Speed reducer

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of speed reducers, and particularly relates to a speed reducer which comprises a box body, a high-speed shaft and a low-speed shaft, a low-speed gear shaft is further arranged in the box body, and a high-speed gear is sleeved on the low-speed gear shaft. The high-speed shaft is arranged on one side of the box body, one end of the high-speed shaft is connected with the motor, the other end of the high-speed shaft is telescopically provided with a high-speed gear shaft, and the high-speed gear shaft is meshed with a high-speed gear arranged on the low-speed gear shaft in a sleeving mode; the low-speed shaft is arranged on the other side of the box body and sleeved with the low-speed gear, a spline shaft is telescopically installed in the end, close to the high-speed shaft, of the low-speed shaft, and a conversion gear is installed at the end of the spline shaft; the low-speed gear is meshed with the low-speed gear shaft, and the conversion gear is meshed with the high-speed gear shaft. The device has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to operate, stable in performance and the like, and the performance and safety of the device can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of reducers, and in particular relates to a reducer. Background Art

[0002] The reducer plays the role of matching the speed and transmitting the torque between the prime mover and the working machine or the actuator. The reducer is a relatively precise machine. The purpose of using it is to reduce the speed. It can be divided into worm reducers and planetary gear reducers; according to the number of transmission stages, it can be divided into single-stage and multi-stage reducers; the shape of the factory wheel can be divided into cylindrical gear reducers, bevel gear reducers and conical-cylindrical gear reducers; according to the layout of the transmission, it can be divided into expansion type, split type and co-axial type reducers. The reducer is an independent component composed of gear transmission, worm transmission, gear-worm transmission enclosed in a rigid housing, and is often used as a reduction transmission device between the prime mover and the working machine. It plays the role of matching the speed and transmitting the torque between the prime mover and the working machine or the actuator, and is widely used in modern machinery.

[0003] In the prior art, the speed change of the reducer is usually achieved by using a variable frequency speed regulating motor, which can adjust the power supply frequency as needed, thereby changing the motor's speed and output torque. In order to achieve the self-locking function, a brake can be installed on the motor or the output shaft. The brake can act as a brake when the work stops to prevent the equipment from sliding or slipping. However, under certain working conditions, the equipment is required to provide a large torque when fully loaded, and when the equipment is in a no-load state, a smaller torque and a faster speed are required, and the speed ratio of the reducer needs to be adjusted accordingly. In the prior art, the speed change adjustment of the reducer is complicated, and there is instability, making it difficult to provide suitable torque and speed under different working conditions. In addition, the implementation method of the prior art is relatively complicated, which increases the complexity and cost of the system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a reducer that can select a suitable reduction ratio to achieve the speed adjustability and self-locking function of the equipment under different working conditions, thereby improving the performance and safety of the equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a reducer, including a housing, a high-speed shaft and a low-speed shaft, a low-speed gear shaft is also provided in the housing, and a high-speed gear is sleeved on the low-speed gear shaft; the high-speed shaft is arranged on one side of the housing, one end of the high-speed shaft is connected to the motor, and the other end is telescopically installed with a high-speed gear shaft, and the high-speed gear shaft is meshed with the high-speed gear sleeved on the low-speed gear shaft; the low-speed shaft is arranged on the other side of the housing, the low-speed gear is sleeved on the low-speed shaft, a spline shaft is telescopically installed in one end of the low-speed shaft close to the high-speed shaft, and a conversion gear is installed on the end of the spline shaft; the low-speed gear is meshed with the low-speed gear shaft, and the conversion gear is meshed with the high-speed gear shaft.

[0006] Preferably, a high-speed end hydraulic cylinder is provided in the high-speed shaft, and the high-speed gear shaft is axially telescopically arranged through the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder; a low-speed end hydraulic cylinder is provided in the low-speed shaft, and the spline shaft is axially telescopically arranged through the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder, and the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder are both connected to the hydraulic drive assembly.

[0007] Preferably, the hydraulic drive assembly includes a hydraulic station, an electromagnetic reversing valve and a valve block. The hydraulic station is connected to the valve block. The valve block is connected to the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder through oil pipes respectively. An electromagnetic reversing valve is provided on the valve block, and the electromagnetic reversing valve controls the movement of the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, oil separation sealing blocks are respectively provided on the high-speed shaft and the low-speed shaft, one end of the oil pipe is connected to the valve block, and the other end passes through the oil separation sealing block and is respectively connected to the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the high-speed gear shaft is meshed with the high-speed gear, and the other end is connected to the high-speed shaft via a spline.

[0010] Preferably, an elastic coupling is further provided between the high-speed shaft and the motor, wherein an elastic end of the elastic coupling is connected to the high-speed shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected to the motor.

[0011] Preferably, the high-speed shaft is installed in a high-speed end bearing chamber, one end of the high-speed end bearing chamber is connected and fixed to the box body, and the other end is connected and fixed to the motor.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder is connected to the high-speed gear shaft, and the other end is provided with a high-speed end cover.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder is connected to the spline shaft, and the other end is provided with a low-speed end cover.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] The utility model is a reducer, which realizes the functions of variable speed and self-locking by setting a high-speed gear shaft, a high-speed gear and a conversion gear, and adjusting the positions of the high-speed gear shaft and the conversion gear to select a suitable reduction ratio, so as to enable the equipment to achieve speed adjustment under different working conditions. The utility model also realizes the braking function through the meshing of the gears, thereby improving the safety of the equipment. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, stable performance, etc., and can improve the performance and safety of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reducer of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model in the working state of load deceleration.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model in the no-load working state.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the self-locking braking state of the utility model.

[0022] Among them: 1. Box body; 2. High-speed end bearing chamber; 3. High-speed shaft; 4. Elastic coupling; 5. Electric motor; 6. High-speed end hydraulic cylinder; 7. High-speed gear shaft; 8. High-speed gear; 9. Low-speed gear shaft; 10. Conversion gear; 11. Spline shaft; 12. Low-speed end hydraulic cylinder; 13. Low-speed shaft; 14. Oil pipe; 15. Low-speed gear; 16. Solenoid reversing valve; 17. Hydraulic station; 18. Valve block; 19. Oil distribution seal block; 20. High-speed end cover; 21. Low-speed end cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Figures 1 to 6 It is the best embodiment of the utility model, and the following Figures 1 to 6 The utility model is further described.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a speed reducer of the utility model includes a housing 1, a high-speed shaft 3 and a low-speed shaft 13. The high-speed shaft 3 is arranged on one side of the housing 1. One end of the high-speed shaft 3 away from the housing 1 is connected to the motor 5. In this embodiment, an elastic coupling 4 is arranged between the high-speed shaft 3 and the motor 5. The elastic end of the elastic coupling 4 is connected to the high-speed shaft 3, and the other end is fixedly connected to the motor 5. The elastic coupling 4 reduces the vibration of the transmission, making the operation of the equipment more stable. A high-speed gear shaft 7 is telescopically installed inside the other end of the high-speed shaft 3. One end of the high-speed gear shaft 7 is meshed with the high-speed gear 8, and the other end is telescopically installed in the high-speed shaft 3 through a spline. A high-speed end hydraulic cylinder 6 is arranged between the high-speed shaft 3 and the high-speed gear shaft 7. The end of the high-speed gear shaft 7 is connected to the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder 6. The high-speed gear shaft 7 is axially telescopically arranged through hydraulic action.

[0025] A low-speed shaft 13 is arranged on the other side of the housing 1, and a low-speed gear 15 is installed on the low-speed shaft 13. A spline shaft 11 is telescopically installed in one end of the low-speed shaft 13 close to the high-speed shaft 3. A low-speed end hydraulic cylinder 12 is provided between the low-speed shaft 13 and the spline shaft 11. One end of the spline shaft 11 is connected to the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder 12, and the spline shaft 11 is axially telescopically arranged through hydraulic action; a conversion gear 10 is installed at the other end of the spline shaft 11, and the conversion gear 10 is meshed with the high-speed gear shaft 7; a low-speed gear shaft 9 is also provided in the housing 1, and the low-speed gear 15 is meshed with one end of the low-speed gear shaft 9, and a high-speed gear 8 is installed at the other end of the low-speed gear shaft 9, and the high-speed gear 8 is meshed with the high-speed gear shaft 7.

[0026] Specifically, the high-speed shaft 3 is installed in the high-speed end bearing chamber 2, one end of the high-speed end bearing chamber 2 is connected and fixed to the box body 1, and the other end is connected and fixed to the motor 5. One end of the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected and arranged with the high-speed gear shaft 7, and the other end is provided with a high-speed end cover 20. One end of the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected and arranged with the spline shaft 11, and the other end is provided with a low-speed end cover 21.

[0027] Furthermore, the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder 6 and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder 12 are both connected to the hydraulic drive assembly, and the hydraulic drive assembly includes a hydraulic station 17, an electromagnetic reversing valve 16 and a valve block 18. The hydraulic station 17 is connected to the valve block 18, and the valve block 18 is connected to the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder 6 and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder 12 through the oil pipe 14. The electromagnetic reversing valve 16 is provided on the valve block 18. By controlling the operation of the electromagnetic reversing valve 16, the action of the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder 6 and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder 12 can be realized. In this embodiment, an oil separation seal block 19 is provided on the high-speed shaft 3 and the low-speed shaft 13, respectively. One end of the oil pipe 14 is connected to the valve block 18, and the other end passes through the oil separation seal block 19 and is connected to the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder 6 and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder 12, respectively. The oil separation seal block 19 can effectively seal to prevent hydraulic oil leakage.

[0028] The use process of this utility model:

[0029] When the utility model is in the load-deceleration working state, Figure 4 As shown, the motor 5 transmits power to the high-speed shaft 3 through the elastic coupling 4, and then drives the high-speed gear 8 to rotate through the high-speed gear shaft 7. The reducer reduces speed in two stages and finally transmits power to the low-speed shaft 13, driving the working machine to work at full load.

[0030] When the utility model is in no-load state, Figure 5 As shown, for example, when the equipment is being repaired, the working machine has no load and needs to rotate quickly to complete the repair work as quickly as possible. The high-speed gear shaft 7 is controlled by hydraulic pressure to be ejected and the conversion gear 10 is meshed, so that one-stage reduction is directly transmitted to the output shaft, which reduces one stage of reduction compared to the load reduction state and increases the output speed.

[0031] When the utility model is in the self-locking braking state, Figure 6 As shown, when the working machine stops, a brake or holding brake function is required to prevent the machine from slipping, such as in the case of an inclined belt conveyor. The conversion gear 10 on the spline shaft 11 is pushed out by hydraulic pressure, so that the conversion gear 10 and the high-speed gear shaft 7 are meshed. At this time, the high-speed gear shaft 7 and the high-speed gear 8 are in meshing state, the gear transmission forms a closed loop, and the torque is offset to achieve braking or holding brake.

[0032] During use, the utility model can realize the functions of variable speed and self-locking braking according to different working states through the mutual meshing of hydraulic ejection, spline guide and conversion gear 10. The working state of the device can be adjusted according to actual needs to improve the performance and safety of the equipment.

[0033] A speed reducer of the utility model realizes the functions of variable speed and self-locking by setting a high-speed gear shaft 7, a high-speed gear 8 and a conversion gear 10, as well as a high-speed end hydraulic cylinder 6 and a low-speed end hydraulic cylinder 12. The positions of the high-speed gear shaft 7 and the conversion gear 10 can be adjusted by hydraulic action, so as to select a suitable reduction ratio, so that the equipment can achieve speed adjustment under different working conditions. The utility model also realizes the braking function through the meshing of gears, thereby improving the safety of the equipment. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, stable performance, etc., and can improve the performance and safety of the equipment.

[0034] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the utility model in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the utility model without departing from the technical solution of the utility model still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A speed reducer, comprising a housing (1), a high-speed shaft (3) and a low-speed shaft (13), characterized in that: A low-speed gear shaft (9) is also provided in the housing (1), and a high-speed gear (8) is sleeved on the low-speed gear shaft (9); the high-speed shaft (3) is provided on one side of the housing (1), one end of the high-speed shaft (3) is connected to the motor (5), and the other end is telescopically provided with a high-speed gear shaft (7), and the high-speed gear shaft (7) is meshed with the high-speed gear (8) sleeved on the low-speed gear shaft (9); the low-speed shaft (13) is provided on the other side of the housing (1), and a low-speed gear (15) is sleeved on the low-speed shaft (13), and a spline shaft (11) is telescopically provided in one end of the low-speed shaft (13) close to the high-speed shaft (3), and a conversion gear (10) is installed at the end of the spline shaft (11); the low-speed gear (15) is meshed with the low-speed gear shaft (9), and the conversion gear (10) is meshed with the high-speed gear shaft (7).

2. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A high-speed end hydraulic cylinder (6) is arranged in the high-speed shaft (3), and the high-speed gear shaft (7) is axially telescopically arranged through the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder (6); a low-speed end hydraulic cylinder (12) is arranged in the low-speed shaft (13), and the spline shaft (11) is axially telescopically arranged through the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder (12), and the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder (6) and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder (12) are both connected to a hydraulic drive assembly.

3. A reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive assembly comprises a hydraulic station (17), an electromagnetic reversing valve (16) and a valve block (18); the hydraulic station (17) is connected to the valve block (18); the valve block (18) is connected to the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder (6) and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder (12) via an oil pipe (14); an electromagnetic reversing valve (16) is provided on the valve block (18); the electromagnetic reversing valve (16) controls the movement of the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder (6) and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder (12).

4. A reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: An oil separation seal block (19) is provided on the high-speed shaft (3) and the low-speed shaft (13), respectively; one end of the oil pipe (14) is connected to the valve block (18), and the other end passes through the oil separation seal block (19) and is connected to the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder (6) and the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder (12), respectively.

5. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the high-speed gear shaft (7) is meshed with the high-speed gear (8), and the other end is connected to the high-speed shaft (3) via a spline.

6. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic coupling (4) is also provided between the high-speed shaft (3) and the motor (5); the elastic end of the elastic coupling (4) is connected to the high-speed shaft (3), and the other end is fixedly connected to the motor (5).

7. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed shaft (3) is installed in the high-speed end bearing chamber (2); one end of the high-speed end bearing chamber (2) is connected and fixed to the housing (1), and the other end is connected and fixed to the motor (5).

8. A reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the high-speed end hydraulic cylinder (6) is connected to the high-speed gear shaft (7), and the other end is provided with a high-speed end cover (20).

9. A reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the low-speed end hydraulic cylinder (12) is connected to the spline shaft (11), and the other end is provided with a low-speed end cover (21).

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