Underwater existing facility protection cushion layer

Abstract

The utility model discloses an underwater existing facility protection cushion layer which comprises a reinforced grating layer, clay, a composite soft body mattress and a broken stone hardcore, the clay is laid on the upper surface of the reinforced grating layer, the composite soft body mattress is laid on the upper surface of the clay, the broken stone hardcore is laid on the upper surface of the composite soft body mattress, and the broken stone hardcore is laid on the upper surface of the composite soft body mattress. The reinforced grating layer, the clay, the composite soft body mattress and the broken stone hardcore are parallel to one another, the reinforced grating layer is filled with broken stone bodies, the reinforced grating layer comprises a plurality of layers of reinforced grating bodies, and the plurality of layers of reinforced grating bodies are vertically stacked. The utility model has the beneficial effects that the reinforced grating structure is used as a construction foundation of the protective cushion layer, so that the foundation bearing capacity of the protective cushion layer is improved and optimized, the vibration load caused by vehicles in the immersed tunnel is dissipated, and the bearing capacity condition required by the subsequent construction of the protective cushion layer is met; the clay is a high-strength clay material and can absorb impact load on the upper portion of the cushion layer to a great extent, meanwhile, it is guaranteed that clay particles are not washed away, and the anti-scouring effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of protective cushion layers for underwater existing facilities, and in particular to a protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's water transport industry, especially in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions, the density of bridge construction is approaching saturation. Excessive bridge construction will restrict the navigation height of ships, and the construction of underwater immersed tube tunnels is increasing. On the one hand, there are a large number of pipelines, communications, and power transmission cables distributed in the sea and rivers. When different ships are temporarily anchored, the penetration depth of the riverbed or seabed soil varies due to the type, weight, and water entry speed of the anchor, which may affect the safety of the existing facilities below. On the other hand, rivers often have external impacts such as fishing boats trawling on the upper part of the cable facilities, and due to the difference in stiffness between the existing facilities and the soil, the upper part of the facilities such as pipes, cables, and tunnels is easily eroded by the water flow, and the problem of anchors hanging off the cables is more prominent, causing safety and economic losses.

[0003] For example, a new type of flexible coastal protection structure and its construction method with application number CN10461210B and announcement date of October 12, 2016, includes a tie beam and a wave-breaking platform close to the design water level, the wave-breaking platform is connected to the bottom and top of the slope through a slope and a wave-breaking wall respectively, a pebble cushion layer and a composite geotextile are laid on the lower surface of the slope and the wave-breaking platform in sequence, a composite geotextile and a crushed stone cushion layer are laid on the upper surface of the slope and the bottom of the slope in sequence, a concrete hinge row is laid above the crushed stone cushion layer, and the top end of the hinge row is connected to the tie beam.

[0004] The relevant specifications for the upper protection of immersed tube tunnels have set requirements for the buried depths of seabed, river pipelines, cables, and tunnels, but lack requirements for protective measures to prevent ship anchoring and other effects. The general practice for the upper protection of immersed tube tunnels is to cover the tunnel with gravel to reduce the buoyancy of the immersed tube tunnel caused by the influence of groundwater on the floating deformation of the immersed tube tunnel, and at the same time reduce the damage to the immersed tube tunnel caused by water scouring and external impact. However, in sea areas with turbulent water flow, due to the increase in water flow velocity and the impact of external conditions, it is difficult to protect the immersed tube tunnel by simply laying a gravel cushion layer. Therefore, it is urgent to design a protective cushion layer for existing underwater facilities and its construction method to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a protective cushion layer for existing underwater facilities to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities comprises a reinforced grid layer, clay, a composite soft body row and a crushed stone cushion layer, wherein the clay is laid on the upper surface of the reinforced grid layer, the composite soft body row is laid on the upper surface of the clay, the crushed stone cushion layer is laid on the upper surface of the composite soft body row, the reinforced grid layer, clay, the composite soft body row and the crushed stone cushion layer are parallel to each other, and the interior of the reinforced grid layer is filled with crushed stone.

[0008] Furthermore, the reinforced grid layer includes a plurality of reinforced grid bodies, and the plurality of reinforced grid bodies are combined in a vertically stacked manner.

[0009] Furthermore, the total height of the reinforced grid layer is 1m-2m, and the clay is a high-strength clay material.

[0010] Furthermore, it is characterized in that the tensile strength of the reinforced grid body is not less than 100 kN / m, and the elongation at break of the reinforced grid body is less than 2%.

[0011] Furthermore, the crushed stone cushion layer includes blocks of stone and crushed stone blocks, and the crushed stone cushion layer is composed of a mixture of blocks of stone and crushed stone blocks.

[0012] Furthermore, the laying depth of the crushed stone cushion layer is 1m-2m.

[0013] Furthermore, the block stone is composed of 20kg-100kg of natural stone or artificial stone, the particle size of the block stone is 10cm-13cm, and the particle size of the crushed stone is about 40mm-50mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the reinforced grid body is distributed in a grid-like structure, and crushed stone bodies are filled in each grid cell.

[0015] Furthermore, the mud content in the crushed stone bodies, lumps of stone and crushed stone blocks is less than 4%.

[0016] A method for constructing a protective cushion layer for an underwater existing facility comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. Investigation:

[0018] a. Drilling the seabed where the protective cushion is to be laid, investigating its geological conditions, mapping the area where the protective cushion is to be laid, real-time monitoring of the hydrological and water conditions of the seawater, understanding the size and specific location of the existing underwater facilities, and carrying out load tests on the existing underwater facilities to determine the engineering geological conditions, hydrological conditions, specified navigation depth for ships, and bearing conditions of the existing facilities that need to be protected for the protective cushion of the existing underwater facilities;

[0019] b. Based on the data of geology, hydrology and existing facilities in a, the feasibility and suitability of the protective cushion layer of the existing underwater facilities are obtained;

[0020] c. Then, based on the geological, hydrological and existing facilities conditions investigated, propose the composite soft-body padding form, crushed stone, block stone and crushed stone block particle grading, clay compressive and shear strength, and the arrangement method, structural type and size of the soft-body padding used for the protective cushion layer of the underwater existing facilities;

[0021] S2. Design:

[0022] a. Determine the design standards, allowable impact loads, and anti-scouring water flow conditions of the protective cushion layer of existing underwater facilities based on the survey results and actual on-site conditions;

[0023] b. Design the required form of reinforced grid, clay, composite soft material, crushed stone and block stone mixture particle size distribution;

[0024] c. Estimate the investment in protective cushions for existing underwater facilities and evaluate their economic feasibility;

[0025] d. Determine the quality control standards and construction requirements for the protective cushion layer of existing underwater facilities;

[0026] S3. Construction:

[0027] a. Use a flattening machine to compact the seabed to meet the design compaction requirements, then lay the reinforced grid layer by layer on the seabed, and stack the reinforced grid to a reinforced grid layer with a height of 1m-2m, and then fill the cells of the reinforced grid layer with crushed stone;

[0028] b. High-strength clay that meets the design standards is laid in layers on the upper surface of the reinforced grid. The thickness of each layer does not exceed 50cm. Each layer is rolled after laying. The total laying height is 3-4m;

[0029] c. Laying composite soft material row on the upper surface of the clay layer;

[0030] d. Lay a crushed stone cushion layer composed of a mixture of blocks and crushed stones on the top of the composite soft material row, and finally use a flattening machine to flatten it to obtain a protective cushion layer.

[0031] In the above technical scheme, the utility model provides a protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities and a construction method thereof, which (1) adopts a reinforced grid structure as the construction basis of the protective cushion layer, thereby improving and optimizing the basic bearing capacity of the protective cushion layer, while dissipating the vibration load caused by vehicles in the immersed tube tunnel, and meeting the bearing capacity conditions required for the subsequent construction of the protective cushion layer; (2) by laying clay, the clay is a high-strength clay material that can absorb the impact load on the upper part of the cushion layer to a large extent, while ensuring that the clay particles are not washed away, having an anti-scouring effect, and further protecting the safety of the existing facilities below; (3) by laying a well-graded block stone, crushed stone mixed gravel cushion layer, it helps to better protect the existing facilities below from damage caused by ships anchoring, fishing boats trawling, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 The utility model provides a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an underwater existing facility protective cushion layer and a construction method embodiment thereof.

[0034] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a reinforced grid body provided in an embodiment of a protective cushion layer for existing underwater facilities and a construction method thereof.

[0035] Figure 3 The utility model provides a schematic diagram of the construction method flow structure of a protective cushion layer for existing underwater facilities and a construction method thereof.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Reinforced grid layer; 2. Clay; 3. Composite soft material row; 4. Gravel cushion layer; 5. Gravel body; 6. Block stone; 7. Gravel block; 8. Reinforced grid body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0039] like Figure 1-3 As shown, an underwater existing facility protective cushion layer provided by an embodiment of the utility model includes a reinforced grid layer 1, clay 2, a composite soft body row 3 and a crushed stone cushion layer 4, the clay 2 is laid on the upper surface of the reinforced grid layer 1, and the composite soft body row 3 is laid on the upper surface of the clay 2, the crushed stone cushion layer 4 is laid on the upper surface of the composite soft body row 3, the reinforced grid layer 1, clay 2, the composite soft body row 3 and the crushed stone cushion layer 4 are parallel to each other, and the interior of the reinforced grid layer 1 is filled with crushed stone 5.

[0040] The utility model provides a protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities, comprising a reinforced grid layer 1, clay 2, a composite soft row 3 and a crushed stone cushion layer 4, wherein the clay 2 is laid on the upper surface of the reinforced grid layer 1, and the composite soft row 3 is laid on the upper surface of the clay 2, and the crushed stone cushion layer 4 is laid on the upper surface of the composite soft row 3, the reinforced grid layer 1, the clay 2, the composite soft row 3 and the crushed stone cushion layer 4 are parallel to each other, the interior of the reinforced grid layer 1 is filled with crushed stone 5, and the composite soft row 3 is located at the lower part of the crushed stone cushion layer 4, which can prevent the water flow from scouring and causing the particles of the clay 2 below to be lost, and ensure that the clay 2 In order to ensure the integrity of the foundation, a reinforced grid 1 structure is used as the construction basis of the protective cushion layer, which improves and optimizes the bearing capacity of the foundation and dissipates the vibration load caused by vehicles in the immersed tube tunnel, meeting the bearing capacity conditions required for the subsequent construction of the protective cushion layer. The clay 2 with a certain strength can absorb the impact load on the upper part of the cushion layer to a large extent, while ensuring that the clay particles are not washed away, which has an anti-scouring effect and further protects the safety of the existing facilities below. The use of well-graded blocks 6 and crushed stone body 5 mixture helps to better protect the existing facilities below from damage caused by ships anchoring, fishing boats trawling, etc.

[0041] In one embodiment provided by the utility model, the reinforced grid layer 1 includes several layers of reinforced grid bodies 8, and the combination of the several layers of reinforced grid bodies 8 is vertically stacked. After the reinforced grid layer 1 is filled with gravel bodies 5, it is located below the clay 2 and laid on the seabed surface, which can improve the basic bearing capacity of the protective cushion layer, provide a foundation for the subsequent construction of the protective cushion layer, and improve the underwater soft soil layer's ability to resist horizontal and vertical loads.

[0042] In another embodiment provided by the utility model, the total height of the reinforced grid layer 1 is 1m-2m, and the clay 2 is a high-strength clay material. The clay 2 can absorb impact loads such as upper anchoring, and at the same time increase the soil pressure load around existing facilities such as immersed pipes through the deadweight of the soil, thereby preventing the lower structure from bending and deformation.

[0043] In another embodiment provided by the present utility model, the feature is that the tensile strength of the reinforced grid body 8 is not less than 100 kN / m, and the elongation at break of the reinforced grid body 8 is less than 2%.

[0044] In one embodiment provided by the utility model, the gravel cushion layer 4 includes blocks of stone 6 and crushed stone blocks 7, and the gravel cushion layer 4 is composed of a mixture of blocks of stone 6 and crushed stone blocks 7. The gravel cushion layer 4 composed of a mixture of blocks of stone 6 and crushed stone blocks 7 can improve the gradation of the mixture, effectively reduce the porosity between the mixed cushion layers, and enhance the strength of the gravel 4 cushion layer, so that the anti-scouring and anti-impact capabilities of the gravel cushion layer 4 are significantly improved.

[0045] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the laying depth of the crushed stone cushion layer 4 is 1m-2m.

[0046] In another embodiment provided by the utility model, the stone block 6 is composed of 20kg-100kg of natural stone or artificial stone, the particle size of the stone block 6 is 10cm-13cm, and the particle size of the crushed stone 7 is about 40mm-50mm.

[0047] In an embodiment provided by the utility model, the reinforced grid body 8 is distributed in a grid-like structure, and the crushed stone body 5 is filled in each grid cell.

[0048] In another embodiment provided by the present invention, the mud content in the crushed stone body 5, the stone block 6 and the crushed stone block 7 is less than 4%.

[0049] A method for constructing a protective cushion layer for an underwater existing facility comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1. Investigation:

[0051] a. Drilling the seabed where the protective cushion is to be laid, investigating its geological conditions, mapping the area where the protective cushion is to be laid, real-time monitoring of the hydrological and water conditions of the seawater, understanding the size and specific location of the existing underwater facilities, and carrying out load tests on the existing underwater facilities to determine the engineering geological conditions, hydrological conditions, specified navigation depth for ships, and bearing conditions of the existing facilities that need to be protected for the protective cushion of the existing underwater facilities;

[0052] b. Based on the data of geology, hydrology and existing facilities in a, the feasibility and suitability of the protective cushion layer of the existing underwater facilities are obtained;

[0053] c. Then, based on the geological, hydrological and existing facilities conditions investigated, the composite soft body row 3 form, the crushed stone body 5, the block stone 6 and the crushed stone block 7 particle gradation, the compressive and shear strength of the clay 2 and the arrangement method, structural type and size of the soft body row 3 used for the protective cushion layer of the underwater existing facilities are proposed;

[0054] S2. Design:

[0055] a. Determine the design standards, allowable impact loads, and anti-scouring water flow conditions of the protective cushion layer of existing underwater facilities based on the survey results and actual on-site conditions;

[0056] b. Design the required form of the reinforced grid body 8, clay 2, composite soft body row 3, crushed stone body 5 and block stone 6 mixture particle gradation;

[0057] c. Estimate the investment in protective cushions for existing underwater facilities and evaluate their economic feasibility;

[0058] d. Determine the quality control standards and construction requirements for the protective cushion layer of existing underwater facilities;

[0059] S3. Construction:

[0060] a. Use a flattening machine to roll the seabed flat and dense to meet the design compaction requirements, then lay the reinforced grid body 8 layer by layer on the seabed, and stack the reinforced grid body 8 to a reinforced grid body layer 1 with a height of 1m-2m, and then fill the cells of the reinforced grid layer 1 with crushed stone 5;

[0061] b. High-strength clay 2 that meets the design standards is laid in layers on the upper surface of the reinforced grid 1. The thickness of each layer does not exceed 50cm. Each layer is rolled after laying. The total laying height is 3-4m;

[0062] c. Laying a composite soft material row 3 on the upper surface of the clay 2;

[0063] d. On the top of the composite soft row 3, a crushed stone cushion layer 4 composed of a mixture of blocks 6 and crushed stone blocks 7 is laid, and finally a flattening machine is used to flatten it to obtain a protective cushion layer.

[0064] Working principle S1. Survey: Drilling the seabed where the protective cushion is to be laid, investigating its geological conditions, mapping the area where the protective cushion is to be laid, real-time monitoring of the hydrological conditions of the seawater, understanding the size and specific location of the underwater existing facilities, and carrying tests on the underwater existing facilities to determine the engineering geological conditions, hydrological conditions, specified navigation depth for ships, and bearing conditions of the existing facilities that need to be protected for the protective cushion of the underwater existing facilities. Based on the data on the geology, hydrology, and existing facilities in a, the feasibility and suitability of the protective cushion for the underwater existing facilities are obtained. Then, based on the surveyed geology, hydrology, and existing facilities, the composite soft body row 3 form, crushed stone body 5, block stone 6, and crushed stone block 7 particle grading, clay 2 compressive strength and shear strength, and the arrangement method, structural type, and size of the soft body row 3 are proposed for the protective cushion of the underwater existing facilities.

[0065] S2. Design: Based on the survey results and actual site conditions, determine the design standards, allowable impact loads, and anti-scouring water flow conditions of the underwater existing facility protection cushion layer, and then design the required form of the reinforced grid body 8, clay 2, composite soft body row 3, crushed stone body 5 and block stone 6 mixture particle gradation, estimate the investment of the underwater existing facility protection cushion layer and evaluate its economic feasibility, and then determine the quality control standards and construction requirements of the underwater existing facility protection cushion layer;

[0066] a. S3, construction: Use a flattening machine to roll the seabed flat and dense to meet the design compaction requirements, then lay the reinforced grid body 8 layer by layer on the seabed, and stack the reinforced grid body 8 to the reinforced grid body layer 1 with a height of 1m-2m, then fill the gravel body 5 in the cells of the reinforced grid layer 1, and then lay high-strength clay 2 that meets the design standards on the upper surface of the reinforced grid 1 in layers, with each layer not exceeding 50cm in thickness, and rolling is performed after each layer is laid, with a total laying height of 3-4m, and lay a composite soft body row 3 on the upper surface of the clay 2, and finally lay a gravel cushion layer 4 composed of a mixture of blocks 6 and gravel blocks 7 on the top of the composite soft body row 3, and then use a flattening machine to flatten it to obtain a protective cushion layer.

[0067] The above only describes some exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities, comprising a reinforced grid layer (1), clay (2), a composite soft material layer (3) and a crushed stone cushion layer (4), characterized in that: The clay (2) is laid on the upper surface of the reinforced grid layer (1), and the composite soft body row (3) is laid on the upper surface of the clay (2), and the crushed stone cushion layer (4) is laid on the upper surface of the composite soft body row (3). The reinforced grid layer (1), the clay (2), the composite soft body row (3) and the crushed stone cushion layer (4) are parallel to each other, and the interior of the reinforced grid layer (1) is filled with crushed stone (5).

2. The protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforced grid layer (1) comprises a plurality of reinforced grid bodies (8), and the plurality of reinforced grid bodies (8) are combined in a vertically stacked manner.

3. The protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The total height of the reinforced grid layer (1) is 1m-2m, and the clay (2) is a high-strength clay material.

4. The protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The tensile strength of the reinforced grid body (8) is not less than 100 kN / m, and the elongation at break of the reinforced grid body (8) is less than 2%.

5. The protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crushed stone cushion layer (4) comprises blocks of stone (6) and crushed stone blocks (7), and the crushed stone cushion layer (4) is composed of a mixture of blocks of stone (6) and crushed stone blocks (7).

6. The protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laying depth of the crushed stone cushion layer (4) is 1m-2m.

7. The protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities according to claim 6, characterized in that: The block stone (6) is composed of 20kg-100kg of natural stone or artificial stone, the particle size of the block stone (6) is 10cm-13cm, and the particle size of the crushed stone (7) is about 40mm-50mm.

8. The protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reinforced grid body (8) is distributed in a grid-like structure, and the crushed stone body (5) is filled in each grid cell.

9. The protective cushion layer for underwater existing facilities according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mud content in the crushed stone body (5), the block stone (6) and the crushed stone block (7) is less than 4%.

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