Clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shield construction material evaluation, and particularly relates to a clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device which comprises a bearing plate, guide rods are vertically and fixedly connected to the two ends of the bearing plate, a sliding plate is slidably arranged between the two guide rods in a sleeved mode, and a motor is fixedly installed on the sliding plate. An output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is sequentially provided with a limiting piece, a three-dimensional force sensor and an adhesion piston from top to bottom, a loading assembly is arranged between the limiting piece and the three-dimensional force sensor, a pressure sensor is arranged between the limiting piece and the loading assembly, and the loading assembly is in transmission fit with the limiting piece. The loading assembly is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft through the limiting piece, the adhesion piston is fixedly installed at the tail end of the rotating shaft, a soil bin is fixedly arranged at the top end of the bearing plate, and the soil bin and the adhesion piston are arranged correspondingly. The device is simple to operate, normal and tangential adhesive force tests can be simultaneously carried out on the clay sample, and the test efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of shield construction material evaluation, and particularly relates to a clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device. Background Art

[0002] Blockage of an Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) TBM can significantly reduce tunneling efficiency, cause unexpected eccentric wear of the TBM, and may even result in excessive ground settlement or blockage, especially when the machine is working in soft clay strata with a high content of clayey soil particles. Blockage is usually caused by soil particles adhering to the metal surface of the cutterhead under the weight of the loaded soil and the high pressure of the working face during soil consolidation.

[0003] Soil adhesion refers to the phenomenon that soil medium adheres to a solid surface when the adhesion stress of soil to the solid surface is higher than the cohesive stress between soil particles. The mineral composition of cohesive soil particles makes them easy to adhere, and soil particles tend to form lumps or adhere to the cutter head. Adhesion will affect the construction efficiency of the shield machine.

[0004] The factors affecting the adhesion between soil and metal surface can be divided into two aspects: one is about the properties of soil; the other is about the influence of metal surface such as metal interface material, roughness and pressure on adhesion stress.

[0005] Many scholars have used different test equipment and methods to conduct adhesion tests according to different influencing factors. Despite a large number of experimental studies, no test standards have been established so far, and the mechanism leading to adhesion is still unclear. The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem of difficulty in evaluating metal adhesion and to provide a new type of highly reliable experimental device, so that the shield machine blade material can be further optimized and the construction efficiency can be further improved. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model aims to provide a clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device, including a bearing plate, guide rods are vertically fixedly connected to the two ends of the bearing plate, a slide plate is slidably sleeved between the two guide rods, a motor is fixedly installed on the slide plate, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, a limit member, a three-dimensional force sensor and an adhesion piston are sequentially arranged on the rotating shaft from top to bottom, a loading assembly is arranged between the limit member and the three-dimensional force sensor, a pressure sensor is arranged between the limit member and the loading assembly, the loading assembly is matched with the limit member in transmission, and the loading assembly is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft through the limit member, the adhesion piston is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating shaft, a soil bin is fixedly arranged on the top of the bearing plate, and the soil bin and the adhesion piston are arranged correspondingly.

[0008] Preferably, the loading assembly includes two brackets fixedly connected to the top of the carrier plate, the two brackets are arranged between the two guide rods, and the two brackets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the motor, the tops of the two brackets are rotatably connected to a cross plate, a telescopic part is fixedly installed at one end of the cross plate away from the bracket, and a top plate is fixedly connected to one end of the telescopic part away from the cross plate, the top plate is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the top plate and the rotating shaft are clearance-matched.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic member is an electric push rod, a cylinder, or a hydraulic rod.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting member includes a limiting plate 1 fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, a limiting plate 2 is arranged above the limiting plate 1, the limiting plate 2 is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the limiting plate 2 is gap-matched with the rotating shaft, a plurality of balls are slidably connected to the limiting plate 2, and the limiting plate 2 is slidably matched with the limiting plate 1 through the plurality of balls, a limiting hole is provided on the top plate, the bottom end of the limiting plate 1 is fixedly connected to a limiting column, the limiting plate 1 is limitedly matched with the top plate through the limiting column, and the pressure sensor is arranged between the limiting plate 1 and the top plate.

[0011] Preferably, a soil bin cover is provided on the supporting plate, and the soil bin is arranged inside the soil bin cover, a circular opening is opened in the middle of the top of the soil bin cover, the adhesion piston enters the soil bin through the circular opening, a sealing sleeve is fixedly installed on the circular opening, the soil bin is sealed and connected to the rotating shaft through the sealing sleeve, a water bath heating device is fixedly provided at the bottom of the soil bin, an air inlet and an exhaust valve are fixedly provided on the side wall of the soil bin, and the air inlet is connected to an air pump through an air pipe.

[0012] Preferably, an adjusting bolt is threadedly connected to the transverse plate, and one end of the adjusting bolt close to the top of the soil bin cover is rotatably connected to a pressing block, and the pressing block abuts against the top of the soil bin cover.

[0013] Preferably, the water bath heating device includes a heating water tank fixedly mounted on the top of the supporting plate, a microcontroller is fixedly arranged on the heating water tank, a heating wire, a temperature sensor and a soil bin fixing platform are fixedly mounted inside the heating water tank, the soil bin fixing platform is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the soil bin, a water pipe is fixedly connected on the side wall of the heating water tank, a solenoid valve is arranged on the water pipe, and the heating wire, the temperature sensor and the solenoid valve are all electrically connected to the microcontroller.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of casters are fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the bearing plate.

[0015] Preferably, a handle is fixedly connected to one end of the carrying plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0017] The utility model provides a clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device, which applies a force to a limiter through a set loading assembly, and the limiter pushes the rotating shaft and the motor to move upward, and under the limiting action of the set slide and the guide rod, the rotating shaft drives the adhesion piston to move vertically upward, so as to test the normal adhesion of the clay sample, and obtain the experimental value through the set pressure sensor;

[0018] The rotating shaft and the adhesion piston are driven to rotate by the motor, so as to perform a tangential adhesion test on the clay sample, and the experimental value is obtained by the three-dimensional force sensor.

[0019] The utility model is easy to operate and can simultaneously perform normal and tangential adhesion tests on clay samples, thereby improving test efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device proposed by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of the water bath heating device in the utility model;

[0023] Among them: 1. load-bearing plate; 2. bracket; 3. motor; 4. pressure sensor; 5. telescopic part; 6. rotating shaft; 7. sealing sleeve; 8. three-dimensional force sensor; 9. adhesion piston; 10. heating water tank; 11. microcontroller; 12. temperature sensor; 13. heating wire; 14. soil bin fixing platform; 16. solenoid valve; 17. water pipe; 18. soil bin; 19. air inlet; 20. exhaust valve; 21. clay sample; 22. caster; 23. handle; 24. guide rod; 25. slide plate; 26. horizontal plate; 27. limit plate 1; 28. top plate; 29. ​​adjusting bolt; 30. soil bin cover; 31. limit column; 32. limit plate 2; 33. ball; 34. pressure block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the utility model provides a clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device, including a bearing plate 1, guide rods 24 are vertically fixedly connected at both ends of the bearing plate 1, a slide plate 25 is slidably sleeved between the two guide rods 24, a motor 3 is fixedly installed on the slide plate 25, and the output shaft of the motor 3 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 6, and a limit member, a three-dimensional force sensor 8 and an adhesion piston 9 are sequentially arranged on the rotating shaft 6 from top to bottom, a loading component is arranged between the limit member and the three-dimensional force sensor 8, a pressure sensor 4 is arranged between the limit member and the loading component, the loading component is matched with the limit member in transmission, and the loading component is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 6 through the limit member, the adhesion piston 9 is fixedly installed at the end of the rotating shaft 6, and a soil bin 18 is fixedly arranged on the top of the bearing plate 1, and the soil bin 18 and the adhesion piston 9 are arranged correspondingly.

[0027] In this embodiment, the adhesion piston 9 is a steel cylinder with a surface roughness of 10 μm. The soil bin 18 is filled with a clay sample 21 . A counterweight block can be placed on the slide plate 25 to enable the adhesion piston 9 to apply normal pressure to the clay sample 21 .

[0028] The limiting member is forced to move upward by applying a force to the limiting member through the provided loading assembly. The limiting member pushes the rotating shaft 6 and the motor 3 to move upward, and under the limiting action of the provided slide plate 25 and the guide rod 24, the rotating shaft 6 drives the adhesion piston 9 to move vertically upward, so as to test the normal adhesion force of the clay sample 21, and obtain the experimental value through the provided pressure sensor 4;

[0029] The motor 3 is rotated to drive the rotating shaft 6 and the adhesion piston 9 to rotate, so as to perform a tangential adhesion test on the clay sample 21, and obtain the experimental value through the three-dimensional force sensor 8;

[0030] The utility model is easy to operate and can simultaneously perform normal and tangential adhesion tests on the clay sample 21, thereby improving the test efficiency.

[0031] Furthermore, the loading assembly includes two brackets 2 fixedly connected to the top of the carrier plate 1, the two brackets 2 are arranged between the two guide rods 24, and the two brackets 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the motor 3, and the tops of the two brackets 2 are rotatably connected to the cross plate 26, and the end of the cross plate 26 away from the bracket 2 is fixedly installed with a telescopic member 5, and the end of the telescopic member 5 away from the cross plate 26 is fixedly connected with a top plate 28, the top plate 28 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 6, and the top plate 28 and the rotating shaft 6 are clearance-matched.

[0032] Furthermore, the telescopic member 5 is a kind of electric push rod, air cylinder, or hydraulic rod. The telescopic member 5 in this embodiment is a hydraulic rod.

[0033] The horizontal plate 26 is rotatably connected to the bracket 2 , and the rotation angle of the horizontal plate 26 can be adjusted to reserve a space for taking and placing the soil bin cover 30 , so that the soil bin cover 30 can be easily removed from the soil bin 18 , thereby facilitating the smooth filling of the clay sample 21 into the soil bin 18 .

[0034] The top plate 28 is pushed to move vertically upward by the extension of the telescopic member 5, and the top plate 28 pushes the limit member and the rotating shaft 6 to move vertically upward, so that the rotating shaft 6 drives the adhesion piston 9 to move vertically upward, thereby testing the normal adhesion force of the clay sample 21, and obtaining the experimental value through the pressure sensor 4 set between the top plate 28 and the limit member.

[0035] Furthermore, the limiting member includes a limiting plate 27 fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 6, a limiting plate 32 is arranged above the limiting plate 27, the limiting plate 32 is mounted on the rotating shaft 6, and the limiting plate 32 is clearance-matched with the rotating shaft 6, a plurality of balls 33 are slidably connected to the limiting plate 32, the limiting plate 32 is slidably matched with the limiting plate 27 through the plurality of balls 33, a limiting hole is provided on the top plate 28, the bottom end of the limiting plate 27 is fixedly connected to the limiting column 31, the limiting plate 27 is limitedly matched with the top plate 28 through the limiting column 31, and the pressure sensor 4 is arranged between the limiting plate 27 and the top plate 28.

[0036] The limiting column 31 is provided to cooperate with the top plate 28 to prevent the limiting plate 2 32 from driving the limiting plate 1 27 to rotate when the rotating shaft 6 rotates, thereby reducing the error caused by the rotation of the limiting plate 1 27 on the pressure sensor 4.

[0037] The provided ball 33 can not only satisfy the requirement that the rotating shaft 6 drives the second limit plate 32 to rotate, but also satisfy the requirement that the first limit plate 27 applies a vertical upward force to the second limit plate 32, so that the rotating shaft 6 and the second limit plate 32 move upward synchronously with the first limit plate 27, thereby realizing the normal and tangential adhesion tests of the clay sample 21 at the same time, thereby improving the test efficiency.

[0038] Furthermore, a soil bin cover body 30 is provided on the supporting plate 1, and the soil bin 18 is provided inside the soil bin cover body 30. A circular opening is opened in the middle of the top of the soil bin cover body 30, and the adhesion piston 9 enters the soil bin 18 through the circular opening. A sealing sleeve 7 is fixedly installed on the circular opening, and the soil bin 18 is sealed and connected to the rotating shaft 6 through the sealing sleeve 7. A water bath heating device is fixedly provided at the bottom of the soil bin 18, and an air inlet 19 and an exhaust valve 20 are fixedly provided on the side wall of the soil bin 18. The air inlet 19 is connected to an air pump through an air pipe.

[0039] The sealing sleeve 7 can not only satisfy the rotation of the rotating shaft 6, but also ensure the air tightness of the soil bin cover 30.

[0040] By connecting an air pump to the soil bin cover 30 through the air inlet 19, gas can be input into the soil bin cover 30 to simulate different pressure environments of the soil bin cover 30, and the pressure data on the air pump can be recorded to achieve normal-tangential adhesion testing of the metal interface of the clay sample 21 under different pressure environments.

[0041] Furthermore, an adjusting bolt 29 is threadedly connected to the transverse plate 26 , and one end of the adjusting bolt 29 close to the top of the soil bin cover 30 is rotatably connected to a pressing block 34 , and the pressing block 34 abuts against the top of the soil bin cover 30 .

[0042] In this embodiment, the adjusting bolt 29 is a plum blossom handle type bolt, which is convenient for the experimenter to adjust, and a sealing gasket is provided between the soil bin cover 30 and the bearing plate 1.

[0043] By rotating the adjusting bolt 29, the adjusting bolt 29 drives the pressure block 34 to contact the top of the soil bin cover 30. The pressure block 34 and the adjusting bolt 29 are rotatably connected, so that the pressure block 34 can apply pressure to the top of the soil bin cover 30. The pressure block 34 stops rotating under the interaction of forces, and the adjusting bolt 29 can still rotate and push the pressure block 34 to press the top of the soil bin cover 30, thereby further improving the air tightness of the soil bin cover 30 and meeting the requirements of the pressure test conditions.

[0044] Furthermore, the water bath heating device includes a heating water tank 10 fixedly installed on the top of the supporting plate 1, a microcontroller 11 is fixedly installed on the heating water tank 10, and a heating wire 13, a temperature sensor 12 and a soil bin fixing platform 14 are fixedly installed inside the heating water tank 10. The soil bin fixing platform 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the soil bin 18, and a water pipe 17 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the heating water tank 10. A solenoid valve 16 is arranged on the water pipe 17. The heating wire 13, the temperature sensor 12 and the solenoid valve 16 are all electrically connected to the microcontroller 11.

[0045] The water temperature can be monitored in real time by the temperature sensor 12, and the information is input to the microcontroller 11. The microcontroller 11 controls the operation. The water can be heated by the heating wire 13. The on-off of the water pipe 17 can be controlled by the solenoid valve 16. The soil bin fixing platform 14 can make the soil bin 18 more stable to avoid shaking that affects the accuracy of the experimental test.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to facilitate movement, a plurality of casters 22 are fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the carrying plate 1 .

[0047] Furthermore, a handle 23 is fixedly connected to one end of the carrying plate 1 .

[0048] The clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device provided by the utility model has the following working steps: loading the prepared clay sample 21 into the soil bin 18 according to the experimental standard, starting the water bath heating device, buckling the soil bin cover 30 on the soil bin 18, rotating the adjusting bolt 29 and making the pressing block 34 press the soil bin cover 30, introducing gas into the soil bin cover 30 for pressurization, starting the motor 3 and the telescopic part 5 to set the water temperature, gas pressure and rotation speed according to the experimental requirements, performing the normal-tangential adhesion test on the clay sample 21, and conducting a comprehensive evaluation on the measured data combined with the field samples.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0050] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred methods of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bearing plate (1), wherein both ends of the bearing plate (1) are vertically fixedly connected with guide rods (24), a slide plate (25) is slidably sleeved between the two guide rods (24), a motor (3) is fixedly mounted on the slide plate (25), an output shaft of the motor (3) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (6), a limiter, a three-dimensional force sensor (8) and an adhesion piston (9) are sequentially arranged on the rotating shaft (6) from top to bottom, a loading component is arranged between the limiter and the three-dimensional force sensor (8), a pressure sensor (4) is arranged between the limiter and the loading component, the loading component is transmission-matched with the limiter, and the loading component is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft (6) through the limiter, the adhesion piston (9) is fixedly mounted on the end of the rotating shaft (6), a soil bin (18) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the bearing plate (1), and the soil bin (18) and the adhesion piston (9) are arranged correspondingly.

2. The clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading assembly comprises two brackets (2) fixedly connected to the top of the bearing plate (1), the two brackets (2) are arranged between the two guide rods (24), and the two brackets (2) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the motor (3), the tops of the two brackets (2) are rotatably connected with a transverse plate (26), one end of the transverse plate (26) away from the bracket (2) is fixedly installed with a telescopic member (5), one end of the telescopic member (5) away from the transverse plate (26) is fixedly connected with a top plate (28), the top plate (28) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (6), and the top plate (28) and the rotating shaft (6) are clearance-matched.

3. The clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic member (5) is a kind of electric push rod, air cylinder or hydraulic rod.

4. The clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting member comprises a limiting plate 1 (27) fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (6); a limiting plate 2 (32) is arranged above the limiting plate 1 (27); the limiting plate 2 (32) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (6), and the limiting plate 2 (32) and the rotating shaft (6) are clearance-matched; a plurality of balls (33) are slidably connected to the limiting plate 2 (32); the limiting plate 2 (32) and the limiting plate 1 (27) are slidably matched with the limiting plate 1 (27) through the plurality of balls (33); a limiting hole is provided on the top plate (28); a limiting column (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the limiting plate 1 (27); the limiting plate 1 (27) and the top plate (28) are limitedly matched through the limiting column (31); and the pressure sensor (4) is arranged between the limiting plate 1 (27) and the top plate (28).

5. The clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A soil bin cover (30) is provided on the bearing plate (1), the soil bin (18) is arranged inside the soil bin cover (30), a circular opening is provided in the middle of the top end of the soil bin cover (30), the adhesion piston (9) enters the soil bin (18) through the circular opening, a sealing sleeve (7) is fixedly mounted on the circular opening, the soil bin (18) is sealedly connected to the rotating shaft (6) through the sealing sleeve (7), a water bath heating device is fixedly provided at the bottom of the soil bin (18), an air inlet (19) and an exhaust valve (20) are fixedly provided on the side wall of the soil bin (18), and the air inlet (19) is connected to an air pump through an air pipe.

6. The clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An adjusting bolt (29) is threadedly connected to the transverse plate (26); one end of the adjusting bolt (29) close to the top of the soil bin cover (30) is rotatably connected to a pressing block (34); the pressing block (34) abuts against the top of the soil bin cover (30).

7. The clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water bath heating device comprises a heating water tank (10) fixedly mounted on the top of the supporting plate (1), a microcontroller (11) fixedly arranged on the heating water tank (10), a heating wire (13), a temperature sensor (12) and a soil bin fixing platform (14) fixedly mounted inside the heating water tank (10), the soil bin fixing platform (14) being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the soil bin (18), a water pipe (17) fixedly connected to the side wall of the heating water tank (10), a solenoid valve (16) being arranged on the water pipe (17), the heating wire (13), the temperature sensor (12) and the solenoid valve (16) being electrically connected to the microcontroller (11).

8. The clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of casters (22) are fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the bearing plate (1).

9. The clay-metal interface normal-tangential adhesion evaluation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A handle (23) is fixedly connected to one end of the carrying plate (1).

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