Airborne short-wave slot antenna integrated with lightning rod function

Abstract

The utility model discloses an airborne short-wave slot antenna integrated with a lightning rod function. The airborne short-wave slot antenna comprises an antenna part and a lightning rod part, the antenna part is an L-shaped slot; the horizontal part of the L-shaped slot is parallel to the fuselage, and the vertical part of the L-shaped slot is parallel to the front edge of the empennage of the airplane; one end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped slot is connected with the antenna port, and the lightning rod part and the antenna port are arranged side by side; and the lightning rod part is fixedly and electrically connected with the L-shaped slot. According to the airborne short-wave slot antenna, the lightning rod and the airborne short-wave slot antenna are integrally designed, miniaturization, light weight and low-cost design of an airborne short-wave communication system are facilitated, the airborne short-wave slot antenna is easy to install and maintain, and the reliability and stability of the airborne short-wave communication system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of airborne radio antennas, in particular to an airborne shortwave slot antenna with an integrated lightning rod function. Background Art

[0002] Shortwave communication is one of the most important means of communication for medium and long distance communications, and shortwave equipment is also indispensable equipment for airborne communications. Airborne shortwave slot antennas are generally conformal to the vertical tail of the aircraft and have the advantage of low aerodynamic drag. When the aircraft is in flight, the vertical tail of the aircraft has a tip discharge effect and is easily struck by lightning, so it is necessary to add lightning protection equipment to the antenna port. In order to protect shortwave communication equipment, it is usually necessary to install lightning arresters on the antenna and feeder system. However, existing airborne shortwave antenna lightning arresters have the disadvantages of heavy weight and high installation and maintenance costs. Among the existing airborne shortwave antennas, for example, in the patent document entitled Aircraft Vertical Tail Conformal Embedded Shortwave Antenna with application number 202111563703.1, a U-shaped slot antenna is proposed to adapt to the aircraft's external dimensions, but the antenna structure does not consider the installation of lightning protection equipment.

[0003] Therefore, the present application provides an airborne shortwave slot antenna with an integrated lightning rod function, which can not only meet the installation problem of the airborne shortwave antenna, but also solve the lightning protection problem of the airborne antenna equipment. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an airborne shortwave slot antenna with an integrated lightning rod function. A lightning rod is integrated on the airborne slot antenna. When the tail wing of the aircraft is struck by lightning, the gas in the gap is broken down by the induced voltage due to the tip discharge effect, and the lightning current is discharged to the aircraft fuselage, thereby realizing lightning protection for the antenna port.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides an airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function, comprising an antenna part and a lightning rod part; the antenna part is an L-shaped slot; the horizontal part of the L-shaped slot is parallel to the fuselage, and the vertical part of the L-shaped slot is parallel to the front edge of the aircraft tail; one end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped slot is connected to the antenna port, and the lightning rod part is arranged side by side with the antenna port; the lightning rod part is fixedly connected and electrically connected to the L-shaped slot.

[0006] Further preferably, the antenna port is a coaxial cable port or an aviation plug, the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to one end of the L-shaped slot, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the other end of the L-shaped slot.

[0007] Further preferably, the lightning rod part includes a first lightning rod and a second lightning rod that are symmetrically arranged; the bottom of the first lightning rod is connected to one end of the L-shaped slot, and the bottom of the second lightning rod is connected to the other end of the L-shaped slot.

[0008] Further preferably, a tip gap is provided between the first lightning rod and the second lightning rod.

[0009] Further preferably, the lightning rod part further includes a protective sleeve, and the first lightning rod and the second lightning rod are symmetrically arranged in the protective sleeve.

[0010] Further preferably, the lightning rod portion is welded on the L-shaped slot.

[0011] Further preferably, the lightning rod portion is riveted on the L-shaped slot.

[0012] The airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function disclosed in the present application has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0013] Two symmetrically placed lightning rods are set in the slot of the airborne shortwave slot antenna. According to the tip discharge principle, the integrated design of the lightning rod and the airborne shortwave slot antenna is realized, which is not only conducive to the miniaturization, lightweight and low-cost design of the airborne shortwave communication system, but also easy to install and maintain, thus improving the reliability and stability of the airborne shortwave communication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function provided by the utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A part;

[0016] Figure 3 The voltage pulse waveform diagram during the simulation test;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a waveform diagram of the induced voltage change at the antenna port during the simulation test of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a waveform diagram of the induced voltage change at the antenna port during the simulation test of the existing airborne shortwave antenna;

[0019] In the figure:

[0020] 1. Lightning strike point; 2. Aircraft tail; 3. L-shaped slot; 4. Lightning rod part; 5. Antenna port; 6. Aircraft fuselage part; 41. First lightning rod; 42. Second lightning rod; 43. Protective cover; 401. Top of lightning rod; 402. Bottom of lightning rod; 403. Needle tip gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, an airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function provided by an embodiment of the utility model on one hand comprises an antenna part and a lightning rod part 4; the antenna part is an L-shaped slot 3; the horizontal part of the L-shaped slot 3 is parallel to the fuselage, and the vertical part of the L-shaped slot 3 is parallel to the front edge of the aircraft tail 2; one end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped slot 3 is connected to the antenna port 5, and the lightning rod part 4 is arranged side by side with the antenna port; the lightning rod part 4 is connected to the L-shaped slot 3 by a wire.

[0023] The antenna port is a coaxial line port or an aviation plug, the inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to one end of the L-shaped slot, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the other end of the L-shaped slot.

[0024] The lightning rod part 4 includes a first lightning rod 41 and a second lightning rod 42 symmetrically arranged; the lightning rod bottom 402 of the first lightning rod 41 is connected to one end of the L-shaped slot, and the lightning rod bottom 402 of the second lightning rod 42 is connected to the other end of the L-shaped slot.

[0025] A needle tip gap 403 is provided between the first lightning rod 41 and the second lightning rod 42. The lightning rod part 4 further comprises a protective sleeve 43 tube, in which the first lightning rod 41 and the second lightning rod 42 are symmetrically arranged.

[0026] as follows Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment, the aircraft vertical tail is 3 meters high and 2 meters wide. The shortwave working frequency band is 2MHz to 30MHz. The available space is the front edge of the aircraft vertical tail. The design requires that the shortwave slot antenna and the front edge of the vertical tail are conformal. According to the above requirements, the shape of the airborne shortwave slot antenna is designed to be an L-shaped slot 3. The parameters such as the width and length of the L-shaped slot 3 are optimized by the existing commonly used electromagnetic simulation software to obtain the optimized parameters. The horizontal part of the L-shaped slot 3 is parallel to the fuselage and has a length of 0.5 meters. The vertical part of the L-shaped slot 3 is parallel to the front edge of the tail and has a length of 2.5 meters. The total length of the L-shaped slot 3 is 3 meters, and the slot width is 0.2 meters.

[0027] The antenna port 5 is located at the bottom of the L-shaped slot 3. The antenna port 5 is a coaxial line port. The inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to one end of the L-shaped slot 3 of the airborne shortwave slot antenna, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the other end of the L-shaped slot 3. The two ends of the L-shaped slot 3 of the lightning rod and the shortwave slot antenna are connected. The connection method can be selected in the form of welding, plugging, riveting, etc., and it can be preferably achieved by integrated structural design and processing. When the tail wing 2 of the aircraft is struck by lightning, the gas in the gap is broken down by the induced voltage due to the tip discharge effect, and the lightning current is discharged to the fuselage of the aircraft, thereby realizing lightning protection for the antenna port 5. The discharge gap of the lightning rod is as small as possible under the conditions permitted by the production and manufacturing process. A smaller discharge gap can reduce the conduction voltage of the discharge gap of the lightning rod, thereby realizing protection for the antenna port 5.

[0028] The lightning rod can be implemented by using a symmetrical first lightning rod 41 and a second lightning rod 42, with the tips of the lightning rods facing each other, such as Figure 2 The design parameters of the lightning rod are optimized through electromagnetic simulation. The diameter of the bottom 2 of the lightning rod is 40 mm, the diameter of the top 401 of the lightning rod is 5 mm, the gap between the lightning rod tips is 0.1 mm, the height of the lightning rod is 99.95 mm, and the symmetrical lightning rod is fixed by the protective cover 43 tube. The protective cover 43 tube is made of non-metallic material, and polytetrafluoroethylene can be selected.

[0029] A single lightning rod can also be used, such as Figure 3 The design parameters of the lightning rod are optimized through electromagnetic simulation. The bottom diameter of the lightning rod is 40 mm, the top diameter of the lightning rod is 5 mm, the gap between the lightning rod and the L-shaped slot 3 is 0.1 mm, and the height of a single lightning rod is 199.9 mm. The protective sleeve 43 is fixed, and the protective sleeve 43 is made of non-metallic material, and polytetrafluoroethylene can be selected.

[0030] The lightning strike point 1 uses a pulse voltage waveform to simulate a lightning strike, with a pulse voltage duration of 50us, a voltage rise time of 1us, a voltage half-decay time of 25us, and a maximum voltage of 100 kV. The voltage pulse waveform is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the vertical axis is in volts and the horizontal axis is in microseconds. The maximum induced voltage of the airborne shortwave antenna port 5 with integrated lightning rod function is 1500 volts. For comparison, the airborne shortwave slot antenna with the same antenna design but without the lightning rod was simulated, and its maximum induced voltage was 11500 volts. The lightning rod reduces the induced voltage of the antenna port 5 by 87%, effectively protecting the shortwave communication equipment connected to the antenna port 5.

[0031] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from them are still within the protection scope of the invention of the utility model.

Claims

1. An airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function, characterized in that: It includes an antenna part and a lightning rod part; the antenna part is an L-shaped slot; the horizontal part of the L-shaped slot is parallel to the fuselage, and the vertical part of the L-shaped slot is parallel to the front edge of the aircraft tail; one end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped slot is connected to the antenna port, and the lightning rod part is arranged side by side with the antenna port; the lightning rod part is fixedly connected to the L-shaped slot and is electrically connected.

2. The airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna port is a coaxial line port or an aviation plug, the inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to one end of the L-shaped slot, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the other end of the L-shaped slot.

3. The airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lightning rod part is composed of a first lightning rod and a second lightning rod symmetrically arranged; the bottom of the first lightning rod is connected to one end of the L-shaped slot, and the bottom of the second lightning rod is connected to the other end of the L-shaped slot.

4. The airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function according to claim 3, characterized in that: A needle tip gap for tip discharge is arranged between the first lightning rod and the second lightning rod.

5. The airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lightning rod part further comprises a protective sleeve, in which the first lightning rod and the second lightning rod are symmetrically arranged.

6. The airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lightning rod part is welded on the L-shaped slot.

7. The airborne shortwave slot antenna with integrated lightning rod function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lightning rod portion is riveted on the L-shaped slot.

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