Electromagnetic coupling type variable barrier energy collection device
Through the electromagnetic coupled variable barrier energy harvesting device, the magnetic-elastic oscillator and piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling mechanism are used to dynamically adjust the barrier height, which solves the performance degradation problem of traditional vibration energy collectors under slight amplitude and random vibration excitation. It realizes efficient energy harvesting in wideband and low frequency environments.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323419163.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-12-15
AI Technical Summary
The traditional bistable vibration energy collector cannot break through the threshold under amplitude and random vibration excitation, resulting in performance degradation, and insufficient control ability for unknown vibrations, so it cannot dynamically adjust the response threshold, limiting its wideband and low-frequency vibration environments. energy harvesting efficiency.
The electromagnetic coupling variable barrier energy harvesting device is adopted to dynamically adjust the barrier height through the magnetic-elastic oscillator, combine with the piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling mechanism to enhance the energy conversion performance, and use the magnetic-spring system and the dual-crystal piezoelectric sheet to achieve energy harvesting. Wide the operating frequency band and increase the output voltage and power.
It realizes efficient energy harvesting in low frequency, broadband, and micro-amplitude vibration environments, improves the robustness and energy conversion performance of the system, and can generate higher output voltages and powers in lower excitation and wider frequency ranges.
Smart Images
Figure CN222234703U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of renewable energy devices, in particular to an electromagnetic coupling variable potential barrier energy collection device. Background Art
[0002] Energy is the lifeblood of the economy and an important material basis for human survival and development. New energy is now listed as one of the key basic technologies, and the development of new energy technologies has received great attention from the country. Traditional batteries have serious technical bottlenecks in terms of sustainability, maintenance and replacement, and environmental pollution. The energy captured from the environment is a clean, pollution-free, renewable green energy that is not restricted by geographical conditions and environmental factors. It can achieve self-powered power in harsh, dangerous and large-scale wireless sensor networks, structural health monitoring and wearable electronic devices, breaking the limitations of traditional energy.
[0003] Environmental energy exists in many forms, including light, heat, wind, electromagnetism and vibration. Among them, vibration energy is one of the most widely distributed forms of clean energy in nature. It exists in vehicles, electromechanical equipment, bridges, wind, rivers and seas, as well as in life activities such as limb movement and heartbeat. Environmental vibration energy is not affected by season, weather and location, and has a high energy density (about 50~100µW / cm3), which meets the power supply requirements of low-power circuits and sensors (µW~mW range). Vibration energy can be converted into electrical energy through piezoelectric, electromagnetic, electrostatic and triboelectric mechanisms. Vibration energy harvesting technology can provide an environmentally friendly, stable and sustainable wireless self-supplied energy for various wired / wireless application scenarios.
[0004] Vibration energy harvesting and conversion technology is still in its infancy. Traditional vibration energy harvesting technology based on linear resonance theory has good performance only near the resonant frequency. A slight deviation of the excitation frequency from the resonant frequency will cause the output voltage to drop sharply, and the effective output frequency band is very narrow. People have proposed many methods to improve the working frequency band and output power of vibration energy harvesters. Among them, bistable is an effective nonlinear technology. However, traditional bistable vibration energy harvesters have the characteristics of fixed potential barriers. Under the excitation of small amplitude and random vibrations, the system may still not be able to break through the threshold to achieve inter-well motion, resulting in a significant degradation of its performance; the response threshold of BNES cannot be dynamically adjusted, and its ability to control unknown vibrations also faces serious challenges.
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an electromagnetically coupled variable barrier energy harvesting device to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an electromagnetically coupled variable barrier energy harvesting device. On the one hand, the barrier height is dynamically adjusted by adding a magneto-elastic vibrator to broaden the working frequency band of the collector, thereby realizing efficient and robust energy collection from low-frequency, broadband, and micro-vibration environments; on the other hand, the piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling mechanism is utilized to further enhance the energy conversion performance of the system.
[0007] The utility model provides an electromagnetic coupling variable potential barrier energy collection device comprising:
[0008] A base, a piezoelectric beam support is vertically fixed to one side of the top surface of the base, a base beam is fixed to the top surface of the piezoelectric beam support, a bimorph piezoelectric sheet is pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of one end of the base beam connected to the piezoelectric beam support, a passive permanent magnet is fixed to the top of one end of the base beam away from the piezoelectric beam support, an active permanent magnet is arranged parallel to the other side of the passive permanent magnet, a driving shaft is fixed to the other end of the active permanent magnet, a support is arranged on the top surface of the base directly below the driving shaft, the driving shaft is slidably penetrated through the inner side of the top end of the support, and a spring is sleeved on one end of the driving shaft connected to the active permanent magnet.
[0009] Preferably, a linear bearing is fixed at the position where the support is connected to the driving shaft, and the driving shaft is located inside the linear bearing and slides back and forth. One end of the spring is fixed to the outer surface of the active permanent magnet, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the outer surface of the linear bearing. The function of the linear bearing is to reduce the friction when the shaft moves. The spring can be stretched and compressed. Under the combined action of the spring elastic force and the magnetic repulsion force, the active permanent magnet can move back and forth along the x-axis direction, dynamically changing the distance between the active permanent magnet and the passive permanent magnet.
[0010] Preferably, a copper coil coaxially mounted with the active permanent magnet is provided near the passive permanent magnet, and the active permanent magnet is slidably penetrated through the center of the copper coil. Since the active permanent magnet and the passive permanent magnet move relative to the copper coil, the magnetic flux in the coil changes, thereby generating an induced electromotive force in the coil, thereby achieving the purpose of collecting a portion of the vibration energy.
[0011] Preferably, a coil support is provided directly below the copper coil, the bottom of the coil support is vertically fixed to the top surface of the base, and the top of the coil support is fixed to the outer surface of the copper coil, so that the coil support can provide stable support for the copper coil.
[0012] Preferably, the base beam is made of stainless steel. The stainless steel material can provide the base beam with sufficient strength and various properties such as corrosion resistance, thereby improving the service life of the base beam.
[0013] Preferably, the passive permanent magnet and the active permanent magnet are neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) strong permanent magnets, and the residual magnetic induction intensity is as high as 1.45-1.48T.
[0014] Compared with the related art, the electromagnetic coupling variable barrier energy collection device provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0015] 1. The passive permanent magnet of the utility model magnetically repels the active permanent magnet and slides to one side, resulting in an increase in the distance between the active permanent magnet and the passive permanent magnet, forming a lower potential barrier, making it easier for the trap to move significantly with lower excitation and in a wider frequency range, generating higher output voltage and power. At the same time, when the base beam moves away from the active permanent magnet, the reverse movement of the active permanent magnet reduces the horizontal distance between the magnetic poles, accelerates the stiffness hardening process of the piezoelectric cantilever beam, and improves the potential energy obtained by the bistable system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic coupling variable potential barrier energy collection device provided by the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the passive permanent magnet in the motion state is shown.
[0018] Numbers in the figure: 1. base; 2. piezoelectric beam support; 3. bimorph piezoelectric plate; 4. base beam; 5. passive permanent magnet; 6. copper coil; 7. active permanent magnet; 8. spring; 9. drive shaft; 10. support; 11. linear bearing; 12. coil support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.
[0020] The specific implementation of the present utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0021] Please refer to the attached Figure 1-Figure 2 The present utility model provides an electromagnetically coupled variable potential barrier energy harvesting device, the electromagnetically coupled variable potential barrier energy harvesting device comprising:
[0022] A base 1, a vertical piezoelectric beam support 2 is fixed on one side of the top surface of the base 1 for supporting the upper structure, a vertically connected base beam 4 is vertically fixed on the top surface of the piezoelectric beam support 2, a bimorph piezoelectric sheet 3 is pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of one side of the base beam 4 connected to the piezoelectric beam support 2, a passive permanent magnet 5 is coaxially fixed to the other end of the base beam 4, an active permanent magnet 7 is coaxially arranged on one side of the passive permanent magnet 5, a support 10 is vertically fixed on the side of the top surface of the base 1 away from the piezoelectric beam support 2, a linear bearing 11 is fixed on the top of the support 10, the center of the linear bearing 11 is coaxially corresponding to the center of the passive permanent magnet 5, a driving shaft 9 is passed through the inside of the linear bearing 11, one end of the driving shaft 9 is fixed to the outer surface of the active permanent magnet 7, a spring 8 is fitted on the side of the driving shaft 9 connected to the active permanent magnet 7, and the two ends of the spring 8 are respectively fixed to the outer wall of the active permanent magnet 7 and the end of the linear bearing 11.
[0023] A copper coil 6 is coaxially mounted between the active permanent magnet 7 and the passive permanent magnet 5 . The copper coil 6 is fixedly mounted in a coil support 12 .
[0024] Since the active permanent magnet 7 and the passive permanent magnet 5 move relative to the copper coil 6, the magnetic flux in the coil changes, thereby generating an induced electromotive force in the coil, thereby achieving the purpose of collecting a part of the vibration energy.
[0025] Working process: The active permanent magnet 7 and the passive permanent magnet 5 are coaxially installed face to face with the same polarity. The magnetic repulsion between them pushes the cantilever end of the base beam 4 to deviate to both sides in the y direction. When the magnetic repulsion and the elastic force of the piezoelectric cantilever beam reach equilibrium, a stable equilibrium position is formed. Since the piezoelectric cantilever beam can be deflected in the positive and negative directions, two stable equilibrium positions can be formed, so it is called a bistable piezoelectric beam.
[0026] By adjusting the initial distance between the active permanent magnet 7 and the passive permanent magnet 5 , the static barrier height of the piezoelectric-electromagnetic coupling variable barrier bistable vibration energy harvesting device can be set.
[0027] One end of the active permanent magnet 7 is fixedly connected to the driving shaft 9, and the driving shaft 9 can reciprocate along the x-axis direction in the linear bearing 11. The function of the linear bearing 11 is to reduce the friction when the shaft moves. In addition, the end of the permanent magnet is fixedly connected to one end of the spring 8, and the other end of the spring 8 is fixed to the end of the linear bearing 11. The spring 8 can be stretched and compressed. Under the combined action of the elastic force of the spring 8 and the magnetic repulsion force, the permanent magnet can reciprocate along the x-axis direction, dynamically changing the distance between the permanent magnets, thereby dynamically adjusting the potential energy barrier of the piezoelectric cantilever beam at the unstable equilibrium position, thereby generating a variable potential barrier effect.
[0028] In detail, when the passive permanent magnet 5 approaches its trivial equilibrium position at y=0, the magnetic repulsion drives the permanent magnet outward from its equilibrium point, causing the horizontal distance between the magnetic poles to increase, and the piezoelectric cantilever forms a lower potential barrier, which is easier to cause large inter-well motion at lower excitation and in a wider frequency range than the bistable configuration with a fixed potential barrier, thereby generating higher output voltage and power.
[0029] On the contrary, when the piezoelectric cantilever beam moves away from its ordinary equilibrium position, the reverse motion of the active permanent magnet 7 reduces the horizontal distance between the magnetic poles and accelerates the stiffness hardening process of the piezoelectric cantilever beam, so that the bistable system obtains higher potential energy.
[0030] The mechanism by which the bimorph piezoelectric piece 3 realizes vibration energy collection is that when the cantilever beam reciprocates, the alternating stress at its root causes polarization to form on the upper and lower surfaces of the bimorph piezoelectric piece 3, namely, the piezoelectric effect.
[0031] The piezoelectric module adopts imported high energy density piezoelectric fiber composite material (MFC), d31 working mode, strain coefficient: -171×10-12C / N, and electromechanical coupling coefficient up to 0.40.
[0032] The polarized charges on the upper and lower surfaces can be connected to an external load through wires to form a polarized current, thereby achieving the purpose of vibration energy collection.
[0033] The circuits and controls involved in the present invention are all prior art and will not be described in detail here.
[0034] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An electromagnetically coupled variable barrier energy harvesting device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), wherein a piezoelectric beam support (2) is vertically fixed on one side of the top surface of the base (1), a base beam (4) is fixed on the top surface of the piezoelectric beam support (2), a bimorph piezoelectric sheet (3) is pasted on the upper and lower surfaces of one end of the base beam (4) connected to the piezoelectric beam support (2), a passive permanent magnet (5) is fixed on the top of one end of the base beam (4) away from the piezoelectric beam support (2), an active permanent magnet (7) is arranged parallel to the other side of the passive permanent magnet (5), a driving shaft (9) is fixed on the other end of the active permanent magnet (7), a support (10) is arranged on the top surface of the base (1) directly below the driving shaft (9), the driving shaft (9) is slidably arranged inside the top end of the support (10), and a spring (8) is sleeved on one end of the driving shaft (9) connected to the active permanent magnet (7).
2. The electromagnetically coupled variable barrier energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linear bearing (11) is fixed at the position where the support (10) is connected to the drive shaft (9); the drive shaft (9) is located inside the linear bearing (11) and slides back and forth; one end of the spring (8) is fixed to the outer surface of the active permanent magnet (7); and the other end of the spring (8) is fixed to the outer surface of the linear bearing (11).
3. The electromagnetically coupled variable barrier energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A copper coil (6) coaxially mounted with the active permanent magnet (7) is provided at a position of the active permanent magnet (7) close to the passive permanent magnet (5), and the active permanent magnet (7) is slidably arranged at the center of the copper coil (6).
4. The electromagnetically coupled variable barrier energy harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A coil support (12) is provided directly below the copper coil (6); the bottom of the coil support (12) is vertically fixed to the top surface of the base (1); and the top of the coil support (12) is fixed to the outer surface of the copper coil (6).
5. The electromagnetically coupled variable barrier energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base beam (4) is made of stainless steel.
6. The electromagnetically coupled variable barrier energy harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive permanent magnet (5) and the active permanent magnet (7) are NdFeB strong permanent magnets, and the residual magnetic induction intensity is as high as 1.45-1.48T.