Liquid flow type temperature control energy storage module and energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a liquid flow type temperature control energy storage module which comprises a battery pack, and the battery pack comprises end pressing plates located at the two ends and a plurality of single batteries located between the two end pressing plates. The battery monomers are arranged in an array, and gasket supporting structures are arranged between the adjacent battery monomers and between the battery monomers and the end pressing plates; the gasket supporting structure comprises a plurality of gaskets which are arranged at intervals, and the ratio of the sum of the contact areas of the surfaces of the battery monomers and the gaskets to the surface area of the surfaces of the battery monomers is 20%-80%. The utility model also discloses an energy storage device. According to the liquid flow type temperature control energy storage module and the energy storage device disclosed by the utility model, unrecoverable expansion deformation of the battery shell in the charging and discharging processes can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric energy storage, and specifically relates to a liquid flow type temperature control energy storage module and an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the continuous improvement of my country's energy consumption structure, the energy storage battery industry has shown explosive development, and the safety and stability of energy storage systems have attracted more and more attention. During the charging and discharging process, energy storage batteries will generate a lot of heat due to the existence of ohmic heat and polarization heat. If this heat cannot be diffused in time, it will accumulate inside the battery, which will increase the speed of the side reactions at the interface of the energy storage battery. On the other hand, excessive heat accumulation may cause thermal runaway of the battery. Therefore, efficient heat dissipation measures are an issue that must be considered in the design of energy storage batteries.

[0003] During the charging and discharging process of energy storage batteries, the energy storage batteries will expand due to the heat generated. In particular, for square shell batteries, the battery expansion will cause the battery shell to bulge outward. If the bulge deformation exceeds the yield limit of the battery shell material, the battery shell will be unable to recover, which will limit the charging and discharging performance of the energy storage battery. It should not affect the battery life, but may also pose a safety risk. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a liquid flow temperature-controlled energy storage module and an energy storage device, which can prevent the battery casing from producing irreversible expansion deformation during the charging and discharging process.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model firstly proposes a liquid flow temperature control energy storage module, comprising a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises end pressure plates at both ends and a plurality of battery cells between the two end pressure plates; the battery cells are arranged in an array, and a gasket support structure is provided between adjacent battery cells and between the battery cells and the end pressure plates;

[0007] The gasket support structure includes a plurality of gaskets arranged at intervals, and the ratio of the sum of the contact areas of the surfaces of the battery cells with the gaskets to the surface area of ​​the battery cells is 20%-80%.

[0008] Furthermore, the ratio of the sum of the contact areas of the surface of the battery cell with the gasket to the surface area of ​​the surface of the battery cell is 30%-50%.

[0009] Furthermore, the spacing between the gaskets arranged on the surface is greater than or equal to 2 mm to form a flow channel for the temperature control medium to flow.

[0010] Furthermore, a non-supporting area is formed between at least two of the gaskets or between the gasket and the edge of the surface of the battery cell, and the diameter of a circle that can be accommodated in the non-supporting area is less than or equal to 45 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of a circle that can be accommodated in the non-support area is less than or equal to 25 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, the diameter of a circle that can be accommodated in the non-support area is less than or equal to 15 mm.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the gasket is 1-10 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the gasket is 2-8 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the gasket is 3-6 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the gasket is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

[0017] Furthermore, the polygons include triangles, rhombuses, squares and parallelograms.

[0018] Furthermore, the gasket array is arranged on the surface of the battery cell.

[0019] The utility model also proposes a liquid flow type temperature control energy storage device, comprising the liquid flow type temperature control energy storage module as described above.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0021] The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module of the utility model can support the outer shell of the battery cell by arranging a gasket support structure between the battery cells and between the battery cells and the end pressure plates, and can use a number of gaskets arranged at intervals to support the outer shell of the battery cell; during the charge and discharge process, it can resist the expansion and deformation of the outer shell of the battery cell, and avoid the battery outer shell from producing irreversible expansion and deformation during the charge and discharge process; in addition, by setting the ratio of the total contact area of ​​the gasket with the battery cell surface to the surface area of ​​the battery cell surface to 20%-80%, it can not only support the battery outer shell and prevent deformation; when the energy storage module is temperature controlled, a channel for the circulation of the temperature control medium can also be formed between the gaps of the gaskets to fully exchange heat with the battery cells, so as to control the temperature of the battery cells. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the utility model clearer, the utility model is described with the following drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a liquid flow temperature control energy storage module;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a full cross-sectional view of the energy storage module along the X direction, specifically a structural schematic diagram when the gasket is hexagonal;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a full cross-sectional view of the energy storage module along the X direction, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when the gasket is a diamond shape; (a) full cross-sectional view; (b) is an enlarged view of area A;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a simulation diagram of the temperature distribution of the energy storage module in the X-direction cross section;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a simulation diagram of the flow velocity distribution of the temperature control medium in the X-direction section of the energy storage module;

[0028] Figure 6 is a full cross-sectional view of the energy storage module along the Y direction, specifically a structural schematic diagram when the second gasket is a diamond-shaped gasket;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 An enlarged view of the B region, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when the overflow structure is an overflow notch;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 6 An enlarged view of region B, specifically a schematic diagram of a structure when the overflow structure is an overflow hole;

[0031] Fig. 9 is a full cross-sectional view of the energy storage module along the Y direction, specifically a structural schematic diagram when the second gasket is a pentagonal gasket;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when a through channel is provided in the pentagonal gasket;

[0033] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when there is one diversion channel;

[0034] Fig.12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when there are two diversion channels;

[0035] Fig.13 for Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure behind the hidden front cover;

[0036] Fig.14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when there are three diversion channels;

[0037] Fig.15 for Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the structure after the front cover is installed on the middle cover;

[0038] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of the structure of the lower hoop;

[0039] Fig.17 This is a simulation diagram of the temperature distribution of each battery cell in the energy storage module;

[0040] Fig.18 This is a simulation diagram of the temperature distribution at the bottom of the energy storage module;

[0041] Fig.19 This is a simulation diagram of the flow velocity distribution of the temperature control medium at the bottom of the energy storage module;

[0042] Fig. 20 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a liquid flow temperature control energy storage device of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.21 for Fig. 20 CC section view;

[0044] Fig. 22 for Fig. 20 DD cross-sectional view;

[0045] Fig.23 for Fig. 20 A magnified view of region E;

[0046] Fig.24 for Fig. 22 An enlarged view of the F region, specifically a schematic diagram of the structure when the overflow structure is an overflow notch;

[0047] Fig.25 for Fig. 22 An enlarged view of the F area is shown, specifically a structural schematic diagram when the overflow structure is an overflow hole.

[0048] Description of reference numerals:

[0049] 10-battery monomer; 11-inter-row gap channel; 12-inter-column gap channel; 13-end pressure plate; 14-sealing strip; 15-first gasket; 151-first temperature control channel; 152-second temperature control channel; 16-second gasket; 161-third temperature control channel; 162-second temperature control channel; 163-through channel; 171-upper hoop; 172-lower hoop; 18-liquid inlet; 19-first liquid inlet pipe; 191-liquid inlet proportional valve;

[0050] 20-bottom plate; 21-diversion channel; 22-liquid inlet diversion port; 23-distribution channel; 24-first rough element; 25-second rough element; 26-cover plate; 27-front cover plate; 28-overflow notch; 29-overflow hole;

[0051] 100-box; 101-second liquid inlet pipe; 102-upper baffle;

[0052] 110-energy storage bin; 111-overflow channel; 112-immersion channel; 1121-connecting port; 113-energy storage module;

[0053] 120-top functional compartment; 121-safety box; 122-top liquid inlet pipe; 1221-top liquid inlet branch pipe; 123-top liquid inlet valve; 124-safety exhaust valve; 125-explosion-proof valve;

[0054] 130 - bottom functional compartment; 131 - liquid storage tank; 132 - first connecting pipe; 133 - first control valve; 134 - second connecting pipe; 135 - second control valve; 136 - liquid return pipe; 137 - liquid return control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1-19 As shown, the liquid flow temperature control energy storage module of this embodiment includes a base plate 20 and a battery pack installed on the base plate 20, the battery pack includes end pressure plates 13 located at both ends and a number of battery cells 10 located between the two end pressure plates 13, and the battery pack is provided with an internal channel located between the battery cells 10. Specifically, the battery cells 10 of this embodiment are arranged in n columns along the X direction and in m rows along the Y direction; when n≥1 and m≥2, an inter-row gap channel 11 is provided between two adjacent rows of battery cells 10; when n≥2 and m≥1, an inter-column gap channel 12 is provided between two adjacent columns of battery cells 10; the two ends of the inter-row gap channel 11 and the inter-column gap channel 12 are sealed to form an internal channel. Specifically, in this embodiment, end pressure plates 13 are respectively provided on the front and rear end surfaces of the battery assembly perpendicular to the X direction, and the end pressure plates 13 seal the two ends of the inter-column gap channel 12. The two ends of the inter-row gap channel 11 are respectively provided with sealing strips 14 or sealing plates, and the sealing strips 14 or sealing plates seal the two ends of the inter-row gap channel 11. Specifically, the two ends of the inter-row gap channel 11 of this embodiment are respectively provided with sealing strips 14. In this way, the upper and lower ends of the internal channel can be connected.

[0058] In this embodiment, the battery cells 10 are arranged in an array, and a gasket support structure is provided between adjacent battery cells 10 and between the battery cells 10 and the end pressure plate 13. Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the gasket support structure of this embodiment includes a number of gaskets arranged at intervals, and the ratio of the sum of the contact areas of the surface of the battery cell 10 with the gasket to the surface area of ​​the battery cell surface is 20%-80%. Preferably, the ratio of the sum of the contact areas of the surface of the battery cell with the gasket to the surface area of ​​the battery cell surface is 30%-50%. It can not only support the battery shell to prevent deformation, but also form a channel for the circulation of the temperature control medium between the gaps of the gaskets to fully exchange heat with the battery cells, so as to control the temperature of the battery cells. Specifically, if the spacing between the gaskets is too small, it may lead to insufficient fluidity of the temperature control medium. Therefore, in this embodiment, the spacing between the gaskets arranged on the surface of the battery cell 10 is greater than or equal to 2mm to form a flow channel for the circulation of the temperature control medium to ensure the fluidity of the temperature control medium. In order to prevent the battery shell from deforming during the charging and discharging process, it is also necessary to control the distribution of the gaskets. Specifically, in the gaskets arranged on the surface of the battery cell 10, a non-support area is formed between the gaskets or between the gaskets and the edges of the surface of the battery cell 10, and the diameter of the circle that can be accommodated in the non-support area is less than or equal to 45mm; if the non-support area can accommodate a circle with a diameter greater than 45mm, then during the battery charging and discharging process, due to the expansion effect, there is a problem of excessive deformation in the non-support area, that is, there is a problem of irreversible deformation. Preferably, the diameter of the circle that can be accommodated in the non-support area is less than or equal to 25mm, which can further reduce the risk of irreversible deformation of the battery casing during the charging and discharging process. More preferably, the diameter of the circle that can be accommodated in the non-support area is less than or equal to 15mm. In this embodiment, the diameter of the circle that can be accommodated in the non-support area is less than or equal to 10mm.

[0059] Specifically, the thickness of the gasket is 1-10mm. Preferably, the thickness of the gasket is 2-8mm. More preferably, the thickness of the gasket is 3-6mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the gasket is 5mm. If the thickness of the gasket is too small, during the battery charging and discharging process, due to the expansion effect, the surfaces of adjacent battery cells 10 may be attached together, thereby causing the temperature control flow channel to be cut off; if the thickness of the gasket is too large, the volume energy density of the energy storage module will be reduced.

[0060] Specifically, the shape of the gasket can be a variety of shapes and structures, that is, the shape of the gasket can be circular, elliptical, or polygonal, wherein the polygon includes a triangle, a rhombus, a square, and a parallelogram, etc., which will not be described in detail. In addition, the gasket array can be arranged on the surface of the battery cell, specifically, the gasket can be arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction, and the angle between the first direction and the second direction and the vertical parallel perpendicular to the surface of the battery cell is equal.

[0061] Specifically, the battery cell 10 in this embodiment adopts a square shell battery, the battery surface refers to the surface with the largest surface area in the square shell battery; the battery side refers to the surface with the smallest surface area of ​​the square shell battery except the top and bottom surfaces. The specific implementation of the gasket support structure of this embodiment is described below with reference to specific examples.

[0062] like Figure 3-10 As shown, in this embodiment, a battery temperature control structure is provided between two adjacent battery cells 10 and between the battery cell 10 and the end pressure plate 13. Specifically, the battery temperature control structure of this embodiment adopts a battery inter-liquid flow type temperature control structure based on the field synergy principle. Specifically, the battery inter-liquid flow type temperature control structure based on the field synergy principle of this embodiment includes a first gasket 15 arranged between the battery surfaces and a second gasket 16 arranged between the battery sides. The first gasket 15 forms an inter-row gap channel 11 between two adjacent battery cells 10, and the second gasket 16 forms an inter-column gap channel 12 between two adjacent battery cells 10. In other words, in this embodiment, the first gasket 15 is arranged in the inter-row gap channel 11 and is located between the battery surfaces of the two battery cells 10 on both sides of the inter-row gap channel 11, and the second gasket is arranged in the inter-column gap channel 12 and is located between the battery sides of the two battery cells 10 on both sides of the inter-column gap channel 12. In addition, the first gasket 15 and the second gasket 16 are also used to withstand the pressure between the battery cells 10 to prevent the battery cells 10 from irreversible expansion and deformation during the charging and discharging process. Specifically, in this embodiment, an upper hoop 171 and a lower hoop 172 are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the battery pack. The upper hoop 171 and the lower hoop 172 are used to tighten the battery pack so that sufficient pressure is maintained between the battery cells 10. Under this pressure, the battery cells 10 can be prevented from irreversible expansion and deformation during the charging and discharging process.

[0063] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the first gasket 15 is a rhombus-shaped gasket, a square gasket or a parallelogram-shaped gasket. The first gasket 15 of this embodiment is a rhombus-shaped gasket. Of course, in some other embodiments, the first gasket 15 can also be a square gasket, a rectangular gasket, a parallelogram-shaped gasket, etc., which will not be repeated. Figure 5As shown, the first gasket 15 is arranged in an array along the first direction and the second direction parallel to the battery surface, and the first direction and the second direction are respectively parallel to the two adjacent sides of the first gasket 15. In this embodiment, the first direction and the second direction are not parallel, and the inclination angle of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction is 1°-90°; preferably, the inclination angle of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction is 10°-80°; more preferably, the inclination angle of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction is 30°-70°; most preferably, the inclination angle of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction is 40°-60°. In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the first temperature control channel 151 and the second temperature control channel 152 are equal to the vertical plane perpendicular to the battery surface, that is, the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are equal. In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction is 45°, that is, the angle of the first temperature control channel 151 and the second temperature control channel 152 with the vertical plane perpendicular to the battery surface is also equal to 45°. By constraining the inclination angles of the first direction and the second direction relative to the horizontal direction, the flow rate uniformity of the temperature control medium can be improved, thereby improving the temperature uniformity of the surface of the battery cell 10 .

[0064] Specifically, the width of the first temperature control channel 151 and the second temperature control channel 152 will affect both the mechanical properties of the battery cell 10 and the heat exchange efficiency between the temperature control medium and the battery cell 10. Therefore, the width of the first temperature control channel 151 and the second temperature control channel 152 is more important. In this embodiment, the width of the first temperature control channel 151 and the second temperature control channel 152 is 2-45mm; preferably, the width of the first temperature control channel 151 and the second temperature control channel 152 is 3-35mm, more preferably, the width of the first temperature control channel 151 and the second temperature control channel 152 is 2-25mm, and most preferably, the width of the first temperature control channel 151 and the second temperature control channel 152 is 10-25mm. In this embodiment, the width of the first temperature control channel 151 and the second temperature control channel 152 is 15mm. In addition, the proportion of the first gasket 15 on the battery surface will also affect the mechanical properties of the battery cell 10 and the heat exchange efficiency between the temperature control medium and the battery cell 10. In this embodiment, the ratio of the sum of the areas on the battery surface in contact with all the first gaskets 15 to the surface area of ​​the battery surface is 20%-80%, preferably 30%-50%. Specifically, in this embodiment, the ratio of the sum of the areas on the battery surface in contact with all the first gaskets 15 to the surface area of ​​the battery surface is 40%. Figure 4-5As shown, through simulation analysis, it can be known that in this embodiment, by arranging the first gasket 15 in an array in the inter-row gap channel 11, the temperature uniformity between the battery cells 10 is better, and the temperature difference between different areas of the same battery cell 10 is also small; the flow velocity of the temperature control medium in the first temperature control channel 151 and the second temperature control channel 152 is evenly distributed.

[0065] Specifically, the second gasket 16 is a diamond-shaped gasket, a square gasket or a parallelogram-shaped gasket. Figure 6-8 As shown, the second gasket 16 of the embodiment is rhombus-shaped. Of course, in some other embodiments, the second gasket 16 may also be a square gasket, a rectangular gasket, a parallelogram gasket, etc., which will not be repeated. The second gasket 16 is arranged in an array along the third direction and the fourth direction parallel to the side of the battery, and the third direction and the fourth direction are respectively parallel to the two adjacent sides of the second gasket 16. In this embodiment, the second gaskets 16 are arranged at intervals and form a second temperature control channel array located on the side of the battery between the gaskets. The second temperature control channel array includes a plurality of third temperature control channels 161 parallel to the third direction and a plurality of fourth temperature control channels 162 parallel to the fourth direction, and the third temperature control channels 161 and the fourth temperature control channels 162 are staggered. In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, the angles between the third temperature control channel 161 and the fourth temperature control channel 162 and the vertical plane perpendicular to the side of the battery are equal.

[0066] Of course, the second gasket 16 may also be arranged in other forms. Specifically, since the pressure of expansion and deformation on the battery side during the battery charging and discharging process is relatively small, and the heat transferred from the battery inside to the battery side is also relatively small, the second gasket 16 may be symmetrically arranged only on the upper and lower parts of the battery side, such as Figure 9-10 At the same time, in order to improve the flow-guiding effect on the temperature control medium, in this embodiment, the width of the second gasket 16 located at the lower part of the battery side in the horizontal direction gradually increases and then gradually decreases along the vertical upward direction. Specifically, the second gasket 16 of this embodiment is a pentagonal gasket. Of course, in some other embodiments, at least one through channel 163 running through the upper and lower ends of the second gasket 16 can also be provided in the middle of the second gasket 16 to improve the flow performance of the temperature control medium. In this case, the second gasket 16 can also be regarded as consisting of at least two gaskets.

[0067] The energy storage module also includes a liquid inlet 18 connected to the internal channel. The liquid inlet 18 of this embodiment is arranged on the bottom plate 20. The bottom plate 20 of this embodiment is provided with a liquid inlet shunt channel for distributing the temperature control medium to the inter-row gap channel 11 and the inter-column gap channel 12. Specifically, the liquid inlet shunt channel includes at least one shunt channel 21, and the side wall of the shunt channel 21 is provided with a liquid inlet shunt port 22 connected to the internal channel at intervals. Specifically, when the shunt channel 21 is set to one, the liquid inlet 18 is connected to the shunt channel 21, such as Fig.11 When the flow diversion channel 21 is set to at least two, the liquid inlet flow diversion channel includes a distribution channel 23, and all the flow diversion channels 21 are connected to the distribution channel 23, such as Figure 12-15 Specifically, in this embodiment, the distribution channel 23 is perpendicular to the diversion channel 21. Further, when the diversion channel 21 is provided as one, the diversion channel 21 is located in the middle of the bottom plate 20, and the side walls of the diversion channel 21 are provided with liquid inlet diversion ports 22 respectively, so that the temperature control medium is diverted from the two sides of the diversion channel 21 to the internal channel, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 When there are two diversion channels 21, the two diversion channels 21 are located on both sides of the bottom plate 10, and a liquid diversion port 22 is provided on the inner side walls of the two diversion channels 21, so that the temperature control medium enters the inner channel from the inner side walls of the two diversion channels 21. Figure 12-13 When there are at least three diversion channels 21, all the diversion channels 21 are arranged on the bottom plate at intervals, and two of the diversion channels 21 are located on both sides of the bottom plate; specifically, the two sides of the diversion channel 21 located in the middle are respectively provided with liquid inlet diversion ports 22, and the inner side walls of the diversion channels 21 located on both sides are provided with liquid inlet diversion ports 22; Figure 14-15 , which is a schematic structural diagram when there are three diversion channels 21 .

[0068] In some embodiments, Fig.13 As shown, a first rough element 24 for diverting the temperature control medium is provided in the distribution channel 23. The first rough element 24 has the function of diverting the temperature control medium in the distribution channel 23, so that the first rough element 24 allows the temperature control medium in the distribution channel 23 to enter the diversion channel 21 according to the set flow ratio. Figure 11-15As shown, in some embodiments, a second rough element 25 for guiding the temperature control medium is provided on the bottom plate 20 corresponding to the shunt channel 21. The second rough element 25 can support the battery cell 10 on the one hand, and can shunt the temperature control medium entering from the shunt channel 21 on the other hand, so that the temperature control medium is more evenly distributed in the internal channel, thereby improving the temperature uniformity performance of each battery cell 10 in the battery pack. Specifically, in some embodiments, a plurality of support columns for supporting the battery cell 10 are arranged at intervals on the top surface of the second rough element 25, so that the temperature control medium can flow on the opposite side of the battery cell 10 and exchange heat with the bottom surface of the battery cell 10. Specifically, the second rough elements 25 are arranged in an array and a bottom plate channel located on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20 is formed between the second rough elements 25. The bottom plate channel 25 includes a first bottom plate channel parallel to the shunt channel 21. In some embodiments, the width of the first bottom plate channel can be gradually increased from front to back or from back to front, and the width variation rule of the first bottom plate channel is the same as the width variation rule of the shunt channel 21. The bottom plate channel also includes a second bottom plate channel perpendicular to the first bottom plate channel. In some embodiments, among two adjacent second bottom plate channels, the width of a second bottom plate channel near the rear end is greater than or less than the width of a second bottom plate channel near the front end, and the width variation pattern of the two adjacent second bottom plate channels is the same as the width variation pattern of the diversion channel 21.

[0069] Specifically, Figure 14-15 As shown, the width of the shunt channel 21 gradually increases from front to back or from back to front. The width of the shunt channel 21 of this embodiment gradually increases from front to back. The width variation law of the shunt channel 21 is related to the viscosity of the temperature control medium. If the viscosity of the temperature control medium is low, the width of the shunt channel 21 can be set to gradually increase from back to front; if the viscosity of the temperature control medium is high, the width of the shunt channel 21 can be set to gradually increase from front to back. The width variation law of the shunt channel 21 can be defined by the angle between the side walls on both sides. For example, when the shunt channel 21 is located in the middle of the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, the angle between the side walls on both sides of the shunt channel 21 is 1°-5°, and the value of this embodiment is 2.2°; when the shunt channel 21 is located on both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, the angle between the side walls on both sides of the shunt channel 21 is 0.2°-1°, and the value of this embodiment is 0.4°. The width variation law of the diversion channel 21 can also be defined by the ratio of the maximum width to the minimum width. For example, when the diversion channel 21 is located in the middle of the upper surface of the base plate 20, the ratio between the maximum width and the minimum width of the diversion channel 21 is 2-5, and the value in this embodiment is 3.3; when the diversion channel 21 is located on both sides of the upper surface of the base plate 20, the ratio between the maximum width and the minimum width of the diversion channel 21 is 1-2, and the value in this embodiment is 1.5.

[0070] Specifically, Fig.11 , 14-15, for the convenience of processing, the shunt channel 21 of this embodiment adopts a groove structure arranged on the bottom plate 20, that is, the shunt channel 21 is a groove arranged on the bottom plate 20; specifically, a cover plate 26 corresponding to the shunt channel 21 is provided on the bottom surface of the battery pack, and the cover plate 26 is arranged on the lower hoop 17, as shown in Fig.16 As shown. The cover plate 6 covers the groove to form a channel structure. Of course, in some other embodiments, the diversion channel 21 can also be a channel structure directly arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, which will not be described in detail. Similarly, in order to facilitate processing, Figure 14-15 As shown, the distribution channel 23 of this embodiment is a groove-shaped structure arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, that is, the distribution channel is a groove arranged on the bottom plate 20, and a front cover plate 27 is arranged on the distribution channel 23, and the front cover plate 27 covers the distribution channel 23, and the liquid inlet 18 is arranged on the front cover plate 27. Of course, in some other embodiments, the distribution channel 23 can also be directly set as a channel structure on the upper surface of the bottom plate 20, and the liquid inlet 18 is directly arranged on the distribution channel 23 with a channel structure.

[0071] In this embodiment, an overflow structure is provided at the edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 20. Specifically, the overflow structure can be set as an overflow notch 28, such as Figure 7 It can also be set as an overflow hole 29, such as Figure 8 As shown. Overflow notches 28 or overflow holes 29 are arranged at intervals on the edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 20. Specifically, when the overflow structure is set as overflow notches 28, the liquid inlet end of the overflow notch 28 is located on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20, and the overflow liquid outlet end is located on the side of the bottom plate. When the overflow structure is set as overflow holes 29, the overflow holes 29 pass through the bottom surface and the side of the bottom plate 20, and the end of the overflow hole 29 located on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20 is the liquid inlet end, and the end located on the side of the bottom plate 20 is the overflow liquid outlet end. Specifically, in this embodiment, the overflow hole 29 is an inclined hole, and the angle between the center line of the overflow hole 29 and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20 is greater than or equal to 100°, and the inner diameter of the overflow hole 29 is 1.5-5mm. Specifically, the angle between the center line of the overflow hole 29 of this embodiment and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 20 is 120°, and the inner diameter of the overflow hole 29 is 2.2mm. Of course, in some other embodiments, the geometric dimensions and inclination angle of the overflow hole 29 can be adjusted according to the application scenario, which will not be described in detail.

[0072] The overflow notch 28 or overflow hole 29 of the present embodiment is arranged on the rear edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 20, and the liquid inlet 18 is arranged at the front end of the bottom plate 20. In this way, when at least two layers of energy storage modules constitute an energy storage assembly, and in two adjacent layers of energy storage modules, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module located in the lower layer overflows through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module in the upper layer, that is, in the energy storage module, the temperature control medium enters from the front side of the lower end of the internal channel and overflows from the rear side of the upper end of the internal channel, which can make the fluidity of the temperature control medium in the internal channel more balanced and improve the temperature uniformity performance.

[0073] Of course, in some other embodiments, the energy storage module may also adopt other liquid discharge methods, such as providing a liquid outlet on the energy storage module and connecting a suction pump to the liquid outlet, etc., which will not be elaborated herein.

[0074] At least two layers of energy storage modules as described above constitute an energy storage assembly, and in two adjacent layers of energy storage modules, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module located in the lower layer overflows through the overflow structure arranged on the bottom surface of the energy storage module in the upper layer.

[0075] Note: The battery surface refers to the surface with the largest surface area in the square shell battery; the battery side refers to the surface with the smallest surface area in the square shell battery except the top and bottom surfaces. The battery surface of the battery cell is located in the vertical direction and parallel to the X direction.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] like Figure 20-25 As shown, the liquid flow temperature control energy storage device of this embodiment includes a compartment 100, in which an energy storage bin 110 located in the middle and a top functional bin 120 and a bottom functional bin 130 located above and below the energy storage bin 110 are provided. Specifically, an energy storage assembly is provided in the energy storage bin 110, a safety box 121 and a top liquid inlet pipe 122 are provided in the top functional bin 120, and a liquid storage tank 131 is provided in the bottom functional bin 130. Specifically, in this embodiment, an overflow channel 111 and an immersion channel 112 independent of each other are provided between the side wall of the energy storage assembly and the inner side wall of the compartment 100, and the top liquid inlet pipe 122 is used to inject a temperature control medium into the immersion channel 112. In this embodiment, a top liquid inlet valve 123 is provided on the top liquid inlet pipe 122; a first connecting pipe 132 is provided between the bottom of the immersion channel 112 and the liquid storage tank 131, and a first control valve 133 is provided on the first connecting pipe 132; a second connecting pipe 134 is provided between the overflow channel 111 and the liquid storage tank 131, and a valve may not be provided on the second connecting pipe 134. Of course, a second control valve 135 may also be provided on the second connecting pipe 134, which will not be described in detail. A liquid return pipe 136 is connected to the liquid storage tank 131, and a liquid return control valve 137 is provided on the liquid return pipe 136.

[0078] like Fig.21As shown, in this embodiment, the immersion channels 112 are provided as three independent channels, and the three immersion channels 112 are respectively located between the front side, the left side and the right side of the energy storage assembly and the corresponding inner side of the compartment, while the overflow channel 111 is located between the rear side of the energy storage assembly and the inner side of the compartment 100. Top liquid inlet branches 1221 are respectively provided on the top liquid inlet pipe 122 corresponding to the three immersion channels 112, which are used to inject temperature control medium into the three immersion channels 112 respectively. First connecting pipes 132 are respectively provided between the three immersion channels 112 and the liquid storage tank 131, which are used to discharge the temperature control medium in the three immersion channels 112 into the liquid storage tank 131 respectively. In a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, a connecting port 1121 is provided between the tops of the three immersion channels 112, and the connecting port 1121 makes the liquid levels of the three immersion channels 112 equal. Specifically, the height of the connecting port 1121 is lower than the preset minimum liquid level in the immersion channel 112 under normal operating conditions. In this way, only one liquid level sensor needs to be provided in the energy storage bin 110 or the top functional bin 120 to detect the liquid levels of the three immersion channels 112 in real time.

[0079] The energy storage assembly of this embodiment includes at least two layers of energy storage modules 113, each layer of energy storage modules 113 is provided with a liquid inlet 18, and in two adjacent layers of energy storage modules 113, the overflow liquid height of the energy storage module 113 located in the next layer is greater than or equal to the bottom surface height of the energy storage module 113 located in the previous layer, so that it can be ensured that there is no air between the two adjacent layers of energy storage modules 113, so that the full immersion of the energy storage module is achieved under the condition of overflow circulation of the temperature control medium. In this embodiment, a first liquid inlet pipe 19 is connected to the liquid inlet 18, a second liquid inlet pipe 101 is provided in the compartment 100, and all first liquid inlet pipes 19 are connected to the second liquid inlet pipe 101. Specifically, a liquid inlet proportional valve 191 for controlling the liquid inlet flow rate of the corresponding energy storage module is provided on the first liquid inlet pipe 19 and / or the second liquid inlet pipe 101. In this embodiment, the liquid inlet proportional valve 191 is disposed on the first liquid inlet pipe 19, and can respectively control the liquid inlet flow rate of each energy storage module 113. Of course, in some other embodiments, the liquid inlet proportional valve can also be disposed on the second liquid inlet pipe 101, and the liquid inlet proportional valve can be disposed on both the first liquid inlet pipe 19 and the second liquid inlet pipe 101, which will not be described in detail.

[0080] Specifically, in this embodiment, the energy storage module 113 can adopt the energy storage module as described in Example 1, that is, an overflow structure is provided on the bottom surface of the energy storage module 113, and the overflow structure is connected to the overflow channel 111; the liquid inlet 18 is provided at the bottom of the front side of the energy storage module 113, and the overflow channel 111 is provided between the rear side of the energy storage assembly and the inner side of the compartment 100. In two adjacent layers of energy storage modules 113, the temperature control medium in the energy storage module 113 of the lower layer flows into the overflow channel 111 through the overflow structure provided on the bottom surface of the energy storage module 113 of the upper layer. Specifically, in this embodiment, an upper baffle 102 is provided above the uppermost layer of the energy storage module to be tightly matched therewith, and an overflow structure is provided on the upper baffle 102. Preferably, the overflow structure is provided at the rear edge position of the upper baffle 1-2, so that the temperature control medium in the uppermost layer of the energy storage module and the overflow liquid are consistent with the energy storage module below. The overflow structure is the same as or equivalent to the overflow structure of the energy storage assembly described in Example 1, and will not be described in detail.

[0081] A safety box 121 is provided in the top functional compartment of the present embodiment, and the safety box 121 is connected to the energy storage compartment 110. Sensors are provided in the safety box 121 of the present embodiment, in the overflow channel and / or on the top of the energy storage compartment, and the sensors are used to detect gas pressure, gas concentration and fire source. A safety exhaust valve 124 is installed on the safety box of the present embodiment, and the safety exhaust valve 124 is used to discharge the gas out of the compartment. Furthermore, an explosion-proof valve 125 is provided on the safety box 121 of the present embodiment, and the explosion-proof valve 125 is passively opened when the air pressure reaches the set second air pressure threshold. A releaser for releasing fire-fighting medium is provided in the top functional compartment 120 of the present embodiment. Specifically, the releaser of the present embodiment is an aerosol releaser, which can start the releaser to release the fire-fighting medium after the explosion-proof valve 125 is passively opened, so that the fire-fighting medium fills the top functional compartment 120. A liquid level sensor for measuring the liquid level height is provided in the safety box 121 and / or on the top of the immersion channel 112. Specifically, in this embodiment, liquid level sensors are respectively provided in the safety box 121 and the immersion channel 112. When the energy storage device is in normal operating conditions, the liquid level of the temperature control medium in the immersion channel 112 is measured in real time by the liquid level sensor provided in the immersion channel 112; when the energy storage device is in the first-level fire-fighting operating condition, the second-level fire-fighting operating condition and the third-level fire-fighting operating condition, the temperature control medium enters the safety box 121. At this time, the liquid level of the temperature control medium is detected by the liquid level sensor provided in the safety box 121.

[0082] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or changes made by technicians in the technical field on the basis of the present utility model are all within the protection scope of the present utility model. The protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the claims.

Claims

1. A liquid flow temperature control energy storage module, characterized in that: The battery pack includes end pressure plates at both ends and a plurality of battery cells between the two end pressure plates; the battery cells are arranged in an array, and a gasket support structure is provided between adjacent battery cells and between the battery cells and the end pressure plates; The gasket support structure includes a plurality of gaskets arranged at intervals, and the ratio of the sum of the contact areas of the surfaces of the battery cells with the gaskets to the surface area of ​​the battery cells is 20%-80%.

2. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the sum of the contact areas of the surface of the battery cell and the gasket to the surface area of ​​the surface of the battery cell is 30%-50%.

3. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the gaskets arranged on the surface is greater than or equal to 2 mm to form a flow channel for the temperature control medium to flow.

4. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 3, characterized in that: A non-supporting area is formed between the gaskets or between the gasket and the edge of the surface of the battery cell, and the diameter of a circle that can be accommodated in the non-supporting area is less than or equal to 45 mm.

5. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The diameter of the circle that can be accommodated in the non-support area is less than or equal to 25 mm.

6. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the circle that can be accommodated in the non-support area is less than or equal to 15 mm.

7. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the gasket is 1-10 mm.

8. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the gasket is 2-8 mm.

9. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the gasket is 3-6 mm.

10. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasket is circular, elliptical or polygonal.

11. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The polygons include triangles, rhombuses, squares and parallelograms.

12. The liquid flow temperature control energy storage module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pad array is arranged on the surface of the battery cell.

13. A liquid flow temperature controlled energy storage device, characterized in that: It comprises a liquid flow temperature controlled energy storage module as described in any one of claims 1 to 12.

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