Laser processing head and laser processing equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a laser processing head and laser processing equipment. The laser processing head comprises a base, an optical assembly, a first lens and a first driving mechanism. Wherein a channel for laser to pass through is arranged in the base; the optical assembly is arranged in the channel and is used for forming a light path when the laser passes through; the first lens is arranged in the channel and located on one side of the light path. The first driving mechanism is in driving connection with the first lens and used for driving the first lens to enter or leave the light path so as to adjust the beam waist diameter of the laser. When the first lens is located outside a light path, the beam waist diameter when laser is incident is a numerical value, after the first lens enters the light path, the divergence angle when the laser is emitted from the optical assembly can be changed, and the beam waist diameter correspondingly changes at the moment, so that the purpose of changing the spot diameter when the laser is focused is achieved, and the energy density of the laser is changed. And the device is suitable for plates of different materials and sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser processing, and in particular to a laser processing head and laser processing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Gaussian laser beam plays a vital role in the laser cutting and welding process. Its unique light intensity distribution presents a bell-shaped curve, which can achieve more highly concentrated energy focusing and precise heat input. In this way, whether it is cutting or welding, better quality and more efficient results can be obtained.

[0003] In laser cutting, due to the different types of plates to be cut, the focal length of the laser processing head and the diameter of the light spot formed for cutting the plates to be cut are also different. The diameter of the light spot generated by the existing laser processing head cannot be changed, resulting in one type of plate to be cut requiring a corresponding laser processing head to cut it, which means that one more processing head requires one more machine tool; if you want to process multiple types of plates to be cut, you need two or more machine tools to meet the processing conditions, which makes the cost higher. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present application proposes a laser processing head and a laser processing device, aiming to solve the problem that the spot diameter of the current laser cutting device after focusing cannot be adjusted.

[0005] The present application proposes a laser processing head, comprising:

[0006] A base having a channel inside for the laser to pass through;

[0007] An optical component, disposed in the channel, for forming an optical path when the laser passes through;

[0008] A first lens is disposed in the channel;

[0009] The first driving mechanism is drivingly connected to the first lens and is used to drive the first lens to enter or move away from the optical path to adjust the beam waist diameter of the laser.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first driving mechanism comprises:

[0011] A mounting member, disposed in the channel and used for mounting the first lens;

[0012] The first motor is arranged outside the base and is drivingly connected to the mounting member. The first motor is used to drive the mounting member to rotate or move so that the first lens enters or moves away from the optical path.

[0013] In some embodiments, the rotating shaft of the first motor is connected to the mounting member, the rotation center of the mounting member is coaxial with the rotating shaft, and the rotation center is perpendicular to the center line of the first lens.

[0014] In some embodiments, the optical assembly includes a first component and a second component disposed on both sides of the first lens.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first component includes a collimating lens and a collimating protection lens, wherein the collimating lens is used to converge stray laser light.

[0016] In some embodiments, the second component includes a focusing lens and a focusing protection lens, and the focusing lens is used to focus the laser after being converged by the collimating lens.

[0017] In some embodiments, the laser processing head further includes a second driving mechanism disposed on the base, wherein the second driving mechanism is drivingly connected to the first component and is used to drive the first component to approach or move away from the second component.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second driving mechanism is provided on a second motor at one side of the base and a linear transmission module drivingly connected to the second motor, and the first component is provided on a moving end of the linear transmission module.

[0019] In some embodiments, the laser processing head further comprises a laser connected to the base.

[0020] The present application also proposes a laser processing device, comprising the above-mentioned laser processing head, and a third driving mechanism drivingly connected to the laser processing head.

[0021] The laser processing head in the present application includes a base, an optical component, a first lens and a first driving mechanism. Among them, a channel for the laser to pass through is provided inside the base; the optical component is arranged in the channel to form an optical path when the laser passes through; the first lens is arranged in the channel and is located on one side of the optical path; the first driving mechanism is connected to the first lens driving, and is used to drive the first lens to enter or move away from the optical path to adjust the waist diameter of the laser. When the first lens is outside the optical path, the waist diameter of the laser when it enters is a numerical value. When the first lens enters the optical path, the divergence angle when it is emitted from the optical component can be changed. At this time, the waist diameter changes accordingly, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the spot diameter of the laser when it is focused, so as to change the energy density of the laser, and can be applied to plates of different materials and sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser processing head in one embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a laser processing head in an embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a first driving mechanism in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a principle diagram of the optical path of a laser processing head in one embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the optical path of a laser processing head in one embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Description of labels:

[0028] 10. Base; 20. Optical component; 21. First component; 22. Second component; 23. First lens; 24. Mounting seat; 30. First driving mechanism; 31. First motor; 32. Mounting piece; 33. Bushing; 41. Second motor; 42. Screw; 43. Nut; 44. Cover plate.

[0029] The purpose, features and advantages of this application will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, the schemes in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments in the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] It should be noted that all directional indications such as up, down, left, right, front, back... in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture as shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0032] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed on" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0033] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0034] This application proposes a laser processing head, referring to Figures 1 to 5 The laser processing head includes: a base 10, which is provided with a channel for laser to pass through; an optical component 20, which is arranged in the channel and is used to form an optical path when the laser passes through; a first lens 23, which is arranged in the channel and is located on one side of the optical path; a first driving mechanism 30, which is connected to the first lens 23 and is used to drive the first lens 23 to enter or move away from the optical path to adjust the beam waist diameter of the laser.

[0035] The laser processing head in the embodiment of the present application includes a base 10, an optical component 20, a first lens 23 and a first driving mechanism 30. Among them, the base 10 is provided with a channel for the laser to pass through; the optical component 20 is arranged in the channel to form an optical path when the laser passes through; the first lens 23 is arranged in the channel and is located on one side of the optical path; the first driving mechanism 30 is connected to the first lens 23 for driving the first lens 23 to enter or leave the optical path to adjust the beam waist diameter of the laser. When the first lens 23 is outside the optical path, the beam waist diameter when the laser enters is a value. When the first lens 23 enters the optical path, the divergence angle when it is emitted from the optical component 20 can be changed. At this time, the beam waist diameter changes accordingly, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the spot diameter of the laser when focusing, so as to change the energy density of the laser, which can be applied to plates of different materials and sizes. The beam waist diameter refers to the minimum cross-sectional diameter of the laser beam during transmission. It is an indicator to measure the focusing ability of the laser beam and also determines the optical density of the laser beam. A smaller beam waist diameter means a higher optical density and a stronger focusing ability. For applications requiring high-precision machining and high resolution, a smaller beam waist diameter is often more advantageous.

[0036] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 5The first driving mechanism 30 includes: a mounting member 32, which is arranged in the channel and is used to mount the first lens 23; a first motor 31, which is arranged outside the base 10 and is drivingly connected to the mounting member 32, and the first motor 31 is used to drive the mounting member 32 to rotate or move. In this embodiment, the mounting member 32 includes an annular frame and a connecting rod connected to the annular frame. The first lens 23 is arranged in the annular frame, and the connecting rod is extended outward from the outer side of the annular frame along the tangent direction. The connecting rod is used to drive and connect with the first motor 31 to drive the mounting member 32 to flip around the connecting rod as the axis. Specifically, the rotating shaft of the first motor 31 can be connected to the mounting member 32, and the rotation center of the mounting member 32 is coaxial with the rotating shaft, and the rotation center is perpendicular to the center line of the first lens 23. In addition, the first motor 31 can be fixedly arranged outside the base 10, and its rotating shaft passes through the base 10 and is connected to the mounting member 32 in the channel. A through hole for the rotating shaft to pass through is provided on the base 10. A bushing 33 is also provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft, and the bushing 33 cooperates with the through hole. A sealing ring is also provided in the bushing 33, and the sealing ring and the rotating shaft are rotatably sealed to prevent oil and impurities from entering the channel and contaminating the optical component 20. The bushing 33 is arranged in the first driving mechanism 30 and adopts a flip driving mode, which can utilize the axial space of the channel of the base 10 and reduce the radial size of the base 10.

[0037] Of course, the connecting rod can also be extended outward along the radial direction of the annular frame, in which case the center line of the first lens 23 is parallel to the rotation axis of the first motor 31, and the rotation axis of the first motor 31 is perpendicular to the connecting rod. The first motor 31 can drive the first lens 23 to rotate on a plane perpendicular to the optical path to cut into or out of the optical path.

[0038] Alternatively, a gear may be provided on the rotating shaft of the first motor 31, and a rack may be provided on the connecting rod, and the first motor 31 rotates to drive the rack and the mounting member 32 to cut into or out of the optical path along a direction perpendicular to the optical path. The first motor 31 may also use an electromagnetic push rod to push the mounting member 32 and the first lens 23 to move to enter or exit the optical path.

[0039] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 5, the optical component 20 includes a first component 21 and a second component 22, which are arranged on both sides of the first lens 23. The incident laser passes through the first component 21 and the second component 22 successively. The first component 21 includes a collimating lens and a collimating protective lens, and the collimating lens is used to converge the stray laser. The second component 22 includes a focusing lens and a focusing protective lens, and the focusing lens is used to focus the laser after being converged by the collimating lens. The first lens 23 can be a concave lens or a convex lens, and its function is to change the divergence angle of the laser entering the second component 22, so as to adjust the size of the beam waist diameter. Of course, in addition to using a collimating lens, the first component 21 can also use a lens group, specifically a combination of a double convex mirror and a meniscus mirror, which can also achieve the collimation effect. The second component 22 also uses a combination of a double convex mirror and a meniscus mirror, which can also achieve the focusing effect. When a single lens is used for collimation or focusing, the curved surface of the convex surface of the lens is relatively complex and the processing cost is relatively high. The method of using a lens group is lower in cost than a single lens.

[0040] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 5 The laser processing head also includes a second driving mechanism disposed on the base 10, and the second driving mechanism is connected to the first component 21 for driving the first component 21 to move closer to or away from the second component 22. By setting the second driving mechanism to drive the first component 21 to move, when the first component 21 is away from the second component 22 and close to the laser light source, the effect of beam contraction can be achieved. When the first component 21 is away from the laser light source and close to the first component 21, the effect of beam expansion is achieved. The so-called beam expansion and beam contraction refer to the expansion or reduction of the diameter of the collimated beam formed by the laser beam after it is emitted from the first component 21. In the actual cutting process, it is mainly used to adjust the focal length of the laser beam after it is emitted from the second component 22, so as to adjust the plates of different thicknesses. When the position of the laser processing head in the Z-axis direction does not change, a longer focal length is used when cutting thin plates, and the focal length is correspondingly reduced when cutting thick plates, so that the focus point is moved up to the middle area in the thickness direction of the thick plate.

[0041] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 5, the second driving mechanism is arranged on the second motor 41 on one side of the base 10 and the linear transmission module driven and connected to the second motor 41, and the first component 21 is arranged at the moving end of the linear transmission module. In this embodiment, the linear transmission module can be a screw 42 transmission module. The second motor 41 is fixedly arranged on the outside of the base 10. At the same time, the screw 42 is arranged parallel to the arrangement direction of the first component 21 and the second component 22, and the above-mentioned first component 21 is connected to the nut 43 on the screw 42, and the nut 43 or the first component 21 is slidably connected to the base 10. The second motor 41 is connected to the screw 42 through a coupling, and the screw 42 can be driven to rotate to drive the nut 43 and the first component 21 to move toward or away from the second component 22 to achieve the effect of focusing. In this embodiment, two nuts 43 can be arranged, and a cover plate 44 is arranged on one side of the two nuts 43. The side wall of the base 10 is provided with a strip hole. The first component 21 is arranged on a mounting seat 24, and one end of the mounting seat 24 is fixedly connected to the cover plate 44 through the strip hole. The cover plate 44 can cover the above-mentioned strip-shaped hole to play a certain sealing role. At the same time, the cover plate 44 fits the side wall of the base 10, so that the mounting seat 24 is slidably connected to the base 10. The use of the screw rod 42 for transmission has high precision and can accurately control the focal length. Of course, the above-mentioned linear transmission module can also adopt a gear rack transmission scheme. Of course, a box cover can also be set on the outside of the base 10 to accommodate the above-mentioned second drive mechanism to play a certain role in sealing protection.

[0042] In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 5 The laser processing head also includes a laser connected to the base 10. The laser can be arranged at the upper end of the base 10 and correspond to the first component 21, or can be arranged on one side of the base 10, and the specific position is not limited. In addition, the laser processing head also includes a cutting nozzle arranged at the lower end of the base 10. After the laser beam is emitted from the second component 22, it is emitted through the cutting nozzle.

[0043] The present application also proposes a laser processing device, comprising the above-mentioned laser processing head, and a third driving mechanism drivingly connected to the laser processing head. The third driving mechanism can be a three-axis orthogonal driving module or a multi-axis manipulator. The laser processing head is arranged at the driving end of the third driving mechanism, and is driven by the third driving mechanism to move according to a set cutting trajectory.

[0044] The working principle of the laser processing head in the present application is as follows: the laser processing head includes a base 10, an optical component 20, a first lens 23 and a first driving mechanism 30. Among them, a channel for the laser to pass through is provided inside the base 10; the optical component 20 is arranged in the channel, and is used to form an optical path when the laser passes through; the first lens 23 is arranged in the channel and is located on one side of the optical path; the first driving mechanism 30 is connected to the first lens 23 for driving the first lens 23 to enter or move away from the optical path to adjust the beam waist diameter of the laser. When the first lens 23 is outside the optical path, the beam waist diameter when the laser enters is a numerical value. When the first lens 23 enters the optical path, the divergence angle when it is emitted from the optical component 20 can be changed. At this time, the beam waist diameter changes accordingly, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the spot diameter of the laser when it is focused, so as to change the energy density of the laser, and can be applied to plates of different materials and sizes.

[0045] The above are only partial or preferred embodiments of the present application. Neither the text nor the drawings can limit the scope of protection of the present application. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the overall concept of the present application, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser processing head, characterized in that: include: A base having a channel inside for the laser to pass through; An optical component, disposed in the channel, for forming an optical path when the laser passes through; A first lens is disposed in the channel; The first driving mechanism is drivingly connected to the first lens and is used to drive the first lens to enter or move away from the optical path to adjust the beam waist diameter of the laser.

2. The laser processing head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism comprises: A mounting member, disposed in the channel and used for mounting the first lens; The first motor is arranged outside the base and is drivingly connected to the mounting member. The first motor is used to drive the mounting member to rotate or move so that the first lens enters or moves away from the optical path.

3. The laser processing head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating shaft of the first motor is connected to the mounting member, the rotation center of the mounting member is coaxial with the rotating shaft, and the rotation center is perpendicular to the center line of the first lens.

4. The laser processing head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical assembly includes a first assembly and a second assembly respectively arranged on both sides of the first lens.

5. The laser processing head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first component includes a collimating lens and a collimating protection lens, and the collimating lens is used to converge stray lasers.

6. The laser processing head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second component includes a focusing lens and a focusing protection lens, and the focusing lens is used to focus the laser after being converged by the collimating lens.

7. The laser processing head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The laser processing head further comprises a second driving mechanism disposed on the base, wherein the second driving mechanism is drivingly connected to the first component and is used for driving the first component to approach or move away from the second component.

8. The laser processing head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism is provided on a second motor at one side of the base and a linear transmission module drivingly connected to the second motor, and the first component is provided on a moving end of the linear transmission module.

9. The laser processing head according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The laser processing head also includes a laser connected to the base.

10. A laser processing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the laser processing head according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and a third driving mechanism drivingly connected to the laser processing head.

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