Tool for measuring carbon slide plate gap of pantograph

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tool for measuring a carbon slide plate gap of a pantograph, and relates to the technical field of measuring instruments. The device comprises a base, the base is provided with a horizontal reciprocating mechanism, the horizontal reciprocating mechanism is connected with a driving mechanism, and the horizontal reciprocating mechanism is provided with a laser, a reflecting mirror for reflecting light rays of the laser to a detected object and an imaging mirror for receiving diffuse reflection light rays of the detected object. The technical scheme that the imaging mirror is electrically connected with the driving mechanism has the beneficial effects of convenience in measurement, rapidness in measurement and accuracy in measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of measuring instruments, in particular to a tool for measuring the gap of a pantograph carbon slide plate. Background Art

[0002] High-speed locomotives and subway locomotives are very common in daily life. Their power supply is provided by the power cable suspended above the locomotive's travel track, and the power is introduced into the locomotive through the contact between the pantograph installed above the locomotive and the power cable. The pantograph is a key component of the electric locomotive. By lifting the pantograph, the upper surface of the carbon slide on the pantograph contacts the power cable above the railway. And during the locomotive's travel, it continuously obtains power by sliding in the form of mutual surface friction.

[0003] The gap of the carbonized plate refers to the installation gap between the horn of the pantograph and the carbonized plate; they are installed together on a carbonized plate substrate; according to the manufacturing and use specifications of the pantograph, the gap between the horn and the carbonized plate must be controlled within a certain numerical range. When the vehicle has been used for a certain period of time, the gap of the carbonized plate needs to be inspected and adjusted, or when the carbon slide plate is worn out and scrapped, the gap of the carbonized plate needs to be readjusted when a new carbon slide plate is replaced; this requires the use of a gap measurement tool.

[0004] There are two ways to measure the gap of the pantograph carbon slide: manual measurement and tool measurement. The usual manual measurement method is to use a feeler gauge or a sloped feeler gauge for insertion contact measurement. This measurement method inserts the feeler gauge directly into the gap of the carbon slide, and manually feels whether the thickness of the inserted ruler is just right, and then observes the thickness superposition value of the feeler gauge to obtain the gap measurement value; the measurement value using this method is subjective and has a large measurement error. The existing tool measurement method mainly uses the probe method. The probe needs to slide on the surface of the pantograph carbon slide and needs to contact the surface of the object. For the larger gap of the pantograph carbon slide, the probe is easy to get stuck in the gap.

[0005] Therefore, the prior art needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the manual measurement in the prior art has large errors and the measuring range of the tool is limited. The utility model aims to provide a tool for measuring the gap of the carbon slide plate of the pantograph, which adopts corresponding technical means and has the beneficial effects of convenient measurement, accurate measurement and a large measuring range.

[0007] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A tool for measuring the gap of a pantograph carbon slide plate comprises a base and a processing module, wherein the base is provided with a horizontal reciprocating mechanism, the horizontal reciprocating mechanism is connected to a driving mechanism, the horizontal reciprocating mechanism is provided with a laser, a reflecting mirror for reflecting the light of the laser to an object to be inspected, and an imaging mirror for receiving diffusely reflected light from the object to be inspected, and the imaging mirror and the driving mechanism are both electrically connected to the processing module.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the pantograph carbon slide is placed on the platform to be tested, and then the laser and the imaging mirror are started. The laser light of the laser is directed to the reflector, and the reflector reflects the laser light to the upper surface of the pantograph carbon slide. The light is diffusely reflected on the surface of the pantograph carbon slide, and part of the diffusely reflected light is directed to the lens of the imaging mirror. Then the driving mechanism drives the horizontal reciprocating mechanism to move horizontally, and then the laser, the reflector, and the imaging mirror also move horizontally, and the light reflected by the reflector moves on the surface of the pantograph carbon slide. When the light reflected by the reflector scans on the surface of the pantograph carbon slide, the imaging mirror can receive the diffusely reflected light and complete the photoelectric signal conversion of the imaging light spot on the photosensitive surface. When the light reflected by the reflector scans the gap of the pantograph carbon slide, the imaging mirror fails to receive the diffusely reflected light and the light spot becomes dark. By combining the change of the light spot brightness during the scanning process with the moving distance of the driving mechanism, the size of the gap can be calculated.

[0010] Furthermore, in the utility model, the above-mentioned driving mechanism is configured as a motor connected to the base, the horizontal reciprocating mechanism includes a spring connected to the base, the spring is connected to a movable plate, the motor is provided with a cam abutting against the movable plate, and the laser, the reflector and the imaging mirror are all arranged on the movable plate.

[0011] Furthermore, in the utility model, the base is provided with a horizontal guide rail, the horizontal guide rail is provided with a slider, and the slider is connected to the movable plate.

[0012] Furthermore, in the utility model, the base is provided with a first column, the movable plate is provided with a second column, and both ends of the spring are respectively connected to the first column and the second column.

[0013] Furthermore, in the present invention, the above-mentioned reflector is configured as a semi-transparent reflector, and the imaging mirror is located directly above the reflector that reflects the light of the laser vertically downward to the object to be inspected.

[0014] Furthermore, in the present invention, the base is provided with a shading plate, and the shading plate is provided with light-transmitting holes for the light reflected by the semi-transparent reflector to the inspected object and the light diffusely reflected by the inspected object to pass through.

[0015] Furthermore, in the present invention, an object distance limiting rod for limiting the distance to the surface of the inspected object is provided at the bottom of the above-mentioned shading plate.

[0016] Furthermore, in the utility model, a lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the base.

[0017] Furthermore, in the utility model, the processing module includes a CPU board, a switch, a drive circuit, a signal amplifier circuit and a digital-to-analog conversion circuit, the signal amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the imaging mirror, and the drive circuit is electrically connected to the drive mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, in the present invention, the processing module is electrically connected to a photocell.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Large measuring range: Due to the non-contact measurement, the laser beam of the laser is directed to the reflector, which reflects the laser beam to the upper surface of the carbon slide of the pantograph, and the diffusely reflected beam is directed to the lens of the imaging mirror. Using light instead of the probe for detection is not affected by the gap width and has a larger detection range.

[0021] 2. Accurate measurement structure: By measuring the change in the brightness of the light spot during the scanning process and combining it with the moving distance of the drive mechanism, the size of the gap can be calculated. The influence of subjective factors is eliminated, and the measurement structure is more accurate compared to manual measurement. When testing multiple pantograph carbon slides, there is no need to frequently use a feeler gauge, and the measurement is more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present utility model, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present utility model. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a front schematic diagram of a tool for measuring the gap of a pantograph carbon slide plate of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a side schematic diagram of a tool for measuring the gap of a carbon slide plate of a pantograph according to the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the electric control of the tool for measuring the gap of the carbon slide plate of the pantograph.

[0026] Markings and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings: 1-base, 2-horizontal guide rail, 3-movable plate, 4-motor, 5-cam, 6-spring, 7-column one, 8-column two, 9-laser, 10-reflector, 11-shading plate, 12-laser measuring light, 13-imaging mirror, 14-photocell, 15-processing module, 16-object distance limiting rod, 17-pantograph horn, 18-carbon slide plate, 19-gap, 20-slider, 21-signal amplifier circuit, 22-digital-to-analog conversion circuit, 23-CPU board, 24-data display screen, 25-switch, 26-driving circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model more clearly understood, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The schematic implementation manner of the utility model and its description are only used to explain the utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model.

[0028] The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal" and the like appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms “one”, “two”, etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In addition, the terms "horizontal" and "vertical" do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or vertical, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" means at least 2.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] Example

[0036] This embodiment provides a tool for measuring the gap of the pantograph carbon slide plate, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown,

[0037] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tool for measuring the pantograph carbon slide plate gap of this embodiment is mainly composed of a base 1, a horizontal reciprocating mechanism, a driving mechanism, a laser 9, a reflector 10, and an imaging mirror 13. The base 1 is used to provide an installation position for other components, the horizontal reciprocating mechanism is used to move and scan the light reflected by the reflector 10, the driving mechanism is used to drive the horizontal reciprocating mechanism to move and collect motion data, and the laser 9, the reflector 10, and the imaging mirror 13 are used for detection.

[0038] Further 1 combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the base 1 is a vertical flat plate, and two parallel horizontal guide rails 2 are installed on the front of the base 1. The horizontal guide rail 2 can be an I-shaped rail. The horizontal reciprocating mechanism is mainly composed of a moving plate 3 and a spring 6. Four sliders 20 are installed on the back of the moving plate 3, two of which are connected to the upper horizontal guide rail 2, and the other two sliders 20 are connected to the lower horizontal guide rail 2. The moving plate 3 can move horizontally along the horizontal guide rail 2.

[0039] Furthermore, Figure 1As shown, the driving mechanism adopts a motor 4 (such as a stepping motor) in the prior art. The motor 4 is installed on the left side of the base 1, and the main shaft of the motor 4 is vertically upward. The cam 5 is fixedly connected to the main shaft of the motor 4, and the motor 4 can drive the cam 5 to rotate. A column 1 7 is installed on the base 1, and a column 2 8 is installed on the movable plate 3. The column 2 8 and the column 1 7 are at the same level. The left and right ends of the spring 6 are respectively fixedly connected to the column 1 7 and the column 2 8. The spring 6 has a tendency to pull the movable plate 3 to the left, so that the left side of the movable plate 3 abuts against the wheel surface of the cam 5. After the motor 4 drives the cam 5 to rotate, the wheel surface of the cam 5 abuts against the left side of the movable plate 3, and the spring 6 has a tendency to pull to the left, so that the movable plate 3 can be moved horizontally to the left and right, and then the reflected light can be scanned horizontally.

[0040] In some implementations of this embodiment, the reflector 10 is a semi-transparent reflector 10, which has both reflective and light-transmitting properties. The semi-transparent reflector 10 is fixedly mounted on the movable plate 3, and the laser 9 is mounted on the right side of the semi-transparent reflector 10. The laser measuring light 12 emitted by the laser 9 is horizontally directed to the left toward the semi-transparent reflector 10, and the semi-transparent reflector 10 reflects the laser measuring light 12 vertically downward. The imaging mirror 13 is mounted on the movable plate 3, and the imaging mirror 13 is located directly above the movable plate 3. The light diffusely reflected from the object to be measured passes through the semi-transparent reflector 10 and is incident on the lens of the imaging mirror 13.

[0041] Furthermore, the processing module 15 is installed at the lower left corner of the moving plate 3, the photocell 14 is installed on the top of the moving plate 3, and the photocell 14, the imaging mirror 13, the motor 4, and the laser 9 are all connected to the processing module 15 through wires to achieve electrical control. The photocell 14 can convert light energy into electrical energy and store it. The processing module 15 is also electrically connected to a switch 25 for controlling the operation. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the processing module 15 includes an internal signal amplifier circuit 21, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit 22 and a CPU board 23, and the signal amplifier circuit 21 is electrically connected to the imaging mirror 13. The CPU board 23 is also connected to a data display screen 24 through a wire, and the data display screen 24 is used to display the gap 19 measurement value output by the CPU board 23. The motor 4 is connected to a drive circuit 26, and the drive circuit 26 is electrically connected to the CPU board 23, and the CPU board 23 controls the action of the drive circuit 26.

[0042] In some implementations of this embodiment, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a shading plate 11 is installed at the bottom of the movable plate 3. The shading plate 11 is provided with a light-transmitting hole, and the light-transmitting hole can allow the light reflected to the inspected object and the light diffusely reflected by the inspected object to pass through.

[0043] Furthermore, a lifting mechanism is installed at the bottom of the base 1. The lifting mechanism adopts an electric push rod in the prior art, which can easily adjust the height of the base 1. A vertical object distance limiting rod 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shading plate 11 to limit the distance to the surface of the object to be inspected, ensuring that the light spot imaging is just at the object distance focal plane of the imaging mirror 13.

[0044] The working principle of the tool for measuring the pantograph carbon slide plate gap of the utility model is as follows:

[0045] The hand-held tool for measuring the pantograph carbon slide gap is placed on the test table, and the pantograph carbon slide 18 is placed under the reflector 10. Then adjust the height so that the object distance limiting rod 16 contacts the upper surface of the pantograph horn 17 and keeps it vertical. The moving plate 3 is located on the left side of the horizontal guide rail 2, so that during measurement, the laser measurement light 12 can scan the pantograph horn 17, the gap 19, and the carbon slide 18 in sequence. Figure 3 The control principle diagram of the processing module 15 is shown in FIG. 2 . When the CPU board 23 of the processing module 15 receives the switch 25 pressed by the user to start measurement, the CPU board 23 sends a reset pulse command to the driving circuit 26 to drive the stepper motor 4 to rotate, and the cam 5 rotates to the starting position (reset position) of the measurement. The CPU board 23 stops sending pulses, and the stepper motor 4 stops moving. The laser 9 emits a laser measurement light 12, which is vertically emitted downward through the semi-transparent reflector 10 and directed to the pantograph carbon slide 18 below. After diffuse reflection by the pantograph horn 17 and the carbon slide 18, the diffusely reflected laser measurement light 12 passes vertically upward through the light-transmitting hole and the semi-transparent reflector 10, and converges on the photosensitive surface of the imaging mirror 13, forming a small voltage signal. The small voltage signal is amplified by the signal amplifier circuit 21, and then converted by the digital-to-analog conversion circuit 22, and quantized into an 8-bit digital quantity corresponding to the light intensity of the light spot. At this time, the number of pulses of the motor 4 is reset to zero, forming the light intensity coordinate value (0, light intensity value) at the reset position; the CPU board 23 of the processing module 15 continues to send a certain fixed number of pulses, and the light irradiated on the pantograph horn 17 moves a small distance from left to right. At this time, the digital-to-analog conversion circuit 22 collects the light intensity value again, forms the measurement data (position 1, light intensity 1), and stores it in the CPU board 23; in this way, the light scans the upper surface of the pantograph horn 17, the gap 19, and the carbon slide plate 18 from left to right, and obtains a complete light intensity distribution table (position n, light intensity n), which is used as the data for the CPU board 23 to calculate the size of the gap 19 later.

[0046] The program in the CPU board 23 scans the data table to find out the position where the first "dark spot" of the light spot intensity appears, which is used as the "starting position" of the gap 19; then, the position where the light spot jumps from dark to bright is found out, which is used as the "ending position" of the gap 19; finally, the difference between the "ending position" and the "starting position" is subtracted, which is used as the gap value of the gap 19, and is transmitted to the display screen 24 for display by the user, and this measurement is completed.

[0047] In summary, the utility model provides a tool for measuring the gap of the pantograph carbon slide plate, which includes a base 1, the base 1 is provided with a horizontal reciprocating mechanism, the horizontal reciprocating mechanism is connected to a driving mechanism, the horizontal reciprocating mechanism is provided with a laser 9, a reflector 10 for reflecting the light of the laser 9 to the object to be inspected, and an imaging mirror 13 for receiving the diffusely reflected light of the object to be inspected, and the imaging mirror 13 is electrically connected to the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is configured as a motor 4 connected to the base 1, the horizontal reciprocating mechanism includes a spring 6 connected to the base 1, the spring 6 is connected to a moving plate 3, the motor 4 is provided with a cam 5 abutting against the moving plate 3, and the laser 9, the reflector 10 and the imaging mirror 13 are all arranged on the moving plate 3. The base 1 is provided with a horizontal guide rail 2, the horizontal guide rail 2 is provided with a slider 20, and the slider 20 is connected to the moving plate 3. The base 1 is provided with a column 1 7, the moving plate 3 is provided with a column 2 8, and the two ends of the spring 6 are respectively connected to the column 1 7 and the column 2 8. The reflector 10 is configured as a semi-transparent reflector 10, and the imaging mirror 13 is located directly above the reflector 10 that reflects the light of the laser 9 vertically downward to the object to be inspected. The base 1 is provided with a shading plate 11, and the shading plate 11 is provided with a light-transmitting hole for the light reflected by the semi-transparent reflector 10 to the object to be inspected and the light diffusely reflected by the object to be inspected to pass through. The bottom of the shading plate 11 is provided with an object distance limiting rod 16 for limiting the distance to the surface of the object to be inspected. A lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the base 1. The imaging mirror 13 and the driving mechanism are electrically connected to a processing module 15, and the processing module 15 is electrically connected to a switch 25. The processing module 15 is electrically connected to a photocell 14. Therefore, the tool for measuring the gap of the pantograph carbon slide plate of the utility model has the beneficial effects of a large measuring range, an accurate measuring structure and easy use.

[0048] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific implementation method of the utility model and is not used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tool for measuring the gap of a pantograph carbon slide plate, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1) and a processing module (15), wherein the base (1) is provided with a horizontal reciprocating mechanism, wherein the horizontal reciprocating mechanism is connected to a driving mechanism, wherein the horizontal reciprocating mechanism is provided with a laser (9), a reflecting mirror (10) for reflecting light from the laser (9) to an object to be inspected, and an imaging mirror (13) for receiving diffusely reflected light from the object to be inspected, wherein the imaging mirror (13) and the driving mechanism are both electrically connected to the processing module (15).

2. The tool for measuring the gap of the pantograph carbon slide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is configured as a motor (4) connected to the base (1); the horizontal reciprocating mechanism comprises a spring (6) connected to the base (1); the spring (6) is connected to a movable plate (3); the motor (4) is provided with a cam (5) abutting against the movable plate (3); the laser (9), the reflector (10) and the imaging mirror (13) are all arranged on the movable plate (3).

3. The tool for measuring the pantograph carbon slide plate gap according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a horizontal guide rail (2), the horizontal guide rail (2) is provided with a slider (20), and the slider (20) is connected to the movable plate (3).

4. The tool for measuring the pantograph carbon slide plate gap according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a first column (7), the movable plate (3) is provided with a second column (8), and the two ends of the spring (6) are respectively connected to the first column (7) and the second column (8).

5. The tool for measuring the gap of the pantograph carbon slide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflector (10) is configured as a semi-transparent reflector (10), and the imaging mirror (13) is located directly above the reflector (10) that reflects the light of the laser (9) vertically downward to the object to be inspected.

6. The tool for measuring the pantograph carbon slide plate gap according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a light shielding plate (11), and the light shielding plate (11) is provided with a light transmission hole for light reflected by the semi-transparent reflector (10) to the inspected object and light diffusely reflected by the inspected object to pass through.

7. The tool for measuring the gap of the pantograph carbon slide plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the light shielding plate (11) is provided with an object distance limiting rod (16) for limiting the distance to the surface of the inspected object.

8. The tool for measuring the gap of the pantograph carbon slide plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: A lifting mechanism is provided at the bottom of the base (1).

9. The tool for measuring the gap of the pantograph carbon slide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing module (15) comprises a CPU board (23), a switch (25), a drive circuit (26), a signal amplifier circuit (21) and a digital-to-analog conversion circuit (22); the signal amplifier circuit (21) is electrically connected to the imaging mirror (13); and the drive circuit (26) is electrically connected to the drive mechanism.

10. The tool for measuring the gap of the pantograph carbon slide plate according to claim 9, characterized in that: The processing module (15) is electrically connected to a photocell (14).

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