Hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of cylinder seat

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder base. The hydraulic clamp comprises a bottom plate, an inner clamping device and an outer clamping device, wherein the inner clamping device and the outer clamping device are installed on the bottom plate. A workpiece can be installed on the bottom plate, the inner clamping device is arranged at the hollowed-out position in the middle of the workpiece, and the outer clamping device is arranged on the periphery of the workpiece. The inner clamping device and the outer clamping device can clamp the outer side and the inner side of the workpiece respectively. According to the hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of the cylinder base, the inner clamping device and the outer clamping device can alternately press a workpiece, it is guaranteed that the machined face of the workpiece can be completely avoided, one-time clamping is achieved, clamping precision can be guaranteed, repeated clamping can be avoided, machining efficiency is improved, meanwhile, a plurality of clamps are not needed, and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of workpiece clamping, in particular to a hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat. Background Art

[0002] Special fixtures for machine tools are an important way to improve processing efficiency at this stage. They often appear in working conditions where CNC machine tools are used for processing, especially in automated production lines.

[0003] However, when clamping workpieces, conventional machine tool special fixtures often inevitably clamp on the surface to be processed, such as the cylinder seat. During the processing of the cylinder seat, the upper surface is the surface to be processed and it is also the clamping surface of the fixture. This leads to the need to frequently replace the fixture in a processing step, which not only increases the number of fixtures required and increases costs, but also increases the time for replacing fixtures and reduces work efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat to overcome the above problems.

[0005] A hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat, comprising: a base plate and an inner clamp and an outer clamp mounted on the base plate;

[0006] The workpiece can be mounted on the bottom plate, the inner clamp is arranged at a hollowed-out portion in the middle of the workpiece, and the outer clamp is arranged at the periphery of the workpiece;

[0007] The inner clamp and the outer clamp are capable of clamping the outer side and the inner side of the workpiece, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, a positioning stop is provided under the bottom plate, and the positioning stop cooperates with the center hole of the workbench.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner clamp includes an inner cylinder body, an inner piston, a compression spring, a manifold and an inner clamping block. The inner cylinder body is arranged on the manifold and is connected to the internal oil circuit in the manifold. The inner piston is arranged in the inner cylinder body. The compression spring is provided on the side of the inner piston away from the internal oil circuit. One end of the inner clamping block is hinged to the piston rod of the inner piston, and the other end can clamp the inner circumference of the workpiece. The inner clamping block is hinged to the inner cylinder body through a connecting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of the inner pistons are provided in the inner cylinder body, and a plurality of the inner clamping blocks are hingedly connected to the outside of the inner cylinder body.

[0011] Furthermore, the external clamp includes an outer cylinder body, an outer piston and an outer clamping block. An external oil circuit is provided in the base plate, and the external oil circuit is connected to the outer cylinder body. The outer piston is arranged in the outer cylinder body. One end of the outer clamping block is hinged to the piston rod of the outer piston, and the other end can press the outer periphery of the workpiece. The outer clamping block is hinged to the outer cylinder body through a connecting piece.

[0012] Furthermore, a positioning seat is provided on the bottom plate, and the positioning seat is fixed on the bottom plate;

[0013] The positioning seat is provided with a positioning block and a positioning pin assembly, the workpiece abuts against the positioning block, the positioning pin assembly comprises a pin seat and a positioning pin, and the positioning pin can extend into the positioning hole of the workpiece.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes an oil supply transition piece. A rotary joint is provided at the center of the workbench. The oil supply transition piece is provided between the rotary joint and the base plate. A hydraulic oil passage is provided in the oil supply transition piece. The hydraulic oil passage can connect the oil circuit in the rotary joint with the external oil circuit in the base plate.

[0015] The utility model discloses a hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat. An inner clamp and an outer clamp can alternately clamp a workpiece to ensure that the machining surface of the workpiece can be completely avoided. One clamping can ensure clamping accuracy, avoid errors caused by multiple clamping, and avoid time consumed by multiple clamping, thereby improving machining efficiency. At the same time, multiple clamps are not required, reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat disclosed in the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat disclosed in the utility model in a state of clamping a workpiece;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of a hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat disclosed in the utility model in a state of clamping a workpiece;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view from medium AA perspective;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of part B;

[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner clamp disclosed in this embodiment;

[0023] Figure 7 is a top view schematic diagram of the inner clamp disclosed in this embodiment;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Cross-sectional view from CC perspective;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning seat disclosed in this embodiment;

[0026] Fig.10 is a top view of the positioning seat disclosed in the embodiment;

[0027] Fig.11 for Fig.10 Cross-sectional view from the middle DD perspective;

[0028] Fig.12 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of middle E part;

[0029] Fig.13 It is a perspective view of the oil supply transition piece disclosed in this embodiment.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] 1. Bottom plate; 11. Positioning stop; 12. External oil circuit;

[0032] 2. Inner clamp; 21. Inner cylinder; 22. Inner piston; 23. Compression spring; 24. Manifold; 25. Inner clamping block; 26. Inner oil circuit; 27. Connecting plate;

[0033] 3. External clamp; 31. External cylinder; 32. External piston; 33. External clamping block; 34. Connecting piece;

[0034] 4. Workpiece;

[0035] 5. Workbench; 51. Rotary joint;

[0036] 6. Positioning seat; 61. Positioning pin assembly; 62. Positioning block; 63. Pin seat; 64. Positioning pin;

[0037] 7. Oil supply transition piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment discloses a hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat, comprising: a base plate 1 and an inner clamp 2 and an outer clamp 3 mounted on the base plate 1;

[0040] In this embodiment, the workpiece 4 is a cylinder seat, which is generally annular in shape and can be mounted on the base plate 1. The inner clamp 2 is arranged at the hollow part in the middle of the workpiece 4, and the outer clamp 3 is arranged at the outer periphery of the workpiece 4.

[0041] The inner clamp 2 can clamp the inner side of the workpiece 4, and the outer clamp 3 can clamp the outer side of the workpiece. The inner clamp 2 and the outer clamp 3 have the same degree of clamping freedom.

[0042] The inner clamp 2 and the outer clamp 3 clamp the workpiece 4 alternately.

[0043] During the process of machining a workpiece, it is necessary to limit various degrees of freedom of the workpiece, including XYZ, to avoid displacement of the workpiece during the machining process. In this embodiment, the inner clamp and the outer clamp have the same degrees of freedom, that is, the inner clamp and the outer clamp limit the workpiece in the same direction. In this embodiment, the inner clamp and the outer clamp both apply axial force to the workpiece to limit the degrees of freedom of the workpiece in the axial direction.

[0044] In this embodiment, the upper surface of the workpiece 4 needs to be processed. When clamping, it is inevitable to clamp on the processing surface. In this embodiment, the inner side of the workpiece is first clamped by the inner clamp 2 to make way for the tool processing path on the outer side of the workpiece, and the outer side of the workpiece is processed. After the outer side is processed, the outer side of the workpiece is clamped by the outer clamp 3 to make way for the tool processing path on the inner side of the workpiece, and the inner side of the workpiece is processed to complete all processing. In the same process, the inner clamp and the outer clamp alternately clamp the workpiece through the CNC machine program control.

[0045] like Figure 3-Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a positioning stop 11 is provided under the bottom plate 1, and the positioning stop 11 is a convex stop, and the positioning stop 11 cooperates with the center hole of the workbench 5. The positioning stop 11 completes the positioning of the bottom plate 11 on the workbench 5, and realizes the positioning of the fixture on the machine tool.

[0046] Angular positioning can be done through the T-slot of the workbench, or by adjusting the angle during debugging. All the parts involved in positioning are completely positioned, and the positioning error is very small after disassembly and assembly. It is easy to analyze the cause of the error when debugging the fixture, and it is also convenient to replace wearing parts.

[0047] The workpiece is manually loaded into the fixture and then positioned and clamped. The purpose of clamping the workpiece is to ensure that the workpiece will not leave the positioning surface when subjected to external force. Even if the fixture of this embodiment is not clamped when the workbench is in a horizontal position, the workpiece will not leave the positioning surface, and the position of the workpiece relative to the machine tool workbench remains unchanged. In a horizontal position, if the replacement of the clamping position does not affect the positioning accuracy of the workpiece in this sequence, it still belongs to the same process of one clamping. Each alternating clamping of the outer clamp and the inner clamp of the fixture disclosed in this embodiment must be carried out in a horizontal position.

[0048] like Figure 6-Figure 8 As shown, the inner clamp 2 in this embodiment includes an inner cylinder body 21, an inner piston 22, a compression spring 23, a manifold 24 and an inner clamping block 25. The inner cylinder body 21 is arranged on the manifold 24 and is connected to the inner oil circuit 26 in the manifold 24. The inner piston 22 is arranged in the inner cylinder body 21. The compression spring 23 is provided on the side of the inner piston 22 away from the inner oil circuit 26. One end of the inner clamping block 25 is hinged to the piston rod of the inner piston 22, and the other end can clamp the inner circumference of the workpiece 4. The inner clamping block 25 is hinged to the inner cylinder body 21 through a connecting plate 27.

[0049] The hydraulic oil enters the inner cylinder 21 from the inner oil passage 26, lifts the inner piston 22, and compresses the compression spring 23. The inner clamping block 25 is driven by the piston rod to compress the workpiece. When the workpiece needs to be released, the hydraulic oil flows back from the inner cylinder 21, the compression spring 23 rebounds, causes the piston rod to move downward, and the inner clamping block 25 leaves the workpiece.

[0050] like Figure 1-Figure 3 and Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of inner pistons 22 are arranged in the inner cylinder 21, and a plurality of inner clamping blocks 25 are hingedly connected to the outer side of the inner cylinder 21. The inner clamping blocks 25 cooperate with the inner pistons 22 to clamp the workpiece at multiple points.

[0051] The cylinder holes of all the inner clamp hydraulic cylinders are processed on the same part to form the inner cylinder body. The piston rod, spring, pin, etc. are all assembled on the inner cylinder body, which has high integration and saves space. The oil cylinder adopts single-acting type, and the omitted oil circuit can further realize the miniaturization of the inner clamp. The inner clamp, manifold and fixture base are fixed together by long screws, which saves the space occupied by screws without reducing the connection reliability, and further realizes the miniaturization of the inner clamp.

[0052] like Figure 1 and Fig.12 As shown, the outer clamp 3 in this embodiment includes an outer cylinder 31, an outer piston 32 and an outer clamping block 33. Figure 4 As shown, the base plate 1 is provided with an external oil circuit 12, the external oil circuit 12 is connected to the outer cylinder body 31, the outer piston 32 is arranged in the outer cylinder body 31, one end of the outer clamping block 33 is hinged to the piston rod of the outer piston 32, and the other end can press the outer periphery of the workpiece 4, and the outer clamping block 33 is hinged to the outer cylinder body 31 through a connecting piece 34.

[0053] In this embodiment, the external oil circuit 12 includes two parts, a clamping oil circuit and a loosening oil circuit, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the outer cylinder 31. Specifically, they are arranged on both sides of the piston to drive the piston to move toward the two ends of the outer cylinder 31 to complete the clamping and loosening actions. The external clamping block 33 can clamp or loosen the workpiece under the drive of the external piston 32. The machine tool controls the clamping and loosening of the outer ring clamp by controlling the direction of the hydraulic oil.

[0054] like Figure 1 , Figure 9-11 As shown, in this embodiment, a positioning seat 6 is provided on the bottom plate 1, and the positioning seat 6 is fixed on the bottom plate 1;

[0055] The positioning seat 6 is provided with a positioning block 62 and a positioning pin assembly 61 . The workpiece 4 abuts against the positioning block 62 . The positioning pin assembly 61 includes a pin seat 63 and a positioning pin 64 . The positioning pin 64 can extend into the positioning hole of the workpiece 4 .

[0056] The workpiece is positioned on the fixture with two pins on one side. The pin holes of the pin seats where the two pins are located are formed by machining after the pin seats are mounted on the fixture and the fixture is aligned. The accuracy of the positioning reference of the two pin holes relative to the fixture on the machine tool is easy to ensure.

[0057] One side is the upper surface of the positioning block 62, and the process of grinding the upper surface after assembly is adopted to ensure the parallelism between the surface and the surface of the machine tool table. The two pins are two positioning pins, a round pin and a diamond pin respectively. The pin holes of the pin seats where the two pins are located are formed by machining after the pin seats are mounted on the fixture and the fixture is aligned. The accuracy of the positioning reference of the two pin holes relative to the fixture on the machine tool is easy to ensure, which is convenient for machining.

[0058] The busbar is arranged on the base plate 1, and the two are positioned by a central circular pin. The positioning seat 6 is sleeved on the outer side of the busbar and positioned by the busbar. The positioning block 62 and the positioning pin assembly 61 are positioned on the positioning seat 6 by circular pins.

[0059] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig.13As shown, in this embodiment, an oil supply transition piece 7 is also included. A rotary joint 51 is provided at the center of the workbench 5. The oil supply transition piece 7 is arranged between the rotary joint 51 and the base plate 1. A hydraulic oil passage is provided in the oil supply transition piece 7. The hydraulic oil passage has at least three passages. The three hydraulic oil passages can respectively connect the multiple oil passages in the rotary joint with the clamping oil passage, the loosening oil passage and the internal oil passage in the external oil passage 12 in the base plate 1, so that the pump station can supply oil to the clamping oil passage, the loosening oil passage and the internal oil passage respectively.

[0060] The hydraulic oil in this embodiment is provided through the central rotary joint of the machine tool worktable. The machine tool program controls the pump station to supply oil to the fixture. The hydraulic oil enters the oil supply transition piece 7 from the rotary joint, and then enters the fixture. Two paths enter the external oil path 12 in the base plate 1, and one path enters the internal oil path 26 in the manifold 24 through the base plate 1.

[0061] The oil supply transition piece 7 connects the oil supply port on the rotary joint of the machine tool worktable with the 3-way oil port on the base plate, and the O-ring on the upper surface of the oil supply transition piece 7 provides an end face seal for the oil port where the oil supply transition piece 7 connects with the base plate 1. The end face sealing O-ring that connects the oil port on the lower surface of the oil supply transition piece 7 with the oil supply port on the rotary joint of the machine tool worktable is on the rotary joint of the worktable. The oil supply transition piece 7 cannot be too thick to avoid a gap between the base plate 1 and the worktable, which affects the positioning accuracy. The oil supply transition piece 7 cannot be too thin to avoid a large gap with the upper surface of the rotary joint, which affects the sealing of the O-ring on the upper surface of the rotary joint. Therefore, when installing the fixture of this embodiment on the machine tool, the oil supply transition piece 7 must be ground according to the depth of the center hole of the machine tool worktable to ensure that the gap is below 0.03mm.

[0062] The working process of the utility model is as follows: the workpiece is positioned by the positioning block and the positioning pin, and then the clamp is selected according to the processing procedure. When the inner side of the workpiece needs to be processed first, the pump station is controlled to supply oil through the CNC system of the machine tool, and the pump station supplies oil to the external oil circuit accordingly. The hydraulic oil enters the external oil circuit through the rotary joint and the oil supply transition piece, specifically the clamping oil circuit of the external oil circuit, drives the external clamp to clamp the outer periphery of the workpiece, and maintains the oil pressure to start processing the inner side of the workpiece; after the processing of the inner side of the workpiece is completed, the pump station supplies oil to the internal oil circuit, so that the internal clamp clamps the workpiece, and then releases the oil pressure of the clamping oil circuit of the external oil circuit, and supplies oil to the release oil circuit of the external oil circuit, the external clamp is released, and the processing of the outer side of the workpiece is started.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the utility model.

Claims

1. A hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat, characterized in that: include: A base plate (1) and an inner clamp (2) and an outer clamp (3) mounted on the base plate (1); The workpiece (4) can be mounted on the base plate (1), the inner clamp (2) is arranged at a hollow portion in the middle of the workpiece (4), and the outer clamp (3) is arranged at the periphery of the workpiece (4); The inner clamp (2) is capable of clamping the inner side of the workpiece (4), and the outer clamp (3) is capable of clamping the outer side of the workpiece, and the inner clamp (2) and the outer clamp (3) have the same degree of clamping freedom; The inner clamp (2) and the outer clamp (3) alternately clamp the workpiece (4); The external clamp (3) comprises an external cylinder (31), an external piston (32) and an external clamping block (33); an external oil circuit (12) is provided in the base plate (1); the external oil circuit (12) is connected to the external cylinder (31); the external oil circuit (12) comprises a clamping oil circuit and a loosening oil circuit; the clamping oil circuit and the loosening oil circuit are respectively connected to two ends of the external cylinder (31) and are provided on two sides of the external piston, and are used to drive the external piston to move toward two ends of the external cylinder (31); The outer piston (32) is disposed in the outer cylinder body (31); one end of the outer clamping block (33) is hinged to the piston rod of the outer piston (32); the other end is capable of pressing the outer circumference of the workpiece (4); and the outer clamping block (33) is hinged to the outer cylinder body (31) via a connecting piece (34).

2. The hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning stop (11) is provided under the bottom plate (1), and the positioning stop (11) cooperates with the central hole of the workbench (5).

3. The hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner clamp (2) comprises an inner cylinder body (21), an inner piston (22), a compression spring (23), a manifold (24) and an inner clamping block (25); the inner cylinder body (21) is arranged above the manifold (24) and is in contact with the manifold (24); the manifold (24) is arranged at the center of the base plate (1); the inner cylinder body (21) is connected to an inner oil path (26) in the manifold (24); the inner piston (22) is arranged in the inner cylinder body (21); the compression spring (23) is arranged on a side of the inner piston (22) away from the inner oil path (26); one end of the inner clamping block (25) is hinged to the piston rod of the inner piston (22); the other end of the inner clamping block (25) is capable of clamping the inner circumference of the workpiece (4); the inner clamping block (25) is hinged to the inner cylinder body (21) via a connecting plate (27).

4. The hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of inner pistons (22) are arranged inside the inner cylinder body (21), and a plurality of inner clamping blocks (25) are hingedly connected to the outside of the inner cylinder body (21).

5. The hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning seat (6) is provided on the bottom plate (1), and the positioning seat (6) is fixed on the bottom plate (1); The positioning seat (6) is provided with a positioning block (62) and a positioning pin assembly (61); the workpiece (4) abuts against the positioning block (62); the positioning pin assembly (61) comprises a pin seat (63) and a positioning pin (64); and the positioning pin (64) can extend into the positioning hole of the workpiece (4).

6. The hydraulic clamp for five-axis machining of a cylinder seat according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes an oil supply transition piece (7), a rotary joint (51) is provided at the center of the workbench (5), the oil supply transition piece (7) is arranged between the rotary joint and the base plate (1), and a hydraulic oil passage is provided in the oil supply transition piece (7), and the hydraulic oil passage can connect the oil circuit in the rotary joint (51) with the external oil circuit (12) in the base plate (1).

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