Device for efficiently removing and recycling heavy metal in soil

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for efficiently removing and recycling heavy metals in soil. The device comprises a leaching device, a constant flow pump and a function waveform generator, the leaching device comprises a soil leaching filtering area and an electrochemical reaction area; a detachable porous movable baffle is arranged at the upward 1 / 4 position of the bottom of the soil leaching and filtering area, soil is placed in the space above the baffle, a filtering material is arranged below the baffle, leacheate is added, and a pressurizer is installed at the upper end of the soil leaching and filtering area to preliminarily leach and filter the soil in the soil leaching and filtering area; the soil leaching and filtering area is arranged on the electrochemical reaction area, an electrode chamber is arranged in the electrochemical reaction area, and an electrode is communicated with a function waveform generator; the top end of the soil leaching filtering area is connected with a constant-flow pump through a hose, the lower end of the electrochemical reaction area is communicated with the constant-flow pump through a hose and a valve, and the constant-flow pump is used for enabling leacheate to circularly flow through the whole leaching device. The heavy metal removal and recovery process is simple, the heavy metal recovery cost is low, and the green sustainable development concept is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a device capable of efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil, belonging to the technical field of materials and electrochemistry. Background Art

[0002] Heavy metal pollution is a common type of soil pollution. Electrochemical elution equipment can effectively remove heavy metals in soil and solution. It is an efficient, low-cost and environmentally friendly soil remediation technology. Its principle is to use electrochemical reactions to reduce heavy metal ions into metal precipitates, thereby achieving the purpose of removing heavy metal ions.

[0003] Existing heavy metal treatment methods cannot completely remove heavy metals from the soil, and the solidified heavy metals are unstable. Excessive solidifying agents will have adverse effects on the physical and chemical properties of the soil or lead to secondary pollution problems, which are not suitable for removing heavy metal pollution in actual production and life. Some treatment cycles are long, the effects are slow, and the price is expensive. They are not suitable for the current urgent problem of heavy metal contaminated soil remediation and cannot achieve the purpose of resource utilization. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a heavy metal leaching device that can efficiently remove heavy metals from the soil and effectively recover the removed heavy metals in order to achieve efficient and low-carbon treatment of soil pollution control and resource processing and recovery of heavy metals.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following solutions:

[0006] A device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil comprises a leaching device, a constant current pump and a function waveform generator; the leaching device comprises a soil leaching and filtering area and an electrochemical reaction area; a detachable multi-porous movable baffle is provided at the 1 / 4 position upward from the bottom of the soil leaching and filtering area, soil is placed in the space above the baffle, a filter material is arranged below the baffle, a leaching liquid is added, the soil leaching and filtering area is placed above the electrochemical reaction area, the two are connected by a plastic hose and a valve in the middle, an electrode chamber is arranged in the electrochemical reaction area, the electrode chamber comprises an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are connected to a function waveform generator, and the function waveform generator can adjust the voltage parameters applied to the electrodes; the top of the soil leaching and filtering area is connected to the constant current pump by a plastic hose, the lower end of the electrochemical reaction area is connected to the constant current pump through a plastic hose and a valve, and the constant current pump is used to make the leaching liquid circulate through the entire leaching device.

[0007] Preferably, the soil elution and filtration area is cylindrical in shape as a whole, with a circular cover with an opening on the top, connected to a constant flow pump through a rubber hose. A pressure pump is installed on the rubber hose at the top of the device, and when the elution liquid is added, the elution liquid and soil in the soil elution and filtration area are pressurized so that the elution liquid quickly washes the soil.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the soil leaching and filtration zone is funnel-shaped, and a first square baffle with a circular hole in the center is arranged between the soil leaching and filtration zone and the electrochemical reaction zone. The bottom of the soil leaching and filtration zone is placed in the circular hole of the square baffle, and support columns are arranged at the four corners below the first square baffle.

[0009] Preferably, a valve is provided at the funnel-shaped center at the bottom of the soil leaching and filtration zone, and the valve is connected to the electrochemical reaction zone through a plastic hose.

[0010] Preferably, the electrochemical reaction zone body is cylindrical, with a square connecting baffle on the top and a connecting base at the base. The support column is used to connect the first square baffle and the connecting baffle. The connecting base is provided with screw holes for fixing the cylindrical area to the electrode chamber by screws.

[0011] Preferably, the electrode chamber consists of a second square baffle with a groove located at the center of the bottom, an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a rubber gasket, the anode electrode is located at the top and the cathode electrode is located at the bottom, the edges of the two electrodes are separated by a rubber gasket made of insulating waterproof material, and a circular hole for liquid circulation is provided in the center of the two electrodes.

[0012] Preferably, the gap between the two electrodes is 0.5-1.0 cm.

[0013] Preferably, four cylindrical support columns are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the second square baffle with grooves to support the entire rinsing device.

[0014] Preferably, the square baffle with grooves has a funnel-shaped groove, the lower end of the groove is connected to a plastic hose through a valve and is connected to a constant flow pump, which is used to control the flow rate of the liquid in the device and allow the solution to circulate through the entire device, thereby realizing the recycling of the eluent.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0016] The heavy metal removal and recovery process of the utility model is simple, the heavy metal recovery cost is low, and the industrialization potential is strong. This technology realizes the resource utilization of hazardous wastes and reduces heavy metals to a single substance state, which not only reduces the toxicity of ionic heavy metals and reduces their mobility, but also provides convenience for the resource utilization of heavy metals. In addition, this system has a short treatment cycle, quick results, and is not prone to secondary pollution, which is suitable for actual hazardous waste treatment and pollution problems. At the same time, heavy metals can be recycled and reused, creating economic benefits while controlling pollution, turning waste into treasure, and is suitable for various heavy metal-contaminated industrial sites and industrial wastewater hazardous waste treatment markets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 The utility model is a general schematic diagram of a leaching system for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in a solution.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the rinsing device of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode chamber structure of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rinsing device of the utility model.

[0022] Wherein: 1-top hole cover, 2-porous movable baffle, 3-soil leaching and filtration area, 4-valve, 5-first square baffle, 6-support column, 7-hole cover, 8-electrochemical reaction area, 81-connecting baffle, 82-connecting base, 9-screw; 10-rubber gasket, 11-second square baffle with groove, 111-anode electrode, 112-cathode electrode; 100-elution device; 200-constant current pump; 300-function waveform generator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, realize the resource utilization of hazardous wastes, and reduce heavy metals to a single substance state, which not only reduces the toxicity of ionic heavy metals and reduces their mobility, but also provides convenience for the resource utilization of heavy metals. In addition, the system has a short treatment cycle, quick results, and is not prone to secondary pollution, so it is suitable for actual hazardous waste treatment and pollution problems. At the same time, heavy metals can be recycled and reused, creating economic benefits while controlling pollution, turning waste into treasure, and is suitable for various heavy metal-contaminated industrial sites and industrial wastewater hazardous waste treatment markets.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil, including a leaching device 100, a soil leaching and filtering zone 3, an electrochemical reaction zone 8, an electrode chamber, a function waveform generator 300, and a constant current pump 200. The body of the leaching device 100 is made of acrylic plastic. The upper end of the soil leaching and filtering zone 3 is connected to the constant current pump 200 by a plastic hose. When the leaching liquid is added, a pressure pump can be installed at the upper end of the zone to make the leaching liquid pass through the soil leaching and filtering zone 3 quickly. The soil leaching and filtering zone 3 is placed above the electrochemical reaction zone 8, and the two are connected by a plastic hose. The plastic hose is connected to the valve 4, and an electrode chamber is arranged in the electrochemical reaction zone 8. The electrode chamber is composed of a square baffle 11 with a groove, an anode electrode 111, a cathode electrode 112 and a rubber gasket 10. The anode electrode 111 and the cathode electrode 112 are connected to the function waveform generator 300, and the function waveform generator 300 can adjust the voltage parameters applied to the electrode. The lower end of the electrochemical reaction zone 8 is connected to the constant flow pump 200 through the plastic hose and the valve 4, and the constant flow pump 200 can make the eluent circulate through the entire eluent device 100.

[0028] Each part of the elution device 100 is supported and connected by four support columns 6 in the middle and separated by the first square baffle 5. The soil elution and filtration area 3 is cylindrical as a whole, with a circular cover 1 with an opening on the top, which is connected to one end of the constant flow pump 200 by a rubber hose. The soil to be treated is added to the device from the top by opening the circular cover 1. There is a porous movable baffle 2 at the top 1 / 4 of the bottom of the area. The soil containing heavy metals to be treated is placed in the space above the baffle, and some simple filter materials are placed under the baffle and added to the elution liquid to perform preliminary elution and filtration on the soil. In addition, a pressure pump can be installed on the top of the device. Pressurizing the elution liquid and soil in the soil elution and filtration area can make the elution liquid quickly flush the soil, thereby saving elution time and increasing the elution speed. The bottom of the area is funnel-shaped, with a liquid valve 4 in the center, connected to a plastic hose, and opening the liquid valve 4 allows the solution to be treated to flow into the electrochemical reaction area 8 along the plastic hose.

[0029] The electrochemical reaction zone 8 is a hollow cylinder with a connection base 82 with six screw holes, located below the soil leaching and filtering zone 3, and connected to the soil leaching and filtering zone 3 by the above-mentioned plastic hose and four surrounding support columns 6. The top of the zone is provided with a connecting baffle 81 connected to a part of the square, and the base is provided with a connecting base 82 with six screw holes. The connecting base 82 is provided with six screw holes for screwing the screws 9, which are used to connect the hollow cylinder with the electrode chamber including two electrodes, a rubber gasket 10 and a second square baffle 11 with grooves and six screw holes below as a whole.

[0030] Before starting elution, install the electrode sheet in the electrode chamber, connect the upper electrode to the positive pole of the transformer of the function waveform generator, and act as an anode, connect the lower electrode to the negative pole of the transformer of the function waveform generator, and act as a cathode, the edges of the two electrodes are separated by an insulating waterproof material rubber gasket 10, and there is a gap of 0.5-1.0cm between the two electrodes in the working area. After installation, tighten the six screws 9 to fix the electrode sheet between the connection base 82 and the square bottom baffle. The removal and recovery of heavy metals by the electrode sheet can be adjusted by adjusting the frequency, duty cycle, waveform, positive and negative pressure of the function waveform generator.

[0031] The square bottom baffle at the lower end of the electrode chamber has four cylindrical support columns 6 for supporting the entire device. The lower end of the groove of the second square baffle 11 with a groove has a funnel connected to the liquid valve 4. The solution filled between the two electrodes is connected to the other end of the constant flow pump through the valve 4 and the plastic hose. The constant flow pump 200 can control the flow rate of the liquid in the device so that the solution in the device circulates through the entire device, which not only realizes the recycling of the eluent, but also reduces the loss of nutrient ions in the heavy metal-contaminated soil, thereby achieving the purpose of resource utilization.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] In this embodiment, heavy metals in soil are taken as an example. The electrode sheet is trimmed into two electrodes according to the size of the filtering equipment and installed in the electrode chamber. The upper electrode is connected to the positive electrode and the lower electrode is connected to the negative electrode. The edges of the two electrodes are separated by an insulating waterproof material rubber gasket 10. There is a gap of 0.5-1.0 cm between the two electrodes in the processing working area.

[0034] Close the liquid valve 4, install the porous baffle 2 in the elution and filtration area 3, put some simple filter materials under the baffle 2, add the soil containing heavy metals into the elution and filtration area 3, and add the corresponding proportion of elution liquid. Connect the two ends of the constant current pump 200 to the top and bottom of the device, and set the specific flow rate. Connect the positive and negative electrodes of the electrodes in the electrode chamber to the function waveform generator 300, and set various electrochemical parameters of the function waveform generator 300. Open the liquid valve 4, start the constant current pump 200 and the function waveform generator 300. After a period of elution reaction, the positive and negative electrodes are removed, and a large amount of electrochemical deposits of heavy metals are attached to the surface of the negative electrode. Most of the deposits can be recovered by washing with deionized water, and the remaining small amount of heavy metals located inside the filter electrode can be washed with low-concentration nitric acid to achieve recovery. Intermittent sampling during the reaction process tests the concentration changes of heavy metals in the soil to observe the removal efficiency.

[0035] The function waveform generator is a commercially available one, such as the Puyuan RIGOL function arbitrary waveform generator DG1022Z purchased from Beijing Puyuan Jingdian Technology Co., Ltd., a square wave pulse signal source with a maximum output power of 25MHz. The series function / generator is a multifunctional signal generator that integrates the functions of function generator, arbitrary waveform generator, noise generator, pulse generator, harmonic generator, analog / digital modulator, frequency meter, etc.

[0036] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the utility model. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the utility model.

Claims

1. A device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil, characterized in that: It comprises a rinsing device (100), a constant flow pump (200) and a function waveform generator (300); The elution device (100) comprises a soil elution and filtration area (3) and an electrochemical reaction area (8); A detachable porous movable baffle (2) is provided at the upper 1 / 4 position of the bottom of the soil leaching and filtering area (3); soil is placed in the space above the porous movable baffle (2); a filter material is provided below the porous movable baffle (2); and a leaching liquid is added to perform preliminary leaching and filtering on the soil; The soil leaching and filtering area (3) is placed above the electrochemical reaction area (8), and the two are connected by a plastic hose and a valve (4). An electrode chamber is arranged in the electrochemical reaction area (8), and the electrode chamber includes an anode electrode (111) and a cathode electrode (112). The anode electrode (111) and the cathode electrode (112) are connected to a function waveform generator (300), and the function waveform generator (300) can adjust the voltage parameters applied to the electrodes; The top of the soil elution and filtration zone (3) is connected to a constant flow pump (200) via a plastic hose, and the lower end of the electrochemical reaction zone (8) is connected to the constant flow pump (200) via a plastic hose and a valve (4), and the constant flow pump (200) is used to circulate the elution liquid through the entire elution device (100); A pressure pump is installed on the rubber hose at the top of the soil leaching and filtering area (3) to perform pressure leaching on the soil in the soil leaching and filtering area (3).

2. The device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the soil leaching and filtering area (3) is funnel-shaped, and a first square baffle (5) with a circular hole in the center is provided between the soil leaching and filtering area (3) and the electrochemical reaction area (8). The bottom of the soil leaching and filtering area (3) is placed in the circular hole of the first square baffle (5), and support columns (6) are provided at the four corners below the first square baffle (5).

3. The device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A valve (4) is provided at the funnel-shaped center at the bottom of the soil leaching and filtering area (3), and the valve (4) is connected to the electrochemical reaction area (8) via a plastic hose.

4. The device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrochemical reaction zone (8) is cylindrical in shape, with a square connecting baffle (81) on its top and a connecting base (82) on its base. The support column (6) is used to connect the first square baffle (5) and the connecting baffle (81). The connecting base (82) is provided with screw holes for fixing the cylindrical area on the electrode chamber by screws.

5. The device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode chamber is composed of a second square baffle (11) with a groove at the center of the bottom, an anode electrode (111), a cathode electrode (112) and a rubber gasket (10), wherein the anode electrode (111) is located at the top and the cathode electrode (112) is located at the bottom, the edges of the two electrodes are separated by a rubber gasket (10) made of an insulating waterproof material, and a circular hole for liquid circulation is provided at the center of the two electrodes.

6. The device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gap between the two electrodes is 0.5-1.0 cm.

7. The device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: Four cylindrical support columns (6) are arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the second square baffle (11) with grooves, for supporting the entire rinsing device (100).

8. The device for efficiently removing and recovering heavy metals in soil according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second square baffle (11) with a groove has a funnel-shaped groove, and the lower end of the groove is connected to a plastic hose through a valve (4) and communicated with a constant flow pump (200). The constant flow pump (200) is used to control the flow rate of the liquid in the device and allow the solution to circulate through the entire device, thereby realizing the recycling of the eluent.

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