stability. This design can ensure that the support system will not loosen or fall off during long-term use, thereby improving the service life and safety of the tunnel.

[0053] Easy to install: The components of the system are relatively simple in design and the installation process is also relatively simple. The anchor rod 4, expansion bolt 6 and support plate 7 are all connected by threaded holes 8, and can be fixed to the tunnel wall through simple operations. The installation of the lining plate 1 also adopts buckle or bolt connection, which is simple to operate and suitable for rapid construction.

[0054] Smooth surface: The lining plate 1 is laid on the inner surface of the arch 5 and the support plate 7, making the inner wall of the tunnel smoother. This design is not only beautiful, but also can reduce the cracks and bumps of the rock formation, and improve the safety and comfort of the tunnel.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and does not impose any form of limitation on the utility model. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the utility model as shown in the drawings of the specification and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the utility model using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the utility model. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the utility model are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. Anchor support for coal mine tunneling, characterized by: The invention comprises an anchor rod (4), an arch (5), an expansion bolt (6) and a support plate (7), wherein two support plates (7) are provided, and the two support plates (7) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tunnel, an arch (5) is mounted on the support plate (7), and the outer surfaces of the arch (5) and the support plate (7) are provided with an anchor rod (4), an expansion groove (3) is provided on the anchor rod (4), and the arch (5), the support plate (7) and the anchor rod (4) are provided with a threaded hole (8) inside, an expansion bolt (6) is installed in the anchor rod (4), and the anchor rods (4) of the arch (5) and the support plate (7) are supported and expanded by the expansion bolt (6), thereby fixing the arch (5) and the support plate (7) on the inner wall of the tunnel, and the inner surface of the arch (5) and the support plate (7) is paved with an inner lining plate (1).

2. The bolt support for coal mine tunneling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The inner lining plate (1) is provided with through holes (2) at positions corresponding to the expansion bolts (6), so as to facilitate the inner lining plate (1) to fit tightly onto the arch (5) and the support plate (7).

3. The bolt support for coal mine tunneling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The expansion groove (3) is cross-shaped, and the expansion groove (3) is located at one end of the anchor rod (4) away from the arch (5) and the support plate (7).

4. The bolt support for coal mine tunneling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer surface of the anchor rod (4) is provided with anti-skid grooves, and the anchor rod (4) increases the connection strength with the tunnel through the anti-skid grooves.

5. The bolt support for coal mine tunneling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The inner lining plate (1) is connected and fixed to the arch (5) and the support plate (7) by means of buckles or bolts.

Images