Improved tube shell-cooling tube composite methanol synthesis reactor
By setting up discharge ports and hollow baffles in the improved shell-cooled tube composite methanol synthesis reactor, the problem of inconvenience in catalyst removal is solved, maintenance efficiency is improved, maintenance costs are reduced, and maintenance costs are reduced, and better economy is created Benefit conditions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420999452.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-10
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing shell-cooled tube composite methanol synthesis reactors have inconvenience when removing catalysts, which affects maintenance efficiency and increases maintenance costs.
An improved shell-cool tube composite methanol synthesis reactor was designed. The catalyst removal process is simplified by setting a discharge port at the lower seal head and a hollow baffle at the lower end of the reaction tube to prevent the catalyst from leaking out.
It greatly facilitates the catalyst removal operation, improves maintenance efficiency and reduces maintenance costs, creating favorable conditions for improving economic benefits.
Smart Images
Figure CN222240185U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a chemical device, in particular to a methanol synthesis reactor, specifically to an improved tube shell-cold tube composite methanol synthesis reactor. Background Art
[0002] In the chemical industry, methanol, as an important chemical raw material, has a wide range of application value and plays an important role in the fields of medicine, organic synthesis, coatings, etc. Synthetic methanol has become an important industry in the chemical industry due to its low production cost and wide range of uses. Its working principle is to generate methanol by synthesizing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen under high pressure and low temperature conditions.
[0003] In 1984, Mitsubishi successfully developed a shell-and-tube-cooling composite methanol synthesis reactor. Figure 1 As shown, the reactor is provided with an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, respectively, and a partition is provided between the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet. Then, the upper and lower ends of the outer tube are connected to the upper tube sheet and the partition, respectively, and the catalyst is filled therein. Then, the inner tube is placed in the outer tube, and its upper end extends out of the outer tube, and its lower end is connected to the lower tube sheet. During production, the raw gas passes through the inner tube from bottom to top, and then passes through the outer tube from top to bottom. After reacting with the catalyst in the outer tube, it flows out of the cylinder from between the partition and the lower tube sheet, so that the raw gas can exchange heat with the reaction heat of the catalyst to increase the temperature, and the reaction heat generated in the outer tube can be taken away by the heat exchange medium in the cylinder.
[0004] The above-mentioned shell-tube-cold tube composite methanol synthesis reactor has the advantages of high conversion rate, better control of reaction temperature, lower bed pressure drop, high potential heat recovery and low energy consumption. However, the reactor often adopts the following two methods when unloading the catalyst: one is to unload it horizontally between the lower tube plate and the partition plate, and the other is to extract the catalyst at the upper tube plate. Both of these catalyst unloading methods are very inconvenient, affecting the maintenance efficiency and increasing the maintenance cost.
[0005] Therefore, it is urgently needed to be improved in order to better meet production needs. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an improved shell and tube-cold tube composite methanol synthesis reactor in view of the deficiencies in the prior art, so as to effectively solve the problem of inconvenient catalyst loading and unloading, improve the maintenance efficiency of the reactor, reduce maintenance costs, and create favorable conditions for improving economic benefits.
[0007] The technical solution of the utility model is:
[0008] An improved shell-tube-cold tube composite methanol synthesis reactor comprises a cylinder, which is a vertical cylinder with both ends open, and an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder; a partition is arranged between the upper and lower tube sheets to separate the interior of the cylinder into a heat exchange chamber and an air intake chamber which are respectively closed; the heat exchange chamber is located above the air intake chamber; a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet are arranged on the side wall of the heat exchange chamber; a reaction gas inlet is arranged on the side wall of the air intake chamber; an upper head and a lower head are also included; the The upper head and the lower head are both dome-shaped shells, and are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder; the upper head is provided with a filling port; the lower head is provided with a reaction gas outlet and a discharge port; it also includes a reaction tube, which is arranged in the cylinder and sealedly installed on the partition, its upper end is connected to the upper tube plate, its lower end is connected to the lower tube plate, and a catalyst is arranged inside; it also includes a heat exchange tube, which is arranged in the heat exchange cavity, its upper end is connected to the upper tube plate, and its lower end is connected to the partition.
[0009] Furthermore, the height of the heat exchange cavity is greater than the height of the air inlet cavity.
[0010] Furthermore, the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet are respectively located at the lower end and the upper end of the heat exchange cavity.
[0011] Furthermore, there are multiple reaction tubes and heat exchange tubes, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the cylinder.
[0012] Furthermore, the reaction tube and the heat exchange tube are both straight tubes with the same or different diameters.
[0013] Furthermore, the ratio of the number of the heat exchange tubes to the number of the reaction tubes is 1:10-20.
[0014] Furthermore, a hollow baffle is provided at the lower end of the reaction tube to prevent the catalyst from leaking out.
[0015] Furthermore, the filling port and the discharge port are both centrally arranged; and the reaction gas outlet is located on the side of the lower head.
[0016] Beneficial effects of the utility model:
[0017] The utility model has reasonable design, simple structure and is easy to use. The catalyst to be unloaded can be directly unloaded through the unloading port on the lower head, which greatly facilitates operation, improves maintenance efficiency, reduces maintenance costs and creates favorable conditions for improving economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the prior art.
[0019] Figure 2 A schematic longitudinal section view of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0021] Among them: 1-upper head; 2-upper tube sheet; 3-cylinder; 4-heat exchange tube; 5-reaction tube; 6-heat exchange medium inlet; 7-reaction gas inlet; 8-reaction gas outlet; 9-discharging port; 10-lower head; 11-lower tube sheet; 12-partition; 13-heat exchange medium outlet; 14-filling port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0023] like Figure 2 and 3 shown.
[0024] The utility model discloses an improved shell-tube-cold tube composite methanol synthesis reactor, which comprises a cylinder 3, a reaction tube 5, a heat exchange tube 4 and the like.
[0025] The cylinder body 3 is a vertical cylinder with both ends open, and its upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the upper head 1 and the lower head 10 to form a closed structure.
[0026] The upper end cap 1 and the lower end cap 10 are both dome-shaped, with the opening facing the inside of the cylinder 3, which is convenient for gas convergence. A filling port 14 is provided in the center of the upper end cap 1 to facilitate loading of catalyst. A discharge port 9 is provided in the center of the lower end cap 10 to facilitate unloading of the catalyst. A reaction gas outlet 8 is also provided on the side of the lower end cap 10.
[0027] The upper and lower ends of the cylinder 3 are respectively provided with an upper tube sheet 2 and a lower tube sheet 11, and a partition 12 is provided between the upper and lower tube sheets to separate the interior of the cylinder into a heat exchange chamber and an air intake chamber, which are respectively closed. Moreover, the heat exchange chamber is located above the air intake chamber. Preferably, the height of the heat exchange chamber is greater than the height of the air intake chamber, so as to facilitate sufficient heat exchange.
[0028] The upper and lower ends of the side wall of the heat exchange chamber are respectively provided with a heat exchange medium outlet 13 and a heat exchange medium inlet 6, so that the heat exchange medium can flow through the heat exchange chamber from bottom to top to achieve sufficient heat exchange. The heat exchange medium is saturated water, and flows out in the form of steam + water after heat exchange.
[0029] A reaction gas inlet 7 is provided on the side wall of the air inlet cavity to facilitate the reaction gas to flow in and be dispersed in the air inlet cavity.
[0030] The reaction tube 5 is a long straight tube, which is arranged in the cylinder body 3 along the axial direction and is sealed and installed on the partition plate 12. Its upper end is connected to the upper tube plate 2, and its lower end is connected to the lower tube plate 11. A catalyst is arranged inside the reaction tube 5, so that the reaction gas can flow through it and react with the catalyst. At the same time, a hollow baffle made of a metal mesh is arranged at the lower end of the reaction tube 5 to prevent the catalyst from leaking out and ensure the passage of gas.
[0031] The heat exchange tube 4 is a long straight tube, which is arranged in the heat exchange cavity along the axial direction of the cylinder 3 , with its upper end connected to the upper tube plate 2 and its lower end connected to the partition 12 .
[0032] The reaction tube 5 and the heat exchange tube 4 are both multiple, and the ratio of the number of the heat exchange tube to the reaction tube is 1:10 to 20. At the same time, the reaction tube 5 and the heat exchange tube 4 are evenly distributed around the central axis of the cylinder 3, which is conducive to balanced heat exchange. Preferably, the diameters of the reaction tube 5 and the heat exchange tube 4 are the same, or different, so as to meet design and production requirements.
[0033] The working process of the utility model is:
[0034] First, the catalyst is loaded through the filling port and the catalyst is loaded into the reaction tube.
[0035] Then, the reaction gas is introduced into the air inlet through the reaction gas inlet, and after being dispersed, it flows upward to the upper head through the heat exchange tube. After secondary diffusion inside the upper head, it flows into the reaction tube, reacts with the catalyst, and flows into the lower head. Finally, it flows out from the reaction gas outlet.
[0036] At the same time, saturated water is introduced into the heat exchange cavity of the cylinder from the heat exchange medium inlet, and flows through the heat exchange cavity from bottom to top and then flows out from the heat exchange medium outlet. During this period, heat can be exchanged with the heat exchange tube and the reaction tube at the same time, so that the temperature of the reaction gas flowing through the heat exchange tube increases, and the reaction heat generated in the reaction tube can be taken away, which not only improves the reaction efficiency, but also prolongs the service life of the catalyst.
[0037] During overhaul and maintenance, the discharge port can be opened and the baffle at the lower end of the reaction tube can be removed, so that the catalyst falls directly into the lower head and is then discharged from the discharge port. This greatly facilitates operation, improves overhaul efficiency, and reduces maintenance costs, creating favorable conditions for improving economic benefits.
[0038] The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by using the prior art.
Claims
1. An improved shell-tube-cooling tube composite methanol synthesis reactor, comprising a cylinder, characterized in that: The cylinder is a vertical cylinder with both ends open, and an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends thereof; a partition is provided between the upper and lower tube sheets to separate the interior of the cylinder into a heat exchange chamber and an air intake chamber which are respectively closed; the heat exchange chamber is located above the air intake chamber; a heat exchange medium inlet and a heat exchange medium outlet are provided on the side wall of the heat exchange chamber; a reaction gas inlet is provided on the side wall of the air intake chamber; It also includes an upper head and a lower head; the upper head and the lower head are both dome-shaped and connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder respectively; the upper head is provided with a filling port; the lower head is provided with a reaction gas outlet and a discharge port; It also includes a reaction tube, which is arranged in the cylinder and is sealed and installed on the partition, the upper end of which is connected to the upper tube plate, the lower end of which is connected to the lower tube plate, and the catalyst is arranged inside the reaction tube; It also includes a heat exchange tube, which is arranged in the heat exchange cavity, the upper end of which is connected to the upper tube plate, and the lower end of which is connected to the partition.
2. The improved shell-tube-cooling tube composite methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height of the heat exchange cavity is greater than the height of the air inlet cavity.
3. The improved shell-tube-cooling tube composite methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet are respectively located at the lower end and the upper end of the heat exchange cavity.
4. The improved shell-tube-cooling tube composite methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are multiple reaction tubes and heat exchange tubes, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the cylinder.
5. The improved shell-tube-cooling tube composite methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reaction tube and the heat exchange tube are both straight tubes with the same or different diameters.
6. The improved shell-tube-cooling tube composite methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ratio of the number of the heat exchange tubes to the number of the reaction tubes is 1:10-20.
7. The improved shell-tube-cooling tube composite methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A hollow baffle is provided at the lower end of the reaction tube to prevent the catalyst from leaking out.
8. The improved shell-tube-cooling tube composite methanol synthesis reactor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling port and the discharge port are both centrally arranged; the reaction gas outlet is located on the side of the lower head.