PCB hole site precision detection machine
By using X-direction, Y-direction, Z-direction modules to drive the camera and displacement sensors in the PCB hole position accuracy detector, combined with light source and hood closure technology, the problem of difficulty in detecting the failure of blind holes and poor imaging quality in traditional detection is solved. , realizes high-precision hole position detection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421183942.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-27
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-27
AI Technical Summary
It is difficult to detect unpunched blind holes in traditional PCB plate hole position detection. Due to the lens depth of field, the imaging quality is poor, resulting in low detection accuracy, especially when the surface is uneven.
A PCB hole position accuracy detector is designed, using X-direction, Y-direction, and Z-direction modules to drive the camera to move on the workbench, combining the displacement sensor and light source to achieve clear imaging and accurate detection of the PCB board, and reduce hood closure. External interference.
It improves the detection accuracy of the PCB plate hole position, reduces external interference, improves imaging quality, and ensures the accuracy and stability of detection.
Smart Images
Figure CN222258131U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of visual inspection technology, and in particular to a PCB hole position accuracy inspection machine. Background Art
[0002] PCB (Printed Circuit Board) is an indispensable and important electronic device that supports and interconnects electronic components. There are many factors that affect the accuracy of PCB hole positions, among which spindle runout, machine tool positioning accuracy, cover plate and pad material, tools, process parameters, etc. have a great impact. With the rapid development of the PCB industry, higher requirements are also put forward for the precision detection of PCB board holes.
[0003] At present, the traditional PCB hole position detection mainly relies on backlight technology, which makes it difficult to detect blind holes that have not been drilled on the PCB board. In addition, due to the influence of the depth of field of the lens, it is difficult to clearly image all parts of the PCB. In addition, when the surface of the PCB board to be inspected is uneven, it also affects the imaging quality, which leads to the problem of poor accuracy in PCB hole position detection. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to improve the detection accuracy of PCB board hole positions, the present application provides a PCB hole position accuracy detection machine.
[0005] The PCB hole position accuracy detection machine provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A PCB hole position accuracy detection machine comprises a workbench, an X-direction module, a Y-direction module, a Z-direction module and a camera, wherein the X-direction module is slidably arranged on the workbench and is used to slide along the length direction of the workbench, the Y-direction module is slidably arranged on the X-direction module and is used to slide along the length direction perpendicular to the workbench, the Z-direction module is slidably arranged on the Y-direction module and is used to slide along the vertical direction, and the camera is arranged on the Z-direction module.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, when inspecting the PCB board, the X-axis module slides on the workbench along the length direction of the workbench, the Y-axis module slides on the X-axis module along the length direction perpendicular to the workbench, and the Z-axis module slides on the Y-axis module along the vertical direction, thereby driving the camera to move to different horizontal positions and different height positions on the workbench. The camera can focus on the PCB board and clearly shoot and image the PCB board, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera. Then, the hole positions of the PCB board are compared and detected based on the imaging of the camera, thereby effectively improving the detection accuracy of the hole positions of the PCB board.
[0008] Optionally, the X-axis module includes a gantry, a first motor and a first lead screw, the gantry is slidably arranged on a workbench, the first motor is arranged on the workbench, the first lead screw is coaxially arranged on an output shaft of the first motor, and the first lead screw is threadedly connected to the gantry.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the first motor is started, and the output shaft of the first motor drives the first lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the gantry to slide on the workbench, and then driving the camera to move along the length direction of the workbench conveniently and quickly.
[0010] Optionally, the Y-axis module includes a slide plate, a second motor and a second lead screw, the slide plate is slidably arranged on the gantry, the second motor is arranged on the gantry, the second lead screw is coaxially arranged on the output shaft of the second motor, and the second lead screw is threadedly connected to the slide plate.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the second motor is started, and the output shaft of the second motor drives the second lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the slide plate to slide on the gantry, thereby conveniently and quickly moving the trend camera along the length direction perpendicular to the workbench.
[0012] Optionally, the Z-axis module includes a base plate, a third motor and a third lead screw, the base plate is slidably disposed on a slide plate, the third motor is disposed on the slide plate, the third lead screw is coaxially disposed on an output shaft of the third motor, and the third lead screw is threadedly connected to the base plate.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the third motor is started, and the output shaft of the third motor drives the third lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the bottom plate to slide on the slide board, thereby conveniently and quickly moving the trend camera in the vertical direction.
[0014] Optionally, a light source for illuminating the PCB board is arranged on the bottom plate.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the PCB board is illuminated by the light source, which effectively improves the image quality of the camera shooting the PCB board.
[0016] Optionally, a displacement sensor for detecting the distance between the camera and the PCB board is arranged on the bottom plate, an industrial computer is arranged on the workbench, and the industrial computer is electrically connected to the displacement sensor, the third motor and the camera.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the displacement sensor detects the distance between the camera and the PCB board, and then transmits an electrical signal to the industrial computer. The industrial computer then controls the third motor and the camera, thereby conveniently and quickly adjusting the position of the camera to shoot the PCB board.
[0018] Optionally, the workbench is provided with a cover for housing the camera and the PCB board, and the cover is provided with an opening for the PCB board to be moved in and out.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the PCB board is moved from the opening of the hood into the hood, and the hood covers the camera and the PCB board inside, thereby reducing external interference when the camera shoots the PCB board, and further improving the camera's shooting image quality.
[0020] Optionally, the hood is hingedly provided with doors and windows for closing the openings, and the hood is hingedly provided with a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is hinged to the doors and windows, and the length of the telescopic rod is telescopic.
[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, after the PCB board is moved into the hood, the telescopic rod is shortened, so that the door and window rotate in the direction close to the hood, and the door and window can close the opening of the hood, thereby improving the sealing performance of the hood for covering the PCB board.
[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0023] 1. The camera moves to different horizontal and height positions on the workbench, and the camera can focus on the PCB board and clearly shoot the PCB board to improve the camera's imaging quality. Then, the hole positions of the PCB board are compared and detected based on the camera's imaging, effectively improving the detection accuracy of the PCB board hole positions;
[0024] 2. The displacement sensor detects the distance between the camera and the PCB board, and then transmits an electrical signal to the industrial computer, which then controls the third motor and the camera, thereby conveniently and quickly adjusting the position of the camera to shoot the PCB board;
[0025] 3. The camera and PCB board are covered inside the hood to reduce external interference when the camera shoots the PCB board, further improving the camera's shooting image quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a PCB hole position accuracy detection machine according to an embodiment of the present application.
[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure behind the hidden hood of an embodiment of the present application.
[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment of the present application from another perspective after the hood is hidden.
[0029] Figure numerals: 1. workbench; 2. X-axis module; 21. gantry; 22. first motor; 23. first screw; 3. Y-axis module; 31. slide plate; 32. second motor; 33. second screw; 4. Z-axis module; 41. bottom plate; 42. third motor; 43. third screw; 5. camera; 6. light source; 7. displacement sensor; 8. industrial computer; 9. hood; 91. opening; 10. doors and windows; 11. telescopic rod; 12. belt conveyor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 This application is described in further detail.
[0031] The embodiment of the present application discloses a PCB hole position accuracy detection machine.
[0032] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 The PCB hole position accuracy detection machine includes a workbench 1, an X-axis module 2, a Y-axis module 3, a Z-axis module 4, a camera 5, an industrial computer 8 and a machine cover 9.
[0033] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 In this embodiment, a belt conveyor 12 is installed on the workbench 1 along the length direction of the workbench 1. The staff places the PCB board on the belt conveyor 12, and the PCB board can be transported along the length direction of the workbench 1, thereby improving the convenience of transporting the PCB board on the workbench 1; the X-axis module 2 is slidably installed on the workbench 1, and the X-axis module 2 is used to slide along the length direction of the workbench 1. The X-axis module 2 includes a gantry 21, a first motor 22 and a first lead screw 23. In this embodiment, slide rails are installed on both sides of the belt conveyor 12 on the workbench 1, and the two ends of the gantry 21 are respectively slidably installed on a slide rail, the first motor 22 is installed on the workbench 1, and the first lead screw 23 is coaxially installed on the output shaft of the first motor 22 along the length direction of the workbench 1. In this embodiment, the first motor 22 is a servo motor, and the first lead screw 23 is a ball screw. The nut on the ball screw is connected to the gantry 21, thereby improving the stability when driving the gantry 21 to move.
[0034] Reference Figure 2The Y-axis module 3 is installed on the gantry 21. The Y-axis module 3 is used to slide on the gantry 21 along the length direction perpendicular to the workbench 1. The Y-axis module 3 includes a slide plate 31, a second motor 32 and a second lead screw 33. The slide plate 31 is slidably installed on the gantry 21 along the length direction perpendicular to the workbench 1. The second motor 32 is installed on the gantry 21. The second lead screw 33 is coaxially installed on the output shaft of the second motor 32. In this embodiment, the second motor 32 is a servo motor, and the second lead screw 33 is a ball screw. The nut on the ball screw is connected to the slide plate 31 to improve the sliding stability of the slide plate 31.
[0035] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , the Z-axis module 4 is installed on the slide plate 31, and the Z-axis module 4 is used to slide along the vertical direction. The Z-axis module 4 includes a base plate 41, a third motor 42 and a third lead screw 43. The base plate 41 is slidably installed on the slide plate 31 along the vertical direction, the third motor 42 is installed on the slide plate 31, and the third lead screw 43 is coaxially installed on the output shaft of the third motor 42. In this embodiment, the third motor 42 is a servo motor, and the third lead screw 43 is a ball screw. The nut on the ball screw is connected to the base plate 41 to improve the sliding stability of the base plate 41.
[0036] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 The camera 5 is installed on the bottom plate 41, and the camera 5 is used to take pictures of the PCB board. After the PCB board is transported to the gantry 21, the first motor 22 is started, and the output shaft of the first motor 22 drives the first lead screw 23 to rotate, and the first lead screw 23 can drive the gantry 21 to slide on the workbench 1 along the length direction of the workbench 1. At the same time, the second motor 32 is started, and the output shaft of the second motor 32 drives the second lead screw 33 to rotate, and the second lead screw 33 can drive the slide plate 31 to slide on the gantry 21 along the length direction perpendicular to the workbench 1. Then the third motor 42 is started, and the output shaft of the third motor 42 drives the third lead screw 43 to rotate, and the third lead screw 43 can drive the bottom plate 41 to slide on the slide plate 31 along the vertical direction. The bottom plate 41 then drives the camera 5 to move to different horizontal positions and different height positions on the workbench 1, so that the camera 5 focuses on different positions of the PCB board, clearly captures and images the PCB board, and improves the imaging quality of the camera 5. Then, the standard hole positions of the PCB board are compared and detected according to the imaging of the camera 5, effectively improving the detection accuracy of the hole positions of the PCB board.
[0037] Reference Figure 1The hood 9 is installed on the workbench 1. The hood 9 is used to cover the camera 5 and the PCB board when the camera 5 takes pictures of the PCB board. The hood 9 is provided with openings 91 on both sides along the length direction of the workbench 1, which is convenient for the belt conveyor 12 to transport the PCB board into the hood 9 and output it from the hood 9; the hood 9 is hingedly installed with doors and windows 10. In this embodiment, the doors and windows 10 are made of dark and transparent acrylic material, so that the doors and windows 10 can block certain light interference and can facilitate the staff to observe the internal situation of the hood 9 through the doors and windows 10; the hood 9 is hingedly installed with a telescopic rod 11, the length of the telescopic rod 11 is retractable, and the end of the telescopic rod 11 away from the hood 9 is hingedly installed on the door and window 10. The telescopic rod 11 can be a cylinder, an electric push rod, etc. In this embodiment, the telescopic rod 11 is a cylinder.
[0038] After the belt conveyor 12 transports the PCB board from the opening 91 of the hood 9 to the inside of the hood 9, the length of the telescopic rod 11 is shortened, pulling the door and window 10 to rotate in the direction close to the hood 9, and the door and window 10 closes the opening 91 of the hood 9, thereby improving the sealing of the hood 9 for the PCB board. At this time, the hood 9 covers both the camera 5 and the PCB board inside, reducing the interference of the external light source 6 on the shooting of the camera 5, and then the telescopic rod 11 on the output side of the PCB board of the hood 9 is extended, driving the door and window 10 to open, and then the PCB board is output from the hood 9, thereby effectively improving the imaging quality of the camera 5 shooting the PCB board.
[0039] Reference Figure 3 A light source 6 is installed on the bottom plate 41. The light source 6 is used to illuminate the PCB board. In this embodiment, the light source 6 is an LED lamp. When the camera 5 takes a picture of the PCB board, the light source 6 illuminates the PCB board, thereby further effectively improving the image quality of the camera 5 taking a picture of the PCB board.
[0040] Reference Figure 3 A displacement sensor 7 is installed on the bottom plate 41, and the displacement sensor 7 is used to detect the distance between the camera 5 and the PCB board. In this embodiment, the displacement sensor 7 is a laser rangefinder; an industrial computer 8 is installed on the workbench 1, and the industrial computer 8 is electrically connected to the displacement sensor 7, the third motor 42 and the camera 5.
[0041] The displacement sensor 7 detects the distance between the camera 5 and the PCB board, and transmits an electrical signal to the industrial computer 8 after the detection. The industrial computer 8 controls the opening and closing of the third motor 42 according to the electrical signal, and adjusts the position of the camera 5. After the distance between the camera 5 and the PCB board meets the setting, the industrial computer 8 controls the camera 5 to take a picture, and then the camera 5 transmits the data to the industrial computer 8. The industrial computer 8 identifies the hole position information of the image taken by the camera 5, and then analyzes and compares it with the set standard image, so as to calculate the hole position deviation of the PCB board and perform CPK statistical analysis. The staff then changes the processing parameters of the PCB board through CPK statistical analysis to improve the processing quality and stability of the hole position of the PCB board, so as to reduce the production cost and improve the production efficiency.
[0042] The implementation principle of a PCB hole position accuracy detection machine in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: after the PCB board is conveyed into the machine cover 9, the X-axis module 2 and the Y-axis module 3 drive the camera 5 to move to different horizontal positions, and then the displacement sensor 7 detects the distance between the camera 5 and the PCB board, and the industrial computer 8 controls the Z-axis module 4 to adjust the height of the camera 5, so that the camera 5 focuses on the PCB board and clearly captures the image of the PCB board, thereby improving the imaging quality of the camera 5, and then the hole positions of the PCB board are compared and detected based on the imaging of the camera 5, thereby effectively improving the detection accuracy of the hole positions of the PCB board.
[0043] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A PCB hole position accuracy detection machine, characterized by: The invention comprises a workbench (1), an X-axis module (2), a Y-axis module (3), a Z-axis module (4) and a camera (5), wherein the X-axis module (2) is slidably arranged on the workbench (1) and is used to slide along the length direction of the workbench (1), the Y-axis module (3) is slidably arranged on the X-axis module (2) and is used to slide along the length direction perpendicular to the workbench (1), the Z-axis module (4) is slidably arranged on the Y-axis module (3) and is used to slide along the vertical direction, and the camera (5) is arranged on the Z-axis module (4).
2. A PCB hole position accuracy detection machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis module (2) comprises a gantry (21), a first motor (22) and a first lead screw (23); the gantry (21) is slidably arranged on the workbench (1); the first motor (22) is arranged on the workbench (1); the first lead screw (23) is coaxially arranged on an output shaft of the first motor (22); and the first lead screw (23) is threadedly connected to the gantry (21).
3. A PCB hole position accuracy detection machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Y-axis module (3) comprises a slide plate (31), a second motor (32) and a second lead screw (33); the slide plate (31) is slidably arranged on the gantry (21); the second motor (32) is arranged on the gantry (21); the second lead screw (33) is coaxially arranged on an output shaft of the second motor (32); and the second lead screw (33) is threadedly connected to the slide plate (31).
4. A PCB hole position accuracy detection machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Z-direction module (4) comprises a base plate (41), a third motor (42) and a third lead screw (43); the base plate (41) is slidably arranged on the slide plate (31); the third motor (42) is arranged on the slide plate (31); the third lead screw (43) is coaxially arranged on the output shaft of the third motor (42); and the third lead screw (43) is threadedly connected to the base plate (41).
5. A PCB hole position accuracy detection machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom plate (41) is provided with a light source (6) for illuminating the PCB board.
6. A PCB hole position accuracy detection machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A displacement sensor (7) for detecting the distance between the camera (5) and the PCB board is arranged on the bottom plate (41), an industrial computer (8) is arranged on the workbench (1), and the industrial computer (8) is electrically connected to the displacement sensor (7), the third motor (42) and the camera (5).
7. The PCB hole position accuracy detection machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workbench (1) is provided with a hood (9) for housing the camera (5) and the PCB board therein, and the hood (9) is provided with an opening (91) for moving the PCB board in and out.
8. The PCB hole position accuracy detection machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hood (9) is hingedly provided with a door window (10) for closing the opening (91), and the hood (9) is hingedly provided with a telescopic rod (11), the telescopic rod (11) is hingedly connected to the door window (10), and the length of the telescopic rod (11) is retractable.