Device capable of preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst area

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of roadbed collapse protection, and discloses a device capable of preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in a karst area, which comprises a road cushion layer, and geotechnical cloth is movably mounted on the upper surface of the road cushion layer. Through the arrangement of the steel wire rope, the armored optical fiber, the insertion rod, the soil pressure gauge and the rod type inclinometer, due to the design of the geotechnical cloth, the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber, when the inside of the road cushion layer or a soil layer below the road cushion layer collapses to form a soil hole, the geotechnical cloth, the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber can be matched with one another; by arranging the fixing mechanism, the lower cover can integrally connect the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber with the ground, so that the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber near the soil hole are prevented from being dragged into the soil hole, and the soil hole is prevented from being damaged by the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber. And the overall tensile capacity of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of roadbed collapse protection, in particular to a device capable of preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in a karst area. Background Art

[0002] Karst collapse is one of the main geological disasters in my country's karst areas. It is a disaster of ground deformation and destruction caused by karst action. Among them, soil cave collapse is the most common. Its specific form is that the soil above the karst cave is lost under the action of natural or human factors, forming soil caves, and expanding, and finally causing ground deformation and forming ground collapse pits. The area of ​​karst areas in my country is about 3.63 million square kilometers, accounting for more than one-third of my country's land area. Among them, the southwest region is the largest contiguous karst strong development area in my country. According to statistics, the mileage of existing highways in karst areas in the country is 42,420 km, and the mileage of highways in extremely high-risk areas and high-risk areas for ground collapse are 7,349 km and 5,735 km respectively. With the development of the economy, more high-speed railways, highways, oil pipelines and other projects will inevitably pass through karst areas, and karst problems such as roadbed collapse will become more prominent.

[0003] The direct cause of roadbed collapse is the loss of roadbed soil, which is highly concealed and gradual. According to my country's "Highway Roadbed Design Specifications", for caves with complete roofs, a roof thickness of more than 10 meters, and a cave span of less than 5 meters, no intervention is required during construction and construction can be carried out under normal circumstances. However, the soil above the cave will be lost under certain conditions to form soil caves. The upward development speed of the soil cave can reach 1.3 meters per year. A soil cave with a burial depth of about 10 meters only needs 6 years to develop to the ground and form a collapse. Some caves (soil caves) meet the requirements of the specifications when they are discovered and do not need to be treated, but construction After the completion and operation of the project, it is difficult to guarantee that these earth holes will not continue to expand and eventually cause sudden roadbed collapse. At present, the prevention and control measures for roadbed karst collapse are mainly aimed at the already explored underground caves (earth holes) by filling, grouting, compaction, crossing and even avoidance. Treating all caves (earth holes) one by one according to general methods will have a very adverse impact on the construction period, progress and cost of the project. In addition, it is difficult to monitor and control the prevention and control effect of karst collapse after treatment by traditional methods. Therefore, the development of a device and method for preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst areas has great engineering significance for road collapse prevention and early warning. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device capable of preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst areas, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solution: a device capable of preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst areas, comprising:

[0006] A road cushion, wherein a geotextile is movably installed on the upper surface of the road cushion;

[0007] A protection mechanism, which is arranged on the upper surface of the road cushion and below the geotextile;

[0008] The protection mechanism comprises a steel wire rope, the lower surface and the upper surface of the steel wire rope are respectively movably connected to the road cushion and the geotextile, and the outer surface of the steel wire rope is movably connected to the armored optical fiber;

[0009] A fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism being arranged on the top of the road cushion;

[0010] A sensing mechanism, wherein the sensing mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the armored optical fiber;

[0011] Wherein, the sensing mechanism comprises a data transmission line, the outer surface of the data transmission line is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber respectively, and the outer surface of the data transmission line is fixedly installed with an earth pressure gauge and a rod-type inclinometer respectively;

[0012] A data acquisition mechanism is arranged at the end of the armored optical fiber.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises:

[0014] A lower cover, wherein the outer surface of the lower cover is movably connected to the upper surface of the road cushion layer, a plug rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower cover, the bottom end of the plug rod extends to the inside of the road cushion layer, and the top of the lower cover is movably connected to the upper cover;

[0015] A screw hole is provided inside the lower cover, a bolt is sleeved on the inner thread of the lower cover, a top end of the bolt passes through the upper cover and extends to the upper part of the upper cover and is movably sleeved on the inner wall of the upper cover;

[0016] The fixing grooves are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the lower cover and the left and right sides of the lower surface of the upper cover, and a rubber sleeve is fixedly installed inside the fixing groove.

[0017] Preferably, the data collection mechanism includes:

[0018] A data collector, the outer surface of which is fixedly connected to the top of the data transmission line;

[0019] An optical fiber data collector, the outer surface of which is fixedly connected to the top of the armored optical fiber.

[0020] Preferably, the insertion rod is inserted into the interior of the road cushion layer, and the insertion depth is greater than 200 mm.

[0021] Preferably, the diameter of the steel wire rope is greater than seven millimeters, and the outer surface of the steel wire rope is treated to prevent rust.

[0022] Preferably, the fixing mechanism is arranged in a plum blossom pile layout on the upper surface of the road cushion.

[0023] The specific monitoring method of the device includes the following steps:

[0024] First, the operator places the lower cover on the upper surface of the road cushion layer, so that the insertion rod is inserted into the inside of the road cushion layer by at least 200 mm, and the plum blossom pile layout is adopted, so that the spacing between the lower covers is less than 300 mm, so as to ensure that the lower cover as a whole has sufficient tensile strength, and then the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber are alternately installed inside the fixing groove and located on the left and right sides of the lower cover respectively, and then the operator places the upper cover on the upper surface of the lower cover, and fixes the lower cover and the upper cover by inserting the bolts into the screw holes and rotating the bolts, thereby fixing the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber, and thus completing the laying of the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber;

[0025] Then the operator installs the data transmission line on the outer surface of the wire rope or armored optical fiber and ensures that the data transmission line is evenly spaced. Then the earth pressure gauge and rod inclinometer are installed on the outer surface of the data transmission line and ensure that the rod inclinometer and earth pressure gauge are evenly distributed, so that the changes in the ground soil and the changes in the earth pressure can be monitored in time.

[0026] Finally, the operator covers the geotextile on the upper surface of the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber, so that the geotextile can cover the outer surface of the earth pressure gauge and the rod inclinometer at the same time. After the geotextile is laid, the soil can be filled to continue the road construction. At this time, the data transmission line and the end of the armored optical fiber need to be extended above the ground, so that the data transmission line and the armored optical fiber are respectively connected to the data collector and the optical fiber data collector, thereby completing the overall layout of the device. When the road cushion or the soil layer under the road cushion collapses internally, the geotextile, steel wire rope and armored optical fiber can protect the ground and prevent the ground deformation from worsening. The armored optical fiber, earth pressure gauge and rod inclinometer can provide early warning and timely alarm.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0028] The utility model is provided with a steel wire rope, an armored optical fiber, a plug-in rod, an earth pressure gauge and a rod-type inclinometer. Due to the design of the geotextile, the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber, when a road cushion or a soil layer below the road cushion collapses to form an earth hole, the geotextile, the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber can cooperate with each other, so that the ground in the area where the earth hole has been formed can be protected, so that the ground deformation can be prevented from being aggravated. By providing a fixing mechanism, the lower cover as a whole can connect the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber to the ground, so that the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber near the earth hole are prevented from being dragged into the interior of the earth hole, and the tensile strength of the device as a whole is improved. Due to the design of the earth pressure gauge and the rod-type inclinometer, the device as a whole can monitor the ground situation in real time, so as to have the ability to provide early warning, so that the device can achieve the dual purposes of protection and early warning of karst roadbed collapse disasters, and is suitable for the deployment of road projects through areas prone to karst collapse to achieve the purpose of disaster prevention and mitigation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall layout structure of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front structural schematic diagram of the plug rod of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the fixing groove of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the plug rod of the utility model when viewed from above;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the layout and distribution structure of the fixing mechanism of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the utility model of alternately laying out the steel wire rope and the armored optical fiber;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the protective mechanism of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of the sensor mechanism of the utility model.

[0037] In the figure: 1. road cushion; 2. geotextile; 3. protection mechanism; 301. steel wire rope; 302. armored optical fiber; 4. fixing mechanism; 401. lower cover; 402. plug rod; 403. upper cover; 404. screw hole; 405. bolt; 406. fixing groove; 407. rubber sleeve; 5. sensing mechanism; 501. data transmission line; 502. soil pressure gauge; 503. rod inclinometer; 6. data acquisition mechanism; 601. data collector; 602. optical fiber data collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the embodiment of the utility model provides a device for preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst areas, including:

[0040] A road cushion layer 1, on the upper surface of which a geotextile 2 is movably installed;

[0041] A protection mechanism 3, which is arranged on the upper surface of the road cushion 1 and below the geotextile 2;

[0042] The protection mechanism 3 includes a steel wire rope 301, the lower surface and the upper surface of the steel wire rope 301 are movably connected to the road cushion 1 and the geotextile 2 respectively, and the outer surface of the steel wire rope 301 is movably connected to the armored optical fiber 302;

[0043] A fixing mechanism 4, the fixing mechanism 4 is arranged on the top of the road cushion layer 1;

[0044] A sensing mechanism 5, which is arranged on the outer surface of the armored optical fiber 302;

[0045] The sensing mechanism 5 includes a data transmission line 501, the outer surface of the data transmission line 501 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302, and the outer surface of the data transmission line 501 is fixedly installed with an earth pressure gauge 502 and a rod inclinometer 503;

[0046] The data acquisition mechanism 6 is arranged at the end of the armored optical fiber 302 .

[0047] When the soil layer collapses inside the road cushion 1 or below the road cushion 1, the steel wire rope 301, the armored optical fiber 302 and the geotextile 2 cooperate with each other to form a protective net, thereby protecting the ground and preventing the ground from further deformation. When the soil layer collapses inside the road cushion 1 or below the road cushion 1 to form a soil hole, the armored optical fiber 302 above the soil hole will be stretched to form a stretching section. The Brillouin spectrum of the stretching section of the optical fiber inside the armored optical fiber 302 will produce a frequency drift. The frequency drift is linearly related to the change in the optical fiber strain. By measuring the frequency shift change of the back Brillouin scattered light, the strain distribution of the entire optical fiber can be obtained, and then the change in the force of the protective net can be obtained.

[0048] Wherein, the fixing mechanism 4 includes:

[0049] A lower cover 401, the outer surface of the lower cover 401 is movably connected to the upper surface of the road cushion layer 1, the bottom of the lower cover 401 is fixedly connected to a plug rod 402, the bottom end of the plug rod 402 extends to the inside of the road cushion layer 1, and the top of the lower cover 401 is movably connected to an upper cover 403;

[0050] Screw hole 404, which is provided inside the lower cover 401. A bolt 405 is sleeved on the inner thread of the lower cover 401. The top end of the bolt 405 penetrates the upper cover 403 and extends to the top of the upper cover 403 and is movably sleeved on the inner wall of the upper cover 403;

[0051] The fixing grooves 406 are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the lower cover 401 and the left and right sides of the lower surface of the upper cover 403 , and a rubber sleeve 407 is fixedly installed inside the fixing grooves 406 .

[0052] By setting the fixing groove 406, it is convenient for the operator to place the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302 inside the fixing groove 406 for fixed installation. Due to the design of the rubber sleeve 407, the rubber sleeve 407 can protect the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302 and prevent the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302 from being worn.

[0053] Among them, the data collection mechanism 6 includes:

[0054] A data collector 601, the outer surface of which is fixedly connected to the top of the data transmission line 501;

[0055] The optical fiber data collector 602 has an outer surface fixedly connected to the top of the armored optical fiber 302 .

[0056] By setting up the data collector 601 and the optical fiber data collector 602, the changes in the ground and the changes in the soil pressure can be observed in real time.

[0057] The insertion rod 402 is inserted into the interior of the road cushion layer 1, and the insertion depth is greater than 200 mm.

[0058] The arrangement of the insertion rod 402 prevents the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302 near the soil hole from being dragged down when the road cushion 1 or the soil layer below the road cushion 1 collapses to form a soil hole.

[0059] The diameter of the steel wire rope 301 is greater than seven millimeters, and the outer surface of the steel wire rope 301 is treated to prevent rust.

[0060] The outer surface of the steel wire rope 301 is subjected to rust-proof treatment to prevent the steel wire rope 301 from being rusted due to long-term burial in the soil, thereby preventing the strength of the steel wire rope 301 from decreasing.

[0061] The fixing mechanism 4 is arranged on the upper surface of the road cushion layer 1 in a plum blossom pile layout.

[0062] The spacing between the fixing mechanisms 4 is less than three hundred millimeters, so that the fixing mechanisms 4 cooperate with the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302 to have sufficient strength.

[0063] The monitoring method of the device comprises the following steps:

[0064] First, the operator places the lower cover 401 on the upper surface of the road cushion 1 so that the insertion rod 402 is inserted into the road cushion 1 by at least 200 mm, and adopts a plum blossom pile layout so that the spacing between the lower covers 401 is less than 300 mm, thereby ensuring that the lower cover 401 as a whole has sufficient tensile strength. Then, the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302 are alternately installed inside the fixing groove 406 and are located on the left and right sides of the lower cover 401 respectively. Then, the operator places the upper cover 403 on the upper surface of the lower cover 401, and fixes the lower cover 401 and the upper cover 403 by inserting the bolt 405 into the screw hole 404 and rotating the bolt 405, thereby fixing the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302, thereby completing the laying of the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302;

[0065] Then the operator installs the data transmission line 501 on the outer surface of the steel wire rope 301 or the armored optical fiber 302 and ensures that the data transmission line 501 is evenly spaced, and then installs the soil pressure gauge 502 and the rod inclinometer 503 on the outer surface of the data transmission line 501 and ensures that the data rod inclinometer 503 and the soil pressure gauge 502 are evenly distributed, so that the changes in the ground soil and the changes in the soil pressure can be monitored in time;

[0066] Finally, the operator covers the geotextile 2 on the upper surface of the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302, so that the geotextile 2 can cover the outer surface of the earth pressure gauge 502 and the rod inclinometer 503 at the same time. After the geotextile 2 is laid, the soil can be filled to continue the road construction. At this time, the data transmission line 501 and the ends of the armored optical fiber 302 need to be extended above the ground, so that the data transmission line 501 and the armored optical fiber 302 are respectively connected to the data collector 601 and the optical fiber data collector 602, thereby completing the overall layout of the device. When the road cushion 1 or the soil layer below the road cushion 1 collapses internally, the geotextile 2, the steel wire rope 301 and the armored optical fiber 302 can protect the ground and prevent the ground from being deformed aggravated. The armored optical fiber 302, the earth pressure gauge 502 and the rod inclinometer 503 can provide early warning and timely alarm.

[0067] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst areas, characterized in that: Included are: A road cushion (1), wherein a geotextile (2) is movably mounted on the upper surface of the road cushion (1); A protection mechanism (3), wherein the protection mechanism (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the road cushion layer (1) and is located below the geotextile (2); The protection mechanism (3) comprises a steel wire rope (301), the lower surface and the upper surface of the steel wire rope (301) are movably connected to the road cushion (1) and the geotextile (2) respectively, and the outer surface of the steel wire rope (301) is movably connected to the armored optical fiber (302); A fixing mechanism (4), wherein the fixing mechanism (4) is arranged on the top of the road cushion layer (1); A sensing mechanism (5), wherein the sensing mechanism (5) is arranged on the outer surface of the armored optical fiber (302); The sensing mechanism (5) comprises a data transmission line (501), the outer surface of the data transmission line (501) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the steel wire rope (301) and the armored optical fiber (302), and the outer surface of the data transmission line (501) is fixedly mounted with an earth pressure gauge (502) and a rod-type inclinometer (503); A data acquisition mechanism (6), wherein the data acquisition mechanism (6) is arranged at the end of the armored optical fiber (302).

2. The device for preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (4) comprises: A lower cover (401), the outer surface of the lower cover (401) being movably connected to the upper surface of the road cushion (1), the bottom of the lower cover (401) being fixedly connected to a plug rod (402), the bottom end of the plug rod (402) extending to the inside of the road cushion (1), and the top of the lower cover (401) being movably connected to an upper cover (403); A screw hole (404), wherein the screw hole (404) is provided inside the lower cover (401), and a bolt (405) is sleeved on the inner thread of the lower cover (401), and the top end of the bolt (405) passes through the upper cover (403) and extends to the top of the upper cover (403) and is movably sleeved on the inner wall of the upper cover (403); The fixing groove (406) is respectively provided on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the lower cover (401) and the left and right sides of the lower surface of the upper cover (403), and a rubber sleeve (407) is fixedly installed inside the fixing groove (406).

3. The device for preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data collection mechanism (6) comprises: A data collector (601), wherein the outer surface of the data collector (601) is fixedly connected to the top of the data transmission line (501); An optical fiber data collector (602), wherein the outer surface of the optical fiber data collector (602) is fixedly connected to the top end of the armored optical fiber (302).

4. The device for preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst areas according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The insertion rod (402) is inserted into the interior of the road cushion layer (1) to a depth greater than 200 millimeters.

5. The device for preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the steel wire rope (301) is greater than seven millimeters, and the outer surface of the steel wire rope (301) is subjected to rust prevention treatment.

6. The device for preventing and monitoring roadbed collapse in karst areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (4) is arranged in a plum blossom pile pattern and is arranged on the upper surface of the road cushion layer (1).

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