Starting device for power supply switching
By using a counter in the power start device to record the number of pulses and trigger the start when the threshold is reached, the problem of long power start time in the prior art is solved, faster power switching is achieved, power loss is reduced, and power loss of the power grid is improved. Safety and stability.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420053523.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-09
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-09
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the power supply start time is long, which leads to a large and long tide of the power grid combined ring, which increases the power loss of the power grid, which is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. It is mainly because the relay needs to be pressed after the relay is pressed during the processing of the optocoupler element. The power start can only be triggered when the pulse is large enough. At first, the pulse generated is small and cannot reach the pulse threshold for the power start in a short time.
Using a start device including a start relay switch, optocoupler element, counter and comparator, the number of pulses output by the optocoupler element is recorded through the counter, and the power supply start is triggered when the number of pulses reaches a certain threshold, avoiding waiting for a single pulse due to a small intensity. Long time.
It effectively shortens the power start time, reduces power loss, improves the speed of power switching and the safety and stability of the power grid.
Smart Images
Figure CN222234477U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of power supplies, and in particular to a starting device for power supply switching. Background Art
[0002] In the actual operation of the power system, it is necessary to complete the power switching work while ensuring that users do not lose power, and the power switching process can be decomposed into the shutdown of the first power supply and the startup of the second power supply. In the prior art, when the existing power supply equipment is used for switching, the startup process of the second power supply is slow, resulting in a large power grid loop current and a long time, and the required switching time is long, which increases the power loss of the power grid and is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of the power grid.
[0003] In the prior art, it takes a long time for the second power supply to start up, mainly because when an optocoupler element is used, after the relay is pressed, it is necessary to wait for the single pulse generated to be large enough to trigger the power supply to start up; and when the starting relay switch is pressed, the initial pulse generated is small and cannot reach the pulse threshold for power supply startup in a short time, thus resulting in a longer time for the power supply to start up.
[0004] Therefore, how to avoid the problem of long power startup time caused by low single pulse intensity has become a technical problem to be solved. Utility Model Content
[0005] The present application provides a starting device for power switching to solve the problem of long power starting time in the prior art.
[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a starting device for power switching, comprising:
[0007] Start relay switch, optocoupler, counter, comparator, and control element for power startup;
[0008] The optical coupling element is composed of a light emitting element and a light receiving element, wherein the light emitting element serves as the input end of the optical coupling element, and the light receiving element serves as the output end of the optical coupling element;
[0009] The start relay switch is connected to one end of the light emitting element via a wire;
[0010] The light receiving element is connected to the counter so that the pulse generated in the light receiving element is transmitted to the counter;
[0011] The counter is connected to the comparator, and is used to transmit the value output by the counter to the comparator as the input of the comparator;
[0012] The output terminal of the comparator is connected to the control element so that the control element controls the operation of power startup.
[0013] Preferably, the other end of the light emitting element is connected to the thyristor trigger chip;
[0014] The thyristor trigger chip is connected in series with the start relay switch and the light-emitting element, and is used to control the switch state of the start relay.
[0015] Preferably, the light receiving element is connected to a DC power supply, and the DC power supply directly provides the required voltage to the light receiving element.
[0016] Preferably, the thyristor trigger chip includes a control switch and a diode;
[0017] The bias direction of the control switch controls the start relay switch.
[0018] Preferably, the light receiving element is connected to the counter, including: the input end of the counter for recording the number of pulses output from the optical coupling element is connected to the light receiving element at the output end of the optical coupling element.
[0019] Preferably, a comparator for receiving the number of pulses recorded by the counter is connected to the counter via a first input terminal.
[0020] Preferably, there is a preset pulse reference value in the second input terminal of the comparator;
[0021] The comparator is connected to the control element, and is used for comparing the pulse reference value with the pulse quantity output by the counter, and outputting a comparison result between the pulse reference value and the pulse quantity recorded by the counter.
[0022] Preferably, the working state of the control switch is one of the two states of forward bias and reverse bias, including:
[0023] When the control switch is forward biased, the diode passes current and the start relay switch is in a pressed state;
[0024] When the control switch is reverse biased, the diode blocks the current and the start relay switch is in a non-pressed state.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:
[0026] The starting device for power switching provided by the present application includes: a starting relay switch for power starting, an optocoupler, a counter, a comparator, and a control element; the optocoupler is composed of a light-emitting element and a light-receiving element, wherein the light-emitting element serves as the input end of the optocoupler, and the light-receiving element serves as the output end of the optocoupler; the starting relay switch and one end of the light-emitting element are connected by a wire; the light-receiving element is connected to the counter so that the pulse generated in the light-receiving element is transmitted to the counter; the counter is connected to the comparator, and is used to use the value output by the counter as the input of the comparator and transmit it to the comparator; the output end of the comparator is connected to the control element so that the control element controls the operation of power starting.
[0027] The starting device for power switching provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a counter and a comparator at the output end of the optical coupling element. When the starting relay switch is pressed, the operator only needs to wait for a short time to complete the power startup, avoiding the problem of a long waiting time caused by the small initial pulse intensity when the starting relay switch is pressed, and improving the speed of power startup. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a starting device for power switching provided in the first embodiment of the present application;
[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a starting device for power switching provided in the second embodiment of the present application.
[0030] The reference numerals in the drawings are:
[0031] Comparator 101 ; counter 102 ; light receiving element 103 ; light emitting element 104 ; start relay switch 105 ; thyristor trigger chip 106 ; control switch 107 ; control element 108 ; optical coupler element 109 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the present application is described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from the following description. Therefore, based on the embodiments provided by the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the claims, description and drawings of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. The data used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including", "having" and their variants are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0034] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", "set" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0035] The present embodiment provides a starting device for power switching. The structure and working principle of the starting device for power switching of the present embodiment are described below using specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. The following is a detailed introduction to what is involved in the present application.
[0036] In the actual operation of the power system, it is necessary to complete the power switching work while ensuring that users do not lose power, and the power switching process can be decomposed into the shutdown of the first power supply and the startup of the second power supply. In the prior art, when the existing power supply equipment is used for switching, the startup process of the second power supply is slow, resulting in a large power grid loop current and a long time, and the required switching time is long, which increases the power loss of the power grid and is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of the power grid.
[0037] In the prior art, the second power supply takes a long time to start up, mainly because the use of an optocoupler element to process the relay when it is pressed requires waiting for the single pulse generated to be large enough to trigger the power supply to start; and the initial pulse generated when the starting relay switch is pressed is small and cannot reach the pulse threshold for power supply startup in a short time, resulting in a longer power supply startup time.
[0038] Therefore, how to avoid the problem of long power startup time caused by low single pulse intensity has become a technical problem to be solved.
[0039] The embodiments provided in this application are mainly used for starting a power supply, and can also be used for switching a power supply.
[0040] Normally, when starting the power supply, you need to press the mechanical switch to start the relay switch, and the relay contacts the contact point, generating a certain current. The pulse at this time is the current generated by the circuit conduction after the relay contacts the contact point, which can be regarded as an analog quantity. The contact between the relay and the contact point is not an instantaneous action, but the action when the mechanical switch is pressed will affect the contact area between the relay and the contact point, and then due to the size of the resistance, the pulse intensity is not stable.
[0041] In the current general technology, the entire starting device for power switching is often directly triggered based on the strength of the first single pulse after the relay switch is triggered. From the problem of unstable pulse strength mentioned in the above description, it can be inferred that the time when the pulse strength can reach the threshold value for starting the entire starting device for power switching is uncertain. In other words, because the pulse strength generated when the relay switch just contacts the contact point is unstable, it is uncertain when a single pulse can reach the strength to start the power supply device. Therefore, the time for the power supply device to start is also uncertain. It often takes a long time for the pulse that flows through to be sufficient to start the entire starting device for power switching, resulting in the power startup process taking too long.
[0042] Loop closing mainly refers to forming a ring network of all or part of the power grid through a series of switching operations. The last step of full switching operation is called loop closing. In practical applications, it can be understood that loop closing is to connect the 10KV power sources from two different substations by closing the high-voltage busbar switch.
[0043] The closing current refers to the current generated on the closing line during the closing operation. Because there will be impact, it will be larger than the normal power supply current. It is particularly important for the current protection of the line. If the protection setting value is not set reasonably, the switch will malfunction.
[0044] The above problem also often occurs in the technical field of power switching. When switching power, it is often necessary to ensure that users do not lose power. Therefore, when switching two incoming power lines on a single bus, if the two incoming lines are disconnected at the same time, it will cause a power outage for users. Therefore, it is necessary to close the second incoming line first, and then disconnect the first incoming line after confirming that the second incoming line is closed. Obviously, in this process, the two incoming lines will form a closed loop.
[0045] In this way, if the closed loop current is too large for a long time, it will increase the power loss of the power grid and may also cause the protection action switch to trip, which is not conducive to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Therefore, in the field of power switching, it is also urgent to shorten the existence time of the closed loop by quickly turning on the power supply.
[0046] The starting device for power switching provided by the embodiment of the present application adds a counter as a component for recording the number of pulses, so that the power startup condition does not need to wait for a long time for the first pulse of sufficient intensity to trigger the power startup, but the power startup can be triggered by the number of pulses reaching a certain threshold. The starting device for power switching provided by the embodiment of the present application effectively shortens the time of power startup and reduces power loss.
[0047] First embodiment
[0048] The starting device for power switching provided in the first embodiment of the present application is specifically as follows: Figure 1 As stated, Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a starting device for power switching including a counter provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the starting device for power switching includes: a starting relay switch 105 for power starting, an optical coupling element 109 , a counter 102 , a comparator 101 , and a control element 108 .
[0050] The optical coupling element 109 is composed of a light emitting element 104 and a light receiving element 103 , wherein the light emitting element 104 serves as an input end of the optical coupling element 109 , and the light receiving element 103 serves as an output end of the optical coupling element 109 .
[0051] Optocoupler components can be optocouplers, also known as optocouplers or photoelectric isolators, or optocouplers for short. It is a device that uses light as a medium to transmit electrical signals. Usually, the light-emitting element (which can be an infrared light-emitting diode LED) and the light-receiving element (which can be a photosensitive semiconductor tube) are encapsulated in the same tube shell. When an electrical signal is applied to the input end, the light emitter emits light, and the light receiver generates a photocurrent after receiving the light, which flows out from the output end, thereby realizing the "electric-light-electric" conversion. Optocouplers have a good isolation effect on input and output electrical signals, so they are widely used in various circuits. At present, it has become one of the most diverse and widely used optoelectronic devices.
[0052] Optocouplers are generally composed of three parts: light emission, light reception, and signal amplification. The input electrical signal drives the light-emitting diode to emit light of a certain wavelength, which is received by the photodetector to generate photocurrent, and then output after further amplification. This completes the conversion of electricity-light-electricity, thereby playing the role of input, output, and isolation. Since the input and output of the optocoupler are isolated from each other, and the electrical signal transmission has the characteristics of unidirectionality, it has good electrical insulation and anti-interference capabilities.
[0053] In the first embodiment, the optocoupler element generates an electrical signal after the start-up relay node is closed, which drives the light-emitting element to emit light of a certain wavelength, which is received by the light detector to generate a photocurrent, which is further amplified and then output. This makes the signal finally outputted from the output end of the optocoupler element an electrical signal.
[0054] The start relay switch 105 is connected to one end of the light emitting element 104 through a wire; the light receiving element 103 is connected to the input end of the counter 102 so that the pulse generated in the light receiving element 103 is transmitted to the counter 102.
[0055] Counting is the simplest and most basic operation. A counter is a logic circuit that implements this operation. In a digital system, a counter mainly counts the number of pulses to achieve the functions of measurement, counting and control, and also has a frequency division function. A counter is composed of a basic counting unit and some control gates, and the counting unit is composed of a series of various triggers with information storage functions. Counters are widely used in digital systems, such as counting instruction addresses in the controller of an electronic computer to sequentially fetch the next instruction, recording the number of additions and subtractions when performing multiplication and division operations in the operator, and counting pulses in digital instruments. Counters can be divided into synchronous counters and asynchronous counters according to whether the triggers flip at the same time; according to the counting system, they can be divided into binary counters, decimal counters, etc.
[0056] The above content is to more clearly and intuitively demonstrate the role of the counter in the embodiment of the present application. In the present application, there is no specific restriction on the type of the counter, and the purpose is that the counter can count the number of pulses.
[0057] The counter 102 is connected to the comparator 101, and is used to use the value output by the counter 102 as the input of the comparator 101 and transmit it to the comparator 101; the output end of the comparator 101 is connected to the control element 108, so that the control element 108 controls the starting device for power switching. In the figure, +5V represents a DC power supply, and the light receiving element 103 is connected to the DC power supply, and the DC power supply directly provides the required voltage to the light receiving element 103. The input end of the counter 102 for recording the number of pulses output from the optical coupling element is connected to the light receiving element at the output end of the optical coupling element 109; the comparator 101 for receiving the number of pulses recorded by the counter is connected to the counter 102 through the first input end.
[0058] Comparator, compares two or more data items to determine whether they are equal, or to determine the size relationship and arrangement order between them. The circuit or device that can perform this comparison function is called a comparator.
[0059] The comparator 101 is connected to the control element 108 and is used to compare the preset pulse reference value with the pulse quantity output by the counter 102 , and output a comparison result between the preset pulse reference value and the pulse quantity recorded by the counter 102 .
[0060] In the first embodiment of the present application, there is a preset pulse reference value at the second input terminal of the comparator; the reference value is based on the fact that after the user presses the start relay switch, the relay contacts the contact point to form an on-current. The user can set the pulse reference value according to the number of pulses emitted by the on-current or expert experience, or directly use the factory settings. The pulse is emitted through the relay and flows through the counter. Every time a pulse passes through the counter, the counting result of the counter will increase by one; at the same time, the counter is connected to the comparator, and the comparator will compare the counting result sent by the counter with the preset number of pulses in real time and synchronously. When the comparator finds that the counting result sent by the counter is greater than the preset number of pulses, that is, when the number of pulses flowing through the counter is greater than the preset number of pulses in the comparator, the result output by the counter will be transmitted to the control element, thereby controlling the start of the power supply.
[0061] The first embodiment of the present application provides the user with a hardware structure for converting the detection of pulse intensity into the detection of pulse quantity by adding a counter structure, and the user can compare the relevant pulse quantities by using a comparator, thereby achieving the effect of triggering the start-up device for power switching faster and more accurately.
[0062] Second embodiment
[0063] The second embodiment provided by the present application provides a starting device for power switching. Figure 2 , Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of a thyristor trigger chip connected to the circuit structure in the first embodiment.
[0064] The connection mode is that the other end of the light emitting element 104 is connected to the thyristor trigger chip 106; the thyristor trigger chip 106 is connected in series with the light emitting element 104 and the start relay switch 105, which can more accurately control the switch state of the start relay.
[0065] The thyristor trigger chip 106 usually includes a control switch 107 and a diode;
[0066] The bias direction of the control switch 107 is used to control the start relay switch 105 .
[0067] The working state of the control switch 107 is one of the two states of forward bias and reverse bias: the user can make the control switch 107 forward biased, that is, the control switch is placed on the right side and connected to the right contact point. At this time, the diode passes current and the starter relay switch 105 is in a pressed state; the user can make the control switch 107 reverse biased, that is, the control switch is placed on the left side and connected to the left contact point. At this time, the diode blocks the current and the starter relay 105 switch is in a non-pressed state.
[0068] When the user puts the control switch on the right side, the control switch is forward biased. At this time, current passes through the diode. When the start relay switch is in the pressed state, current passes through. The current can flow normally through the light-emitting element in the optocoupler element, and the electrical signal is converted into an optical signal through the light-emitting element. The optical signal is received by the light-receiving element in the optocoupler element, and then converted into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the counter. The counter counts the pulses generated by the current and sends the counting result to the comparator synchronously. The comparator compares the pulse counting result with the preset number of pulses, and then outputs the comparison result to control the start of the power supply through the control element.
[0069] When the user places the control switch on the left side, the control switch is reverse biased. At this time, the diode does not pass current. Even if the user presses the start relay switch, normal current cannot be emitted. Current will not flow normally through the optocoupler element and other components. At this time, the starting device for power switching is in an invalid state.
[0070] The second embodiment of the present application provides a control structure for a starting relay switch, which can independently control the starting relay switch through a thyristor trigger chip, which is equivalent to adding an additional switch structure to the starting relay switch, so that the starting relay switch has an extra layer of control. The starting relay switch cannot independently control the conduction and disconnection of the entire circuit. The double insurance setting improves the safety factor of the starting device used for power switching.
[0071] It should be noted that, although several structures, components or units for realizing related functions are mentioned in the above detailed description, such division is not mandatory. In fact, according to the specific implementation of the present application, the features and functions of two or more structures, components or units described above can be concretized in one structure, component or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one structure, component or unit described above can be further divided into multiple components, structures or units to be concretized.
[0072] In addition, although the components and the installation methods of the components or devices in the present application are described in a specific order in the drawings, this does not require or imply that the components or devices must be designed according to the specific components or the installation methods of the components, or that all the components shown must be included to achieve the desired results. Additionally or alternatively, some components can be omitted, multiple components can be combined into one component to achieve corresponding functions, and / or one component can be decomposed into multiple components to achieve corresponding functions, etc.
[0073] Although the present application is disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any technical personnel in this field may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be based on the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A starting device for power switching, characterized in that: include: Start relay switch, optocoupler, counter, comparator, and control element for power startup; The optical coupling element is composed of a light emitting element and a light receiving element, wherein the light emitting element serves as the input end of the optical coupling element, and the light receiving element serves as the output end of the optical coupling element; The start relay switch is connected to one end of the light emitting element via a wire; The light receiving element is connected to the counter so that the pulse generated in the light receiving element is transmitted to the counter; The output end of the counter is connected to the input end of the comparator, and is used to transmit the value output by the counter to the comparator as the input of the comparator; The output terminal of the comparator is connected to the control element, and the control element is connected to a controlled power supply.
2. The starting device for power switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes thyristor trigger chip: The other end of the light emitting element is connected to the thyristor trigger chip; The thyristor trigger chip is connected in series with the start relay switch and the light-emitting element, and is used to control the switch state of the start relay.
3. The starting device for power switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light receiving element is connected to a DC power supply, and comprises: The DC power supply directly provides the required voltage to the light receiving element.
4. The starting device for power switching according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thyristor chip comprises: a control switch and a diode; The bias direction of the control switch controls the start relay switch.
5. The starting device for power switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light receiving element is connected to the counter, and includes: The input end of the counter used for recording the number of pulses output from the optical coupling element is connected to the light receiving element at the output end of the optical coupling element.
6. The starting device for power switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the counter is connected to the input end of the comparator, comprising: A comparator for receiving the number of pulses recorded by the counter is connected to the counter via a first input terminal.
7. The starting device for power switching according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: A preset pulse reference value exists in the second input terminal of the comparator; The comparator is connected to the control element, and is used to compare the pulse reference value with the pulse quantity output by the counter, and output the comparison result between the pulse reference value and the pulse quantity recorded by the counter to trigger the control element.
8. The starting device for power switching according to claim 4, characterized in that: include: The working state of the control switch is one of the two states of forward bias and reverse bias, including: When the control switch is forward biased, the diode passes current and the start relay switch is in a pressed state; When the control switch is reverse biased, the diode blocks the current and the start relay switch is in a non-pressed state.