High-temperature coal gas ultrafiltration dust remover for gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model provides a gasification furnace high-temperature coal gas ultrafiltration dust remover which comprises a rotational flow shell with a rotational flow channel, and a gas inlet communicated with the rotational flow channel is formed in the side face of the rotational flow shell. A barrel is arranged in the rotational flow shell, an extension part is arranged at the upper end of the barrel and penetrates out of the rotational flow shell, a gas outlet is formed in the upper end of the extension part, and an ultrafiltration metal filter element is arranged in the barrel; the rotational flow channel is of an inward and downward spiral structure. The ultra-filtration metal filter element adopted by the utility model can be used for ultra-filtration separation at high temperature, and is high-temperature-resistant and non-deformable; the cyclone channel of the airflow is in a gradually downward spiral state, namely, the cyclone channel is of a spiral structure and extends downwards, so that pulverized coal and gas can be separated more easily.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of dust collectors, in particular to a high-temperature coal gas ultrafiltration dust collector for a gasifier. Background Art

[0002] At present, low-pressure gasification furnaces in the coal chemical industry have cyclone dust removal and bag dust removal, but the effect is not ideal. The dust removal efficiency of the cyclone dust collector itself is 60-80%, and it is difficult to remove fine particles, which makes the dust removal effect of the cyclone dust collector poor. The water gas at the outlet of the dust collector contains more coal powder, resulting in more coal powder in the gas condensate. The condensate contains high ammonia nitrogen, high COD and other phenolic substances. If the coal powder is too high, it will not only block the subsequent heat exchanger, but also cause the proportion of activated sludge in water treatment to be unbalanced, and it is difficult to treat it as qualified. The bag dust collector can remove fine particles, but it is not resistant to high temperature (generally below 230℃). Excessive temperature will cause damage to the bag; in addition, the gas contains tar and other substances. After the bag dust collector is placed in the waste heat boiler (heat exchanger), the coal tar and coal powder inside are combined and stick to the bag, which is very easy to block, causing excessive pressure difference and damage to the keel and filter bag, and frequent parking for replacement.

[0003] In addition, there are ceramic filtering devices, which are resistant to high temperatures and erosion but are very easy to break and cause damage. They have a short operating cycle and are not suitable for the long-term operation requirements of coal chemical industry.

[0004] The Chinese invention application with the publication date of 2012.04.11 and the publication number of CN 102407058 A discloses a high-efficiency spiral dust collector, which contains a shell, the shell is composed of an upper cylindrical pipe section and a lower conical pipe section, the upper end of the cylindrical pipe section is provided with an end cover, an exhaust pipe is provided through the center of the end cover, the lower end of the conical pipe section is provided with a connecting flange, the pipe wall of the cylindrical pipe section is provided with an air inlet pipe, the lower end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the upper end of a cylindrical filter screen, the inner cavity of the cylindrical filter screen is provided with a spiral spring skeleton, and the outer edge of the spiral spring skeleton is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical filter screen. The lower end of the exhaust pipe and the upper end of the cylindrical filter screen are movably connected together by bolts or clips. However, this application is used for high-temperature coal gas in a gasifier, and cannot solve the problem of excessive dust in water gas entering the heat exchanger. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the utility model proposes a gasifier high temperature coal gas ultrafiltration dust collector, which is used to solve the problems that the coal powder content in the gas after treatment by the dust removal facilities in the prior art is relatively large, which is very easy to block the waste heat boiler and heat exchanger of the gasifier auxiliary equipment.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows:

[0007] A high-temperature coal gas ultrafiltration dust collector for a gasifier comprises a cyclone shell with a cyclone channel, a gas inlet communicating with the cyclone channel being arranged on the side of the cyclone shell; a cylinder is arranged inside the cyclone shell, an extension portion is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body to pass through the cyclone shell, a gas outlet is arranged at the upper end of the extension portion, and an ultrafiltration metal filter element is arranged inside the cylinder body; the cyclone channel is in the form of an inward and downward spiral structure.

[0008] Furthermore, a lower orifice plate is provided at the lower end of the cylinder, an upper orifice plate is provided at the upper end of the cylinder, and the ultrafiltration metal filter element is arranged between the lower orifice plate and the upper orifice plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the holes of the lower orifice plate correspond one-to-one with the holes of the upper orifice plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of ultrafiltration metal filter elements are evenly distributed in the cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the ultrafiltration metal filter elements is arranged between the holes of the lower orifice plate and the holes of the upper orifice plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a backflush pipe communicating with the holes on the upper orifice plate is provided in the cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, a wear-resistant swirl plate is provided on the outer side of the cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the wear-resistant swirl plate comprises an upper swirl plate and a lower swirl plate, and the upper swirl plate and the lower swirl plate are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the cylinder.

[0015] Furthermore, a conical coal powder bin is connected to the lower end of the cyclone shell.

[0016] Furthermore, the cylinder is a super wear-resistant cylinder.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0018] 1. The utility model performs ultrafiltration separation at high temperature. The ultrafiltration metal filter element used is made of heat-resistant composite steel such as chromium and tungsten alloy, which is resistant to high temperature and does not deform. The wire mesh is inclined at an angle of 60 degrees, which makes it easier to blow away the coal powder in the back-blowing stage;

[0019] 2. The airflow channel of the utility model is in a spiral downward state, which makes it easier to separate the coal powder and gas, and then enter the precision metal filter to make the filtration accuracy below 8μm;

[0020] 3. The inner lining of the channel of the utility model is a steel-based cast ceramic lining plate, which is more resistant to erosion;

[0021] 4. The soot blowing system of the utility model is sonic soot blowing, which emits sonic waves while the airflow is backblowing, vibrating the coal powder outside the ultrafiltration metal filter element, making the dust fall off more easily. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the utility model.

[0025] In the figure: 1. wear-resistant cyclone plate, 2. lower orifice plate, 3. cylinder, 4. ultrafiltration metal filter element, 5. upper orifice plate, 6. backflush pipe, 7. cyclone shell, 8. pulverized coal bin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a high-temperature coal gas ultrafiltration dust collector for a gasifier described in Example 1 of the utility model includes a cyclone shell 7 with a cyclone channel, a gas inlet communicating with the cyclone channel is provided on the side of the cyclone shell 7, and a conical coal powder bin 8 is connected to the lower end of the cyclone shell 7. A cylinder 3 is provided in the cyclone shell 7, and an extension portion is provided at the upper end of the cylinder 3 to pass through the cyclone shell 7, and a gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the extension portion. An ultrafiltration metal filter element 4 is provided inside the cylinder 3 located inside the cyclone shell 7. In this embodiment, the ultrafiltration metal filter element is made of heat-resistant composite steel such as chromium and tungsten alloy, which is resistant to high temperature and does not deform. The cyclone channel of the airflow is in a state of gradually spiraling inward and downward, that is, the cyclone channel has a spiral structure and extends inward and downward at the same time, which makes it easier to separate coal powder and gas.

[0028] Furthermore, a lower orifice plate 2 is provided at the lower end of the cylinder 3 , an upper orifice plate 5 is provided at the upper end of the cylinder 3 located inside the cyclone housing 7 , and the ultrafiltration metal filter element 4 is arranged between the lower orifice plate 2 and the upper orifice plate 5 .

[0029] Furthermore, the holes of the lower orifice plate 2 correspond to and are aligned with the holes of the upper orifice plate 5 .

[0030] Furthermore, a plurality of ultrafiltration metal filter elements 4 are evenly distributed in the cylinder 3 .

[0031] Furthermore, each of the ultrafiltration metal filter elements 4 is disposed between the holes of the lower orifice plate 2 and the holes of the upper orifice plate 5 , and the upper and lower ends of the ultrafiltration metal filter element 4 are connected to the holes of the upper orifice plate 5 and the holes of the lower orifice plate 2 , respectively.

[0032] Embodiment 2 is different from Embodiment 1 in that, in this embodiment, the wire mesh of the ultrafiltration metal filter element is inclined upward at an angle of 60 degrees, so that the coal powder can be blown away more easily during the back-blowing stage. In other embodiments, the wire mesh of the ultrafiltration metal filter element can also be at other angles.

[0033] Embodiment 3 is different from Embodiment 1 in that the swirl channel lining is a steel-based fused-cast ceramic lining plate, which is more resistant to erosion.

[0034] Embodiment 4 is different from Embodiment 1 in that a backflush pipe 6 communicating with the holes on the upper orifice plate 5 is provided in the cylinder 3. Specifically, a backflush pipe 6 is provided above the upper orifice plate 5, and the backflush pipe 6 communicates with the holes on the upper orifice plate 5 through a plurality of branch pipes.

[0035] In addition, a sonic airflow is fed into the back-blowing pipe 6, and while the airflow is back-blowing, sonic waves are emitted to vibrate the coal powder outside the ultrafiltration metal filter element 4, causing it to fall off. In this embodiment, a sonic soot blower is connected to the back-blowing pipe 6. In other embodiments, the sonic airflow can be generated by other methods in the prior art.

[0036] Embodiment 5 is different from Embodiment 1 in that Figure 1 As shown, a wear-resistant swirl plate 1 is provided on the outer side of the cylinder 3 .

[0037] Furthermore, the wear-resistant swirl plate 1 includes an upper swirl plate and a lower swirl plate, and the upper swirl plate and the lower swirl plate are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the cylinder 3.

[0038] Embodiment 6 is different from Embodiment 1 in that the cylinder 3 is a super wear-resistant cylinder.

[0039] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0040] The high-temperature (500-1000℃) water gas from the gasifier containing a certain amount of coal powder first enters the gas cyclone channel in the middle of the wear-resistant dust collector. The gas is in a cyclone state. Under the action of centrifugal force, large particles and coal powder dust are separated here and fall into the coal powder bin 8 below under the action of natural gravity; the purified gas enters the ultrafiltration metal filter element 4 from bottom to top. The ultrafiltration metal filter element adopts wear-resistant and high-temperature resistant metal wire. The gas is purified after passing through the ultrafiltration metal filter element. When the pressure difference of the ultrafiltration metal filter element 4 is too large, a higher pressure gas is used for backblowing, and the dust blown off falls into the coal powder bin 8 below. The coal powder in the coal powder bin 8 is sent to the coal powder warehouse by the ash conveying system.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasifier high temperature coal gas ultrafiltration dust collector, characterized by: The invention comprises a cyclone housing (7) having a cyclone channel, wherein a gas inlet communicating with the cyclone channel is provided on a side of the cyclone housing (7); a cylinder (3) is provided inside the cyclone housing (7); an extension portion is provided at the upper end of the cylinder (3) and passes through the cyclone housing (7); a gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the extension portion; an ultrafiltration metal filter element (4) is provided inside the cylinder (3); and the cyclone channel is in the form of an inwardly and downwardly spiral structure.

2. The ultrafiltration dust collector for high temperature coal gas of a gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the cylinder (3) is provided with a lower orifice plate (2), the upper end of the cylinder (3) is provided with an upper orifice plate (5), and the ultrafiltration metal filter element (4) is arranged between the lower orifice plate (2) and the upper orifice plate (5).

3. The ultrafiltration dust collector for high temperature coal gas of gasifier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The holes of the lower orifice plate (2) correspond one to one with the holes of the upper orifice plate (5).

4. The ultrafiltration dust collector for high temperature coal gas of a gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of ultrafiltration metal filter elements (4) are evenly distributed in the cylinder (3).

5. The ultrafiltration dust collector for high temperature coal gas of a gasifier according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the ultrafiltration metal filter elements (4) is arranged between the holes of the lower orifice plate (2) and the holes of the upper orifice plate (5).

6. The ultrafiltration dust collector for high temperature coal gas in a gasifier according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: A backflush pipe (6) communicating with the holes on the upper orifice plate (5) is provided in the cylinder (3).

7. The ultrafiltration dust collector for high temperature coal gas in a gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A wear-resistant swirl plate (1) is provided on the outside of the cylinder (3).

8. The ultrafiltration dust collector for high temperature coal gas of a gasifier according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wear-resistant swirl plate (1) comprises an upper swirl plate and a lower swirl plate, and the upper swirl plate and the lower swirl plate are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the cylinder (3).

9. The ultrafiltration dust collector for high temperature coal gas in a gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or 8, characterized in that: The lower end of the cyclone housing (7) is connected to a conical coal powder bin (8).

10. The ultrafiltration dust collector for high temperature coal gas in a gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or 8, characterized in that: The cylinder (3) is a super wear-resistant cylinder.

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