Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a laminated part and a frame, the frame comprises a clamping frame body, the clamping frame body is arranged on the edge of the laminated piece in a sleeving mode, the clamping frame body comprises a first clamping part and a protrusion, the first clamping part is located on the side, away from sunlight, of the laminated piece, the first clamping part comprises a first end, and the protrusion is arranged at the first end; in the thickness direction of the laminated part, the height of the protrusion is H1, the distance between the first end and the laminated part is H2, and H1 and H2 meet the condition that H1 is smaller than H2. The protrusions can slow down the flowing trend of the structural adhesive between the laminated part and the first supporting part towards the outer side of the clamping space, and the risk that the structural adhesive overflows the clamping space and shields the backlight face of the laminated part is reduced, so that the attractiveness of the backlight face of the laminated part is improved; the area of the backlight surface of the laminated member for absorbing sunlight is increased, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the output power of the laminated member are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] The photovoltaic module includes a laminate and a frame mounted on the edge of the laminate, that is, the frame is provided with a receiving space for receiving the edge of the laminate, and structural adhesive is filled between the laminate and the frame to achieve fixation between the laminate and the frame. During the process of filling the structural adhesive, the structural adhesive will flow to the outside of the frame along the gap between the laminate and the frame and the opening position of the receiving space, resulting in insufficient filling of the structural adhesive in the receiving space. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present application provides a photovoltaic module that can reduce the risk of structural adhesive flowing outside the frame.

[0004] The present application provides a photovoltaic module, which includes a laminate and a frame; the frame includes a clamping frame, the clamping frame is sleeved on the edge of the laminate, the clamping frame includes a first clamping portion and a protrusion, the first clamping portion is located on the side of the laminate away from sunlight, the first clamping portion includes a first end, and the protrusion is arranged at the first end; along the thickness direction of the laminate, the height of the protrusion is H1, the distance between the first end and the laminate is H2, and H1 and H2 satisfy: H1<H2.

[0005] In the present application, a protrusion is arranged on the second end of the first clamping portion, that is, a protrusion is arranged at the opening position of the clamping space. In the process of filling the structural adhesive in the gap between the clamping frame and the laminate, the protrusion can slow down the flow tendency of the structural adhesive between the laminate and the first supporting portion toward the outside of the clamping space, thereby reducing the risk of the structural adhesive overflowing the clamping space and blocking the backlight surface of the laminate, so as to improve the aesthetics of the backlight surface of the laminate. When the photovoltaic module is a double-glass module, reducing the risk of the structural adhesive blocking the backlight surface of the laminate can help increase the area of ​​the backlight surface of the laminate for absorbing sunlight, thereby helping to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power of the laminate.

[0006] In some embodiments, H1 and H2 satisfy: 2≤H2 / H1≤4; and the height H1 of the protrusion satisfies: 0.2 mm≤H1≤0.4 mm.

[0007] In some embodiments, an angle α between the extension direction of the first clamping portion and the first direction satisfies: 0°<α≤10°.

[0008] In some embodiments, the frame also includes a first supporting portion, a second supporting portion and a third supporting portion, the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, the third supporting portion and the first clamping portion are arranged opposite to each other along a thickness direction of the laminate, one end of the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion are connected to the first clamping portion, and the other end of the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion are connected to the third supporting portion; the third supporting portion is used to be fixedly connected to the roof.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the first direction, a thickness of the first support portion is greater than a thickness of the second support portion.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first supporting portion includes a first body, a third end and a fourth end. Along the thickness direction of the laminate, the third end and the fourth end are respectively located at two ends of the first body, the third end is connected to the first clamping portion, and the fourth end is connected to the third supporting portion; in the first direction, the thickness of the third end is greater than the thickness of the first body, and / or the thickness of the fourth end is greater than the thickness of the first body.

[0011] In some embodiments, the third supporting portion includes a second body and a third body, along the first direction, the second body is located between the first supporting portion and the second supporting portion, the first clamping portion, the first supporting portion, the second body and the second supporting portion form a cavity, and the third body is located on the side of the second supporting portion away from the first supporting portion; the second body is provided with a first through hole, and in the thickness direction of the laminate, the cavity is connected to the outside through the first through hole; and / or the third body is provided with a second through hole.

[0012] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module also includes a junction box, which is located on the side where the long side of the laminate is located, or the junction box is located on the side where the short side of the laminate is located; the junction box is an integrated junction box, and the integrated junction box is respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the laminate; or the junction box includes a first junction box and a second junction box, the first junction box is connected to the positive pole of the laminate, and the second junction box is connected to the negative pole of the laminate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module also includes a junction box and an inverter, and the junction box and the inverter are arranged along a first direction; in the first direction, the distance L1 between the inverter and the edge of the photovoltaic module satisfies: 350mm≤L1≤400mm; in the second direction, the distance L2 between the inverter and the edge of the photovoltaic module satisfies: 240mm≤L2≤300mm.

[0014] In some embodiments, the laminate includes a first cover plate, a first adhesive film, a cell string, a second adhesive film, and a second cover plate stacked along its thickness direction; the cell string includes a plurality of solar cells, adjacent solar cells are connected in series or in parallel, and the solar cells are back contact cells, tunneling oxide passivation contact cells, heterojunction cells, passivated emitter back contact cells, or perovskite cells.

[0015] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A bottom view of a photovoltaic assembly provided in the present application in one embodiment;

[0017] Figure 2 A bottom view of a photovoltaic assembly provided in the present application in another embodiment;

[0018] Figure 3 A partial structural cross-sectional view of a laminate provided in the present application in one embodiment;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial structural cross-sectional view of a battery cell in one embodiment;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a frame provided by the present application in an embodiment;

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the border in ;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a frame provided by the present application in another embodiment;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a frame provided by the present application in another embodiment;

[0024] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a frame provided by the present application in another embodiment;

[0025] Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of a frame provided in the present application in yet another embodiment.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] 1-Laminate;

[0028] 11- first cover plate;

[0029] 12- first adhesive film;

[0030] 13- Solar cell;

[0031] 131- first anti-reflection layer;

[0032] 132-front court area;

[0033] 133-base;

[0034] 134-emitter;

[0035] 135-back field area;

[0036] 136- passivation layer;

[0037] 137- second anti-reflection layer;

[0038] 138- first electrode;

[0039] 139- second electrode;

[0040] 14- welding strip;

[0041] 15 second adhesive film;

[0042] 16 second cover plate;

[0043] 2-Border;

[0044] 21- clamping frame;

[0045] 211- first clamping portion;

[0046] 221- second clamping portion;

[0047] 213-third clamping portion;

[0048] 214-clamping space;

[0049] 215-convex;

[0050] 216-tank body;

[0051] 217- extension;

[0052] 22- first supporting portion;

[0053] 221-First ontology;

[0054] 222-third end;

[0055] 223-the fourth end;

[0056] 23- second supporting portion;

[0057] 24- third supporting portion;

[0058] 241- Second body;

[0059] 242-third body;

[0060] 243-first through hole;

[0061] 244-second through hole;

[0062] 25-cavity;

[0063] 26-Reinforcement ribs;

[0064] 27- Strengthen the frame;

[0065] 3- Junction box;

[0066] 31- first junction box;

[0067] 32- second junction box;

[0068] 4- Inverter.

[0069] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] It should be clear that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0072] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0073] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0074] It should be noted that the directional words such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" described in the embodiments of the present application are described at the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it is also necessary to understand that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "upper" or "lower", it can not only be directly connected to another element "upper" or "lower", but also indirectly connected to another element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element.

[0075] The present application provides a photovoltaic module, such as Figure 1As shown, the photovoltaic module includes a laminate 1, a frame 2 mounted on the edge of the laminate 1, and a junction box 3 installed on the laminate 1. The junction box 3 is electrically connected to the laminate 1, and the junction box 3 is used to achieve electrical connection between adjacent photovoltaic modules and between the photovoltaic modules and external electrical appliances.

[0076] The junction box 3 can be arranged on the backlight side of the laminate 1 to delay the aging of the junction box 3 and reduce the risk of the junction box 3 being damaged by factors such as aging, corrosion, and being soaked in rainwater, thereby extending the service life of the junction box 3 and facilitating the improvement of the working stability of the junction box 3 and the photovoltaic module. In addition, the junction box 3 can also be arranged on the light-facing side of the laminate 1 to reduce the occupation of the junction box 3 on the backlight side of the laminate 1, thereby reducing the installation height of the photovoltaic module.

[0077] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the junction box 3 is an integrated junction box, that is, the positive bus bar and the negative bus bar of the laminate 1 are electrically connected to the same integrated junction box respectively. At the same time, the integrated junction box includes a positive cable and a negative cable. The junction box 3 is used to realize the electrical connection between adjacent photovoltaic components. For example, the integrated junction box is electrically connected to the adjacent photovoltaic components on one side through the positive cable, and is electrically connected to the photovoltaic components on the other side through the negative cable, so as to realize the series or parallel connection of adjacent photovoltaic components.

[0078] In another embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the junction box 3 may also include a first junction box 31 and a second junction box 32, wherein the first junction box 31 is connected to the positive bus bar of the laminate 1, and the cables of the first junction box 31 are electrically connected to the adjacent photovoltaic components on one side, and the second junction box 32 is connected to the negative bus bar of the laminate 1, and the cables of the second junction box 32 are electrically connected to the photovoltaic components on the other side, so as to realize the series or parallel connection of adjacent photovoltaic components.

[0079] The junction box 3 may be an integrated junction box, or may include a split first junction box 31 and a split second junction box 32, which increases the diversity of the types of junction boxes 3. When the junction box 3 is an integrated junction box, the installation operation of the junction box 3 on the laminate 1 is simplified, which is conducive to shortening the installation time of the junction box 3; when the junction box 3 includes a split first junction box 31 and a split second junction box 32, it is convenient to reduce the cost of the junction box 3.

[0080] The laminate 1 includes two short sides extending along a first direction X and two first long sides extending along a second direction Y. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in the second direction Y, the junction box 3 can be arranged on a side close to the short side; or, in the first direction X, the junction box 3 can be arranged on a side close to the long side. When the junction box 3 includes the first junction box 31 and the second junction box 32, in the first direction X, the first junction box 31 can be arranged on the side close to the left long side, and the second junction box 32 can be arranged on the side close to the left long side, so that the first junction box 31 and the second junction box 32 are located on the same side of the laminate 1 and distributed along the second direction Y, or the second junction box 32 can be arranged on the side close to the right long side, so that the first junction box 31 and the second junction box 32 are located on both sides of the laminate 1 and distributed along the first direction X; similarly, in the second direction Y, the first junction box 31 can also be arranged on the side close to the left short side, and the second junction box 32 can be arranged on the side close to the left short side, so that the first junction box 31 and the second junction box 32 are located on the same side of the laminate 1 and distributed along the first direction X, or the second junction box 32 can be arranged on the side close to the right short side, so that the first junction box 31 and the second junction box 32 are located on the same side of the laminate 1 and distributed along the first direction X. The embodiment of the present application does not impose any special limitation on the installation position, ie, the distribution mode, of the junction box 3 , so as to increase the flexibility of the installation position of the junction box 3 .

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown, the photovoltaic module further includes an inverter 4, and the junction box 3 and the inverter 4 are located on the same layer of the laminate 1 to facilitate electrical connection between the junction box 3 and the inverter 4, for example, Figure 2 As shown, in the second direction Y, the junction box 3 and the inverter 4 are both located on a side close to the short side of the laminate 1, and the junction box 3 and the inverter 4 are arranged along the first direction X.

[0082] In the first direction X, the minimum vertical distance S1 between the inverter 4 and the edge of the photovoltaic module satisfies: 350mm≤S1≤400mm, and S1 can be 350mm, 352mm, 354mm, 356mm, 358mm, 360mm, 362mm, 364mm, 368mm, 370mm, 372mm, 374mm, 376mm, 378mm, 380mm, 382mm, 384mm, 386mm, 388mm, 390mm, 392mm, 394mm, 396mm, 398mm, 400mm, etc. If S1 is smaller or larger, for example, S1<350mm, or S1>400mm, there is a risk that the inverter 4 exceeds the surface of the photovoltaic module and is partially suspended or exposed, thereby reducing the connection stability between the inverter 4 and the laminate 1. Therefore, 350mm≤S1≤400mm reduces the risk of damage to the inverter 4, which is beneficial to improving the working stability of the inverter 4 and extending the service life of the inverter 4.

[0083] In the second direction Y, the maximum vertical distance S2 between the inverter 4 and the edge of the photovoltaic module satisfies: 240mm≤S2≤300mm, and S2 can be 240mm, 242mm, 244mm, 246mm, 248mm, 250mm, 252mm, 254mm, 256mm, 258mm, 260mm, 262mm, 264mm, 266mm, 268mm, 270mm, 272mm, 274mm, 276mm, 278mm, 280mm, 282mm, 284mm, 286mm, 288mm, 290mm, 292mm, 294mm, 296mm, 298mm, 300mm, etc. If S2 is small, for example, S2 < 240 mm, there is a risk that the inverter 4 exceeds the surface of the photovoltaic module and is partially suspended or exposed. If S2 is large, for example, S2 > 300 mm, the distance between the junction box 3 and the inverter 4 is increased on the basis of the fixed setting position of the junction box 3, resulting in a longer cable length connecting the junction box 3 and the inverter 4, making the connection cost of the junction box 3 and the inverter 4 larger, or, on the basis of the fixed distance between the junction box 3 and the inverter 4, the distance between the junction box 3 and the edge of the laminate 1 is large, increasing the difficulty of connecting the junction box 3 and the positive and negative bus bars of the laminate 1. Therefore, 240 mm ≤ S2 ≤ 300 mm, which reduces the distance between the junction box 3 and the inverter 4 to reduce the connection cost of the junction box 3 and the inverter 4, and reduces the distance between the junction box 3 and the edge of the laminate 1 to reduce the difficulty of connecting the junction box 3 and the positive and negative bus bars of the laminate 1.

[0084] like Figure 3 As shown, the laminate 1 includes a first cover plate 11, a first adhesive film 12, a battery string, a second adhesive film 15, and a second cover plate 16 stacked along the thickness direction Z. The battery string includes a plurality of solar cells 13. Adjacent solar cells 13 are connected in series or in parallel through welding strips 14. In the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1, the first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 16 are respectively located on both sides of the battery string. For example, the first cover plate 11 is located on the side of the battery string facing the sunlight, and the second cover plate 16 is located on the side of the battery string away from the sunlight. The first adhesive film 12 is located between the first cover plate 11 and the battery string, and the second adhesive film 15 is located between the second cover plate 16 and the battery string. Wherein, the first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 16 are both glass cover plates, so that the photovoltaic module is a double-glass module, that is, the back of the photovoltaic module can also absorb light, so as to facilitate the improvement of the output power of the photovoltaic module; or, the first cover plate 11 is a glass cover plate, and the second cover plate 16 is an opaque back plate, so as to facilitate the improvement of the structural strength of the second cover plate 16.

[0085] The embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on the thickness of the first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 16. For example, the thickness of the first cover plate 11 can be 2.5mm, 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3mm, 3.1mm, 3.2mm, 3.3mm, 3.4mm, 3.5mm, etc., and the thickness of the second cover plate 16 can be 2.5mm, 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3mm, 3.1mm, 3.2mm, 3.3mm, 3.4mm, 3.5mm, etc. The thickness of the first cover plate 11 and the second cover plate 16 can be the same or different.

[0086] The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the structure and type of the solar cell 13. The types of the solar cell 13 include but are not limited to a back contact cell (BC), a tunnel oxide passivated contact cell (TOPCon), a heterojunction cell (HJT), a passivated emitter rear contact cell (PERC) or a perovskite cell.

[0087] For BC batteries, for example, interdigitated back contact batteries (IBC), such as Figure 4 As shown, along the thickness direction Z, the IBC cell includes the first anti-reflection layer 131, the front field region 132, the substrate 133, the emitter 134, the back field region 135, the passivation layer 136, the second anti-reflection layer 137, and the first electrode 138 and the second electrode 139 arranged alternately at intervals. The IBC cell uses ion implantation technology to obtain P and N regions with good uniformity and precisely controllable junction depth. There is no grid line blocking on the front of the cell, which can eliminate the shading current loss of the metal electrode and realize the maximum utilization of the incident photons. The short-circuit current can be increased by about 7% compared with conventional solar cells; due to the back contact structure, there is no need to consider the grid line blocking problem, and the grid line ratio can be appropriately widened, thereby reducing the series resistance and having a high fill factor; the surface passivation and surface light trapping structure can be optimized to obtain a lower front surface recombination rate and surface reflection.

[0088] For TOPCon cells, along the thickness direction, TOPCon cells include metal silver electrodes, front surface silicon nitride passivation layers, boron-doped emitters, N-type base silicon layers, diffused doping layers, ultra-thin silicon oxide, doped polysilicon, silicon nitride, and metal silver electrodes. The back of the cell is composed of a layer of ultra-thin silicon oxide (1nm to 2nm) and a layer of phosphorus-doped microcrystalline amorphous mixed Si film, which together form a passivation contact structure. This structure can block the recombination of minority carrier holes and increase the open circuit voltage and short circuit current of the cell. The ultra-thin oxide layer allows majority electrons to tunnel into the polysilicon layer while blocking the recombination of minority carrier holes. The good passivation effect of ultra-thin silicon oxide and heavily doped silicon film causes the energy band on the silicon wafer surface to bend, thereby forming a field passivation effect, greatly increasing the probability of electron tunneling, reducing contact resistance, and increasing the open circuit voltage and short circuit current of the cell, thereby improving the cell conversion efficiency.

[0089] For HJT cells, along the thickness direction, the HJT cells include a front low-temperature silver electrode, a front conductive film, an N-type amorphous silicon film, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, an N-type base silicon layer, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, a P-type amorphous silicon film, a back conductive film, and a back low-temperature silver electrode.

[0090] For PERC cells, along the thickness direction, PERC cells include metal silver electrodes, front surface silicon nitride passivation layers, phosphorus layer emitters, P-type base silicon layers, local aluminum back fields, metal aluminum back electrodes, and back passivation layers. PERC cells use a passivation film to passivate the back side, which enhances the internal back reflection of light in the silicon substrate, reduces the recombination rate on the back side, and improves the efficiency of PERC cells.

[0091] For perovskite cells, along the thickness direction, the perovskite cell includes substrate material, conductive film, electron transport layer (titanium dioxide), perovskite absorption layer (hole transport layer), and metal cathode. Perovskite materials have a high light absorption coefficient and a long carrier diffusion distance. After the photons absorbed by the perovskite material are converted into electrons, they are easily collected by the electrode with low loss, so they can generate higher photoelectric voltage and current, making perovskite show higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0092] The embodiment of the application does not specifically limit the number of solar cells 13. For example, the number of solar cells 13 can be 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, etc.

[0093] The laminate 1 includes two first edges arranged opposite to each other along a first direction X and two second edges arranged opposite to each other along a second direction Y. For example, the first edge is the long side of the laminate 1, and the second edge is the short side of the laminate 1. The specific structure of the frame 2 is introduced below by taking the frame 2 arranged on the first edge as an example.

[0094] like Figure 5 As shown, the frame 2 includes a clamping frame 21 and a supporting frame. The clamping frame 21 encloses a clamping space 214 for accommodating the edge of the laminate 1. The laminate 1 and the clamping frame 21 are fixed by structural adhesive. The supporting frame is connected to the clamping frame 21, and along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1, the supporting frame is located on the side of the laminate 1 away from the sunlight, that is, the clamping frame 21 is located between the laminate 1 and the supporting frame. The supporting frame is used to be fixedly connected to the target body to achieve the installation of the photovoltaic module on the target body.

[0095] The material of the structural adhesive can be one-component silicone structural adhesive, two-component silicone structural adhesive, high-performance silicone structural adhesive, neutral transparent silicone structural adhesive, epoxy resin structural adhesive, polyurethane structural adhesive, acrylic structural adhesive, silicone rubber structural adhesive, and polyamide structural adhesive. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the material of the structural adhesive.

[0096] The target objects include but are not limited to the ground, walls, roofs, color steel tiles, etc. When the target object is the roof, photovoltaic modules can replace part of the tiles, increase the installation height of the photovoltaic modules, reduce the risk of obstruction by adjacent buildings, and help to extend the lighting time of the photovoltaic modules, thereby helping to improve the working stability and output power of the photovoltaic modules. In addition, when the color of the photovoltaic modules is similar or the same as that of the tiles, the overall aesthetics of the building can be improved.

[0097] like Figure 5 As shown, the clamping frame 21 includes a first clamping portion 211, a second clamping portion 212 and a third clamping portion 213. The first clamping portion 211 is located on the backlight side of the laminate 1. Along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1, the support frame is connected to the side of the first clamping portion 211 away from the laminate 1. The third clamping portion 213 is arranged on both sides of the laminate 1 relative to the first clamping portion 211 along the thickness direction X of the laminate 1, that is, the third clamping portion 213 is located on the light-facing side of the laminate 1. Along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1, the two ends of the second clamping portion 212 are respectively connected to the first clamping portion 211 and the second clamping portion 212. The first clamping portion 211, the second clamping portion 212 and the third clamping portion 213 enclose a clamping space 214.

[0098] The first clamping portion 211 includes a first end and a second end, the second end being used to connect with the second clamping portion 212. In the first direction X, the first end is located at an end of the first clamping portion 211 away from the second clamping portion 212, and a protrusion 215 is provided on the second end. Along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1, the protrusion 215 protrudes from the surface of the first clamping portion 211 in a direction close to the laminate 1, such as Figure 6 As shown, along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1 , the height of the protrusion 215 is H1 , and the distance between the first end and the laminate 1 is H2 , and H1 and H2 satisfy: H1<H2.

[0099] In this embodiment, a protrusion 215 is provided on the second end of the first clamping portion 211, that is, the protrusion 215 is provided at the opening position of the clamping space 214. In the process of filling the structural adhesive in the gap between the clamping frame 21 and the laminate 1, the protrusion 215 can slow down the flow trend of the structural adhesive between the laminate 1 and the first support portion 22 toward the outside of the clamping space 214, thereby reducing the risk of the structural adhesive overflowing the clamping space 214 and blocking the backlight surface of the laminate 1, so as to improve the aesthetics of the backlight surface of the laminate 1. When the photovoltaic module is a double-glass module, reducing the risk of the structural adhesive blocking the backlight surface of the laminate 1 can help increase the area of ​​the backlight surface of the laminate 1 for absorbing sunlight, thereby helping to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power of the laminate 1.

[0100] H1<H2, under the premise of satisfying the inhibitory effect of the protrusion 215 on the flow tendency of the structural adhesive, the height of the protrusion 215 can be reduced, thereby reducing the risk of the laminate 1 having the back panel broken and the solar cell 13 hidden cracks due to stress concentration at the protrusion 215, thereby being beneficial to improving the service life of the laminate 1 and the photovoltaic module, and also beneficial to improving the bearing capacity of the laminate 1.

[0101] H1 and H2 satisfy: 2≤H2 / H1≤4, and specifically can be 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4, etc.

[0102] If H2 / H1 is less than 2, the height of the protrusion 215 is relatively large, or the distance between the first end and the laminate 1 is relatively small. When the height of the protrusion 215 is relatively large, the risk of the laminate 1 being damaged due to stress concentration is relatively large. When the distance between the first end and the laminate 1 is relatively small, the volume of the structural adhesive between the first clamping portion 211 and the laminate 1 is relatively small, which may lead to the risk of poor connection stability between the laminate 1 and the first clamping portion 211. If H2 / H1 is greater than 4, the height of the protrusion 215 is relatively small, or the distance between the first end and the laminate 1 is relatively large. When the height of the protrusion 215 is relatively small, the protrusion 215 has a relatively poor effect of suppressing the flow trend of the structural adhesive, which may lead to a larger area of ​​the backlight surface of the laminate 1 being blocked by the structural adhesive. When the distance between the first end and the laminate 1 is relatively large, the volume of the structural adhesive between the first clamping portion 211 and the laminate 1 is relatively large, which increases the material cost of the structural adhesive and also increases the solidification time of the structural adhesive, thereby increasing the fixing period of the laminate 1 and the frame 2. Therefore, 2≤H2 / H1≤4, which can reduce the risk of damage to the laminate 1 due to stress concentration and improve the connection stability between the laminate 1 and the first clamping portion 211. At the same time, it can reduce the area of ​​the backlight surface of the laminate 1 blocked by the structural adhesive, improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and output power of the laminate 1 and the photovoltaic module, and the aesthetics of the backlight surface of the photovoltaic module, and is conducive to shortening the fixing period of the laminate 1 and the frame 2.

[0103] Among them, the height H1 of the protrusion 215 satisfies: 0.2mm≤H1≤0.4mm, and H1 can specifically be 0.2mm, 0.21mm, 0.22mm, 0.23mm, 0.24mm, 0.25mm, 0.26mm, 0.27mm, 0.28mm, 0.29mm, 0.3mm, 0.31mm, 0.32mm, 0.33mm, 0.34mm, 0.35mm, 0.36mm, 0.37mm, 0.38mm, 0.39mm, 0.4mm, etc.

[0104] If the height of the protrusion 215 is small, for example, H1 < 0.2mm, the processing accuracy required for the protrusion 215 is high, resulting in greater processing difficulty for the protrusion 215. At the same time, there is a risk of the protrusion 215 being worn flat, which reduces the life of the protrusion 215. If the height of the protrusion 215 is large, for example, H1 > 0.4mm, the risk of the laminate 1 being damaged due to stress concentration is large. Therefore, 0.2mm≤H1≤0.4mm can reduce the processing accuracy required for the protrusion 215, which is conducive to reducing the processing difficulty and processing cost of the protrusion 215, can extend the service life of the protrusion 215, and reduce the risk of the laminate 1 being damaged due to stress concentration.

[0105] In one embodiment, a surface of the first clamping portion 211 close to the laminate 1 may extend horizontally along the first direction X.

[0106] In another embodiment, the surface of the first clamping portion 211 on the side close to the laminate 1 extends obliquely along the third direction T in a direction away from the laminate 1; wherein, in one possible design, the surface of the first clamping portion 211 on the side away from the laminate 1 extends horizontally along the first direction X, and the thickness of the first clamping portion 211 gradually decreases along the direction from the second end to the first end; in another possible design, as Figure 6 As shown, the surface of the first clamping portion 211 on one side away from the laminate 1 extends obliquely along the third direction T in a direction away from the laminate 1, that is, the first clamping portion 211 is arranged obliquely along the third direction T as a whole, along the direction from the second end to the first end, so that the thickness of the first clamping portion 211 is consistent.

[0107] For the sake of convenience, the following is Figure 6 The first clamping portion 211 shown is tilted along the third direction T as a whole. At this time, the installation process of the photovoltaic module is as follows: insert the laminate 1 into the clamping space 214 along the third direction T from the side of the frame 2, and after the two first edges and / or the two second edges of the laminate 1 are inserted into the clamping space 214, inject structural adhesive into the clamping space 214 to achieve bonding and fixing of the laminate 1 and the frame 2; after the structural adhesive is cured, trim the photovoltaic module to clean the overflowed structural adhesive, and then pack, store or transport the photovoltaic module; when the photovoltaic module needs to be put into use, fix the frame 2 to the pressing blocks and / or purlins on the roof so that the frame 2 is fixed on the target body.

[0108] The angle α between the extension direction T of the first clamping portion 211 and the first direction X satisfies: 0°<α≤10°, and can be specifically 0.5°, 1°, 1.5°, 2°, 2.5°, 3°, 3.5°, 4°, 4.5°, 5°, 5.5°, 6°, 6.5°, 7°, 7.5°, 8°, 8.5°, 9°, 9.5°, 10°, etc. If the angle between the extension direction T of the first clamping portion 211 and the first direction X is larger, for example, α>10°, the distance between the first end and the backlight surface of the laminate 1 is larger, resulting in a larger volume of the structural adhesive required between the first clamping portion 211 and the laminate 1. Therefore, 0°<α≤10° reduces the bonding cost of the laminate 1 and the frame 2.

[0109] In any of the above embodiments, at least one of the first clamping portion 211, the second clamping portion 212 and the third clamping portion 213 is provided with a glue overflow groove, which can increase the volume of the structural glue between the clamping frame 21 and the laminate 1, thereby facilitating improving the connection stability between the laminate 1 and the frame 2.

[0110] like Figure 5As shown, the support frame includes a first support portion 22, a second support portion 23 and a third support portion 24. The first support portion 22 and the second support portion 23 are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction X, and the third support portion 24 and the first clamping portion 211 are arranged opposite to each other along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1. One end of the first support portion 22 and the second support portion 23 is connected to the first clamping portion 211, and the other end of the first support portion 22 and the second support portion 23 is connected to the third support portion 24; the third support portion 24 is used to be fixedly connected to the target body.

[0111] In one embodiment, in the first direction X, the thickness of the first support portion 22 is the same as the thickness of the second support portion 23 .

[0112] In another embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, in the first direction X, the thickness of the first support portion 22 is greater than the thickness of the second support portion 23. When the laminate 1 is subjected to an upward force along its thickness direction Z (such as wind uplift), the first support portion 22 with a larger thickness has a greater anti-deformation ability, thereby reducing the risk of the frame 2 being bent, deformed or even damaged under the influence of the laminate 1, thereby improving the structural strength of the frame 2, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the frame 2 and the photovoltaic module, and is beneficial to improving the wind uplift resistance of the photovoltaic module.

[0113] like Figure 5 As shown, the first supporting portion 22 includes a first body 221, a third end 222 and a fourth end 223. Along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1, the third end 222 and the fourth end 223 are respectively located at two ends of the first body 221, the third end 222 is connected to the first clamping portion 211, and the fourth end 223 is connected to the third supporting portion 24; in the first direction X, the thickness of the third end 222 is greater than the thickness of the first body 221, and / or the thickness of the fourth end 223 is greater than the thickness of the first body 221.

[0114] The thickness of the third end 222 is greater than the thickness of the first body 221, which can improve the structural strength of the connection position between the first support portion 22 and the first clamping portion 211, and reduce the risk of the connection position between the first support portion 22 and the first clamping portion 211 being broken due to the external force on the frame 2. Similarly, the thickness of the four ends is greater than the thickness of the first body 221, which can improve the structural strength of the connection position between the first support portion 22 and the third support portion 24, and reduce the risk of the connection position between the first support portion 22 and the third support portion 24 being broken due to the external force on the frame 2, thereby improving the structural strength of the frame 2, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the frame 2.

[0115] like Figure 5As shown, the third support portion 24 includes a second body 241 and a third body 242. Along the first direction X, the second body 241 is located between the first support portion 22 and the second support portion 23. The first clamping portion 211, the first support portion 22, the second body 241 and the second support portion 23 form a cavity 25. The third body 242 is located on the side of the second support portion 23 away from the first support portion 22. The second body 241 is provided with a first through hole 243. In the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1, the cavity 25 is connected to the outside through the first through hole 243. And / or, the third body 242 is provided with a second through hole 244.

[0116] The second body 241 is provided with a first through hole 243, and one end of the fastener can pass through the first through hole 243 and be fixedly connected to the target body, so as to realize the installation and fixation of the laminate 1 on the building body. At this time, the installation hole can also serve as a drainage hole, that is, the accumulated water in the cavity 25 can be drained to the outside through the installation hole. The third body 242 is provided with a second through hole 244, and one end of the fastener can pass through the second through hole 244 and be fixedly connected to the target body, which can increase the installation space of the fastener and reduce the difficulty of installation.

[0117] In any of the above embodiments, Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first clamping portion 211 and / or the third supporting portion 24 are provided with reinforcing ribs 26, which are located in the cavity 25, thereby reducing the risk of the first clamping portion 211 and / or the third supporting portion 24 being deformed into the cavity 25 by external forces, thereby extending the service life of the frame 2. In a possible design, as Figure 6 As shown, along the first direction X, the reinforcing rib 26 can be arranged in the middle of the space; in another possible design, as Figure 7 As shown, the reinforcing rib 26 can be set at the corner position of the cavity 25, that is, the reinforcing rib 26 can be set at the corner where the first support portion 22 is connected to the first clamping portion 211, and / or, the reinforcing rib 26 can be set at the corner where the second support portion 23 is connected to the first clamping portion 211, and / or, the reinforcing rib 26 can be set at the corner where the second support portion 23 is connected to the third support portion 24, and / or, the reinforcing rib 26 can be set at the corner where the first support portion 22 is connected to the third support portion 24, and the contour shape, size and other parameters of adjacent reinforcing ribs 26 can be the same or different. When the reinforcing rib 26 is set at the corner, taking the case where the reinforcing rib 26 is set at the corner where the first support portion 22 is connected to the first clamping portion 211 as an example, at this time, the reinforcing rib 26 can be connected with the first support portion 22 and the first clamping portion 211 as an integrated structure to improve the structural strength.

[0118] In any of the above embodiments, a reinforcing frame 27 may be further disposed in the cavity 25. The reinforcing frame 27 may be parallel to the first support portion 22, that is, the reinforcing frame 27 extends along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1. At this time, the first support portion 22, the first clamping portion 211, the second support portion 23, the third support portion 24, and the reinforcing frame 27 enclose a structure in the shape of a Chinese character 'Ri' or a Chinese character 'Mu'; alternatively, the reinforcing frame 27 may be parallel to the third support portion 24, that is, the reinforcing frame 27 extends along the first direction X. At this time, the first support portion 22, the first clamping portion 211, the second support portion 23, the third support portion 24, and the reinforcing frame 27 enclose a structure in the shape of a Chinese character 'Ri' or a Chinese character 'Mu'; alternatively, at least two perpendicular reinforcing frames 27 are disposed in the cavity 25, so that the first support portion 22, the first clamping portion 211, the second support portion 23, the third support portion 24, and the reinforcing frame 27 enclose a structure in the shape of a Chinese character 'Tian'; alternatively, at least two intersecting and non-perpendicular reinforcing frames 27 are disposed in the cavity 25, and two adjacent reinforcing frames 27 are connected into a V-shaped structure or an X-shaped structure. The above are all examples of the structure of the reinforcing frame 27, and the embodiments of the present application do not make special limitations on the number, installation position, connection position, shape, etc. of the reinforcing frame 27.

[0119] In one embodiment, as Figure 8 shown, the second clamping portion 212 is directly opposite to the first support portion 22 along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1. When an upward acting force is applied to the third clamping portion 213 along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1, the first support portion 22 can support the second clamping portion 212, reducing the risk of the second clamping portion 212 bending and deforming downward under the drive of the third clamping portion 213, thereby improving the structural strength of the frame 2.

[0120] In another embodiment, as Fig. 9 shown, the second clamping portion 212 and the first support portion 22 are staggered in the first direction X, so that the second clamping portion 212 and the first clamping portion 211 enclose a groove 216. The groove 216 can lead out the liquid on the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic module, reducing the risk of liquid accumulation on the light-facing surface of the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the working stability and reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0121] In addition, as Fig.10 shown, an extension portion 217 extending along the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1 is provided on the side of the first clamping portion 211 facing away from the laminate 1. The extension portion 217 is used for clamping and fixing with a pressing block on the target body, and the pressing block is fixedly connected to the target body to improve the connection stability between the frame 2 and the target body.

[0122] In any of the above embodiments, the size of the frame 2 in the first direction X is 20 mm to 35 mm, specifically 20 mm, 21 mm, 22 mm, 23 mm, 24 mm, 25 mm, 26 mm, 27 mm, 28 mm, 29 mm, 30 mm, 31 mm, 32 mm, 33 mm, 34 mm, 35 mm, etc. Among them, the frame 2 set on the long side of the laminate 1 is the first frame 2, and the frame 2 set on the short side of the laminate 1 is the second frame 2. The size of the first frame 2 in the first direction X can be the same as or different from the size of the second frame 2 in the first direction X. In the same case, the size of the first frame 2 in the first direction X is larger than the size of the second frame 2 in the first direction X for easy installation.

[0123] In any of the above embodiments, the size of the frame 2 in the thickness direction Z of the laminate 1 is 30mm to 50mm, specifically 30mm, 31mm, 32mm, 33mm, 34mm, 35mm, 36mm, 37mm, 38mm, 39mm, 40mm, 41mm, 42mm, 43mm, 44mm, 45mm, 46mm, 47mm, 48mm, 49mm, 50mm, etc.

[0124] In any of the above embodiments, the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X is 900mm~1200mm, and can be specifically 900mm, 920mm, 940mm, 960mm, 980mm, 1000mm, 1020mm, 1032mm, 1035mm, 1039mm, 1040mm, 1060mm, 1080mm, 1100mm, 1120mm, 1140mm, 1160mm, 1180mm, 1200mm, etc.; the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y is 1700mm~2200mm, and can be specifically 1700mm, 1720mm, 1740mm, 1760mm, 1780mm, 1787mm, 1800mm, 1820mm, 1840mm, 1860mm, 1872mm, 1880mm, 1900mm, 1920mm, 1940mm, 1960mm, 1980mm, 2000mm, 2020mm, 2040mm, 2047mm, 2060mm, 2080mm, 2100mm, 2120mm, 2140mm, 2160mm, 2180mm, 2200mm, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the dimensions of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X and the second direction Y. When the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X is small, the number of solar cells 13 that can be arranged in the photovoltaic module in the first direction X is reduced. When the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X is large, the number of photovoltaic modules arranged in the first direction X in the limited installation space is reduced, thereby affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module; similarly, when the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y is small, the number of solar cells 13 that can be arranged in the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y is reduced. When the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y is large, the number of photovoltaic modules arranged in the second direction Y in the limited installation space is reduced, thereby affecting the output power of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, the size of the photovoltaic module in the first direction X is 900mm to 1200mm, and the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction Y is 1700mm to 2200mm, which can increase the number of solar cells 13 arranged in the first direction X and the second direction Y, and is conducive to increasing the number of photovoltaic modules arranged in the first direction X and the second direction Y in the limited installation space, thereby facilitating the increase of the total output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0125] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises a laminate (1) and a frame (2); The frame (2) comprises a clamping frame (21), the clamping frame (21) being sleeved on the edge of the laminate (1), the clamping frame (21) comprising a first clamping portion (211) and a protrusion (215), the first clamping portion (211) being located on a side of the laminate (1) facing away from sunlight, the first clamping portion (211) comprising a first end, and the protrusion (215) being arranged on the first end; Along the thickness direction (Z) of the laminate (1), the height of the protrusion (215) is H1, the distance between the first end and the laminate (1) is H2, and H1 and H2 satisfy: H1<H2.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: H1 and H2 satisfy: 2≤H2 / H1≤4; The height H1 of the protrusion (215) satisfies: 0.2 mm ≤ H1 ≤ 0.4 mm.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle α between the extension direction (T) of the first clamping portion (211) and the first direction (X) satisfies: 0°<α≤10°.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (2) further comprises a first supporting portion (22), a second supporting portion (23) and a third supporting portion (24); the first supporting portion (22) and the second supporting portion (23) are arranged opposite to each other along a first direction (X); the third supporting portion (24) and the first clamping portion (211) are arranged opposite to each other along a thickness direction (Z) of the laminate (1); one end of the first supporting portion (22) and the second supporting portion (23) are connected to the first clamping portion (211); and the other end of the first supporting portion (22) and the second supporting portion (23) are connected to the third supporting portion (24); The third supporting portion (24) is used for being fixedly connected to the roof.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the first direction (X), the thickness of the first support portion (22) is greater than the thickness of the second support portion (23).

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first supporting portion (22) comprises a first body (221), a third end (222) and a fourth end (223); along the thickness direction (Z) of the laminate (1), the third end (222) and the fourth end (223) are respectively located at two ends of the first body (221); the third end (222) is connected to the first clamping portion (211), and the fourth end (223) is connected to the third supporting portion (24); In the first direction (X), the thickness of the third end (222) is greater than the thickness of the first body (221), and / or the thickness of the fourth end (223) is greater than the thickness of the first body (221).

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third supporting portion (24) comprises a second body (241) and a third body (242); along the first direction (X), the second body (241) is located between the first supporting portion (22) and the second supporting portion (23); the first clamping portion (211), the first supporting portion (22), the second body (241) and the second supporting portion (23) form a cavity; and the third body (242) is located on a side of the second supporting portion (23) away from the first supporting portion (22); The second body (241) is provided with a first through hole (243), and in the thickness direction (Z) of the laminate (1), the cavity is connected with the outside through the first through hole (243); And / or, the third body (242) is provided with a second through hole (244).

8. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly further comprises a junction box (3), wherein the junction box (3) is located on the side where the long side of the laminate (1) is located, or the junction box (3) is located on the side where the short side of the laminate (1) is located; The junction box (3) is an integrated junction box, and the integrated junction box is respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the laminate (1); Alternatively, the junction box (3) comprises a first junction box (31) and a second junction box (32), wherein the first junction box (31) is connected to the positive electrode of the laminate (1), and the second junction box (32) is connected to the negative electrode of the laminate (1).

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic assembly further comprises a junction box (3) and an inverter (4), wherein the junction box (3) and the inverter (4) are arranged along a first direction (X); In the first direction (X), the distance L1 between the inverter (4) and the edge of the photovoltaic module satisfies: 350 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 400 mm; In the second direction (Y), the distance L2 between the inverter (4) and the edge of the photovoltaic assembly satisfies: 240 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 300 mm.

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The laminate (1) comprises a first cover plate (11), a first adhesive film (12), a battery string, a second adhesive film (15) and a second cover plate (16) which are stacked along the thickness direction (Z) of the laminate; The cell string comprises a plurality of solar cells (13), adjacent solar cells (13) are connected in series or in parallel, and the solar cells are back contact cells, tunneling oxidation passivation contact cells, heterojunction cells, passivated emitter back contact cells or perovskite cells.

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