Reverse connection protection circuit and energy storage power supply

Abstract

The utility model relates to a reverse connection protection circuit and an energy storage power supply. The reverse connection protection circuit comprises a positive electrode connection end, a negative electrode connection end, a reverse connection switching module and a reverse connection detection module. The positive electrode connecting end is used for connecting a first end of a battery, the negative electrode connecting end is used for connecting a second end of the battery, the positive electrode connecting end is connected with a positive voltage end or a negative voltage end of the main circuit through the reverse connection switching module, and the negative electrode connecting end is connected with the negative voltage end or the positive voltage end of the main circuit through the reverse connection switching module; the reverse connection detection module is connected with the reverse connection switching module, and the positive electrode connection end and the negative electrode connection end are both connected with the reverse connection detection module; the reverse connection detection module is used for outputting a first control signal to the reverse connection switching module when reverse connection of the battery is detected; the reverse connection switching module is used for controlling the positive connection end to be connected with the negative voltage end of the main circuit when receiving the first control signal and controlling the negative connection end to be connected with the positive voltage end of the main circuit, so that the circuit is not damaged when the battery is reversely connected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of power electronics technology, and specifically relates to a reverse connection protection circuit and an energy storage power supply. Background Art

[0002] With the introduction of the dual carbon policy, energy storage products have developed rapidly and their functions have become increasingly rich. One of the functions of energy storage products is to charge lead-acid batteries or other energy storage batteries.

[0003] However, when the battery is connected to the energy storage product and the battery is reversely connected, because the battery itself has power, the battery will form a loop with the circuit inside the energy storage product. At this time, even if the energy storage product does not work, it may cause damage to the circuit. Therefore, the reverse connection of the battery is likely to damage the circuit of the energy storage product, and safety is not guaranteed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a reverse connection protection circuit and an energy storage power supply, and the circuit is not damaged when the battery is reversely connected.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a reverse connection protection circuit, which includes: a positive connection terminal, a negative connection terminal, a reverse connection switching module, and a reverse connection detection module; the positive connection terminal is used to connect to the first end of the battery, the negative connection terminal is used to connect to the second end of the battery, the positive connection terminal is connected to the positive voltage terminal or the negative voltage terminal of the main circuit through the reverse connection switching module, the negative connection terminal is connected to the negative voltage terminal or the positive voltage terminal of the main circuit through the reverse connection switching module, the reverse connection detection module is connected to the reverse connection switching module, and both the positive connection terminal and the negative connection terminal are connected to the reverse connection detection module; the reverse connection detection module is used to output a first control signal to the reverse connection switching module when the battery is detected to be reversely connected; the reverse connection switching module is used to control the positive connection terminal to be connected to the negative voltage terminal of the main circuit, and to control the negative connection terminal to be connected to the positive voltage terminal of the main circuit when receiving the first control signal.

[0006] In some embodiments, the reverse connection detection module includes a switch unit and a voltage divider unit; the first end of the switch unit and the first end of the voltage divider unit are both connected to the negative connection end, the second end of the switch unit is connected to the second end of the voltage divider unit, the third end of the voltage divider unit is connected to the positive connection end, and the third end of the switch unit is connected to the positive connection end through the reverse connection switching module; the voltage divider unit is used to output a first voltage signal to the switch unit when the battery is reversely connected to the reverse connection protection circuit; the switch unit is used to turn on when receiving the first voltage signal, and output the first control signal to the reverse connection switching module.

[0007] In some embodiments, the switch unit includes a switch tube Q3 and a diode D1; the drain of the switch tube Q3 and the first end of the voltage divider unit are both connected to the negative electrode connection end, the gate of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the second end of the voltage divider unit, the source of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1, and the negative electrode of the diode D1 is connected to the positive electrode connection end through the reverse switching module.

[0008] In some embodiments, the voltage dividing unit includes a resistor R3 and a resistor R4; the first end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected to the first end of the switch unit and the negative electrode connection end, the second end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected to the first end of the resistor R4 and the second end of the switch unit, and the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive electrode connection end.

[0009] In some embodiments, the reverse connection switching module includes a relay RLY1, and the relay RLY1 includes a first normally closed contact, a second normally closed contact, a first normally open contact, a second normally open contact and a coil; the coil of the relay RLY1 is connected to the reverse connection detection module, the positive connection terminal is connected to the positive voltage terminal of the main circuit through the first normally closed contact, the negative connection terminal is connected to the negative voltage terminal of the main circuit through the second normally closed contact, the positive connection terminal is connected to the negative voltage terminal of the main circuit through the first normally open contact, and the negative connection terminal is connected to the positive voltage terminal of the main circuit through the second normally open contact.

[0010] In some embodiments, the reverse connection protection circuit also includes a reverse connection protection module; the first end of the reverse connection protection module is connected to the negative voltage end of the main circuit, the second end of the reverse connection protection module is connected to the reverse connection switching module, and the controlled end of the reverse connection protection module is connected to the positive voltage end of the main circuit; the reverse connection protection module is used to be turned on when the voltage at the positive voltage end of the main circuit is greater than a first voltage threshold, so that the negative voltage end of the main circuit is connected to the reverse switching module through the reverse connection protection module.

[0011] In some embodiments, the reverse connection protection module includes: a switch tube Q6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R8; the drain of the switch tube Q6 is connected to the reverse connection switching module, the source of the switch tube Q6 is respectively connected to the first end of the resistor R8 and the negative voltage end of the main circuit, the gate of the switch tube Q6 is respectively connected to the second end of the resistor R8 and the first end of the resistor R7, and the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the positive voltage end of the main circuit.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery is connected to the main circuit through the reverse protection circuit; the battery discharges to the main circuit through the reverse protection circuit, or the main circuit charges the battery through the reverse protection circuit.

[0013] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage power supply, which includes a main circuit and the reverse connection protection circuit as described above, and the reverse connection protection circuit is connected to the main circuit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the main circuit includes: a switch tube Q4, a switch tube Q5, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, an inductor L2, and a capacitor C2; the drain of the switch tube Q4 is used to connect to an input power supply, the gate of the switch tube Q4 is connected to a controller through the resistor R5, the source of the switch tube Q4 is respectively connected to the drain of the switch tube Q5 and the first end of the inductor L2, the second end of the inductor L2 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor C2, the gate of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the controller through the resistor R6, the source of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 and is grounded, the second end of the inductor L2 is the positive voltage end of the main circuit, and the source of the switch tube Q5 is the negative voltage end of the main circuit.

[0015] Different from the related art, the present application provides a reverse connection protection circuit, which includes: a positive connection terminal, a negative connection terminal, a reverse connection switching module, and a reverse connection detection module; the positive connection terminal is used to connect the first end of the battery, the negative connection terminal is used to connect the second end of the battery, the positive connection terminal is connected to the positive voltage terminal or the negative voltage terminal of the main circuit through the reverse connection switching module, the negative connection terminal is connected to the negative voltage terminal or the positive voltage terminal of the main circuit through the reverse connection switching module, the reverse connection detection module is connected to the reverse connection switching module, and the positive connection terminal and the negative connection terminal are both connected to the reverse connection detection module; the reverse connection detection module is used to output a first control signal to the reverse connection switching module when the battery is detected to be reversely connected; the reverse connection switching module is used to control the positive connection terminal to be connected to the negative voltage terminal of the main circuit, and control the negative connection terminal to be connected to the positive voltage terminal of the main circuit when receiving the first control signal. In this embodiment, when the battery discharges to the main circuit or the main circuit charges the battery, the battery is connected to the main circuit through the reverse connection switching module, and at the same time, the positive and negative electrodes of the battery are connected to the reverse connection detection module. When the reverse connection switching module detects that the battery is reversely connected, it outputs a first control signal to the reverse connection switching module, and the reverse connection switching module acts based on the first control signal to control the battery to be positively connected to the main circuit. Thus, when the battery is reversely connected to the main circuit, the battery is immediately controlled to be positively connected to the main circuit to protect the circuit from being damaged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by corresponding drawings, which do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, and the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations unless otherwise stated.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a circuit structure diagram of the BUCK circuit;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of an energy storage power supply provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of a reverse connection protection circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a reverse connection protection circuit provided by another embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a reverse connection protection circuit provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and in detail in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0023] The technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present application described below do not conflict with each other and can be combined with each other.

[0024] When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intervening elements may be present therebetween.

[0025] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of the same type, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more.

[0026] One of the functions of energy storage products is to charge lead-acid batteries or other energy storage batteries. Energy storage products can be equipped with a BUCK circuit to charge the battery through the BUCK circuit.

[0027] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the BUCK circuit (step-down conversion circuit). Figure 1 As shown, the BUCK circuit includes a MOS transistor Q1, a MOS transistor Q2, a capacitor R1, a capacitor R2, an inductor L1 and a capacitor C1.

[0028] Specifically, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is used to access the power supply Vin, the source of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the first end of the inductor L1 and the drain of the MOS tube Q2, the second end of the inductor L1 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor C1, the source of the MOS tube Q2 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C1 and grounded, and the gate of the MOS tube Q1 and the gate of the MOS tube Q2 are both connected to a controller (not shown in the figure), and the controller is used to control the on and off of the MOS tube Q1 and the MOS tube Q2.

[0029] When the battery is reversely connected to the BUCK circuit, that is, the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the Vload+ end of the BUCK circuit and the positive electrode of the battery is connected to the Vload- end of the BUCK circuit, because the battery itself has power, when the battery is reversely connected to the BUCK circuit, the battery will form a loop with the body diode of the MOS tube Q2 and the inductor L1, and the impedance of this loop is only the DC impedance of the inductor L1. At this time, if the voltage of the battery is 12V and the DC impedance of the inductor L1 is 50mΩ, the current of this loop is 240A, which is enough to burn out the MOS tube Q2. In addition, the capacitor C1 in the BUCK circuit is an electrolytic capacitor, which will be damaged when reversely connected, and even cause the electrolytic capacitor to bulge and explode. Therefore, when the battery is connected to the BUCK circuit and reversely connected, the BUCK circuit will not work and will also cause damage to the BUCK circuit.

[0030] From the above, it can be seen that reverse connection of batteries will cause destructive damage to the circuit of energy storage products, making the safety and reliability of the circuit not guaranteed.

[0031] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 It is a structural block diagram of an energy storage power supply 100 provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0032] The present application embodiment provides an energy storage power supply 100, such as Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage power supply 100 includes a main circuit 20 and a reverse connection protection circuit 10 as described below, and the reverse connection protection circuit 10 is connected to the main circuit 20.

[0033] In some embodiments, the battery 200 is connected to the main circuit 20 via the reverse connection protection circuit 10 .

[0034] Specifically, the battery 200 can discharge to the main circuit 20 through the reverse connection protection circuit 10 , or the main circuit 20 can charge the battery 200 through the reverse connection protection circuit 10 .

[0035] When the main circuit 20 is connected to a load, the battery 200 discharges to the main circuit 20 through the reverse protection circuit 10. When the main circuit 20 is connected to an input power source and outputs power to the battery, the main circuit 20 charges the battery 200 through the reverse protection circuit.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, when the battery 200 is reversely connected, the reverse connection protection circuit 10 can protect the main circuit 20 from being damaged.

[0037] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 It is a structural block diagram of a reverse connection protection circuit provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0038] The embodiment of the present application provides a reverse connection protection circuit 10, such as Figure 3 As shown, the reverse connection protection circuit 10 includes: a positive connection terminal Vload+, a negative connection terminal Vload−, a reverse connection switching module 12 , and a reverse connection detection module 11 .

[0039] Specifically, the positive connection terminal Vload+ is used to connect the first end of the battery 200, the negative connection terminal Vload- is used to connect the second end of the battery 200, the positive connection terminal Vload+ is connected to the positive voltage terminal A+ or the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20 through the reverse switching module 12, the negative connection terminal Vload- is connected to the negative voltage terminal A- or the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20 through the reverse switching module 12, the reverse detection module 11 is connected to the reverse switching module 12, and the positive connection terminal Vload+ and the negative connection terminal Vload- are both connected to the reverse detection module 11.

[0040] When the reverse connection detection module 11 detects that the battery 200 is reversely connected, the reverse connection detection module 11 outputs a first control signal to the reverse connection switching module 12. Subsequently, when the reverse connection switching module 12 receives the first control signal, the reverse connection switching module 12 controls the positive connection terminal Vload+ to be connected to the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20, and controls the negative connection terminal Vload- to be connected to the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20.

[0041] It should be noted that the reverse connection of the battery 200 means that the negative electrode of the battery 200 is connected to the positive electrode connection terminal Vload+ and the positive electrode of the battery 200 is connected to the negative electrode connection terminal Vload-, that is, the first end of the battery 200 is the negative electrode of the battery 200 and the second end of the battery 200 is the positive electrode of the battery 200. The forward connection of the battery 200 means that the negative electrode of the battery 200 is connected to the positive electrode connection terminal Vload+ and the positive electrode of the battery 200 is connected to the negative electrode connection terminal Vload-, that is, the first end of the battery 200 is the positive electrode of the battery 200 and the second end of the battery 200 is the negative electrode of the battery 200.

[0042] The positive connection of the battery 200 to the main circuit 20 means that the positive electrode of the battery 200 is connected to the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20 through the reverse connection protection circuit 10, and the negative electrode of the battery 200 is connected to the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20 through the reverse connection protection circuit 10. The reverse connection of the battery 200 to the main circuit 20 means that the positive electrode of the battery 200 is connected to the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20 through the reverse connection protection circuit 10, and the negative electrode of the battery 200 is connected to the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20 through the reverse connection protection circuit 10.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the battery 200 discharges to the main circuit 20 or the main circuit 20 charges the battery 200, the battery 200 will be connected to the main circuit 20 through the reverse connection switching module 12, and at the same time, the positive and negative electrodes of the battery 200 will be connected to the reverse connection detection module 11. When the reverse connection switching module 11 detects that the battery 200 is reversely connected, it outputs a first control signal to the reverse connection switching module 12, and the reverse connection switching module 12 acts based on the first control signal to control the battery 200 to be positively connected to the main circuit 20. Therefore, when the battery 200 is reversely connected to the main circuit 20, the battery 200 is immediately controlled to be positively connected to the main circuit 20 to protect the circuit from being damaged.

[0044] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is a structural block diagram of a reverse connection protection circuit provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the reverse connection protection circuit 10 also includes a reverse connection protection module 13. Specifically, a first end of the reverse connection protection module 13 is connected to the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20, a second end of the reverse connection protection module 13 is connected to the reverse connection switching module 12, and a controlled end of the reverse connection protection module 13 is connected to the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20.

[0046] The reverse connection protection module 13 is used to be turned on when the voltage at the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20 is greater than a first voltage threshold, so that the negative voltage terminal A− of the main circuit 20 is connected to the reverse connection switching module 12 through the reverse connection protection module 13 .

[0047] In this embodiment, it takes some time (such as relay response time) for the reverse connection detection module 11 to detect that the battery 200 is reversely connected to the reverse connection detection module 11 and control the reverse connection switching module 12 to complete the action. Therefore, the reverse connection protection module 13 provided in this embodiment can control the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20 to be connected to the reverse connection switching module 12 only after the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20 is powered on and the voltage reaches the first voltage threshold. When the reverse connection detection module 11 and the reverse connection switching module 12 have not completed the action, the reverse connection protection module 13 controls the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20 to be disconnected from the reverse connection switching module, thereby ensuring the safety of the circuit.

[0048] It should be noted that the first voltage threshold is determined by the components in the reverse connection protection module 13 and the connection relationship between the components.

[0049] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the reverse connection detection module 11 includes a switch unit 112 and a voltage divider unit 111. Specifically, the first end of the switch unit 112 and the first end of the voltage divider unit 111 are both connected to the negative electrode connection terminal Vload-, the second end of the switch unit 112 is connected to the second end of the voltage divider unit 111, the third end of the voltage divider unit 111 is connected to the positive electrode connection terminal Vload+, and the third end of the switch unit 112 is connected to the positive electrode connection terminal Vload+ through the reverse connection switching module 12.

[0050] The voltage dividing unit 111 is used to output a first voltage signal to the switch unit 112 when the battery 200 is reversely connected to the reverse connection protection circuit 10. The switch unit 112 is used to conduct upon receiving the first voltage signal and output a first control signal to the reverse connection switching module 12.

[0051] When the main circuit 200 charges the battery 200 through the reverse connection protection circuit 10, the specific structure of the main circuit is as follows Figure 5 See Figure 5 , Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a reverse connection protection circuit provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0052] In some embodiments, the main circuit 20 includes: a switch tube Q4, a switch tube Q5, a resistor R5, a resistor R6, an inductor L2, and a capacitor C2.

[0053] Specifically, the drain of the switch tube Q4 is used to connect to the input power supply Vin, the gate of the switch tube Q4 is connected to the controller through the resistor R5, the source of the switch tube Q4 is respectively connected to the drain of the switch tube Q5 and the first end of the inductor L2, the second end of the inductor L2 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor C2, the gate of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the controller through the resistor R6, the source of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 and grounded, the second end of the inductor L2 is the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20, and the source of the switch tube Q5 is the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20.

[0054] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the switch unit 112 includes a switch tube Q3 and a diode D1.

[0055] Specifically, the drain of the switch tube Q3 and the first end of the voltage divider unit 111 are both connected to the negative connection terminal Vload-, the gate of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the second end of the voltage divider unit 111, the source of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1, and the negative electrode of the diode D1 is connected to the positive connection terminal Vload+ through the reverse switching module 12.

[0056] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the voltage dividing unit 111 includes a resistor R3 and a resistor R4.

[0057] Specifically, the first end of the resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the switch unit 112 and the negative connection terminal Vload-, respectively, the second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the resistor R4 and the second end of the switch unit 112, respectively, and the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive connection terminal Vload+.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the reverse connection switching module 12 includes a relay RLY1, and the relay RLY1 includes a first normally closed contact, a second normally closed contact, a first normally open contact, a second normally open contact and a coil. Among them, the first normally closed contact refers to contact 5 and contact 4 of the relay PLY1, the second normally closed contact refers to contact 8 and contact 7 of the relay PLY1, the first normally open contact refers to contact 5 and contact 3 of the relay PLY1, and the second normally open contact refers to contact 8 and contact 6 of the relay PLY1.

[0059] Specifically, the coil of relay RLY1 is connected to the reverse connection detection module 11, the positive connection terminal Vload+ is connected to the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20 through the first normally closed contact, the negative connection terminal Vload- is connected to the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20 through the second normally closed contact, the positive connection terminal Vload+ is connected to the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20 through the first normally open contact, and the negative connection terminal Vload- is connected to the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20 through the second normally open contact.

[0060] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the reverse connection protection module 13 includes: a switch tube Q6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R8.

[0061] Specifically, the drain of the switch tube Q6 is connected to the reverse connection switching module 12, the source of the switch tube Q6 is respectively connected to the first end of the resistor R8 and the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20, the gate of the switch tube Q6 is respectively connected to the second end of the resistor R8 and the first end of the resistor R7, and the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20. In this way, when the positive voltage terminal of the main circuit 20 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the switch tube Q6 is turned on, so that it can play a protective role at the moment of reverse connection of the battery.

[0062] The following Figure 5 The circuit of FIG. 1 illustrates the working principle of the reverse connection protection circuit 10 .

[0063] When the main circuit 20 is connected to the input power supply Vin and the circuit is not connected to the battery 200, the voltage of the positive connection terminal Vload+ is equal to the voltage of the positive voltage terminal A+, so the switch tube Q6 is turned on. Therefore, the negative connection terminal Vload- is the reference ground. At this time, since the voltage of the positive connection terminal Vload+ is positive, the switch tube Q3 is not turned on, and due to the presence of the diode D1, the coil of the relay RLY1 cannot form a current loop, and the relay RLY1 does not work. The relay RLY1 keeps the contact 5 connected to the contact 4 and the contact 8 connected to the contact 7, so as not to affect the main circuit 20. Among them, the diode D1 plays an important role. Without this diode D1, the coil of the relay RLY1 can form a loop through the body diode of the switch tube Q3, and the relay works, resulting in reverse connection.

[0064] When the reverse connection protection circuit 10 is connected to the battery 200 and the battery 200 is connected forwardly, the voltage of the positive connection terminal Vload+ is a positive voltage (the voltage of the battery 200 itself), so the switch tube Q6 is turned on. Therefore, the negative connection terminal Vload- is the reference ground. At this time, since the voltage of the positive connection terminal Vload+ is positive, the switch tube Q3 is not turned on, and due to the presence of the diode D1, the coil of the relay RLY1 cannot form a current loop, the relay RLY1 does not work, and the relay RLY1 keeps the contact 5 connected to the contact 4 and the contact 8 connected to the contact 7. Then, the main circuit 20 can be connected to the input power supply Vin to charge the battery 200 normally.

[0065] When the reverse connection protection circuit 10 is connected to the battery 200 and the battery 200 is reversely connected, the positive connection terminal Vload+ is the reference ground, and the negative connection terminal Vload- is the positive voltage (the voltage of the battery 200 itself). Since the gate voltage of the switch tube Q3 is the voltage after the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 divide the voltage, the switch tube Q3 is turned on, and the coil of the relay RLY1 forms a current loop with the diode D1 and the switch tube Q3. Thus, the relay RLY1 works, the contact 5 of the relay RLY1 is connected to the contact 3, and the contact 8 is connected to the contact 6, then the voltage of the positive voltage terminal A+ is equal to the voltage of the negative connection terminal Vload- (the voltage of the battery 200 itself), and the switch tube Q6 is turned on. Then, the main circuit 20 can be connected to the input power supply Vin to charge the battery 200 normally.

[0066] Among them, the switch tube Q6 plays an important role in the reverse connection protection circuit 10. Because it takes a certain amount of time for the relay PLY1 to respond to the switching contact, the switch tube Q6 can open the battery 200 and the main circuit 20 before the relay PLY1 responds to the switching, thereby ensuring the safety of the circuit; if there is no such switch tube Q6, the battery 200 will form a loop with the body diode of the switch tube Q5 and the inductor L2 before the relay PLY1 responds to the switching, causing circuit damage.

[0067] It should be noted that Figure 5 The specific circuit of the main circuit 20 is exemplarily shown when the main circuit 20 is connected to the input power supply Vin and charges the battery through the reverse connection protection circuit 10.

[0068] In other embodiments, the main circuit 20 may be a load or other device that needs to obtain power from a battery. When the main circuit 20 is a load, the positive voltage terminal A+ of the main circuit 20 is the positive electrode of the load, and the negative voltage terminal A- of the main circuit 20 is the negative electrode of the load. When the main circuit 20 is a load or other device that needs to obtain power from a battery, the specific circuit of the reverse connection protection circuit can be referred to Figure 5 .

[0069] The embodiment of the present application provides a reverse connection protection circuit 10, which includes: a positive connection terminal Vload+, a negative connection terminal Vload-, a reverse connection switching module 12, and a reverse connection detection module 11. In this embodiment, when the battery 200 discharges to the main circuit 20 or the main circuit 20 charges the battery 200, the battery 200 will be connected to the main circuit 20 through the reverse connection switching module 12, and at the same time, the positive and negative electrodes of the battery 200 will be connected to the reverse connection detection module 11. When the reverse connection switching module 11 detects that the battery 200 is reversely connected, it outputs a first control signal to the reverse connection switching module 12, and the reverse connection switching module 12 acts based on the first control signal to control the battery 200 to be positively connected to the main circuit 20. Therefore, when the battery 200 is reversely connected to the main circuit 20, the battery 200 is immediately controlled to be positively connected to the main circuit 20 to protect the circuit from being damaged.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Based on the idea of ​​the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may also be combined, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A reverse connection protection circuit, characterized in that: The reverse connection protection circuit comprises: a positive connection terminal, a negative connection terminal, a reverse connection switching module, and a reverse connection detection module; The positive connection terminal is used to connect the first end of the battery, the negative connection terminal is used to connect the second end of the battery, the positive connection terminal is connected to the positive voltage terminal or the negative voltage terminal of the main circuit through the reverse connection switching module, the negative connection terminal is connected to the negative voltage terminal or the positive voltage terminal of the main circuit through the reverse connection switching module, the reverse connection detection module is connected to the reverse connection switching module, and the positive connection terminal and the negative connection terminal are both connected to the reverse connection detection module; The reverse connection detection module is used to output a first control signal to the reverse connection switching module when detecting that the battery is reversely connected; The reverse connection switching module is used to control the positive connection terminal to be connected to the negative voltage terminal of the main circuit when receiving the first control signal, and to control the negative connection terminal to be connected to the positive voltage terminal of the main circuit.

2. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse connection detection module includes a switch unit and a voltage dividing unit; The first end of the switch unit and the first end of the voltage dividing unit are both connected to the negative electrode connection end, the second end of the switch unit is connected to the second end of the voltage dividing unit, the third end of the voltage dividing unit is connected to the positive electrode connection end, and the third end of the switch unit is connected to the positive electrode connection end through the reverse connection switching module; The voltage dividing unit is used to output a first voltage signal to the switch unit when the battery is reversely connected to the reverse connection protection circuit; The switch unit is configured to be turned on upon receiving the first voltage signal, and output the first control signal to the reverse connection switching module.

3. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switch unit includes a switch tube Q3 and a diode D1; The drain of the switch tube Q3 and the first end of the voltage divider unit are both connected to the negative electrode connection end, the gate of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the second end of the voltage divider unit, the source of the switch tube Q3 is connected to the positive electrode of the diode D1, and the negative electrode of the diode D1 is connected to the positive electrode connection end through the reverse switching module.

4. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The voltage dividing unit includes a resistor R3 and a resistor R4; The first end of the resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the switch unit and the negative electrode connection end respectively, the second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the first end of the resistor R4 and the second end of the switch unit respectively, and the second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the positive electrode connection end.

5. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse connection switching module includes a relay RLY1, and the relay RLY1 includes a first normally closed contact, a second normally closed contact, a first normally open contact, a second normally open contact and a coil; The coil of the relay RLY1 is connected to the reverse connection detection module, the positive connection end is connected to the positive voltage end of the main circuit through the first normally closed contact, the negative connection end is connected to the negative voltage end of the main circuit through the second normally closed contact, the positive connection end is connected to the negative voltage end of the main circuit through the first normally open contact, and the negative connection end is connected to the positive voltage end of the main circuit through the second normally open contact.

6. The reverse connection protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The reverse connection protection circuit also includes a reverse connection protection module; The first end of the reverse connection protection module is connected to the negative voltage end of the main circuit, the second end of the reverse connection protection module is connected to the reverse connection switching module, and the controlled end of the reverse connection protection module is connected to the positive voltage end of the main circuit; The reverse connection protection module is used to be turned on when the voltage at the positive voltage end of the main circuit is greater than a first voltage threshold, so that the negative voltage end of the main circuit is connected to the reverse connection switching module through the reverse connection protection module.

7. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reverse connection protection module includes: a switch tube Q6, a resistor R7 and a resistor R8; The drain of the switch tube Q6 is connected to the reverse switching module, the source of the switch tube Q6 is respectively connected to the first end of the resistor R8 and the negative voltage end of the main circuit, the gate of the switch tube Q6 is respectively connected to the second end of the resistor R8 and the first end of the resistor R7, and the second end of the resistor R7 is connected to the positive voltage end of the main circuit.

8. The reverse connection protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery is connected to the main circuit via the reverse connection protection circuit; The battery discharges to the main circuit through the reverse connection protection circuit, or the main circuit charges the battery through the reverse connection protection circuit.

9. An energy storage power supply, characterized in that: The energy storage power supply comprises a main circuit and a reverse connection protection circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the reverse connection protection circuit is connected to the main circuit.

10. The energy storage power supply according to claim 9, characterized in that: The main circuit comprises: Switch tube Q4, switch tube Q5, resistor R5, resistor R6, inductor L2, capacitor C2; The drain of the switch tube Q4 is used to connect to the input power supply, the gate of the switch tube Q4 is connected to the controller through the resistor R5, the source of the switch tube Q4 is respectively connected to the drain of the switch tube Q5 and the first end of the inductor L2, the second end of the inductor L2 is connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor C2, the gate of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the controller through the resistor R6, the source of the switch tube Q5 is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor C2 and grounded, the second end of the inductor L2 is the positive voltage end of the main circuit, and the source of the switch tube Q5 is the negative voltage end of the main circuit.

Images