Circularly polarized ultra-wideband microstrip patch antenna based on metasurface
By adopting a combined structure of metasurface and low loss dielectric foam layer in circular polarized antennas, the problems of narrow bandwidth and polarization mismatch are solved, and broadband characteristics and high gain under low profile conditions are achieved, which significantly improves the antenna impedance matching performance and gain flatness.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421224048.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-31
Smart Images
Figure CN222338488U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of antennas, and in particular relates to a circularly polarized ultra-wideband antenna based on a metasurface. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless communication system theory and related applications, people have higher and higher requirements on antenna performance. Circularly polarized antennas have been widely used in modern wireless communication systems due to their flexibility in signal transmission direction and stable and reliable signal transmission and reception. When designing circularly polarized antennas, single-fed circularly polarized antennas are popular for their good performance and simple and compact structure. However, circularly polarized antennas have disadvantages such as narrow bandwidth and limitation of 3dB axial ratio bandwidth. With the rapid development of the field of metasurfaces in recent years, when metasurfaces are combined with microstrip patches, circularly polarized antennas based on metasurfaces can not only solve the polarization mismatch problem in multipath environments, but also achieve broadband characteristics under low-profile conditions, as well as wider AR bandwidth and higher gain under low-profile conditions. In many modern antenna designs, in order to improve the accuracy and flexibility of the system, chip antennas have also attracted people's attention, which requires the design of ultra-wideband low-profile circularly polarized microstrip patch antennas based on metasurfaces. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to overcome the defects mentioned in the background technology and provide a circularly polarized ultra-wideband antenna based on a metasurface.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a circularly polarized ultra-wideband antenna based on a metasurface, comprising: a dielectric substrate one, a low-loss dielectric foam, a dielectric substrate two, a metal stratum, a metasurface, a slotted circular patch, a metallized through hole and a feeding port; the slotted circular patch is arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate one, a low-loss dielectric foam is arranged between the dielectric substrate one and the dielectric substrate two, and the metasurface is arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate two; the metal stratum is located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate one and is etched with four rectangular grooves, the metallized through hole is used to connect the slotted circular patch and the metal stratum, and the metallized through hole forms a feeding port through a coaxial line.
[0005] Preferably, the metasurface is composed of a 4×4 array of truncated square metal patches.
[0006] Preferably, the dielectric substrate 1 is a Rogers 5880 dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent angle tanδ=0.0011, and a thickness h 1 =1.5mm, width W=48mm, length L=48mm.
[0007] Preferably, the dielectric constant of the low-loss dielectric foam is 1.06, the loss tangent angle tanδ=0.0011, and the thickness h 2 =1.5mm, width is W=48mm, length is L=48mm.
[0008] Preferably, the dielectric substrate 2 is a Taconic FF-26D dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.6, a loss tangent angle tanδ=0.0014, and a thickness h 3 =0.2mm, width W=48mm, length L=48mm.
[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0010] The structure is simple. In addition to the simple structure of the radiation patch, the impedance bandwidth and circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna are widened by using a simple metasurface and defective ground structure; low profile, dielectric substrate 1, dielectric substrate 2 and low-loss dielectric foam layer are directly stacked to make the antenna profile lower; widening the impedance bandwidth, by etching 4 identical rectangular grooves in the metal stratum, where the angle between each rectangular groove is 90°, more resonance points are generated. In addition, after adding the metasurface, the impedance matching performance of the antenna is significantly enhanced, and new resonance points are added, thereby widening the impedance bandwidth of the antenna; widening the axial ratio bandwidth, after adding the metasurface, due to the propagation of surface waves on the metasurface, additional axial ratio minimum points will be generated, thereby widening the axial ratio bandwidth; improving the gain flatness, a low-loss dielectric foam layer is added between dielectric substrate 1 and dielectric substrate 2, and the height of the foam itself can increase the radiation area of the antenna gain, and synergize with the metasurface to effectively improve the gain flatness of the antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure provided by the utility model;
[0012] Figure 2 A second top view of the dielectric substrate provided by the utility model;
[0013] Figure 3 A top view of a dielectric substrate provided by the utility model;
[0014] Figure 4 A lower surface of a dielectric substrate provided by the utility model;
[0015] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the antenna provided by the utility model;
[0016] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the S11 parameters of the antenna provided by the utility model;
[0017] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the axial ratio parameters of the antenna provided by the utility model;
[0018] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the left-handed and right-handed circular polarization gains of the antenna provided by the utility model;
[0019] Fig. 9 The radiation pattern of the antenna provided by the utility model at the 5.0 GHz frequency point in the xoz plane;
[0020] Fig.10 The radiation pattern of the antenna provided by the utility model in the yoz plane at a frequency of 5.0 GHz;
[0021] Fig.11 The radiation pattern of the antenna provided by the utility model at the 5.7 GHz frequency point in the xoz plane;
[0022] Fig.12 The utility model provides a radiation pattern of the antenna in the yoz plane at a frequency of 5.7 GHz.
[0023] In the picture
[0024] 1. Dielectric substrate one: 2. Low-loss dielectric foam; 3. Dielectric substrate two; 4. Metal formation; 5. Metasurface; 6. Slotted circular patch; 7. Feed port; 8. Metallized through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the utility model and are not intended to limit the present application. Based on the experimental examples in this application, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0026] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the present application provides a circularly polarized ultra-wideband microstrip patch antenna based on a metasurface, comprising: a dielectric substrate 1, a low-loss dielectric foam 2, a dielectric substrate 2 3, a metal stratum 4, a metasurface 5, a slotted circular patch 6, a metallized through-hole 7 and a feeding port 8; the slotted circular patch 6 is arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 1, a low-loss dielectric foam 2 is arranged between the dielectric substrate 1 and the dielectric substrate 2 3, and the metasurface 5 is arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 2 3; the metal stratum 4 is located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and four rectangular grooves are etched thereon, the metallized through-hole 7 is used to connect the slotted circular patch 6 and the metal stratum 4, and the metallized through-hole 7 forms a feeding port 8 through a coaxial line.
[0027] The metasurface consists of a 4×4 array of truncated square metal patches.
[0028] The dielectric substrate 1 adopts Rogers 5880 dielectric substrate, with a dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent angle tanδ = 0.0011, and a thickness of h 1 =1.5mm, width W=48mm, length L=48mm.
[0029] The dielectric constant of the low-loss dielectric foam 2 is 1.06, the loss tangent angle tanδ=0.0011, and the thickness h 2 =1.5mm, width is W=48mm, length is L=48mm.
[0030] The dielectric substrate 23 is Taconic FF-26D dielectric substrate, with a dielectric constant of 2.6, a loss tangent angle tanδ = 0.0014, and a thickness of h 3 =0.2mm, width W=48mm, length L=48mm.
[0031] The antenna has the same length and width, i.e., L=W=48 mm;
[0032] Assume that the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz includes: origin o, x-axis, y-axis, z-axis;
[0033] The dielectric substrate 1 and the dielectric substrate 2 are both parallel to the xoy plane of the spatial rectangular coordinate system o-xyz;
[0034] Among them Figure 2 and Figure 3 A top view of Figure 5 The side view of the antenna is 48 mm in size and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is h. 1 =1.5mm, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 23 is h 3 =1.5mm, the thickness of the low-loss dielectric foam layer is h 2 =1.5mm.
[0035] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that within the 4.81-6.93GHz frequency band, the S11 of the antenna is less than -10dB, the relative bandwidth reaches 36.1%, and the maximum resonance depth reaches below -50dB, which means that the energy fed into the antenna is less reflected, that is, the impedance matching of the antenna is better and the radiation efficiency of the antenna is higher.
[0036] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that the antenna has the minimum AR point at frequencies of 5.0 GHz and 5.7 GHz, and its 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth is 4.83-5.84 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 18.9%.
[0037] Depend on Figure 8It can be seen that in the 4.50-6.25 frequency band, the right-hand circular polarization gain of the antenna is not only close to 10dBi, but also has a very high gain flatness, while the left-hand circular polarization gain is very low and can be ignored.
[0038] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 It can be seen that the antenna exhibits obvious unidirectional radiation characteristics, that is, it radiates right-hand circularly polarized waves in the +z direction.
[0039] Depend on Fig.11 and Fig.12 As can be seen from the figure, the antenna exhibits obvious unidirectional radiation characteristics, that is, radiating right-hand circularly polarized waves in the +z direction.
[0040] First, the slotted circular patch 6 generates orthogonal currents, that is, there is a 90° phase difference between the horizontal component and the vertical component of the electric field, so that the antenna can generate circular polarization. However, since only one axial ratio minimum point is generated at this time, the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is relatively narrow. After the addition of the metasurface, due to the existence of surface waves propagating on the metasurface, additional axial ratio minimum points will be generated, thereby widening the axial ratio bandwidth.
[0041] Broaden the impedance bandwidth by etching four identical rectangular grooves in the metal stratum, where the angle between each rectangular groove is 90°, to generate more resonance points. In addition, after adding the metasurface, the impedance matching performance of the antenna is significantly enhanced, and new resonance points are added, thereby broadening the impedance bandwidth of the antenna;
[0042] Broadening the axial ratio bandwidth: After adding the metasurface, due to the propagation of surface waves on the metasurface, additional axial ratio minimum points will be generated, thus widening the axial ratio bandwidth;
[0043] To improve the gain flatness, a low-loss dielectric foam layer is added between dielectric substrate one and dielectric substrate two. Since the height of the foam itself can increase the radiation area of the antenna gain, it works synergistically with the metasurface to effectively improve the gain flatness of the antenna.
[0044] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.
Claims
1. A circularly polarized ultra-wideband microstrip patch antenna based on a metasurface, characterized in that: include: A dielectric substrate (1), a low-loss dielectric foam (2), a dielectric substrate (3), a metal stratum (4), a metasurface (5), a slotted circular patch (6), a metallized through hole (7) and a feeding port (8); the slotted circular patch (6) is arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (1), a low-loss dielectric foam (2) is arranged between the dielectric substrate (1) and the dielectric substrate (3), and the metasurface (5) is arranged in parallel on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (3); the metal stratum (4) is located on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (1) and is etched with four rectangular grooves, the metallized through hole (7) is used to connect the slotted circular patch (6) and the metal stratum (4), and the metallized through hole (7) forms a feeding port (8) through a coaxial line.
2. The circularly polarized ultra-wideband microstrip patch antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metasurface (5) is composed of a 4×4 truncated square metal patch array.
3. The circularly polarized ultra-wideband microstrip patch antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate 1 (1) is a Rogers 5880 dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent angle tanδ=0.0011, a thickness h1=1.5 mm, a width W=48 mm, and a length L=48 mm.
4. The circularly polarized ultra-wideband microstrip patch antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-loss dielectric foam (2) has a dielectric constant of 1.06, a loss tangent angle tanδ=0.0011, a thickness h2=1.5 mm, a width W=48 mm, and a length L=48 mm.
5. The circularly polarized ultra-wideband microstrip patch antenna based on a metasurface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric substrate 2 (3) is a Taconic FF-26D dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.6, a loss tangent angle tanδ=0.0014, a thickness h3=0.2 mm, a width W=48 mm, and a length L=48 mm.